CN216418125U

CN216418125U - Fire extinguishing device

Info

Publication number: CN216418125U
Application number: CN202122748790.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张成相; 姜乃文; 张旭超; 李飞; 蔡笃成
Original assignee: Zephyr Intelligent System Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zephyr Intelligent System Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-10
Filing date: 2021-11-10
Publication date: 2022-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-10

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire extinguishing device, including storing piece, two at least pistons, two at least power spare, two piece at least connecting pipes and converging the piece. By adopting the fire extinguishing device, when the lithium battery is out of control due to heat, the power part acts to drive the piston to move towards the discharge port, and the piston moves towards the discharge port and can extrude the fire extinguishing agent stored in the storage cavity so as to discharge the fire extinguishing agent from the discharge port, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out through the connecting pipe, the connecting channel and the jet orifice to extinguish fire. And in different stages of thermal runaway, different power parts act to correspondingly drive different pistons to move, so that different fire extinguishing agents are sprayed out. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent can be sprayed for multiple times in the thermal runaway process, and different fire extinguishing agents can be sprayed for different stages of thermal runaway, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Fire extinguishing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fire-fighting equipment technical field especially relates to a fire extinguishing device.

Background

The lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, high energy efficiency, small self-discharge, no memory effect, environmental protection and the like, is the most competitive secondary battery at present, and begins to show up in the fields of travel, energy storage and the like. However, when the lithium battery is abused and has improper safety design, thermal runaway is possible, and when the thermal runaway occurs, a suppression device is required to suppress and extinguish fire. The existing suppression device usually directly sprays out the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing bottle to extinguish fire after the lithium battery is out of control due to heat, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a fire extinguishing apparatus with high fire extinguishing efficiency.

A fire suppression apparatus comprising:

the storage part is provided with at least two inner cavities and at least two discharge holes;

the piston is arranged in each inner cavity and used for dividing the inner cavity into a storage cavity and a power cavity which are not communicated with each other, each piston can move back and forth along the arrangement direction of the storage cavity and the power cavity, and each discharge hole is communicated with one end of the storage cavity, which is far away from the power cavity;

each power part is arranged in each power cavity and used for providing power for a piston to move towards the discharge hole;

one end of each connecting pipe is communicated with one discharge hole; and

the confluence piece is provided with a connecting channel and a jet orifice, the other end of each connecting pipe, which is far away from the discharge hole, is communicated with the connecting channel, and the jet orifice is communicated with the connecting channel;

wherein, each storage chamber all is used for storing fire extinguishing agent, and arbitrary two the storage intracavity is stored fire extinguishing agent all is different.

By adopting the fire extinguishing device, when the lithium battery is out of control due to heat, the power part acts to drive the piston to move towards the discharge port, and the piston moves towards the discharge port and can extrude the fire extinguishing agent stored in the storage cavity so as to discharge the fire extinguishing agent from the discharge port, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out through the connecting pipe, the connecting channel and the jet orifice to extinguish fire. And in different stages of thermal runaway, different power parts act to correspondingly drive different pistons to move, so that different fire extinguishing agents are sprayed out. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent can be sprayed for multiple times in the thermal runaway process, and different fire extinguishing agents can be sprayed for different stages of thermal runaway, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is effectively improved.

In one embodiment, the at least two inner cavities include a first inner cavity, a second inner cavity and a third inner cavity, the at least two discharge ports include a first discharge port, a second discharge port and a third discharge port, the at least two pistons include a first piston, a second piston and a third piston, the at least two power parts include a first power part, a second power part and a third power part, and the at least two connecting pipes include a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe and a third connecting pipe;

the first piston is arranged in the first inner cavity to divide the first inner cavity into a first storage cavity and a first power cavity, the second piston is arranged in the second inner cavity to divide the second inner cavity into a second storage cavity and a second power cavity, and the third piston is arranged in the third inner cavity to divide the third inner cavity into a third storage cavity and a third power cavity;

the first power part is arranged in the first power cavity, the second power part is arranged in the second power cavity, and the third power part is arranged in the third power cavity;

the first discharge hole is communicated with the first storage cavity, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with the first discharge hole, the second discharge hole is communicated with the second storage cavity, one end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the second discharge hole, the third discharge hole is communicated with the third storage cavity, and one end of the third connecting pipe is communicated with the third discharge hole.

