CN216394322U

CN216394322U - Stepped drill for planting

Info

Publication number: CN216394322U
Application number: CN202120234848.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹多宏; 高振华
Original assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Current assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Priority date: 2021-01-27
Filing date: 2021-01-27
Publication date: 2022-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of dental implantation, in particular to a stepped drill for implantation. The planting step drill comprises a drill head part, a neck part and a handle part which are connected in sequence; the drill bit part is provided with an adjacent cutting edge and a chip groove, the cutting edge and the chip groove are spirally arranged along the periphery of the drill bit part, and the drill bit part comprises a drill point; the drill point is a flat end with a chisel edge; the self-drilling tip of the blade comprises a plurality of stepped sections with gradually increased diameters in sequence; the outer edge of the blade lobe is provided with a first cutting edge; the periphery of the cutting land is provided with a spirally extending second cutting edge. The utility model is used for solving the problems that bone injury, intraosseous opportunistic infection, implant hole deviation, non-vertical hole wall and the like are easily caused when the traditional implant operation is used for preparing holes, and then implants are difficult to implant or the initial stability is insufficient in the prior art.

Description

Stepped drill for planting

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of dental implantation, in particular to a stepped drill for implantation.

Background

Dental implantation is currently the preferred way to repair missing teeth because of its aesthetic appearance, no damage to adjacent teeth, and stable efficacy. An implant, also called an artificial tooth root, is surgically implanted into the jaw bone of a patient at the site of the missing tooth, after osseointegration has taken place, on top of which is mounted the relevant device for repairing the dental prosthesis. When the implant is implanted, a drill bit is needed to drill holes, and the drilling is the most critical step of the implant operation. The key tools adopted by each large planting system at present are a positioning drill, a hole expanding drill and a forming drill. The pilot drill is a typical twist drill used to initially determine the location and depth of implant implantation. The reamer enlarges the positioning hole step by step on the basis of the positioning drill, the reaming times are influenced by the implantation position of the implant of the patient and the difference of individuals, and generally at least two times of reaming is needed. The forming drill is mainly used for forming the upper part of the hole so as to achieve the screwing diameter matched with the implant.

At present, a dental drill in an implant operation mainly depends on a positioning drill to ensure the accuracy of a drilling position, and subsequent drilling is performed on an original hole for reaming step by step, but because the field of vision in the oral cavity of a patient is limited and the operation space is limited, a doctor is difficult to ensure that the central lines of the drill bit are completely matched during drilling each time clinically, the replacement of the drill bit not only increases the difficulty and the strength of the doctor in the operation, but also wastes the operation time, and if the central lines deviate, the drill bit is easy to be difficult to drill or slip, the implant hole deviates, the hole wall is not vertical, cracks occur and the like, and the stability of an implant is influenced; multiple hole preparation is easy to increase intraosseous infection and bone injury, so that more osteonecrosis layers around the implant are caused, and the probability of osteonecrosis and implant osseointegration failure is increased; meanwhile, at present, all dental implant bone reamers are designed to be conical or cylindrical, prepared bone implant cavities are conical or cylindrical, and the situations of difficult implant implantation, insufficient initial stability and the like are easy to occur when immediate implantation and immediate load bearing treatment are carried out.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a stepped drill for implantation, which is used to solve the problems in the prior art that when a hole is prepared in a conventional implantation operation, multiple reaming steps are performed step by step, which is likely to cause bone damage and opportunistic infection in bone, implant hole deviation, non-vertical hole wall, and the like, and thus implant implantation is difficult or initial stability is insufficient.

To achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions.

The application provides a planting step drill, which comprises a drill head part, a neck part and a handle part which are sequentially connected; the drill bit part is provided with an adjacent cutting edge and a chip groove, the cutting edge and the chip groove are spirally arranged along the periphery of the drill bit part, and the drill bit part comprises a drill point; the drill point is a flat end with a chisel edge; the blade self-drilling tip is sequentially provided with a plurality of stepped sections with gradually increased diameters; the outer edge of the blade lobe is provided with a first cutting edge; the periphery of the cutting land is provided with a spirally extending second cutting edge.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the width of the land is the same from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end; the flute width of the flute gradually increases from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the drill head is provided with two oppositely arranged cutting edges and two oppositely arranged chip grooves.

