CN216317827U - Tubular bone inner wall osteotomy device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tubular bone inner wall osteotome, comprising: a hollow tube member having one end disposed within the tubular bone and a connecting means for assisting in securing the hollow tube member within the tubular bone, the hollow tube member being proximal to the open end of the tubular bone and the connecting means being proximal to the closed end of the tubular bone; and arrange in eccentric post in the hollow pipe spare, slide through slider set up in osteotome in the hollow pipe spare with be located opening on the hollow pipe spare pipe wall, eccentric post is to being close during the direction displacement of osteotome, it is right the osteotome takes place to interfere, drives the osteotome to open-ended direction displacement to make the osteotome stretch out outside the hollow pipe spare, cut the bone operation to tubular bone. The utility model solves the problems of much exposure of peripheral soft tissues, much bleeding, periosteal annular separation and damage, easy damage of peripheral important nerve and blood vessels, slow recovery, bone nonunion complications and the like in the tubular osteotomy operation, and achieves the technical effect of reducing the tissue wound to the minimum degree.

Description

Tubular bone inner wall osteotomy device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to a tubular bone inner wall osteotomy device.

Background

In orthopedic surgery, tubular bones are often required to be cut off, such as femur, tibia and humerus angulation deformity correction, tibia heightening and lengthening, lumbar tumor vertebral body accessory total-resection pedicle cutting, lumbar pedicle lengthening and the like. The current operation method is to expose the outer side wall of the tubular bone part and cut the bone by using an osteotome or a fretsaw, and has the problems of large wound, much damaged periosteum, easy damage to peripheral important nerve vessels and the like.

For example, with the increasing aging of society, the incidence of lumbar spinal stenosis is increasing, the elderly are difficult to undergo major surgery, the elderly at great general anesthesia risk are increasing, and minimally invasive treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis is an urgent problem. The minimally invasive pedicle extension operation can achieve the purpose of expanding the central spinal canal, the lateral crypt and the intervertebral foramen by extending the pedicle, can be carried out without cutting vertebral plates and treating intervertebral spaces, can be carried out under local anesthesia, and is a minimally invasive frontier operation mode for treating senile lumbar spinal stenosis; the pedicle lengthening operation needs to cut bones from the inner wall of the pedicle outwards, and the hard capsule, nerves and important blood vessels are easily damaged by cutting the bones in a side wall needle point-like annular shape, so that the popularization of the operation is limited.

For example, some patients have congenital femur varus deformity, which causes great confusion on the appearance and life of the patients and needs to correct the shape of the femur, however, in the existing femur deformity correction, a cut is made at the femoral cut and the femoral cut is performed at the cut, which has the defects of large cut, high tissue destruction degree and easy damage to important vascular nerves, while minimally invasive surgery is a common development trend in the clinical field at present and is a direction to be broken in the femur deformity correction.

For example, old legs of people are old first, knee joint varus deformity in knee joint degenerative diseases is more and more common, and high tibial osteotomy in knee protection surgery of old people needs osteotomy correction, however, in the existing high tibial osteotomy, a wound is formed at the high tibial osteotomy, and osteotomy operation is performed at the wound, so that the operation difficulty is high, the tissue damage degree is high, important angioneurotic nerves are easily damaged, and the probability of bone non-healing exists after surgery, but the minimally invasive surgery is a common development trend in the clinical field at present and is also a direction in which the high tibial osteotomy needs to be broken.

The utility model discloses a tubular bone inner wall osteotome, which provides that the bone cutting from the inside to the outside of a bone marrow cavity can be applied to intramedullary nail fixation, pedicle extension screw fixation, external fixing frame fixation, percutaneous internal support steel plate fixation and the like after the tubular bone cutting, the bone cutting from the inside to the outside of a cancellous bone cavity can avoid exposing and drawing important nerve vessels, the problem that the bone cutting cannot be carried out due to the shielding of nerve vessels at special parts is avoided, blunt bone cutting can also realize the osteotomy under the periosteum which retains all or part of the periosteum, and a blunt distance limiting osteotome does not usually puncture the periosteum after the osteotome cuts the bone wall, and the puncture effect can be only produced without damaging the nerve vessels even if the puncture of the periosteum meets the nerve vessels, namely, the tissue trauma and the osteotomy risk can be reduced to the minimum degree by the bone cutting from the inside to the outside of the tubular bone, and the tubular bone inner wall osteotome has important significance for the orthopedic minimally invasive technology.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a tubular bone inner wall osteotomy device to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a tubular endosseous osteotome, comprising:

a hollow tube member having one end disposed within the tubular bone and a connecting means for assisting in securing the hollow tube member within the tubular bone, the hollow tube member being proximal to the open end of the tubular bone and the connecting means being proximal to the closed end of the tubular bone;

and arrange in eccentric post in the hollow pipe spare, slide through slider set up in osteotome in the hollow pipe spare with be located opening on the hollow pipe spare pipe wall, eccentric post is to being close during the direction displacement of osteotome, it is right the osteotome takes place to interfere, drives the osteotome to open-ended direction displacement to make the osteotome stretch out outside the hollow pipe spare, cut the bone operation to tubular bone.