In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus further comprises a controller and a first detector, the controller is electrically connected with the first detector and the first power member, the first detector is used for detecting a first gas, and the controller is used for controlling the action of the first power member according to the detection information of the first detector.

In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus further comprises a second detector, the controller is further electrically connected with the second detector and the second power member, the second detector is used for detecting a second gas, and the controller is further used for controlling the second power member to act according to the detection information of the second detector.

In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus further comprises a temperature sensor, the controller is further electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the third power member, and the controller is further configured to control the third power member to operate according to temperature information detected by the temperature sensor.

In one embodiment, the at least two inner cavities further include a fourth inner cavity, the at least two discharge ports further include a fourth discharge port, the at least two pistons further include a fourth piston, the at least two power parts further include a fourth power part, and the at least two connecting pipes further include a fourth connecting pipe;

the fourth piston is arranged in the fourth inner cavity to divide the fourth inner cavity into a fourth storage cavity and a fourth power cavity, the fourth power part is arranged in the fourth power cavity, the fourth discharge hole is communicated with the fourth storage cavity, and one end of the fourth connecting pipe is communicated with the fourth discharge hole;

the controller is further electrically connected with the third power part and the fourth power part to control the third power part and the fourth power part to act, and the time interval of the action of the second power part and the third power part is the same as the time interval of the action of the third power part and the fourth power part.

In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus further comprises at least two connection valves, each connection valve is disposed at one of the discharge ports, and one end of each connection pipe is communicated with the connection valve.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing the fire extinguishing apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Reference numerals:

10. a storage member; 11. an inner cavity; 12. a discharge port; 13. a storage chamber; 14. a power cavity; 20. a piston; 30. a power member; 40. a connecting pipe; 50. a bus bar; 60. and connecting a valve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, as those skilled in the art will be able to make similar modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a fire extinguishing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a storage member 10, at least two pistons 20, at least two power members 30, at least two connecting pipes 40, and a collecting pipe 50.

The storage part 10 is provided with at least two inner cavities 11 and at least two discharge ports 12, each inner cavity 11 is provided with a piston 20, each piston 20 is used for dividing the inner cavity 11 into a storage cavity 13 and a power cavity 14 which are not communicated with each other, each piston 20 can move in a reciprocating mode along the arrangement direction of the storage cavities 13 and the power cavities 14, each discharge port 12 is communicated with one end, far away from the power cavity 14, of each storage cavity 13, and each storage cavity 13 is used for storing a fire extinguishing agent.

A power member 30 is disposed in each power chamber 14, and each power member 30 is used for providing power for the piston 20 to move toward the discharge port 12.

One end of each connecting pipe 40 is communicated with a discharge port 12, the confluence piece 50 is provided with a connecting channel and an injection port, the other end of each connecting pipe 40 far away from the discharge port 12 is communicated with the connecting channel, and the injection port is communicated with the connecting channel.

Wherein the fire extinguishing agent stored in any two storage chambers 13 is different.

By adopting the fire extinguishing device, when the lithium battery is out of control due to heat, the power part 30 acts to drive the piston 20 to move towards the discharge port 12, the piston 20 moves towards the discharge port 12 to press the fire extinguishing agent stored in the storage cavity 13 so that the fire extinguishing agent is discharged from the discharge port 12, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out through the connecting pipe 40, the connecting channel and the spray opening to extinguish fire. In different stages of thermal runaway, different power members 30 act to correspondingly drive different pistons 20 to move, so that different extinguishing agents are sprayed out. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent can be sprayed for multiple times in the thermal runaway process, and different fire extinguishing agents can be sprayed for different stages of thermal runaway, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is effectively improved.

