CN216394227U - Internal fixing system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur, which comprises a bone fracture plate, wherein the bone fracture plate comprises a near end and a far end, and the near end is wrapped by a greater trochanter and has a three-dimensional structure. The internal fixing system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur can fix not only coronal fracture but also sagittal fracture, so that three-dimensional fixation of intertrochanteric fracture is achieved, and the internal fixing system can be suitable for fixation of fracture with intertrochanteric fracture and front-back separation phenomenon in fracture; in addition, the internal fixation system is beneficial to fixing small fracture blocks at the fracture part.

Description

Internal fixing system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur.

Background

Intertrochanteric fracture of femur, also known as intertrochanteric fracture, is an extraarticular fracture. For intertrochanteric femoral fractures, the prior art often employs dynamic hip screw systems for treatment. The dynamic hip system comprises a sleeve steel plate, a tension screw and a compression screw. The specific operation process is as follows: after the lag screw is placed until the length of the lag screw is proper, the sleeve steel plate is placed in; after the sleeve steel plate is driven in, a compression screw is screwed in to fix the sleeve steel plate. For femoral intertrochanteric fracture, the lag screw is limited in the sleeve of the sleeve steel plate, and the sleeve steel plate is matched with the lag screw too hard, so that the activity of the fracture end is reduced, and the fracture end does not move under physiological load. The dynamic hip screw system can cause further damage to the fracture area, loss of bone mass and separation of front and back fractures, and the stabilizing effect is not good; and there is no gap between the compression screw and the sleeve steel plate, which can not realize compression between fracture blocks and is not beneficial to fracture healing; in addition, the system is unable to fix the fractured bone in the face of fracture of the femoral head.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur, which can achieve the fixation of fracture of coronal plane and fracture of sagittal plane, so that the fracture of intertrochanteric fracture of femur can achieve three-dimensional fixation, and can be suitable for the fixation of fracture with intertrochanteric fracture and front-back separation phenomenon in fracture; in addition, the internal fixation system is beneficial to fixing small fracture blocks at the fracture part.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur comprises a bone fracture plate, wherein the bone fracture plate comprises a near end and a far end, and the near end is wrapped by a greater rotator and has a three-dimensional structure.

Further, the proximal end wraps more than 30% of the surface area of the large rotor.

Further, the proximal end is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes, and axes of the plurality of first fixing holes are not completely parallel.

Preferably, a plurality of the first fixing holes are distributed on both sides of the fracture seam.

Preferably, the distal end is provided with a fourth fixing hole.

Further, a third fixing hole is formed in the joint of the proximal end and the distal end.

Preferably, at least two second fixing holes are further arranged at the position, close to the distal end, of the proximal end, and the at least two second fixing holes and the third fixing holes are distributed in a triangular shape;

preferably, the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are ball socket holes.

Further, the internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture further comprises a lag screw; the lag screw passes through the third fixed hole and is implanted in the bone.

Furthermore, fracture internal fixation system still includes the nut between femoral tuberosity, and the nut includes head and pole portion, and the head size is greater than the aperture of third fixed orifices, pole portion and lag screw one end threaded connection.

Furthermore, the lag screw comprises a first section, a second section and a third section which are connected in sequence; the rod part is of a hollow structure, and threads are arranged in the hollow structure; the hollow structure is connected with the first section of the screw thread.

Further, the rod portion is provided with a plurality of axial notches.

Preferably, the end of the rod part, which is far away from the head part, is circumferentially provided with an anti-back boss.

Furthermore, the third fixing hole is a light hole, and a gap is formed between the rod part and the third fixing hole.