Preferably, eccentric post is including keeping away from the column body section of osteotome end and being close the eccentric section of osteotome end, eccentric section is the taper structure, the osteotome middle part with the position that eccentric section corresponds is provided with the through-hole, eccentric post is to being close during the direction displacement of osteotome, in the eccentric section stretched into the through-hole, utilized the taper structure to drive the osteotome translation.

Preferably, one or more side surfaces of the eccentric section are smooth cambered surfaces.

Preferably, the column body section is an ellipse cylinder or a symmetrical polygonal column, the inner wall of the hollow pipe fitting is attached to the column body section, and the eccentric column is turned along the axial direction of the hollow pipe fitting and used for driving the osteotome to extend out or retract into the hollow pipe fitting.

Preferably, slider is including being used for supporting the osteotome base of osteotome and being located the spout at osteotome base middle part, the osteotome is arranged in the spout, the one end of spout extend to with the opening intercommunication, the osteotome receives during the power of eccentric post, along the spout translation.

Preferably, the osteotome is a prism, and the thickness of the osteotome near the opening end is less than the thickness of the osteotome far away from the opening end.

Preferably, one end of the osteotome near the opening is provided with a pattern, and the edge of the pattern is a smooth arc.

Preferably, the connecting device is a column, and the column is connected with the hollow pipe fitting or integrally formed and is used for extending into the tubular bone to support the hollow pipe fitting.

Preferably, the diameter of the cross section of the column is m, the diameter of the outer ring of the cross section of the hollow pipe fitting is n, and m is smaller than n.

Preferably, the hollow pipe fitting is provided with a handle at one end far away from the connecting device, and the eccentric column is provided with a knocking platform at one end outside the hollow pipe fitting.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the utility model discloses an osteotome for the inner wall of a tubular bone, which provides that the osteotome from the inside of a marrow cavity to the outside can be applied to intramedullary nail fixation after the tubular bone is osteotomed, the osteotome from the inside of a cancellous bone cavity to the outside can avoid exposing and drawing important nerve vessels, and the condition that the osteotome cannot be carried out due to the shielding of the nerve vessels at special parts is avoided; when the intramedullary nail is applied to the femur truncation in the femur deformity correction or the tibia truncation in the tibia heightening and lengthening operation, the integrally formed column piece and the hollow pipe piece are arranged into a structure with the same shape as the intramedullary nail, and the hollow pipe piece is fixed by combining a handle; use when the pedicle of vertebral arch in the lumbar vertebrae pedicle of vertebral arch extension art cuts, use with pedicle of vertebral arch extension screw device is supporting, utilize hollow screw location among the pedicle of vertebral arch extension device to cut the bone plane and stabilize hollow tube spare, utilize the point type striking power in the twinkling of an eye when striking, strike the eccentric column, drive the osteotome and act on the inner wall of tubulose bone, cut the bone in certain point position of tubulose bone, after certain point position of tubulose bone is punctured, rotatory and carry out the osteotomy operation to the next point position of tubulose bone coplanar, until tubulose cortex of bone fracture completely. The osteotomy mode cuts bones from the cancellous bone cavity to the outside, has little damage to the outer periosteum, is equivalent to the osteotomy under the periosteum, and is very favorable for bone healing; the carving type instant point-type knocking force is labor-saving and safe, and bone fracture or surrounding tissue penetrating injury caused by sudden piercing feeling can be avoided; the osteotome is wedge-shaped blunt, even if the osteotome partially breaks the periosteum, the osteotome can only be temporarily pushed when meeting the nerve vessels without causing damage; different osteotomies correspond to different osteotome models, and the osteotomes of different models are suitable for different tube cavity diameters and cortical bone thicknesses; after the osteotome is stabilized on a position plane after entering the medullary cavity, the annular osteotomy can not be dislocated; the osteotome extending operation can be completed under the side perspective monitoring, whether the bone cortex is broken and the amount of the bone cortex can be monitored, the osteotome can cut bones in a tube cavity in a 360-degree rotating mode, the osteotome can be detected in an extending state in a rotating mode when the bone cutting is completed, and the osteotome is completed when the osteotome is not blocked for 360 degrees or the tail end of the tubular bone shakes. The osteotomy mode has extremely high safety and effectiveness, and is beneficial to use and popularization in minimally invasive osteotomy.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tubular endosseous osteotomy in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an intramedullary nail implanted in a femur in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pedicle screw being placed into a pedicle of a vertebral arch in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken at B-B in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tubular endosseum osteotomy instrument in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in use with a screw;