It will be appreciated that the number of cavities 11, ports 12, pistons 20, power members 30 and connecting tubes 40 are the same.

It should be noted that, the thermal runaway of lithium cell can divide into a plurality of stages, and in different stages, can spill over different typical gas or smog in the lithium cell, so can be directed against the different stages of lithium cell thermal runaway, spray different fire extinguishing agent, improve the efficiency of putting out a fire of fire extinguishing agent.

It should be explained that the extinguishing efficiency means that a better extinguishing effect is ensured at the same dosage or that the suppression time for thermal runaway is longer at the same dosage. Whereas typical gases are the most produced at this stage.

In some embodiments, the number of the inner cavities 11 is three, which corresponds to three of the discharge holes 12, the pistons 20, the power members 30 and the connecting pipes 40. The three inner cavities 11 are a first inner cavity 11, a second inner cavity 11 and a third inner cavity 11, the three discharge ports 12 are a first discharge port 12, a second discharge port 12 and a third discharge port 12, the three pistons 20 are a first piston 20, a second piston 20 and a third piston 20, and the three connecting pipes 40 are a first connecting pipe 40, a second connecting pipe 40 and a third connecting pipe 40.

The first piston 20 is disposed in the first inner cavity 11 to divide the first inner cavity 11 into a first storage cavity 13 and a first power cavity 14, the second piston 20 is disposed in the second inner cavity 11 to divide the second inner cavity 11 into a second storage cavity 13 and a second power cavity 14, and the third piston 20 is disposed in the third inner cavity 11 to divide the third inner cavity 11 into a third storage cavity 13 and a third power cavity 14.

It can be understood that the first piston 20, the second piston 20 and the third piston 20 are respectively movable in a reciprocating manner in the first inner cavity 11, the second inner cavity 11 and the third inner cavity 11, and the first storage cavity 13 is not communicated with the first power cavity 14, the second storage cavity 13 is not communicated with the second power cavity 14, and the third storage cavity 13 is not communicated with the third power cavity 14.

In addition, the first discharge hole 12 is communicated with the first storage cavity 13, one end of the first connection pipe 40 is communicated with the first discharge hole 12, the second discharge hole 12 is communicated with the second storage cavity 13, one end of the second connection pipe 40 is communicated with the second discharge hole 12, the third discharge hole 12 is communicated with the third storage cavity 13, and one end of the third connection pipe 40 is communicated with the third discharge hole 12.

Further, it is determined that the first power member 30 is disposed in the first power cavity 14, the second power member 30 is disposed in the second power cavity 14, and the third power member 30 is disposed in the third power cavity 14 to respectively provide power to the first piston 20, the second piston 20, and the third piston 20, so that the first piston 20, the second piston 20, and the third piston 20 respectively move toward the first discharge hole 12, the second discharge hole 12, and the third discharge hole 12, and thus respectively extrude and spray out the fire extinguishing agent in the first storage cavity 13, the second storage cavity 13, and the third storage cavity 13.

In this embodiment, the process of thermal runaway of a lithium battery is roughly divided into a front stage, a middle stage and a rear stage, in the front stage of thermal runaway, a typical gas generated by the lithium battery in which thermal runaway occurs is hydrogen, in the middle stage of thermal runaway, a typical gas generated by the lithium battery in which thermal runaway occurs is carbon monoxide, and in the rear stage of thermal runaway, a large amount of smoke is generated by the lithium battery in which thermal runaway occurs.

Therefore, the first piston 20 can be pushed by the first power member 30 to extrude and spray the fire extinguishing agent in the first storage chamber 13 in the early stage, the second piston 20 can be pushed by the second power member 30 to extrude and spray the fire extinguishing agent in the second storage chamber 13 in the middle stage, and the third piston 20 can be pushed by the third power member 30 to extrude and spray the fire extinguishing agent in the third storage chamber 13 in the later stage.

