CN216282986U - Novel tube box structure of U-shaped heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel tube box structure of a U-shaped heat exchanger, which comprises a tube plate, wherein the tube plate is connected with a hemispherical head to form a tube box inner cavity, a material inlet tube and a material outlet tube which are communicated with the tube box inner cavity are arranged on the hemispherical head, and a split-range partition plate assembly for separating a material flow channel is arranged in the tube box inner cavity. The utility model has the beneficial effects that: a structure that the hemispherical seal head is in butt joint with the tube plate with the convex shoulder is adopted. Compared with a special thick-wall cylindrical tube box, the design process of the hemispherical tube box is simple and convenient, the processing and the manufacturing are easy, and the equipment investment is saved. In terms of geometry, the same volume is the smallest surface area of the spherical end socket, so that the material is saved most. In the aspect of mechanics, under the condition that the diameter, the wall thickness and the working pressure are the same, the stress of the hemispherical end socket is the minimum, the stress of the two-way film is the same, the stress is uniformly distributed along the longitude lines, the maximum stress is only half of the stress of the cylinder with the same diameter, and the stress in various end sockets is the best.

Description

Novel tube box structure of U-shaped heat exchanger

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a novel tube box structure of a U-shaped heat exchanger, which can be applied to a high-pressure U-shaped heat exchanger of a hydrogenation device for producing BDO by a Reppe improvement method (alkynal method).

Background

1, 4-Butanediol (BDO) is an important chemical raw material and is widely applied in the fields of medicine, chemical industry, textile, papermaking, automobile, daily chemical industry and the like. As BDO downstream-degradable plastic PBAT in the industry gets great attention, the built/proposed productivity shows 'well-jet' growth, brings development opportunity for BDO as a main raw material and pulls the BDO market to grow rapidly.

The domestic BDO device mostly adopts a single-line 10-million ton/year-scale alkyne-aldehyde process technology of INNI STA company. Acetylene and formaldehyde are used as raw materials in the alkynal method, 1, 4-butynediol is generated under the action of an acetylene copper catalyst, and 1, 4-butynediol is hydrogenated under the action of a nickel-based catalyst to generate 1, 4-Butanediol (BDO). The production scale process route is mature and reliable, a plurality of successful devices are provided in China, and the production practice is as long as more than thirty years.

In the BDO device of the alkyne-aldehyde method, a high-pressure U-shaped heat exchanger (the design pressure of a tube pass is 34.5Mpa, the inner diameter is more than or equal to 800mm) is used for a hydro-synthesis process (cooling by circulating hydrogen). The high-pressure U-shaped heat exchanger adopts a DEU structural style (see figure 1), a tube box is formed by butt welding a special thick-wall cylinder 20 and a convex shoulder original tube plate 10, a flat cover end socket 30 and the end part of the cylinder body are connected by a double-cone seal 70 through a main bolt 60 with a large diameter, and an independent original anti-flushing plate 40 and an original partition plate 50 are arranged in the inner cavity of the tube box aiming at the cylindrical structure. The tube box structure has certain difficulty in design, manufacture and inspection, and is inconvenient to use and maintain in the later period.

The design is complicated and the manufacture is difficult: under the design pressure condition of 34.5MPa, the sealing structure with the inner diameter of more than 800mm is less, the requirements on processing precision of double-cone sealing, high-pressure Kalan sealing and the like are high, and the manufacturing cost is higher. The tube box cylinder body is an integrally forged single-layer special thick-wall cylinder, the wall thickness is larger than 160mm, the flat cover end socket is also an integrally forged piece, the thickness exceeds 390mm, and the requirements of the tube box cylinder body and the flat cover end socket on a forging process and nondestructive testing are high. In order to meet the high-pressure sealing requirement, the sealing surface and the threaded hole of the end part of the cylinder body and the sealing surface of the flat cover end socket are required to be machined with high precision, and the requirement on the manufacturing level is high.

Installation and maintenance are time-consuming and labor-consuming: the end part of the cylinder body is connected with the flat cover end socket through a main bolt with large diameter (M105x4) to ensure sealing, and the large diameter bolt needs to be tightened and unloaded by adopting a hydraulic device, so that inconvenience is caused to the assembly and disassembly of the flat cover. And the total weight of the flat cover end socket exceeds 3 tons, and hoisting equipment is needed for assistance in overhauling, loading and unloading.

