CN216277888U - Active excavation open-type heading machine for large-buried-depth underground gallery construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an active excavation open-type tunneling machine for construction of a large buried underground corridor, which comprises a front cabin and a tail cabin, wherein the front cabin faces a tunnel face and is provided with a cutter mechanism and an excavating arm, the cutter mechanism is positioned below the excavating arm and is used for excavating the lower side of the tunnel face, the excavating arm is used for excavating earth surface soil on the upper side of the tunnel face, excavated muck is transported away through a deslagging mechanism, the excavating efficiency of the tunneling machine is improved by arranging the cutter mechanism and the excavating arm to jointly excavate, in addition, two sides of the upper ends of the front cabin and the tail cabin are respectively and jointly connected with a supporting baffle plate, in the excavating process, the soil on the left side and the right side in the excavating direction can be synchronously blocked and supported, the advantages of the movable support of the tunneling machine are exerted, and the active excavation and the safety of the tunneling machine are improved.

Description

Active excavation open-type heading machine for large-buried-depth underground gallery construction

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground passage construction. More particularly, the utility model relates to an active excavation open-type heading machine for construction of a large buried underground gallery.

Background

In modern cities, the planning construction volume of underground comprehensive pipe galleries is increased day by day, but the construction of new comprehensive pipe galleries is seriously interfered by old underground pipe galleries, the road traffic pressure is increasingly heavy, roads cannot be occupied for a long time, a plurality of limits are added to the construction of the pipe galleries, and higher requirements are put forward on the construction technology of the pipe galleries. In addition, as the traffic flow of an urban area increases, the traffic pressure of a road on a road surface becomes larger and larger, and a mode of building a lower-passing highway tunnel to relieve the traffic pressure of the ground or a crossroad is also quite common.

The existing underground pipe gallery and highway tunnel penetrating construction technology mainly comprises traditional open cut construction and underground gallery heading machine construction, and the underground gallery heading machine construction has the advantages of high construction efficiency, low construction cost, fast road traffic recovery and the like due to the adoption of mechanical construction, and has obvious advantages in more and more projects. The existing underground corridor heading machine construction technology mainly comprises the steps that a heading machine is used for slope releasing excavation in front of the heading machine and slag is discharged, then the heading machine is directly pushed forward, when the heading machine is buried deeply, the length of the slope releasing excavation in front of the heading machine is long, supporting baffles on two sides in front of the heading machine cannot be effectively supported, soil bodies on two sides are prone to collapse, one solution is that the slope releasing excavation is adopted, but the slope releasing excavation is not suitable for a line with limited space, the operation surface of a construction section is large, the occupied area is long, and traffic traveling is seriously affected; one method is to support two sides, but the support difficulty of the deep foundation pit is high, the cost is high, and the advantages of the movable support of the heading machine cannot be exerted.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an active excavation open-type heading machine for large-buried-depth underground gallery construction, and aims to solve the technical problem that the underground gallery heading machine in the prior art cannot be suitable for large-buried-depth underground gallery construction.

In order to realize the purposes and other advantages, the utility model provides an active excavation open-type heading machine for construction of a large-buried-depth underground gallery, which is arranged at a tunnel face and comprises a tail bin and a front bin which are sequentially arranged along an excavation direction, wherein a tunnel segment assembling area is arranged in the tail bin, a pushing mechanism is arranged in the tunnel segment assembling area facing the tail bin in the front bin, a cutter head mechanism is arranged at the lower side of the front end face of the front bin facing the tunnel face, an excavating arm is arranged at the upper side facing the tunnel face, supporting baffles are respectively and vertically arranged at the two sides of the excavation direction at the upper ends of the front bin and the tail bin, the tops of the supporting baffles are slightly higher than the ground elevation, one ends of the supporting baffles facing the tunnel face extend to the front of the cutter head mechanism, and a slag discharging mechanism for conveying slag generated by excavation is also arranged in the front bin.

Preferably, the cutter head mechanism comprises a plurality of cutter disc groups, and the cutter disc groups are vertically arranged in layers and are arranged in a gradient manner from bottom to top in sequence forwards.

Preferably, two-layer arrangement about the blade disc group divides, and upper blade disc group includes first blade disc group and second blade disc group, and first blade disc group arranges in the middle of the front end in front of the storehouse, and second blade disc group sets up symmetrically in the both sides of first blade disc group and leans on the back for first blade disc group, and lower floor's blade disc group includes third blade disc group and fourth blade disc group, and the fourth blade disc group is located the rear side of third blade disc group, and the blade disc of third blade disc group sets up with the blade disc of fourth blade disc group in turn on the horizontal of excavation face, and third blade disc group leans on the back for first blade disc group to set up.