In some embodiments of the utility model, two lands located at the same cross-section of the bit portion are the same width; two flutes located on the same cross section of the bit portion have the same width.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the helix angle of the first cutting edge is equal to the helix angle of the second cutting edge; the helical angle of the first cutting edge is 30-60 degrees; the helix angle of the second cutting edge is 30-60 degrees.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the edge thicknesses of the second cutting edges are the same; the edge widths of the second cutting edges are the same; the distance between adjacent edges of the second cutting edges is the same.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the drill head portion comprises a first step, a second step and a third step of increasing diameter in order from the drill tip.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the diameters of the portions in the first step are equal.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the diameters of the portions of the second step are equal.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the diameters of the portions in the third step are equal.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the neck portion is provided with an identification zone; and the mark area is provided with scale marks.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the scale marks are marked with marking lines and/or marking grooves of different colors.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a planting step drill according to the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 drill bit part

11 drill point

12-edge land

13 chip groove

14 first cutting edge

15 second cutting edge

2 neck part

21 identification area

3 handle part

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to fig. 1. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a planting step drill, which includes a drill head portion 1, a neck portion 2 and a handle portion 3 connected in sequence; the drill bit part 1 is provided with an adjacent cutting edge 12 and a chip groove 13, the cutting edge 12 and the chip groove 13 are spirally arranged along the periphery of the drill bit part 1, and the drill bit part 1 comprises a drill point 11; the drill tip 11 is a flat end with a chisel edge; the blade 12 is provided with a plurality of stepped sections with gradually increased diameters from the end of the drill tip 11; the outer edge of the blade 12 is provided with a first cutting edge 14; the periphery of the land 12 extends spirally with a second cutting edge 15.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, the drill bit part 1 means: a working part of the ladder drill for planting.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, as shown in fig. 1, the neck part 2 is used for connecting the drill head part 1 and the handle part 3. The neck 2 is an extension of the drill head 1 and facilitates the drilling of a bone with a greater height.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, the handle part 3 refers to a part for clamping on the planting step drill and is used for transmitting power required by drilling, such as torque and axial force. The handle 3 includes a handle interface to receive a planter (e.g., an international universal planter docking port configuration) for robotic expansion. A handle may also be attached for manual reaming.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, as shown in fig. 1, the chip groove 13 refers to a spiral groove on the drill bit part 1, and a sharp first cutting edge 14 is arranged at the junction of the edge of the chip groove 13 and the edge of the blade 12. The chip groove 13 is used for upwards discharging bone chips in the hole expanding process, reducing friction and heat generation in the hole expanding process, preventing bone burn and bone necrosis and reducing the tooth implantation failure rate; the cutting edge with sharp edge has the function of rapidly cutting crest top cortical bone and trabecula bone in the process of high-speed rotary reaming, can effectively reduce the heat generated by friction of the crest top cortical bone and the fracture of the trabecula bone, reduces the bone injury and the bone necrosis in the reaming process of dental bone implantation to the maximum extent, is beneficial to bone healing and bone reconstruction, and greatly improves the bone integration success rate of the implant.