In summary, the high-pressure U-shaped heat exchanger with the DEU structure in the original BDO device has certain defects in technical advancement and economic rationality.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to: the utility model provides a novel U-shaped heat exchanger's pipe case structure, solved DEU structure high pressure U-shaped heat exchanger all have certain not enough problem in technical advancement, economic rationality. The utility model optimizes and improves the high-pressure U-shaped heat exchanger used for the hydrogenation synthesis process in the BDO device by the alkyne-aldehyde method, so that the design, the manufacture and the use of equipment can be more convenient and economic, the design and the manufacture period of the equipment can be shortened, the equipment investment can be reduced, the installation and maintenance cost of the equipment can be saved, and a higher value is created for the BDO project.

The utility model adopts the butt joint of a hemispherical head and a tube plate with a convex shoulder, the hemispherical head is provided with a self-tightening sealing high-pressure manhole, and a scour protection plate and a pass partition plate are arranged in a tube box. The whole tube box structure has the advantages of good stress, material saving, simple and convenient design, easy processing and manufacturing, convenient use, assembly and disassembly and certain popularization prospect.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a novel U-shaped heat exchanger's pipe case structure, includes the tube sheet, and the tube sheet is connected with the hemisphere head and forms pipe case inner chamber, is equipped with on the hemisphere head with communicating material import pipe of pipe case inner chamber and material outlet pipe, the intraductal journey baffle plate assembly that divides material flow channel that is equipped with of pipe case.

Furthermore, the hemispherical head is provided with a high-pressure manhole communicated with the inner cavity of the pipe box.

Furthermore, the high-pressure manhole is positioned in the center of the hemispherical head.

Further, the high-pressure manhole comprises a manhole cylinder section, the manhole cylinder section is fixed on the hemispherical sealing head, a support ring is fixed in the manhole cylinder section, a top cover is arranged on the inner side of the support ring, a pressure pad is arranged between the support ring and the top cover, the top cover is connected with a restraining ring on the outer side of the support ring through a restraining piece, and the restraining ring is clamped on the manhole cylinder section.

Furthermore, the support ring is a four-ring which is fixed on the manhole shell section through a tensioning bolt.

Furthermore, the outer side of the top cover is provided with a hanging ring.

Furthermore, the drawing part is a drawing bolt, the drawing bolt penetrates through the drawing ring to be connected with the top cover, and a nut clamped with the drawing ring is connected to the drawing bolt.

Furthermore, the material inlet pipe and the material outlet pipe are respectively arranged on two sides of the split-range partition plate and are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the tube plate, and an included angle is formed between the material inlet pipe and the tube plate.

Furthermore, an anti-impact plate component opposite to the material inlet pipe is arranged in the inner cavity of the tube box.

Furthermore, the stroke partition plate assembly is connected between the hemispherical head and the tube plate, and the impingement baffle assembly is connected between the stroke partition plate assembly and the hemispherical head.

Furthermore, the pass partition plate assembly comprises a pass partition plate II, the pass partition plate II is fixed on the tube plate and the hemispherical head, and a pass partition plate I and an impingement baffle are connected between the pass partition plate II and the hemispherical head.

Furthermore, the stroke partition plate II is vertically arranged relative to the tube plate, the impingement baffle is arranged in parallel relative to the tube plate, and an included angle exists between the stroke partition plate I and the tube plate.

Furthermore, the hemispherical head on be equipped with bolt seat II, be equipped with bolt seat I on the partition plate II of dividing, the both ends of partition plate I of dividing are passed through fastener I and are connected with bolt seat I, bolt seat II respectively.

Furthermore, a handle is arranged on the stroke separating plate I.

Furthermore, a connecting piece is fixed between the stroke separating plate II and the hemispherical head, and the anti-impact plate is connected with the connecting piece through a fastener II.

Further, the tube plate is connected with the shell side component.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1) a structure that the hemispherical seal head is in butt joint with the tube plate with the convex shoulder is adopted. Compared with a special thick-wall cylindrical tube box, the design process of the hemispherical tube box is simple and convenient, the processing and the manufacturing are easy, and the equipment investment is saved. In terms of geometry, the same volume is the smallest surface area of the spherical end socket, so that the material is saved most. In the aspect of mechanics, under the condition that the diameter, the wall thickness and the working pressure are the same, the stress of the hemispherical end socket is the minimum, the stress of the two-way film is the same, the stress is uniformly distributed along the longitude lines, the maximum stress is only half of the stress of the cylinder with the same diameter, and the stress in various end sockets is the best.