in the figure: a hollow pipe fitting 1;

a connecting device 2;

an eccentric column 3, a column section 3-1, an eccentric section 3-2 and a smooth arc surface 3-3;

the bone chisel 4, the through hole 4-1 and the pattern 4-2;

an opening 5;

the bone chisel comprises a sliding device 6, an osteotome base 6-1 and a chute 6-2;

a handle 7;

knocking the platform 8;

the femur comprises a femur 9, a femur proximal end 9-1, an intramedullary nail 9-2 and a first long hole 9-3;

10 parts of lumbar vertebra, 10-1 parts of vertebral pedicle, 10-2 parts of vertebral pedicle screw and 10-3 parts of second long hole;

and a screw 11.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b): the utility model provides a tubular bone inner wall osteotome, in the osteotomy of a tubular bone, firstly, the tubular bone is cut off, then a bone connecting device (such as an intramedullary nail) is placed into an intramedullary cavity of two or more sections of the cut bone, and the cut bone is spliced, the osteotome cuts the bone inner wall by using the position of the intramedullary cavity for placing the bone connecting device in the existing operation and under the assistance of perspective equipment, in particular, as shown in figure 1, the tubular bone inner wall osteotome comprises a hollow pipe fitting 1 with one end placed in the tubular bone and a connecting device 2 for assisting the hollow pipe fitting 1 to be firmly fixed in the tubular bone, the hollow pipe fitting 1 is close to the open end of the tubular bone, and the connecting device 2 is close to the closed end of the tubular bone.

For example, in the deformity correction of the femur 9, as shown in fig. 2, an opening is needed from the proximal end 9-1 of the femur, and a first long hole 9-3 suitable for driving the intramedullary nail 9-2 is opened at the opening, the osteotome uses the space of the first long hole 9-3 to perform osteotomy from the inner wall of the femur 9, and since the inner wall of the femur 9 is not smooth and flat, the intramedullary nail 9-2 is not a straight structure, but a rod-shaped structure with a certain radian, the outer wall structure of the corresponding hollow tube 1 inserted into the first long hole 9-3 is the same as that of the intramedullary nail 9-2, so that when the hollow tube 1 is inserted into the femur, the inner wall of the femur itself will have a certain fixing effect on the hollow tube 1, and when the hollow tube 1 is pulled and fixed again by the connecting device 2 also inserted into the first long hole 9-3, the hollow pipe fitting 1 is stably arranged in the first long hole 9-3, then the osteotomy device in the hollow pipe fitting 1 is utilized to perform the osteotomy operation on the pedicle of vertebral arch 9-1, and the diameter of the outer wall of the hollow pipe fitting 1 is 6 mm-13 mm when corresponding tibia and femur are osteotomy.

For example, in the process of pedicle truncation in lumbar vertebra 10 pedicle extension, as shown in fig. 3, a second long hole 10-3 suitable for driving a pedicle screw 10-2 is arranged in a pedicle 10-1, the osteotomy device performs osteotomy from the inner wall of the pedicle 10-1 by using the space of the second long hole 10-3, namely, the hollow pipe fitting 1 and the connecting device 2 are arranged in the second long hole 10-3, the osteotomy device in the hollow pipe fitting 1 is used for performing osteotomy operation on the pedicle 9-1, and when the corresponding pedicle is subjected to osteotomy, the diameter of the outer wall of the hollow pipe fitting 1 is 5 mm-7 mm.

Referring to fig. 1, a specific structure for performing osteotomy includes an eccentric column 3 disposed in a hollow tube 1, an osteotome 4 slidably disposed in the hollow tube 1 via a sliding device 6, and an opening 5 formed in a wall of the hollow tube 1, wherein when the eccentric column 3 is displaced in a direction approaching the osteotome 4, the osteotome 4 is interfered to move the osteotome 4 in a direction approaching the opening 5, and the osteotome 4 is extended out of the hollow tube 1 to perform osteotomy of a tubular bone, and when the osteotomy is performed, an instantaneous point-type striking force is used to perform point striking on an end of the eccentric column 3 away from the osteotome 4, so that the eccentric column 3 is moved in a direction approaching the osteotome 4 to displace the osteotome 4 in a direction extending out of the opening 5 at a multi-frequency and small displacement, and the osteotome 4 is made to act on an inner wall of the tubular bone to cut a certain point of the tubular bone, and then the certain point of the tubular bone is pierced, the osteotome 4 is retracted and the hollow tube 1 is rotated to perform the osteotomy at the next site of the tubular bone until the tubular bone is completely broken.