Further, the internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture further comprises a first screw disposed in the first fixation hole; a second screw disposed in the second fixing hole; and a fourth screw disposed in the fourth fixing hole.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the internal fixing system for intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model ensures that the fixation of the greater trochanter region has certain surrounding degree, and not only can achieve the fixation of coronal fracture, but also can achieve the fixation of sagittal fracture, thereby achieving the three-dimensional fixation; the internal fixation system can be suitable for the fixation of fracture with the phenomena of not only the fracture between the cistrona but also the separation between the front and the back in the fracture;

the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model can wrap the small fracture block and play a temporary supporting role in fixing the small fracture block;

according to the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model, the plurality of first fixing holes arranged at the near end can fix small fracture blocks, and the dispersion of mechanics can be achieved, so that the internal fixation system has no stress concentration; the plurality of first fixing holes are distributed on two sides of the fracture seam, so that the fracture seam can be closed;

according to the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model, the second fixing holes and the third fixing holes arranged at the near end are distributed in a triangular shape, so that the stability and stress dispersion of the bone plate are facilitated;

according to the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model, when the nut is screwed, the nut extrudes the bone plate (the bone plate is a resistance plate), and the tension screw is pulled out, so that the compression of the fracture end is realized, and the closure of the fracture seam is facilitated; a gap is reserved between the screw cap and the third fixing hole of the bone fracture plate, and a part of the cervical shaft angle can be lost in the using process, so that the relatively stable fixing technology is favorable for promoting the formation of callus and the healing of fracture;

the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model can reduce the damage of local tissues, create a good fracture repair environment and promote the healing of bones.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric femoral fractures provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention in use;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric femoral fractures provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angular configuration of an internal fixation system for an intertrochanteric fracture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lag screw according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a nut according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a nut provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein:

1. a bone plate;

11. a proximal end; 111. a first fixing hole; 112. a second fixing hole;

12. a distal end; 121. a fourth fixing hole;

13. a third fixing hole;

2. a lag screw; 21. a first stage; 22. a second stage; 23. a third stage;

3. a nut; 31, a head portion; 32, a stem portion; 33. a notch; 34. the anti-back boss; 35. an internal thread;

4. a first screw;

5. a second screw;

6. a large rotor;

7. the femoral head;

8. the neck of the femur.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The utility model provides a femoral intertrochanteric fracture internal fixation system for solving the problem of fracture in which not only the fracture between the trochanter and the trochanter but also the separation phenomenon exists in the fracture. Good fixation is achieved both in good fixation means or materials and in a mechanical dispersion as much as possible without achieving mechanical concentration. Meanwhile, in a fixing mode, the damage of local tissues is reduced as much as possible, and a good fracture repair environment is created to promote the healing of bones. The femoral intertrochanteric fracture internal system can relatively well solve the problems.

The utility model provides an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur, which comprises a bone fracture plate, wherein the bone fracture plate comprises a near end and a far end, and the near end is wrapped by a greater rotator and is of a three-dimensional structure.

The intertrochanteric fracture of the femur belongs to the common fracture type, the fracture condition of the head part of the femur often occurs, the near end of the bone fracture plate is designed into a wrapping shape, the wrapping effect on the small fracture block can be achieved, the small fracture block is fixed by using a small screw, the temporary support can be provided, and the problem that the small fracture block is not easy to fix in the prior art is solved;

in addition, for femoral intertrochanteric fracture, a certain degree of surrounding is fixed in the greater trochanter region, so that not only can the fixation of coronal fracture be solved, but also the fixation of sagittal fracture can be solved, and a three-dimensional fixing mode can be achieved, and the fixing mode can solve the problem that not only the fracture between the trochanter and the trochanter is separated in the fracture;

in addition, the large rotor is wrapped at the near end of the bone fracture plate, so that the mechanical dispersion can be achieved as much as possible, the stress concentration is avoided, the damage to local tissues is reduced as much as possible, a good fracture repair environment is created, and the fracture healing is promoted.

Further, the proximal end wraps more than 30% of the surface area of the greater trochanter, such as 35%, 45%, 55%, 60%, 70% or 80% of the surface area of the greater trochanter, and the proximal end of the bone plate can fully wrap the greater trochanter to achieve the expected use purpose; the specific shape of the proximal end of the bone fracture plate can be various, for example, the proximal end is in a palm shape, and a plurality of convex parts are designed at one end of the proximal end far away from the distal end; the proximal end may also be spherical, etc. One skilled in the art can design the desired proximal end of the bone plate taking into account the location of the fracture, the bone characteristics, and the stress distribution. Preferably, the bone plate has a palm-shaped proximal end and a plurality of projections are formed on the proximal end away from the distal end.

