CN216362249U - Bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger - Google Patents

Bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216362249U
CN216362249U CN202121222127.XU CN202121222127U CN216362249U CN 216362249 U CN216362249 U CN 216362249U CN 202121222127 U CN202121222127 U CN 202121222127U CN 216362249 U CN216362249 U CN 216362249U
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unit
detection module
bridge
alternating current
power grid
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扬卫
其他发明人请求不公开姓名
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Jiangsu Mailuo Electric Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger technology, which comprises a main topological structure, a control circuit module, an action mode of a switching tube and the like; the utility model can be used for converting alternating current electric energy at the power grid side into direct current electric energy and converting the direct current electric energy into the alternating current electric energy to be transmitted to the power grid or independently inverted to a special load for use, thereby realizing the bidirectional flow of power; in the power transmission process, the input or output current and the voltage of the power grid are in the same frequency and phase, the THD of the output or input current is less than 3%, and the interference of the power converter module on the power grid is effectively reduced; the intelligent control of the double closed loops of the current loop and the voltage loop can be applied to the product fields of energy storage type power supply systems or chargers of high-performance new energy vehicles and the like.

Description

Bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric energy conversion device, in particular to a bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger.
Background
The production stop fuel vehicle timetables are successively announced by all government vehicles, the requirements of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems are continuously expanded, and how to improve the charging performance and the safety of chargers of the new energy vehicles and energy storage products becomes the key point for the development of all manufacturers.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a simple-structure, intelligent and efficient bidirectional electric energy converter device which can convert alternating-current electric energy of a power grid into direct-current electric energy and convert the direct-current electric energy into the alternating-current electric energy to be merged into the power grid or directly supplied to a load, aiming at the defects of the prior art and the future market demand.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following measures: a bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger comprises an alternating current side and a direct current side, wherein the alternating current side is a power grid or a special load, the direct current side is a capacitor or a battery and the like connected with stored electric energy, a main circuit and a control circuit are further arranged between the alternating current side and the direct current side, and the bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger mainly comprises an LCL topology module, an alternating current detection module, an alternating voltage detection module, a direct current side sampling module, a single-phase full bridge unit, a special processor unit, a pulse converter unit and a central processor unit.
The bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger is characterized in that: two ends of an alternating current side are connected with ends 1 and 4 of an LCL topological unit, an end 2 of the LCL topological unit is connected with an end L1out of an alternating current detection module, the other end of the alternating current detection module is connected with Vac _ L of a single-phase full-bridge unit, an end 3 of the LCL topological unit is connected with Vac _ N of the single-phase full-bridge unit, and output ends Vdc + and Vdc-of the single-phase full-bridge unit are connected with positive and negative ends of a direct current side and connected with two ends of a direct current side sampling module; two ends of the alternating current side are connected with the L end and the N end of the alternating voltage detection module; the system comprises an alternating current detection module, an alternating voltage detection module, a direct current side sampling module and an alternating voltage detection module, wherein the alternating current detection module is connected to a central processing unit, the central processing unit is divided into two paths to output a control bus 1 and a control bus 2 respectively, the control bus 1, the power grid voltage and the power grid current are connected to a special processor unit and output driving pulse signals after being processed, the control bus 2, the driving pulse signals output by the special processor unit and zero-crossing detection signals of the alternating voltage detection module are connected to a pulse converter unit and generate four paths of driving signals which are connected to PWM1, PWM2, PWM3 and PWM4 of a single-phase full-bridge unit respectively.