In a more specific embodiment, the flutes 13 of the outer surface of the drill bit portion 1 are clockwise or counterclockwise. When the chip groove 13 is clockwise, the cutting capacity is realized when the planting step drill rotates clockwise, and the cutting capacity is not realized when the planting step drill rotates anticlockwise; when helical structure is anticlockwise, plant with the ladder and bore in the use, there is cutting ability during anticlockwise rotation, does not have cutting ability during clockwise rotation.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the land 12 refers to a portion of the drill bit portion 1 where the chip groove 13 is not cut at the outer edge.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the first cutting edge 14 is a sharp structure formed by the outer edge of the land 12 after the flute 13 is cut out from the drill bit portion 1, and is a strong side-rotation cutting edge. The drill bit part 1 is provided with a first cutting edge 14 from bottom to top in each step, the first cutting edge 14 is a strong lateral rotating cutting edge, the cutting capacity is strong, a bone trabecula structure can be rapidly cut in a high-speed rotating process, the fracture of the bone trabecula structure is avoided, friction heat generation is reduced, bone tissues are protected to the maximum extent, bone wounds during reaming are reduced, bone healing and implant osseointegration are facilitated, and the success rate of implant osseointegration is increased.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the second cutting edge 15 is a convex structure formed spirally along the land 12, and has a bone pressing capability. The effect of second cutting edge 15 is the reaming in-process, can play expansion and guard action to cancellous bone structure, increases the bone density around the implant, improves the initial stability of implant, reduces the fine motion under the implant load state, is favorable to implant induction osteogenesis, accomplishes osseointegration, very big improvement implant osseointegration's success rate.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, the helix angle is an angle between a tangential direction of the first cutting edge 14 or the second cutting edge 15 and an axial direction of the drill portion 1. The spiral angle of the first cutting edge 14 is equal to the spiral angle of the second cutting edge 15, so that the design has the advantages that the cutting performance of each step on hard bones is improved, the tooth planting cavity preparation efficiency is improved, the planting cavity preparation can be completed only by one drill preparation, the probability of damage and opportunistic infection is reduced, the clinical work efficiency is improved, and the success rate of implant bone integration is greatly increased.

In the planting ladder bores that this application provided, like figure 1, brill head 1 is the echelonment that the diameter is crescent from bottom to top, with the help of its strong cutting power, is favorable to planting the nest reaming, deepens smoothly when being equipped with the hole, stabilizes the drill body, reduces the heat production, avoids osteonecrosis. The stepped structure enables the planting cavity to be stepped gradually and gradually, proper range is kept while the conical implant is easy to implant, and the implant is implanted to effectively extrude alveolar bone on the side wall of the cavity, so that bone density is improved, ideal initial stability is easy to obtain, and the success rate of implant osseointegration is increased. Only one planting step drill is needed in the reaming process, the deviation of the planting cavity is effectively avoided, the bone injury and the opportunistic infection in bones caused by multiple preparations are avoided, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the operation time is shortened. The drill bit is not changed in the reaming process, the opportunistic pollution is reduced, the planting efficiency is greatly improved, the operation time of operators is saved, the postoperative reaction is reduced, and the comfort level of patients is improved.

In the planting step drill provided herein, as shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the width of the land 12 is the same from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end. The flute width of the flutes 13 increases from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end. The advantage of designing like this is when planting each step section of nest hole reaming process increase different, guarantees that different reaming step sections correspond the bone bits volume and discharges, forms good preparation nest hole, and one bores the preparation, can implant the planting body smoothly, reduces the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, and can obtain good planting body initial stage stability, when improving clinical work efficiency, the success rate of very big increase planting body osseointegration.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, the drill bit part 1 is respectively provided with two oppositely arranged cutting edges 12 and two oppositely arranged chip grooves 13. In a particular embodiment, two lands 12 located at the same cross-section of the drill bit portion 1 are the same width; two flutes 13 located in the same cross-section of the drill bit 1 are of the same width. The advantage of design like this is when planting when cave hole reaming to bone marrow and soft weaving bone extrusion expansion, through sharp chip groove edge cutting crest top cortex bone and bone trabecula, guarantee that different reaming ladder sections correspond the bone bits volume and discharge, furthest reduces the bone damage of reaming in-process, form good preparation cave hole, one bores the preparation, can implant the planting body smoothly, obtain good planting body initial stage stability, reduce the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, when improving clinical work efficiency, the success rate of very big increase planting body osseointegration.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, in an embodiment, the drill tip 11 is a flat end with a chisel edge. The drill body is of a stepped shape with the diameter gradually increased, and is beneficial to gradual penetration of the drill body during hole expansion and hole preparation of the dental implant pit, so that the effect of stabilizing the drill body can be achieved, heat production is greatly reduced, osteonecrosis is effectively avoided, and the success rate of dental implant is improved.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the edge thicknesses of the second cutting edges 15 are the same; the width of the second cutting edge 15 is the same; the adjacent edges of the second cutting edges 15 are equally spaced. Wherein the edge thickness refers to the thickness of each cutting edge outer side face of each cutting edge in the axial direction of the drill bit portion 1. The blade width is a distance extending from the outer side surface of the bit 1 to the outer side surface of the blade. The pitch between the adjacent blades means a pitch between the adjacent two blades in the axial direction of the bit portion 1. The advantage of designing like this is when planting each step section of nest hole reaming process increase different, guarantees that different reaming step sections correspond the bone bits volume and discharges, forms good preparation nest hole, and one bores the preparation, can implant the planting body smoothly, reduces the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, and can obtain good planting body initial stage stability, when improving clinical work efficiency, the success rate of very big increase planting body osseointegration.