Preferably, the slag discharging mechanism comprises a plurality of screw conveyors, the inlet of each screw conveyor faces towards the cutter head mechanism, the upper ends of the screw conveyors extend upwards to the supporting baffle and the outlet, the belt conveyors are arranged at the outlet of each screw conveyor and face towards the outer side of the rear end of the supporting baffle.

Preferably, the belt conveyor further has a residue soil input port provided laterally of the excavating arm toward the excavating arm.

Preferably, the upper end front side of the front bin is further provided with a plurality of three-dimensional laser scanners facing the excavation area of the excavation arm.

Preferably, the cutterhead mechanism further comprises a plurality of soil pressure sensors which are arranged at the front end of the front bin and used for detecting soil pressure of the tunnel face.

Preferably, the tail bin is provided with stopping oil cylinders which are arranged at two sides in the excavation direction and are abutted against the installed pipe pieces.

The utility model at least comprises the following beneficial effects: the active excavation open-type heading machine for the construction of the large buried underground gallery comprises a front cabin and a tail cabin, wherein the front cabin faces a tunnel face and is provided with a cutter mechanism and an excavating arm, the cutter mechanism is positioned below the excavating arm and is used for excavating the lower side of the tunnel face, the excavating arm is used for excavating earth surface soil on the upper side of the tunnel face, excavated muck is transported away through a deslagging mechanism, excavation operation is carried out jointly through the cutter mechanism and the excavating arm, the excavation efficiency of the heading machine is improved, in addition, supporting baffles are respectively and jointly connected to two sides of the upper end of the front cabin and the two sides of the upper end of the tail cabin, the soil on the left side and the right side in the excavation direction can be synchronously blocked and supported in the excavation process, the advantages of the moving support of the heading machine are exerted, and the active excavation and safety of the heading machine are improved.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the utility model.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top view structural diagram of the present invention.

The specification reference numbers indicate: 1. the device comprises a tail bin, 2, a front bin, 3, an installed segment, 4, a pushing mechanism, 5, a cutter disc mechanism, 6, an excavating arm, 7, a supporting baffle, 8, a first cutter disc group, 9, a second cutter disc group, 10, a third cutter disc group, 11, a fourth cutter disc group, 12, a spiral conveyor, 13, a belt conveyor, 14, a residue soil input port, 15, a three-dimensional laser scanner, 16, a soil pressure sensor, 17 and a stopping oil cylinder.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the utility model by referring to the description text.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the active excavation open-type heading machine for large-buried-depth underground gallery construction is arranged at a tunnel face and comprises a tail bin 1 and a front bin 2 which are sequentially arranged along an excavation direction, a tunnel segment splicing region is arranged in the tail bin 1, a pushing mechanism 4 is arranged in the tunnel segment splicing region facing the tail bin 1 in the front bin 2, a cutter head mechanism 5 is arranged on the front end face of the front bin 2 facing the lower side of the tunnel face, an excavating arm 6 is arranged on the upper side facing the tunnel face, supporting baffles 7 are respectively and commonly arranged on the two sides of the excavation direction at the upper ends of the front bin 2 and the tail bin 1 along the vertical direction, the tops of the supporting baffles 7 are slightly higher than the ground elevation, one ends of the supporting baffles 7 facing the tunnel face extend to the front of the cutter head mechanism 5, and a slag discharging mechanism for transporting slag generated by excavation is further arranged in the front bin 2.

Aiming at open type excavating operation, the upper side of a tunnel face is close to the ground, a front bin 2 is provided with a cutter disc mechanism 5, an excavating arm 6 excavates forwards, the excavating arm 6 is positioned above the cutter disc mechanism 5, the excavating arm 6 excavates muck in a region of 0-3.5m on the upper part of the tunnel face, the cutter disc mechanism 5 on the lower part excavates muck in a region below 3.5m of the tunnel face, during excavating, the excavating arm 6 excavates a surface soil body of the tunnel face close to the ground, a tail bin 1 is abutted against an installed pipe sheet, the front bin 2 is pushed towards the excavating direction by a pushing mechanism 4 such as a plurality of pushing oil cylinders, so that the cutter disc mechanism 5 is in contact with the tunnel face, the cutter disc rotates to excavate, soil pressure on the tunnel face is synchronously observed, parameters such as excavating depth of an excavator, cutter disc rotating speed, pushing pressure, slag discharging speed and the like are adjusted according to soil pressure control values, and the muck in front of and on two sides of the tunnel face is ensured to be stable, the normal tunneling of the pipe gallery heading machine is realized, the deslagging mechanism is arranged behind the cutter head mechanism 5, the deslagging mechanism timely conveys away dregs generated by the digging operation to the ground outside the heading machine, when the tunnel is dug forwards, the front end of the tunnel is dug, the supporting baffle 7 supports the soil body on two sides generated by the digging operation, namely the supporting baffles 7 on the left side and the right side of the tunnel in figure 2 block and support the soil body close to the surface layer on the corresponding side, the heading machine plays the advantages of moving and supporting, tunnel pipe pieces are assembled in a pipe piece assembling area of the tail bin 1, pipe piece adjusting oil cylinders are installed at the bottom and two sides of the tail bin 1, the quick contraposition installation of the pipe pieces is realized, and the active digging efficiency and safety of the heading machine are obviously improved on the whole.