Furthermore, the near end is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes, and the axes of the first fixing holes are not completely parallel, so that the first screws arranged in the first fixing holes are implanted to form cross locking on the fracture part, the plate withdrawing of the bone fracture plate is prevented, the fixing effect of the internal fixing system for the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur is improved, and the small fracture block is fixed.

The distribution of the first fixing holes at the proximal end can take the distribution position of the small fracture blocks, the position of the fracture, the bone characteristics and the stress distribution characteristics into consideration, and the person skilled in the art can design the fixing holes according to the actual requirements. Preferably, the first fixing holes are distributed at one end of the bone plate far away from the far end, and the number of the first fixing holes is preferably more than 2, such as 3, 4, 5 or 6, and the number of the first fixing holes is selected according to the size of the near end of the bone plate, and the centers of the plurality of first fixing holes are not on the same straight line. The number of the first fixing holes is preferably 3, and the connecting line of the centers of the 3 first fixing holes is triangular.

Preferably, a plurality of the first fixing holes are distributed on two sides of the fracture seam, and the first screws are positioned on two sides of the fracture seam after being implanted, so that the fracture seam can be closed.

Preferably, the distal end is provided with a fourth fixation hole for fixing the distal end of the bone plate. The fourth fixing hole can be a composite hole, a common threaded hole or a universal hole and the like, and different hole types are matched with fourth screws of different types.

Furthermore, a third fixing hole is formed in the joint of the near end and the far end, and the third fixing hole is used for placing a lag screw. For fractures, lag screws serve as a support.

Preferably, the position of the near end close to the far end is also provided with at least two second fixing holes, and preferably, the at least two second fixing holes and the third fixing hole are distributed in a triangular shape, so that the second screws and the tension screws arranged in the second fixing holes play a role in tension protection, the strong fixation of the fracture position is realized, and the cervical shaft angle is determined. Preferably, the axes of the at least two second fixing holes have an included angle, which improves the locking effect and contributes to the stability of the bone plate; in addition, the second fixing hole can disperse stress.

Preferably, the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are ball socket holes, so that a doctor can conveniently select a proper angle to fix the small bone blocks in operation.

Further, the internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture further comprises a lag screw; the lag screw passes through the third fixed orifices and implants in the bone, plays the supporting role.

The lag screw can be a common lag screw and comprises a head part and a rod part, wherein the size of the head part can be larger than that of the third fixing hole, so that the fixation between the lag screw and the bone fracture plate is ensured; the section of the rod part far away from the head part is provided with external threads, and the section of the rod part near the head part is a polished rod to play a role in pressurizing the fracture.

Preferably, the lag screw comprises a first section, a second section and a third section which are connected in sequence, and the first section can be matched with the nut to play a secondary pressurization locking effect; the second and third sections are implanted in bone, preferably with the thread progression of the first and third sections being the same.

The nut comprises a head and a rod, the size of the head is larger than the aperture of the third fixing hole, and the rod is in threaded connection with one end of the lag screw.

The threaded connection between the rod part of the nut and the first section of the lag screw can be in various forms, for example, the first section is of a hollow structure, an internal thread is arranged in the hollow structure, the rod part of the nut is provided with an external thread, and the hollow structure is in threaded connection with the rod part; or the first section is provided with external threads, the rod part of the screw cap is of a hollow structure, internal threads are arranged in the hollow structure, and the external threads are in threaded connection with the internal threads in the hollow structure; the connection between the nut rod part and the first section of the lag screw can be in other forms, and the connection can play a role in secondary pressurization and lag screw fixation. Preferably, the rod part is of a hollow structure, and a thread is arranged in the hollow structure; the hollow structure is connected with the first section of the screw thread.

The internal fixation system for femoral trochanter fracture, provided by the utility model, has the advantages that the tension screw and the nut are matched for use, the nut extrudes the bone fracture plate (the bone fracture plate is a resistance plate) in the process of screwing the nut, the tension screw is pulled out, the compression on the fracture end is realized, and the closure of the fracture seam is facilitated.