2) A self-tightening sealing high-pressure manhole is arranged on the hemispherical sealing head of the pipe box, so that the maintenance requirement of the pipe box is met. For the flat cover head and the pipe case barrel that adopt major diameter owner bolted connection, the manhole size is little, and manufacturing is easy, and applicable seal structure form is many, and the design is simple and convenient. The manhole cover does not have a major diameter main bolt, does not need to be tightened or unloaded by a hydraulic device, can be opened and closed conveniently and quickly, greatly reduces the labor intensity, and saves the later-period overhaul and maintenance cost.

3) The hemispherical tube box is internally provided with the anti-impact plate and the pass partition plate, is fixed by adopting bolts and connecting pieces in the tube box, is compact in arrangement, meets the requirements of the process and the overhaul space, and is stable and reliable in structure and convenient to assemble and disassemble.

The main scheme and the further selection schemes can be freely combined to form a plurality of schemes which are all adopted and claimed by the utility model; in the present invention, the selection (each non-conflicting selection) and the other selections can be freely combined. The skilled person in the art can understand that there are many combinations, which are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the scheme of the present invention, and the technical solutions are not exhaustive herein.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure U-shaped heat exchanger with a conventional DEU structure.

In the figure: 10-original tube plate, 20-thick-wall cylinder, 30-flat cover end socket, 40-original anti-impact plate, 50-original partition plate, 60-main bolt and 70-double-cone seal.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the high pressure manhole of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic view of the impingement plate and bulkhead assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a hemispherical end socket, 2-a high-pressure manhole, 3-a material inlet pipe, 4-an impingement plate component, 5-a pipe plate, 6-a shell pass component, 7-a saddle, 8-a split-pass partition plate component and 9-a material outlet pipe; 21-manhole shell section, 22-support ring, 23-containment ring, 24-hoisting ring, 25-containment bolt, 26-nut, 27-tensioning bolt, 28-pressure pad and 29-top cover; 81-fastener I, 82-handle, 83-stroke partition I, 84-impingement plate, 85-connecting piece, 86-fastener II, 87-stroke partition II, 88-bolt seat I, 89-bolt seat II.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, a novel tube box structure of a U-shaped heat exchanger includes a hemispherical head 1, a high-pressure manhole 2, a material inlet pipe 3, a baffle plate assembly 4, a tube plate 5, a shell pass component 6, a saddle 7, a split-pass baffle plate assembly 8 and a material outlet pipe 9.

The semi-spherical head 1 is in butt joint with the tube plate 5 with the convex shoulder to form a tube box inner cavity, the semi-spherical head 1 is provided with a high-pressure manhole 2 positioned at the center, the high-pressure manhole 2 is communicated with the tube box inner cavity, a split-range partition plate assembly 8 and a baffle plate assembly 4 are arranged in the tube box inner cavity, and a material inlet pipe 3 and a material outlet pipe 9 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the semi-spherical head 1.

The hemispherical seal head 1 and the tube plate 5 are in butt welding, the welding joint is in a U-shaped and V-shaped combined groove structure, and a narrow gap welding process is adopted to ensure full penetration. The high-pressure manhole 2 is connected with the center of the hemispherical head 1 by a full-penetration T-shaped joint. The material inlet pipe 3 and the material outlet pipe 9 are arranged on two sides of the split-ranging partition plate, the high-pressure manhole 2 (namely the axial direction of the pipe plate 5) is symmetrically arranged, an included angle of 30 degrees is formed between the high-pressure manhole and the pipe plate 5, and the high-pressure manhole and the hemispherical head 1 are in radial arrangement type welding connection.

The impingement plate assembly 4 is arranged in parallel with the tube plate 5 and fixed on the upper part of the hemispherical head. The stroke separating plate assembly 8 and the tube plate 5 with the convex shoulder form an included angle of 30 degrees, and is fixed at the lower part of the hemispherical seal head and at the upper part of the material outlet tube 9. The entire tube box is supported below the tube sheet 5 by saddles 7.