The LCL topological unit is characterized in that the LCL circuit unit consists of an inductor L1, a capacitor C1 and an inductor L2, one end of the C1 is connected with the L1, and the other end of the C1 is connected with the L2; the single-phase full-bridge unit is characterized in that a full-bridge circuit consists of two bridge arms and a capacitor C2, wherein the first bridge arm is formed by connecting a Q1 and a Q2 up and down, and the second bridge arm is formed by connecting a Q3 and a Q4 up and down; one end of Q1 is connected with the DC bus Vdc +, the other end is connected with Q2 and Vac _ L, and the other end of Q2 is connected with the DC bus Vdc-; one end of Q3 is connected with the DC bus Vdc +, the other end is connected with Q4 and Vac _ N, and the other end of Q4 is connected with the DC bus Vdc-; c2 is connected to Vdc + at one end and to Vdc-at the other end. Q1 and Q3 contain silicon carbide body diodes or are connected in parallel with silicon carbide diodes, and Q2 and Q4 are silicon carbide or potassium carbide power devices and contain body diodes or parallel diodes, respectively. The four power devices of Q1 and Q2, and Q3 and Q4 act in different modes. In the feed mode of operation, Q1 and Q3 alternate in complementary fashion at power frequency hertz, and Q2 and Q4 alternate in high frequency operation, as shown in fig. 5. In the charging mode of operation, Q1 and Q3 are locked and do not act, and Q2 and Q4 alternate in half cycle and high frequency action and alternate in the other half cycle and are always on, as shown in FIG. 6. In the discharge operation mode, Q1 and Q2 perform complementary high-frequency actions up and down, Q3 and Q4 perform complementary high-frequency actions up and down, Q1 and Q4 are synchronized, and Q2 and Q3 are synchronized, as shown in fig. 7.
The special processor unit simultaneously realizes two functions of grid-connected inversion and rectification, and two closed-loop controllers of current or voltage can be built through a peripheral circuit, such as UC2854 but not limited to the model.
The pulse converter unit is realized by logic gate discrete device building or CPLD programming, and has the function of converting one path of driving signals into four paths of driving signals to be distributed to four power devices in the full-bridge unit.
The central processing unit is a programmable digital signal processor, such as but not limited to a TMS28 series processor, and serves as a control processing center of the whole system, and a central control unit for executing data analysis processing and control instructions of each module unit in the system.
Compared with the prior art, the bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger provided by the utility model has the following advantages that: the utility model realizes three functional requirements by using the simplest main topological circuit structure, wherein the first one is to perform grid-connected inversion on direct current electric energy to a power grid, generally called feeding, namely the direct current electric energy on a direct current side is converted into alternating current electric energy with the same frequency and phase as the power grid and is transmitted to the power grid side, the total harmonic distortion rate and the power factor of grid-connected current can meet the national standard requirement, the total harmonic distortion rate of the current is less than 3%, and the power factor is 1; secondly, the alternating current energy at the power grid side is converted to the direct current side, generally called charging, namely the alternating current energy at the power grid side is charged to the direct current side, the total harmonic distortion rate and the power factor of the charging current can meet the national standard requirements, the total harmonic distortion rate of the current is less than 3%, and the power factor is-1; and thirdly, converting direct current electric energy into alternating current electric energy for loads, generally called discharging, namely, converting the electric energy stored at a direct current side into alternating current electric energy for supplying power to special loads by inverting the alternating current of output sine waves, wherein the total harmonic distortion rate of the output alternating current voltage waveform is less than 5%, and the requirements of all alternating current loads are met. The utility model has the advantages that the three functions are realized, and the instantaneous flexible switching among feeding, charging and discharging is realized, so that the energy management requirements of users are met. The utility model is an intelligent, high-efficiency, high-reliability, low-cost and multifunctional electric energy conversion technology, and has wide application prospect in energy storage and new energy automobile systems.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a topology of an LCL unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the topology of a single-phase full-bridge cell according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the voltage-current closed loop control of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the driving pulses of the full-bridge power device in the feeding operation mode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of driving pulses of the full-bridge power device in the charging operation mode according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of driving pulses of the full-bridge power device in the discharging operation mode according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of embodiments is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the system block diagram of the utility model shown in fig. 1, one end of a bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger is connected with an alternating current side such as a power grid or an alternating current load, and the other end of the bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger is connected with a direct current side such as a capacitor or a battery. An intermediate conversion link between an alternating current side and a direct current side comprises an LCL topological unit 1 and a single-phase full-bridge unit 3, wherein the units 1 and 3 form a main loop of the electric energy converter; the converter also comprises an alternating current detection module 2, an alternating voltage detection module 5 and a direct current side sampling module 4, 2, 5 and 4 units which form a sampling circuit part of the whole converter; the central processor 6 and the dedicated processor 7 and the pulse converter 8 form part of the control loop of the overall system.