Furthermore, in order to facilitate the smooth insertion of the rod part of the nut into the third fixing hole, the rod part is provided with a plurality of axial notches, namely the rod part of the nut is of an elastic thin structure and has certain elasticity, so that the nut can be conveniently pressed into the bone fracture plate to be connected with the lag screw.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the nut rod part from withdrawing from the third fixing hole after being connected with the lag screw, the circumferential direction of one end, away from the head, of the nut rod part is provided with a withdrawing-preventing boss, and the reliability of a product is also improved due to the design of the withdrawing-preventing boss.

Furthermore, the third fixing hole is a light hole, and a gap is formed between the rod part and the third fixing hole. An overly hard lock can cause nail breakage and, in addition, when the femoral trochanteric fracture internal fixation system is too hard, a low strain environment can be created where fracture non-union or delayed union can occur. In the use process of the internal fixing system for femoral trochanter fracture, a gap is reserved between the screw cap and the bone fracture plate, and the angle of the shaft neck can be lost by 5-10 degrees, so that the relatively stable fixing technology is beneficial to promoting the formation of callus and healing of fracture.

Further, the internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture further comprises a first screw disposed in the first fixation hole; a second screw disposed in the second fixing hole; and a fourth screw disposed in the fourth fixing hole.

The use method of the femoral trochanter fracture internal fixation system comprises the following steps:

implanting a bone fracture plate into a proper position, drilling a bottom hole by using a combined reamer, then tapping by using a tension nail screw tap, and finally implanting a tension screw to fix a part of large bone blocks; after the lag screw penetrates through the fracture line, a nut at the tail part of the lag screw is screwed, the nut extrudes the bone plate (the bone plate is a resistance plate at the moment), and the lag screw is pulled out; the head of the tension screw plays a role in tension pressurization on the fracture section, and after the tension is pressurized to a certain degree, the nut at the tail part locks the tension screw; finally, the first screw, the second screw and the fourth screw are implanted, so that the femoral trochanter fracture is fixed. The first screw, the second screw and the fourth screw are implanted in no specific sequence, and an operator can select the implantation sequence of the screws according to needs.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur comprises a bone plate 1, a first screw 4, a second screw 5, a lag screw 2, a fourth screw and a nut 3.

The bone plate 1 comprises a proximal end 11 and a distal end 12; the proximal end 11 is palm-shaped, wraps the greater trochanter 6 and is in a three-dimensional structure; preferably, the proximal end 11 covers more than 50% of the surface area of the greater trochanter 6, such as 55%, 60%, 70%, or 80% of the surface area of the greater trochanter 6.

The end of the proximal end 11 of the bone plate 1 remote from the distal end 12 is provided with 3 first fixing holes 111, and the axes of the 3 first fixing holes 111 are not completely parallel, so that the first screws 4 in the first fixing holes 111 are in a cross-locking state after being implanted.

One end of the proximal end 11 close to the distal end 12 is provided with 2 second fixing holes 112, and second screws 5 are arranged in the second fixing holes 112.

A third fixing hole 13 is arranged at the joint of the proximal end 11 and the distal end 12, and the third fixing hole 13 is a light hole.

The distal end 12 is provided with a fourth fixing hole 121, and a fourth screw is provided in the fourth fixing hole 121, the number of the fourth fixing holes 121 is 3 in this embodiment, the fourth fixing holes 121 are all composite holes, and the fourth screw can be matched with the composite holes.

The lag screw 2 comprises a first section 21, a second section 22 and a third section 23 which are connected in sequence, wherein the first section 21 and the third section 23 are both threaded sections, and the thread processes are the same; the second section 22 is a polished rod section.

The nut 3 comprises a head part 31 and a rod part 32, wherein the rod part 32 is of a hollow structure, and an internal thread 35 is arranged in the hollow structure; a plurality of axial notches 33 are arranged on the axis of the rod part 32, namely the rod part 32 of the nut 3 is of an elastic thin structure, and the rod part 32 has certain elasticity, so that the rod part is conveniently pressed into the bone fracture plate 1 to be connected with the lag screw 2; an anti-back boss 34 is circumferentially arranged at one end of the rod part 32 of the nut 3, which is far away from the head part 31;

the lag screw 2 is implanted into the bone through the third fixing hole 13, the rod part 32 of the nut 3 is in threaded connection with the first section 21, and a certain gap is formed between the connected part and the third fixing hole 13.