As shown in fig. 1, further, the structure for performing the osteotomy operation further comprises: the eccentric column 3 comprises a column body section 3-1 far away from the end of the osteotome 4 and an eccentric section 3-2 close to the end of the osteotome 4, the eccentric section 3-2 is of a conical structure, a through hole 4-1 is formed in the middle of the osteotome 4 and corresponds to the eccentric section 3-2, when the eccentric column 3 displaces towards the direction close to the osteotome 4, the eccentric section 3-2 extends into the through hole 4-1, the osteotome 4 is driven to translate by using the conical structure, and as the side wall of the conical structure is of an inclined plane structure, when the conical structure moves downwards, the side wall surface of the conical structure extends into the through hole 4-1, so that the osteotome 4 translates towards the direction extending out of the opening 5;

the specific way to retract the osteotome 4 is: the eccentric column 3 is drawn out of the hollow pipe fitting 1, the eccentric column 3 is turned over along the central axis of the eccentric column 3 in a mirror image mode, then the eccentric column 3 extends into the hollow pipe fitting 1, the position of the eccentric section 3-2 is changed, the eccentric column 3 is knocked towards the direction of the osteotome 4 again, and the osteotome 4 retracts under the action of the conical structure and the through hole 4-1.

As shown in FIG. 1, one or more side surfaces of the eccentric section 3-2 are further provided with smooth cambered surfaces 3-3, so that when the conical structure interferes with the through hole 4-1, the pushing action on the through hole 4-1 is smoother.

As shown in fig. 4, further, in order to prevent the eccentric cylinder 3 from rotating relatively to the hollow pipe 1 during the knocking process, the cylinder section 3-1 is configured as an elliptical cylinder or a symmetrical polygonal cylinder, and the inner wall of the hollow pipe 1 is attached to the cylinder section 3-1.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to control the movement track of the osteotome 4, a sliding device 6 is provided for making the osteotome 4 translatable, and the particular sliding device 6 includes an osteotome base 6-1 for supporting the osteotome 4 and a chute 6-2 located at the middle of the osteotome base 6-1, the osteotome 4 is disposed in the chute 6-2, one end of the chute 6-2 is extended to communicate with the opening 5, and the osteotome 4 is translated along the chute 6-2 when subjected to the force of the eccentric post 3.

Specifically, in order to prevent the osteotome 4 from escaping the slot 6-2, as shown in fig. 1, the osteotome 4 is formed in a prism shape and the thickness of the end of the osteotome 4 near the opening 5 is smaller than the thickness of the end of the osteotome 4 away from the opening 5, so that the thinner end of the osteotome 4 protrudes out of the opening 5 while ensuring that the osteotome 4 has a weight sufficient to cut the inner wall of the tubular bone.

As shown in fig. 5, a pattern 4-2 is further arranged at one end of the osteotome 4 close to the opening 5, and the edge of the pattern 4-2 is a smooth arc, so that the end of the osteotome 4, which acts on the inner wall of the tubular bone, is arranged into a blunt structure, and the osteotome 4 is prevented from being too sharp to cause bone fracture. When the device is applied to pedicle of vertebral arch osteotomy, the part of the osteotomy 4, which can extend out of the opening 5, is provided with models with the width of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm and the like, the extension distance is provided with models with the width of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm and the like, the model of the extendable part is generally 3mm in width and 1mm or 2mm in extension distance when the inner side wall of the pedicle of vertebral arch close to the nerve root side is cut off, the model of the extendable part is generally 5mm in width and 3mm or 4mm in extension distance when the upper side wall of the pedicle of vertebral arch is cut off, and the model is precisely selected according to the X-ray perspective condition when the device is used specifically; when being applied to thighbone or shin bone and cutting the bone, the part of the 5 of opening can stretch out of osteotome 4 is provided with the wide model such as 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, and the distance that can stretch out is provided with models such as 5mm, 8mm, 10 mm.