In one embodiment, the width of the second cutting edge 15 is 0.3-0.7 mm. The edge thickness of the second cutting edge 15 is 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The distance between adjacent edges of the second cutting edge 15 is 0.7-1.2 mm.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, the helix angle of the first cutting edge 14 may be 30-60 °; 30 degrees to 40 degrees; 40-50 degrees or 50-60 degrees, etc. The helix angle of the second cutting edge 15 may be 30 to 60 °; 30 degrees to 40 degrees; 40-50 degrees or 50-60 degrees, etc.

In the planting step drill provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 1, in a specific embodiment, from a drill tip 11, the drill bit portion 1 includes a first step section, a second step section and a third step section, of which diameters increase in sequence. More specifically, the diameters of the parts in the first step are equal; the diameters of all parts in the second step section are equal; the diameters of all parts in the third step section are equal. The advantage of designing like this is when planting each step section of nest hole reaming process increase different, guarantees that different reaming step sections correspond the bone bits volume and discharges, forms good preparation nest hole, and one bores the preparation, can implant the planting body smoothly, reduces the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, and can obtain good planting body initial stage stability, when improving clinical work efficiency, the success rate of very big increase planting body osseointegration.

In a preferred embodiment, the diameters of the drill head portions 1 of the stepped drill are different for different implant diameters. For example, when the diameter of the implant is 3mm to 5mm, the diameter of the first step is 1.8mm to 2.5 mm. The diameter of the second step section is 2.2 mm-3.4 mm. The diameter of the third step section is 2.8 mm-4.8 mm. More specifically, when the diameter of the implant is 3mm, the diameter of the first step is 1.8mm, the diameter of the second step is 2.2mm, and the diameter of the third step is 2.8 mm. When the diameter of the implant is 3.8mm, the diameter of the first step is 2.4mm, the diameter of the second step is 2.8mm, and the diameter of the third step is 3.6 mm. When the diameter of the implant is 5mm, the diameter of the first step is 2.4mm, the diameter of the second step is 3.4mm, and the diameter of the third step is 4.8 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the lengths of the drill bit portions 1 of the step drill are different for different implant diameters. The length of the first step is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm; the length of the second step section is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm; the length of the third step section is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, as shown in fig. 1, the neck 2 is provided with a mark area 21 which can indicate the drilling depth. The mark area 21 is provided with scale marks which are mark lines and/or mark grooves with different colors. And a scale mark is arranged on the mark area 21 at intervals of 1 mm-3 mm or 2 mm. The scale mark is used for marking the distance from one end of the drill tip 11 of the stepped drill for planting.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, in a specific embodiment, the length of the drill bit part 1 is 7-9 mm; the length of the neck part is 8 mm-10 mm; the length of the handle part 3 is 15 mm-20 mm. The length of the drill tip 11 is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm.

In the planting step drill provided by the application, in a specific embodiment, the width of the cutting edge 12 of the drill head part 1 is 0.3 mm-0.7 mm. The land 12 width refers to: the length between the land edge, i.e., the secondary cutting edge, measured perpendicular to the land edge, i.e., the secondary cutting edge, and the trailing root edge of the land 12. The width of the chip groove 13 is 0.7 mm-1.5 mm.

In the stepped drill for planting provided by the application, in a specific embodiment, the width of the first-step edge land 12 is 0.3 mm-0.7 mm; or 0.3mm to 0.5mm, etc. The width of the second stepped section edge land 12 is 0.3 mm-0.7 mm; 0.3mm to 0.5mm, etc. The width of the third step edge land 12 is 0.3 mm-0.7 mm; or 0.3mm to 0.5mm, etc. The advantage of designing like this is when planting each step section of nest hole reaming process increase different, guarantees that different reaming step sections correspond the bone bits volume and discharges, forms good preparation nest hole, and one bores the preparation, can implant the planting body smoothly, reduces the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, and can obtain good planting body initial stage stability, when improving clinical work efficiency, the success rate of very big increase planting body osseointegration.