In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes a controller electrically connected to the first detector and the first power member 30, and the first detector is configured to detect the first gas, and the controller is configured to control the first power member 30 to operate according to the detection information of the first detector.

In this embodiment, the first gas is hydrogen, and the first detector is a hydrogen sensor. In the early stage of thermal runaway, when the first detector detects that the content of hydrogen reaches a certain concentration, the controller controls and starts the first power part 30, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the first storage cavity 13 is sprayed out to inert the space in the battery box and inhibit the further development of thermal runaway.

In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing apparatus further comprises a second detector, the controller is further electrically connected to the second detector and the second power member 30, the second detector is used for detecting the second gas, and the controller is further used for controlling the second power member 30 to operate according to the detection information of the second detector.

In this embodiment, the second gas is carbon monoxide and the second detector is a carbon monoxide sensor. In the middle stage of thermal runaway, when the second detector detects that the content of carbon monoxide reaches a certain concentration, the controller controls the second power component 30 to act, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the second storage cavity 13 is sprayed out, the temperature of the lithium battery is reduced, and thermal spread is prevented.

In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes a temperature sensor, the controller is further electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the third power member 30, and the controller is further configured to control the third power member 30 to operate according to the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor, so as to spray out the fire extinguishing agent in the third storage cavity 13, so as to rapidly cool the lithium battery, and prevent the lithium battery from generating combustible gas (hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc.) and combustible particles (smoke) from re-burning.

In this embodiment, the number of the temperature sensors includes a plurality of, and each lithium battery in the battery box all corresponds and is provided with a temperature sensor, and the action of the third power component 30 is controlled to the accessible monitoring and the temperature of the lithium battery that takes place thermal runaway is adjacent.

Of course, the controller may be directly electrically connected to the battery management system, so as to accurately determine the location of the lithium battery in which thermal runaway occurs.

In some embodiments, the inner cavity 11 includes four corresponding to three discharge ports 12, three corresponding to three piston 20, three power members 30 and three connecting pipes 40. That is, in addition to the inner cavity 11, the discharge hole 12, and the like described in the above embodiments, the piston further includes a fourth inner cavity 11, a fourth discharge hole 12, a fourth piston 20, a fourth power member 30, and a fourth connection pipe 40.

Specifically, the fourth piston 20 is disposed in the fourth inner cavity 11 to divide the fourth inner cavity 11 into a fourth storage cavity 13 and a fourth power cavity 14, the fourth power member 30 is disposed in the fourth power cavity 14, the fourth discharge hole 12 is communicated with the fourth storage cavity 13, and one end of the fourth connecting pipe 40 is communicated with the fourth discharge hole 12.

In some embodiments, the controller is further electrically connected to the fourth power member 30 to control the fourth power member 30 to operate, so as to spray the fire extinguishing agent out of the fourth storage chamber 13, to inert the space in the battery box again, and to rapidly cool the lithium battery, thereby further preventing the lithium battery from generating combustible gas (hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc.) and combustible particles (smoke) from being re-combusted.

In practice, the time interval between the actions of the second power member 30 and the third power member 30 is the same as the time interval between the actions of the third power member 30 and the fourth power member 30.

The time interval may be obtained through multiple experiments, and is not limited herein.

It can be understood that the fourth time of spraying is provided in the embodiment, so that the fire extinguishing effect can be further ensured, and the thermal runaway propagation can be avoided. The third injection and the fourth injection both have the functions of rapid temperature reduction and afterburning prevention, and enough time is left for fire rescue in order to prolong the inhibition effect.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the operation of the fourth power member 30 can also be controlled by monitoring the temperature of the lithium battery. Specifically, when the temperature does not reach the preset threshold, the third injection and the fourth injection are injected according to the preset time interval, and when the temperature reaches the preset threshold, the controller directly controls the third action piece or the fourth action piece to act.