The high-pressure manhole 2 is indicated by a wood sealing structure, and other sealing structures can be adopted according to the circumstances, including a manhole shell section 21, a supporting ring 22, a restraining ring 23, a hanging ring 24, a restraining bolt 25, a nut 26, a tensioning bolt 27, a pressure pad 28 and a top cover 29.

The manhole shell ring 21 is welded and fixed on the hemispherical head 1. A support ring 22 is fixed in the manhole cylinder section 21, the support ring 22 is a four-ring, the four-ring is a circular ring formed by splicing four circular arc sections, and the four-ring is fixed on the manhole cylinder section 21 through a tension bolt 27.

The inside of the support ring 22 is provided with a top cover 29, and the top cover 29 can move up and down in a certain range relative to the manhole shell 21. The outer side of the top cover 29 is in threaded connection with a lifting ring 24 so as to facilitate lifting. A pressure pad 28 is arranged between the supporting ring 22 and the top cover 29, the top cover 29 is connected with a drag ring 23 outside the supporting ring 22 through a drag piece, and the drag ring 23 is clamped on the manhole shell ring 21.

The towing part is preferably a towing bolt 25, the towing bolt 25 penetrates through the towing ring 23 to be in threaded connection with the top cover 29, a nut 26 clamped with the towing ring 23 is in threaded connection with the towing bolt 25, and the towing ring 23 and the top cover 29 can be tightened or loosened by screwing or unscrewing the nut 26.

The top cover 29 is an end cover which can float and move up and down in a certain range, when in installation, the top of the manhole cylinder section 21 is firstly placed, then the pressure pad 28 is placed, then the support ring 22 (four-ring) which is formed by splicing four blocks into a circle and is convenient to be embedded into the groove of the manhole cylinder section 21 is placed, the position of the support ring 22 is fixed by the tensioning bolt 27, the restraining ring 23 is placed, the top cover 29 is lifted by the restraining bolt 25 to compress the pressure pad 28, and the pre-tightening effect can be achieved. After the pressure rises, the load is applied to the top cover, the higher the pressure is, the larger the packing specific pressure is, and the more reliable the sealing is.

The pass partition plate assembly 8 is connected between the hemispherical seal head 1 and the tube plate 5, the pass partition plate assembly 8 is used for separating a material flow channel of an inner cavity of the tube box, an upper channel is used for feeding, and a lower channel is used for discharging. Impingement baffle subassembly 4 is connected between range baffle subassembly 8 and hemisphere head 1, and impingement baffle subassembly 4 is relative with material import pipe 3 for reduce the material velocity of flow that gets into, avoid the material directly to erode heat exchange tube and tube sheet welded joint.

The impingement plate assembly 4 comprises an impingement plate 84, a connecting piece 85 and a fastener II 86, and the stroke partition plate assembly 8 comprises a fastener I81, a handle 82, a stroke partition plate I83, a stroke partition plate II 87, a bolt seat I88 and a bolt seat II 89.

The second pass partition plate 87 is fixedly welded on the tube plate 5 and the hemispherical head 1, the second pass partition plate 87 is vertically arranged relative to the tube plate 5, a connecting piece 85 is fixedly welded between the second pass partition plate 87 and the hemispherical head 1, and the impact-preventing plate 84 is connected with the connecting piece 85 through a fastener II 86. Impingement plate 84 is arranged in parallel relative to tube sheet 5, is provided with the through-hole on it in order to realize the circulation of material, and impingement plate reduces the material velocity of flow in the face of the impact of material, reduces the material and to heat exchange tube and tube sheet welded joint's erosion influence.

The welding has bolt seat II 89 on hemisphere head 1, and the tip welding of the II 87 of stroke baffle has bolt seat I88, and the both ends of the I83 of stroke baffle are passed through fastener I81 and are connected with I88 of bolt seat, II 89 of bolt seat respectively, and contained angle 30 between I83 of stroke baffle and tube sheet 5. Welded has handle 82 on the partition board I83 of journey, conveniently operates partition board I of journey.

The pass partition plate I83 and the pass partition plate II 87 form a structure for separating a material flow channel in the inner cavity of the tube box, the material enters an upper channel of the inner cavity of the tube box from the inlet pipe 3, then flows into an inlet of the U-shaped tube, exchanges heat with the shell pass cooling liquid, flows out from an outlet of the U-shaped tube, enters a lower channel of the inner cavity of the tube box, and is discharged through the outlet pipe 9.