In another technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cutter head mechanism 5 includes a plurality of cutter disc groups, and the cutter disc groups are arranged in layers in the vertical direction and arranged in a gradient manner from bottom to top in sequence and forwards.

Through setting up a plurality of cutter disc groups to setting up the position of blade disc, make the blade disc overall arrangement of whole blade disc mechanism 5 arrange according to from the top down, from the centre to the excavation principle on both sides, do benefit to the face dregs and flow.

In another technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cutter disc groups are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer of cutter disc group includes a first cutter disc group 8 and a second cutter disc group 9, the first cutter disc group 8 is arranged in the middle of the front end of the front bin 2, the second cutter disc groups 9 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first cutter disc group 8 and are arranged behind the first cutter disc group 8, the lower layer of cutter disc group includes a third cutter disc group 10 and a fourth cutter disc group 11, the fourth cutter disc group 11 is arranged behind the third cutter disc group 10, the cutter discs of the third cutter disc group 10 and the cutter discs of the fourth cutter disc group 11 are alternately arranged in the transverse direction of the excavation surface, and the third cutter disc group 10 is arranged behind the first cutter disc group 8.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, four groups of cutter discs are arranged, two groups of cutter discs are arranged on the upper layer and the lower layer, respectively, wherein the first group of cutter discs 8 is arranged at the front row position close to the tunnel face on the left side of fig. 1, the cutter discs of the first group of cutter discs 8 can be arranged at 3 positions and at the middle position of the front row shown in fig. 2, the second group of cutter discs 9 is arranged at the position of the rear row shown in fig. 1, respectively, relative to the cutter discs of the first group of cutter discs 8, the lower layer is to reduce the bottom excavation blind area, 9 cutter discs are arranged on the third group of cutter discs 10 and the fourth group of cutter discs 11, the cutter discs are stacked front and back, and complement the excavation face, in the direction shown in fig. 1, the third group of cutter discs 10 is arranged with 4 large cutter discs in the front row, the fourth group of cutter discs 11 is arranged with 5 small cutter discs in the rear row, the third group of cutter discs 10 is arranged relative to the first group of cutter discs 8, and the whole arrangement is arranged from top to bottom, The excavation principle from the middle to the two sides is favorable for the flow of the dregs on the tunnel face, and the excavation efficiency and safety of the cutter head mechanism 5 are improved.

In another technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the slag discharging mechanism includes a plurality of screw conveyors 12, an inlet of each screw conveyor 12 is arranged toward the cutter head mechanism 5, an upper end of each screw conveyor 12 extends upward to a position above the supporting baffle 7 and is provided with an outlet, a belt conveyor 13 is arranged at the outlet of each screw conveyor 12, and the belt conveyor 13 extends toward the outer side of the rear end of the supporting baffle 7.

The muck generated at the lower end of the excavation face of the cutter head mechanism 5 is conveyed by arranging the screw conveyor 12, the screw conveyor 12 is conveyed upwards to an outlet, then the muck falls on the belt conveyor 13 to be conveyed continuously, and is conveyed to the outer side of the rear end of the supporting baffle 7 and then falls on the ground or a muck truck, and the screw conveyor 12 can adopt a combined mode of an inclined screw machine and a straight screw machine at the bottom to adapt to the inner space of a front cabin.

In another solution, as shown in fig. 1-3, the belt conveyor 13 also has a muck input 14 disposed laterally of the digging arm 6 towards the digging arm 6.

By arranging the belt conveyor 13 with the plurality of conveying inlets, when the excavating arm 6 excavates the upper side of the tunnel face, the bucket places excavated dregs on the belt conveyor 13 close to the dregs input port 14 of the excavating arm 6, and the excavated dregs are transported to the outer side of the rear end of the supporting baffle 7 through the belt conveyor 13 and fall onto the ground or a dregs car.

In another technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the front side of the upper end of the front bin 2 is further provided with a plurality of three-dimensional laser scanners 15 facing the excavation area of the excavation arm 6.

The excavation operation of the excavating arm 6 is operated by scanning the profile of the earth surface slag of the tunnel face through the three-dimensional laser scanner 15, and combining profile parameters of tunnel faces of different stratums according to the scanning result, and the three-dimensional laser scanner 15 can be connected with a cab control system of the excavating arm 6 to guide the excavating operation of the excavating arm 6.