In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing agent comprises a mixture of one or more of perfluorohexanone, 2-bromo-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene, or deionized water. That is, the fire extinguishing agent stored in each storage chamber 13 is one or more of the above-mentioned mixtures.

It is to be explained that a plurality of mixtures, namely two or three of perfluorohexanone, 2-bromo-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene or deionized water are mixed to form the composite fire extinguishing agent. In addition, the fire extinguishing agent used in the different stages can be determined by a plurality of experiments, and is not limited herein.

When three injections were used:

under the condition that the lithium battery is of the NCM523 type, 1 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the first storage cavity 13, and 3 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the second storage cavity 13 and the third storage cavity 13;

under the condition that the lithium battery is of the NCM622 type, 1 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the first storage cavity 13, 4 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the second storage cavity 13, and 3 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the third storage cavity 13;

in the case of the lithium battery of the type NCM811, 1 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the first storage chamber 13, 5 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the second storage chamber 13, and 4 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the third storage chamber 13.

When four injections are used:

under the condition that the lithium battery is of the NCM523 type, 1 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the first storage cavity 13, and 3 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the second storage cavity 13, the third storage cavity 13 and the fourth storage cavity 13;

under the condition that the lithium battery is of the NCM622 type, 1 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the first storage cavity 13, 3 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the second storage cavity 13, and 2 kg of fire extinguishing agent is stored in the third storage cavity 13 and the fourth storage cavity 13;

under the condition that the model of lithium cell is NCM811, 1 kilogram's fire extinguishing agent is stored in first storage chamber 13, 5 kilograms's fire extinguishing agent is stored in second storage chamber 13, and 2 kilograms's fire extinguishing agent is all stored in third storage chamber 13 and the fourth storage chamber 13.

In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes at least two connection valves 60, each connection valve 60 is disposed at one discharge port 12, and one end of each connection pipe 40 is in communication with the connection valve 60. When it is required to spray the fire extinguishing agent in a certain storage chamber 13, the connection valve 60 corresponding to the storage chamber 13 is opened, and then the corresponding power member 30 is actuated.

In practical applications, the connection valves 60 are solenoid valves, and each connection valve 60 is electrically connected to the controller.

In some embodiments, the power member 30 is a gas generator.

In some embodiments, the fire suppression apparatus further includes a nozzle connected to the manifold 50 in a spray connection and in communication with the spray port.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fire suppression apparatus, comprising:

one end of each connecting pipe is communicated with one discharge hole; and

wherein, each storage chamber all is used for storing fire extinguishing agent, and arbitrary two the storage intracavity stores the fire extinguishing agent all is different.

2. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least two inner chambers comprise a first inner chamber, a second inner chamber, and a third inner chamber, the at least two discharge ports comprise a first discharge port, a second discharge port, and a third discharge port, the at least two pistons comprise a first piston, a second piston, and a third piston, the at least two power members comprise a first power member, a second power member, and a third power member, and the at least two connecting pipes comprise a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and a third connecting pipe;

3. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a controller and a first detector, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first detector and the first power member, the first detector is configured to detect a first gas, and the controller is configured to control the first power member to operate according to detection information of the first detector.

4. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a second detector, wherein the controller is further electrically connected to the second detector and the second power member, the second detector is configured to detect a second gas, and the controller is further configured to control the second power member to operate according to the detection information of the second detector.

5. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a temperature sensor, wherein the controller is further electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the third power member, and the controller is further configured to control the third power member to operate according to temperature information detected by the temperature sensor.

6. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 4, wherein said at least two interior chambers further comprise a fourth interior chamber, said at least two discharge ports further comprise a fourth discharge port, said at least two pistons further comprise a fourth piston, said at least two power members further comprise a fourth power member, and said at least two connecting tubes further comprise a fourth connecting tube;

7. The fire extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least two connection valves, each of the connection valves being disposed at one of the discharge ports, one end of each of the connection pipes being in communication with the connection valve.