The LCL topology circuit in the main loop is composed of an inductor L1, a capacitor C1 and an inductor L2 as shown in fig. 2, and the inductor and the capacitor in the circuit have different functions under different power conversion modes. In the feed mode of operation, the inductor and capacitor form an LC filter circuit for the grid-connected output current. In the discharge mode of operation, the inductor and capacitor form an LC filter circuit for the output voltage. In the charging operation mode, the inductor capacitor not only has a smoothing function on the charging current, but also has the functions of a boosting inductor in positive and negative half cycles through L1 and L2.
The single-phase full-bridge circuit in the main loop is shown in fig. 3, the full-bridge circuit consists of two bridge arms and a capacitor C2, the first bridge arm is formed by connecting a Q1 and a Q2 up and down, and the second bridge arm is formed by connecting a Q3 and a Q4 up and down; one end of Q1 is connected with the DC bus Vdc +, the other end is connected with Q2 and Vac _ L, and the other end of Q2 is connected with the DC bus Vdc-; one end of Q3 is connected with the DC bus Vdc +, the other end is connected with Q4 and Vac _ N, and the other end of Q4 is connected with the DC bus Vdc-; c2 has one end connected to Vdc + and the other end connected to Vdc-; q1 and Q3 contain silicon carbide body diodes or are connected in parallel with silicon carbide diodes, and Q2 and Q4 are silicon carbide or potassium carbide power devices and contain body diodes or parallel diodes, respectively. The four power devices of Q1 and Q2, and Q3 and Q4 act in different modes. In the feed mode of operation, Q1 and Q3 alternate in complementary fashion at power frequency hertz, and Q2 and Q4 alternate in high frequency operation, as shown in fig. 5. In the charging mode of operation, Q1 and Q3 are locked and do not act, and Q2 and Q4 alternate in half cycle and high frequency action and alternate in the other half cycle and are always on, as shown in FIG. 6. In the discharge operation mode, Q1 and Q2 perform complementary high-frequency actions up and down, Q3 and Q4 perform complementary high-frequency actions up and down, Q1 and Q4 are synchronized, and Q2 and Q3 are synchronized, as shown in fig. 7.
The system control block diagram shown in fig. 1 further includes a sampling circuit. 2. The system comprises three sampling modules, wherein the three sampling modules are 4 and 5, the alternating current detection module 2 is used for acquiring the current value of an alternating current side, the direct current side sampling module 4 is used for acquiring the voltage and the current value required by the direct current side, the alternating voltage detection module 5 is used for acquiring the alternating voltage value and forming positive and negative half-cycle square wave signals at the zero-crossing moment of a power grid, and all sampling signals are isolated from a main loop.
All voltage, current and zero-crossing square wave signals collected by the sampling circuit are sent to the central processing unit 6 to participate in control and necessary calculation, the central processing unit adopts a digital signal processor of TMS28 series model manufactured by TI company, the speed in the aspects of analog-to-digital conversion, data operation processing, PWM pulse interruption control and the like can meet the requirements, the switching frequency can be controlled between 15kHz and 100kHz, and the switching frequency can be properly adjusted according to the model of the adopted power device. A part of the data processed by the unit 6 is used for communication interaction and also participates in the control of the special processor 7 and the pulse transformer 8 via the bus 1 and the bus 2.
The alternating voltage and alternating current values in the sampled signal after being processed by the necessary modulation circuit are sent to a special processor unit 7 to participate in the instantaneous control of the current in the feeding or charging mode. The 7 units adopt a special processor with power factor correction function. The driving pulse signal output after the closed loop processing is used for driving different power devices by the unit 6 according to different working modes so as to realize different functional requirements.
The sampling signal is processed by a necessary modulation circuit, a power grid zero-crossing square wave signal in the sampling signal is sent to a pulse converter unit 8, the pulse converter unit 8 is built by using logic gate circuits such as an AND gate, an OR gate, a NOT gate and the like according to different combinations, input signals are the power grid zero-crossing square wave signal and a high-frequency driving pulse signal output by a unit 7, two paths of signals are processed by the unit 8 and then four paths of driving signals are output, and the four paths of driving signals have three action modes shown in a figure 5, a figure 6 and a figure 7. The specific way to output to drive the power device is controlled by the central processor unit 6 as a whole.
The embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the drawings, the structures given by the examples are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger comprises an AC side and a DC side, wherein the AC side is a power grid or a special load, the DC side is a capacitor or a battery for storing electric energy, a main circuit and a control circuit are also arranged between the AC side and the DC side, the main circuit comprises an LCL topology module, an AC current detection module, an AC voltage detection module, a DC side sampling module, a single-phase full-bridge unit, a special processor unit, a pulse converter unit and a central processor unit,
the method is characterized in that: two ends of the alternating current side are connected with ends 1 and 4 of the LCL topological unit, an end 2 of the LCL topological unit is connected with an end L1out of the alternating current detection module, the other end of the alternating current detection module is connected with a Vac _ L of the single-phase full-bridge unit, an end 3 of the LCL topological unit is connected with a Vac _ N of the single-phase full-bridge unit, and output ends Vdc + and Vdc-of the single-phase full-bridge unit are connected with positive and negative ends of the direct current side and connected with two ends of the direct current side sampling module; two ends of the alternating current side are connected with the L end and the N end of the input side of the alternating voltage detection module; the system comprises an alternating current detection module, an alternating voltage detection module, a direct current side sampling module and an alternating voltage detection module, wherein the alternating current detection module is connected to a central processing unit, the central processing unit is divided into two paths to output a control bus 1 and a control bus 2 respectively, the control bus 1, the power grid voltage and the power grid current are connected to a special processor unit and output driving pulse signals after being processed, the control bus 2, the driving pulse signals output by the special processor unit and zero-crossing detection signals of the alternating voltage detection module are connected to a pulse converter unit and generate four paths of driving signals which are connected to PWM1, PWM2, PWM3 and PWM4 of a single-phase full-bridge unit respectively.
2. The bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the LCL circuit unit consists of an inductor L1, a capacitor C1 and an inductor L2, wherein one end of the C1 is connected with L1, and the other end of the C1 is connected with L2; the full-bridge circuit is composed of two bridge arms respectively, wherein the first bridge arm is formed by connecting Q1 and Q2 up and down, and the second bridge arm is formed by connecting Q3 and Q4 up and down; one end of Q1 is connected with the DC bus Vdc +, the other end is connected with Q2 and Vac _ L, and the other end of Q2 is connected with the DC bus Vdc-; one end of Q3 is connected with the DC bus Vdc +, the other end is connected with Q4 and Vac _ N, and the other end of Q4 is connected with the DC bus Vdc-; q1 and Q3 contain silicon carbide body diodes or are connected in parallel with silicon carbide diodes, and Q2 and Q4 are silicon carbide or potassium carbide power devices and contain body diodes or parallel diodes, respectively.
3. The bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dedicated processor unit builds two closed loop controllers of current or voltage.
4. The bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pulse converter is realized by building an AND gate, an OR gate and a NOT gate logic gate or programming a CPLD, and has the function of converting one path of driving signals into four paths of driving signals to drive four power devices in the full-bridge unit.
5. The vehicle-mounted bidirectional multifunctional charger according to claim 1, wherein the central processor is a programmable digital signal processor.
CN202121222127.XU 2021-06-02 2021-06-02 Bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger Active CN216362249U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202121222127.XU CN216362249U (en) 2021-06-02 2021-06-02 Bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202121222127.XU CN216362249U (en) 2021-06-02 2021-06-02 Bidirectional multifunctional vehicle-mounted charger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN216362249U true CN216362249U (en) 2022-04-22

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Effective date of registration: 20231218

Address after: 215000 East of Zizi Street and South of Jincang Street in Jinchang New City, Gusu District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province (Room 301, Suzhou New City Investment International Logistics Building)

Patentee after: Jiangsu Mailuo Electric Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 215129 No. 25 Muqiao street, Huqiu District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Patentee before: Han Xinjian