A bolt seat I88 is welded and fixed on a stroke separating plate II 87 and the hemispherical head 1, a bolt seat II 89 is welded and fixed with the hemispherical head 1, and a stroke separating plate I83 is fixed and sealed with the bolt seat I88 and the bolt seat II 89 through a fastener I81 to form a stroke. Fastener I81 adopts spring washer and the structure of two nuts, effectively avoids the condition that the nut drops to take place in the operation. The split-range partition plate and the bolt seat have enough rigidity to effectively resist the impact of imported materials.

The tube plate 5 is connected with the shell pass component 6, the shell pass component 6 comprises a shell and an internal baffle plate, a cooling liquid inlet pipe and a cooling liquid outlet pipe are arranged on the shell, an inlet and an outlet of a U-shaped pipe are respectively opposite to an upper channel and a lower channel of an inner cavity of the tube box, and hydrogen (tube pass) in the U-shaped pipe exchanges heat with the cooling liquid (shell pass) to realize the circular cooling of the hydrogen.

The utility model makes up the defects of DEU structure high-pressure U-shaped heat exchangers used for the hydrogenation synthesis process in the BDO device by adopting the alkyne-aldehyde method in the aspects of technical advancement and economic rationality, meets the process requirements, avoids a large-diameter super-thick flat cover structure, increases the reliability of high-pressure sealing by adopting the reasonable arrangement of a hemispherical head pipe box structure, a high-pressure manhole and a split-range partition plate, is more economic in design, manufacture and use, reduces the equipment investment, saves the installation and maintenance cost, and has certain market popularization prospect on the large-diameter high-pressure heat exchangers of the subsequent larger-scale BDO project.

The foregoing basic embodiments of the utility model and their various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are contemplated and claimed herein. In the scheme of the utility model, each selection example can be combined with any other basic example and selection example at will.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a novel U-shaped heat exchanger's tube case structure, includes tube sheet (5), its characterized in that: the tube plate (5) is connected with the hemispherical head (1) to form a tube box inner cavity, the hemispherical head (1) is provided with a material inlet tube (3) and a material outlet tube (9) which are communicated with the tube box inner cavity, and a split-range partition plate assembly (8) for separating a material flow channel is arranged in the tube box inner cavity.

2. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hemispherical head (1) is provided with a high-pressure manhole (2).

3. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: high pressure manhole (2) including manhole shell ring (21), manhole shell ring (21) are fixed on hemisphere head (1), manhole shell ring (21) internal fixation has support ring (22), the inboard of support ring (22) is equipped with top cap (29), be equipped with pressure pad (28) between support ring (22) and top cap (29), top cap (29) are connected with traction ring (23) through traction piece, traction ring (23) card is established on manhole shell ring (21).

4. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: the support ring (22) is a four-ring type, and the four-ring type is fixed on the manhole shell ring (21) through a tension bolt (27).

5. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the drawing member is a drawing bolt (25), the drawing bolt (25) penetrates through the drawing ring (23) to be connected with the top cover (29), and a nut (26) clamped with the drawing ring (23) is connected to the drawing bolt (25).

6. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: an anti-impact plate component (4) opposite to the material inlet pipe (3) is arranged in the inner cavity of the pipe box.

7. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the stroke division clapboard component (8) is connected between the hemispherical seal head (1) and the tube plate (5), and the impingement baffle component (4) is connected between the stroke division clapboard component (8) and the hemispherical seal head (1).

8. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: the stroke partition plate assembly (8) comprises a stroke partition plate II (87), the stroke partition plate II (87) is fixed on the tube plate (5) and the hemispherical head (1), and a stroke partition plate I (83) and an impingement plate (84) are connected between the stroke partition plate II (87) and the hemispherical head (1).

9. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: and the two ends of the stroke partition plate I (83) are respectively connected with the bolt seat I (88) and the bolt seat II (89) through fasteners I (81).

10. The novel tube box structure of the U-shaped heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: a connecting piece (85) is fixed between the stroke separating plate II (87) and the hemispherical seal head (1), and the impingement baffle (84) is connected with the connecting piece (85) through a fastener II (86).

Images