In another technical solution, as shown in fig. 2, the cutterhead mechanism 5 further includes a plurality of soil pressure sensors 16 disposed at the front end of the front chamber 2 and used for detecting soil pressure on the tunnel face.

A plurality of soil pressure sensors 16 are arranged at positions, located in an excavation area, of the cutter mechanism 5, soil pressure conditions of a tunnel face can be detected, excavation depths of surface soil bodies can be flexibly controlled through the excavation arm 6, parameters such as cutter rotation speed, propelling speed and deslagging speed are adjusted in real time, the excavation area of the cutter mechanism 5 is full of the tunnel and is tunneled, certain soil pressure of the excavation area of the cutter mechanism 5 is maintained, soil pressure balance is formed between the excavation area and soil bodies on two sides, and it is guaranteed that the soil bodies on two sides of the area with large burial depth do not collapse.

In another technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the tail bin 1 is provided with stopping cylinders 17 which are arranged at two sides in the excavation direction and abutted against the installed pipe pieces.

After the buried depth of the heading machine is increased, because the water and soil pressure in front of the heading machine is high, when all the thrust cylinders are completely recycled during pipe joint assembling operation, the heading machine retreats, so that the retreat-preventing cylinders 17 are arranged on two sides of the tail bin 1 in front of the mounted most adjacent pipe piece 3, and before the pipe piece assembling, the retreat-preventing cylinders 17 clamp the mounted pipe piece 3 to prevent the heading machine from retreating after the pushing mechanism 4 is completely retracted.

While the embodiments of the utility model have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the specification and illustrated in the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor with which the utility model may be practiced, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, it is therefore intended that the utility model not be limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. An active excavation open-type heading machine for construction of a large-buried-depth underground gallery is arranged at a tunnel face and is characterized by comprising a tail bin and a front bin which are sequentially arranged along an excavation direction, a tunnel segment assembling area is arranged in the tail bin, a pushing mechanism is arranged in the tunnel segment assembling area facing the tail bin in the front bin, a cutter mechanism is arranged on the front end face of the front bin and faces the lower side of the tunnel face, an excavation arm is arranged on the upper side of the tunnel face, supporting baffles are vertically arranged on the two sides of the upper ends of the front bin and the tail bin in the excavation direction respectively, the tops of the supporting baffles are slightly higher than the ground elevation, one ends of the supporting baffles facing the tunnel face extend to the front of the cutter mechanism, and a slag discharging mechanism for transporting slag generated by excavation is further arranged in the front bin.

2. The active excavation open-type heading machine for large-buried-depth underground corridor construction according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head mechanism comprises a plurality of cutter head groups which are arranged in layers in the vertical direction and are arranged in a gradient manner from bottom to top in a forward direction.

3. The active excavation open-type heading machine for large-burial-depth underground gallery construction according to claim 2, wherein the cutter disc groups are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper cutter disc group comprises a first cutter disc group and a second cutter disc group, the first cutter disc group is arranged in the middle of the front end of the front bin, the second cutter disc group is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first cutter disc group and is arranged close to the rear side relative to the first cutter disc group, the lower cutter disc group comprises a third cutter disc group and a fourth cutter disc group, the fourth cutter disc group is arranged on the rear side of the third cutter disc group, the cutter discs of the third cutter disc group and the cutter discs of the fourth cutter disc group are alternately arranged in the transverse direction of the excavation face, and the third cutter disc group is arranged close to the rear side relative to the first cutter disc group.

4. The active excavation open-type heading machine for large-burial-depth underground corridor construction according to claim 1, wherein the deslagging mechanism comprises a plurality of screw conveyors, inlets of the screw conveyors are arranged towards the cutterhead mechanism, upper ends of the screw conveyors extend upwards to be above the supporting baffle and are provided with outlets, belt conveyors are arranged at the outlets of the screw conveyors, and the belt conveyors extend towards the outer sides of the rear ends of the supporting baffle.

5. The active excavation open-face tunneling machine for large-burial-depth underground corridor construction according to claim 4, wherein the belt conveyor further has a soil input port provided laterally of the excavating arm toward the excavating arm.

6. The active excavation open-face tunneling machine for large-buried-depth underground corridor construction according to claim 1, wherein the upper-end front side of the front bin is further provided with a plurality of three-dimensional laser scanners facing the excavation region of the excavating arm.

7. The active excavation open-tunneling machine for large-buried-depth underground corridor construction according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head mechanism further comprises a plurality of soil pressure sensors disposed at the front end of the front chamber and detecting soil pressure of the tunnel face.

8. The active excavation open-type heading machine for large-burial-depth underground corridor construction according to claim 1, wherein the tail bin is provided with retaining cylinders which are abutted against the installed segments on both sides in the excavation direction.

Images