As shown in fig. 1, specifically, the connecting device 2 is a column, the column is connected with or integrally formed with the hollow tube 1 and is used for extending into a tubular bone to support the hollow tube 1, when the connecting device is applied to a femur or tibia osteotomy, the integrally formed column and the hollow tube 1 are set to be of a structure having the same shape as that of an intramedullary nail, the column and the hollow tube 1 are placed together in a hole for placing the intramedullary nail, the column is equivalent to an extension structure of the hollow tube 1, the column is fixed by using an incomplete straight shape of the tubular bone, and the hollow tube 1 is linked to generate a fixing effect.

As shown in fig. 6, further, the diameter of the cross section of the column is m, the diameter of the outer ring of the cross section of the hollow tube 1 is n, m is smaller than n, the structure is suitable for being used with a pedicle distraction device, one structure of the pedicle distraction device is a screw 11 fixed in the pedicle by bone cement, the screw 11 is a hollow structure, the hollow tube 1 is placed in front of the pedicle, the screw 11 is fixed in the pedicle, then the column is placed in the screw 11, the column is fixed by the interaction between the screw 11 and the column, and the hollow tube 1 is stabilized.

As fig. 1, further, the one end that connecting device 2 was kept away from to hollow pipe fitting 1 is provided with handle 7, and the one end that eccentric post 3 is located outside hollow pipe fitting 1 is provided with strikes platform 8, when doing the action of striking, holds handle 7 on one hand, fixes hollow pipe fitting 1 once more, and another handheld apparatus strikes and strike platform 8, gives eccentric post 3 effort.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Tubular endosseum osteotomy ware, its characterized in that includes:

the hollow pipe fitting (1) is arranged in the tubular bone at one end, and the connecting device (2) is used for assisting the hollow pipe fitting (1) to be fixed in the tubular bone, the hollow pipe fitting (1) is close to the open end of the tubular bone, and the connecting device (2) is close to the closed end of the tubular bone;

and arrange in eccentric post (3) in hollow pipe fitting (1), slide through slider (6) set up in osteotome (4) in hollow pipe fitting (1) with be located opening (5) on hollow pipe fitting (1) pipe wall, eccentric post (3) are to being close during the direction displacement of osteotome (4), it is right osteotome (4) take place to interfere, drive osteotome (4) to the direction displacement of opening (5) to make osteotome (4) stretch out outside hollow pipe fitting (1), cut the bone operation to the tubulose bone.

2. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 1, wherein: eccentric post (3) are including keeping away from column body section (3-1) and being close of osteotome (4) end eccentric section (3-2) of osteotome (4) end, eccentric section (3-2) are the taper structure, osteotome (4) middle part with the position that eccentric section (3-2) correspond is provided with through-hole (4-1), eccentric post (3) are to being close during the direction displacement of osteotome (4), in eccentric section (3-2) stretch into through-hole (4-1), utilize the taper structure to drive osteotome (4) translation, will eccentric post (3) along the axial upset of hollow pipe spare (1), can drive osteotome (4) and stretch out or retract hollow pipe spare (1).

3. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 2, wherein: one or more side surfaces of the eccentric section (3-2) are smooth cambered surfaces (3-3).

4. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 2, wherein: the column body section (3-1) is an ellipse-like cylinder or a symmetrical polygonal column, and the inner wall of the hollow pipe fitting (1) is attached to the column body section (3-1).

5. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 1, wherein: slider (6) are including being used for supporting osteotome base (6-1) of osteotome (4) and being located spout (6-2) at osteotome base (6-1) middle part, osteotome (4) are arranged in spout (6-2), the one end of spout (6-2) extend to with opening (5) intercommunication, osteotome (4) receive during the power of eccentric post (3), along spout (6-2) translation.

6. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 1, wherein: the osteotome (4) is a prism, and the thickness of one end of the osteotome (4) close to the opening (5) is smaller than the thickness of one end of the osteotome (4) far away from the opening (5).

7. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 6, wherein: one end of the osteotome (4) close to the opening (5) is provided with a pattern (4-2), and the edge of the pattern (4-2) is a smooth arc line.

8. The tubular osteotomy device defined in any one of claims 1-7, further comprising: the connecting device (2) is a column part, and the column part is connected with the hollow pipe fitting (1) or integrally formed and is used for extending into a tubular bone to support the hollow pipe fitting (1).

9. The tubular endosseous osteotome defined in claim 8, wherein: the diameter of the cross section of the column piece is m, the diameter of an outer ring of the cross section of the hollow pipe fitting (1) is n, and m is smaller than n.

10. The tubular osteotomy device defined in any one of claims 1-7, further comprising: the hollow pipe fitting is characterized in that one end, far away from the connecting device (2), of the hollow pipe fitting (1) is provided with a handle (7), and one end, located outside the hollow pipe fitting (1), of the eccentric column (3) is provided with a knocking platform (8).

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