The use method of the internal fixing system for femoral trochanter fracture comprises the following steps:

implanting the bone fracture plate 1 into a proper position, drilling a bottom hole by using a combined reamer, then tapping by using a lag screw tap, and finally implanting a lag screw 2 to realize the fixation of partial big bone blocks; after the lag screw 2 penetrates through the fracture line, the nut 3 at the tail part of the lag screw 2 is screwed, the nut 3 extrudes the bone fracture plate 1 (at the moment, the bone fracture plate 1 is a resistance plate), and the lag screw 2 is pulled out; the head 31 of the lag screw 2 plays a role in tension pressurization on the fracture section, and after the fracture section is pressurized to a certain degree, the nut 3 at the tail part locks the lag screw 2; finally, the first screw, the second screw and the fourth screw are implanted, so that the femoral trochanter fracture is fixed. The first screw, the second screw and the fourth screw are implanted in no specific sequence, and an operator can select the implantation sequence of the screws according to needs.

In conclusion, the internal fixing system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture provided by the utility model ensures that the fixation of the greater trochanter region has a certain degree of surrounding, so that not only can the fixation of coronal fracture be achieved, but also the fixation of sagittal fracture can be achieved, and thus the three-dimensional fixation is achieved; the internal fixation system can be suitable for the fixation of fracture with the phenomena of not only the fracture between the cistrona but also the separation between the front and the back in the fracture; the small fracture block can be wrapped, and a temporary supporting effect can be achieved for fixing the small fracture block;

the first fixing holes arranged at the near end of the bone fracture plate can fix small bone fracture blocks and achieve the dispersion of mechanics, so that the internal fixing system has no stress concentration; the plurality of first fixing holes are distributed on two sides of the fracture seam, so that the fracture seam can be closed;

the second fixing holes and the third fixing holes arranged at the near end of the bone fracture plate are distributed in a triangular shape, so that the stability of the bone fracture plate and the dispersion of stress are facilitated;

according to the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture, when the nut is screwed, the nut extrudes the bone plate (the bone plate is a resistance plate), the tension screw is pulled out, the compression on the fracture end is realized, and the closure of the fracture joint is facilitated; a gap is reserved between the screw cap and the third fixing hole of the bone fracture plate, and a part of the cervical shaft angle can be lost in the using process, so that the relatively stable fixing technology is favorable for promoting the formation of callus and the healing of fracture;

in addition, the internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur can reduce the damage of local tissues, create a good fracture repair environment and promote the healing of bones.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the utility model. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fracture of femur, which is characterized in that: the bone fracture plate comprises a near end and a far end, wherein the near end is wrapped by a large rotor and is of a three-dimensional structure; a third fixing hole is formed at the joint of the near end and the far end; the position of the near end close to the far end is also provided with at least two second fixing holes, and the at least two second fixing holes and the third fixing holes are distributed in a triangular shape.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the proximal end covers more than 30% of the surface area of the greater trochanter.

3. The internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture of claim 1, wherein the proximal end is provided with a first plurality of fixation holes whose axes are not completely parallel.

4. The internal femoral intertrochanteric fracture fixation system of claim 1, further comprising a lag screw; the lag screw passes through the third fixed hole and is implanted in the bone.

5. The system of claim 4, further comprising a nut having a head and a shaft, wherein the head is larger than the third fixation hole, and the shaft is in threaded engagement with one end of the lag screw.

6. The internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture of claim 5, wherein the lag screw comprises a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment connected in series; the rod part is of a hollow structure, and threads are arranged in the hollow structure; the hollow structure is connected with the first section of the screw thread.

7. The femoral intertrochanteric fracture internal fixation system of claim 6, wherein the stem is provided with a plurality of axial notches.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the stem portion is provided with a retaining boss at an end of the stem portion remote from the head portion.

9. The internal fixation system for femoral intertrochanteric fracture of claim 5, wherein the third fixation hole is a smooth hole and a gap is provided between the rod portion and the third fixation hole.

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