Clinically, the step drill is placed in a special tool box and disinfected for clinical use.

The clinical application instructions are as follows:

when the drill is used, according to the standard of an implant surgery, a patient can cut and turn over a valve under local anesthesia, firstly, a hole and the implant implantation depth are determined by using a pioneer drill, then, according to the diameter of the implant and the density of alveolar bones, a step drill with a corresponding diameter is selected, according to the effective bone height, the preoperative implant length and the implantation depth, the step drill is used for drilling into the alveolar bones, after the preset depth is reached, the step drill is pulled out, the pit hole is washed, and then, the implant is implanted.

In the clinical situation that the bone density is relatively low, such as 3 and 4 types of bones, the step drill with at least one model smaller than the diameter of the implant is recommended to be selected for preparing the implant cavity; for example, implant 4.2mm diameter implant, and step drill with upper diameter of 3.6 or 3.4 diameter is selected to prepare the planting cavity. When the bone density is higher, a step drill corresponding to the diameter of the implant is recommended to be used for preparing the implant cavity, and the thicker cortical bone part at the crest area of the alveolar bone crest is recommended to be used for cortical bone molding.

In conclusion, the stepped drill for planting provided by the utility model is applied to the hole preparation of the hole drilling in the planting operation, and the hole preparation process does not need to be expanded step by step, so that the hole can be drilled to the bottom, the bone injury and the opportunistic infection in bones caused by multiple preparations are avoided, the phenomenon that the central lines of all drill bits are not matched during the step by step hole expansion is prevented, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the operation time is shortened. The prepared bone planting cavities are in a step-by-step descending stair shape, so that proper range is kept while the conical implant is easy to implant, ideal initial stability is easy to obtain, and the success rate of osseointegration of the implant is increased.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The planting step drill is characterized by comprising a drill head part (1), a neck part (2) and a handle part (3) which are sequentially connected; the drill bit part (1) is provided with an adjacent cutting edge (12) and a chip groove (13), the cutting edge (12) and the chip groove (13) are spirally arranged along the periphery of the drill bit part (1), and the drill bit part (1) comprises a drill point (11); the drill point (11) is a flat end with a chisel edge; the cutting edge (12) comprises a plurality of stepped sections with gradually increased diameters from the end of the drill point (11); the outer edge of the blade lobe (12) is provided with a first cutting edge (14); the periphery of the blade (12) is provided with a spirally extending second cutting edge (15); the edge thickness of the second cutting edge (15) is the same; the width of the second cutting edge (15) is the same; the distance between adjacent edges of the second cutting edges (15) is the same.

2. A stepped drill for planting as claimed in claim 1 wherein the width of said land (12) is the same from a distal neck end to a proximal neck end; the flute width of the flute (13) is gradually increased from the far neck end to the near neck end.

3. A stepped drill for planting according to claim 1, characterized in that the drill head (1) is provided with two oppositely arranged cutting edges (12) and two oppositely arranged flutes (13), respectively.

4. A stepped drill for planting according to claim 3, characterized in that two lands (12) located at the same cross-section of the drill head portion (1) are of the same width; the widths of two chip grooves (13) on the same cross section of the drill bit part (1) are the same.

5. A stepped drill for planting as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the helix angle of the first cutting edge (14) is equal to the helix angle of the second cutting edge (15); the helical angle of the first cutting edge (14) is 30-60 degrees; the helix angle of the second cutting edge (15) is 30-60 degrees.

6. A stepped drill for planting according to claim 1, characterized in that said drill head portion (1) comprises a first step, a second step and a third step of increasing diameter in order from said drill tip (11).

7. A stepped planting drill according to claim 6, wherein the diameters of the portions in the first step are equal;

and/or the diameters of all parts in the second step section are equal;

and/or the diameters of the parts in the third step section are equal.

8. A stepped drill for planting according to claim 1, characterized in that said neck (2) is provided with a marking zone (21); and scale marks are arranged on the mark area (21).

9. A stepped planting drill according to claim 8, wherein the scale markings are marking lines and/or marking grooves of different colours.