CN216241844U - Dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device - Google Patents
Dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN216241844U CN216241844U CN202122079313.9U CN202122079313U CN216241844U CN 216241844 U CN216241844 U CN 216241844U CN 202122079313 U CN202122079313 U CN 202122079313U CN 216241844 U CN216241844 U CN 216241844U
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- dovetail groove
- hand wheel
- nut
- dovetail
- rotating shaft
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device which comprises a piston mechanism, a rotating shaft, a coarse adjusting nut and a fine adjusting hand wheel, wherein the piston is a combination of a wedge block and a cylinder, the upper side and the lower side of the wedge block are embedded into a through straight groove in the middle of one side of a dovetail groove, a piston rod penetrates through a through hole penetrating through the side face of the dovetail groove, a disc spring group is embedded into a dovetail groove counter bore, and the disc spring group is positioned in the dovetail groove counter bore through a round nut. One end of the rotating shaft is in threaded connection with the end of the piston rod, and the other end of the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the coarse adjustment nut and the fine adjustment hand wheel and is fixed in a fine adjustment hand wheel counter bore at one end of the fine adjustment hand wheel through a fastening nut. The dovetail block is sleeved with the fine adjustment hand wheel, the coarse adjustment nut and the fine adjustment hand wheel are sleeved together, coarse adjustment and fine adjustment operations are respectively carried out, the dovetail block is very convenient to use, and the adjustment efficiency of the gap between the dovetail block and the dovetail groove is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a dovetail groove guide rail device, in particular to a device for preventing a dovetail block and a dovetail groove from loosening due to increase of a gap after long-term use, and belongs to the technical field of guide rail transmission.
Background
The dovetail guide rail pair is composed of a dovetail block and a dovetail groove body, the dovetail block is embedded into the dovetail groove, and the installation type of the dovetail guide rail pair comprises two types: the dovetail block is arranged on the upper dovetail groove and the lower dovetail groove of the dovetail block or on the lower dovetail groove of the dovetail block. The device is widely applied to various instruments and equipment due to the characteristics of stable motion, high precision and the like. The dovetail block and the dovetail groove body are generally made of steel or cast iron, abrasion of different degrees can exist between contact surfaces of the dovetail block and the dovetail groove body in a long-term use process, and the use precision of equipment is influenced due to the increase of gaps. The conventional solution is to insert a wedge insert between the dovetail block and the adjacent surface on one side of the dovetail groove, and then to screw a screw into the outer side of the dovetail groove body to adjust the gap between the wedge insert and the dovetail block. However, along with the long-term operation of the dovetail groove guide rail pair, the wedge gib may shift to one side to be damaged, and the transmission precision of the dovetail groove guide rail pair is seriously affected. In addition, when the dovetail groove guide rail pair adopts the installation mode that the dovetail block faces downwards with the dovetail groove facing upwards, the dovetail block is prevented from freely sliding down by generally adopting a structure for increasing the friction force between the dovetail block and the dovetail groove guide rail pair, but the adjustment of the friction force is difficult to accurately and conveniently carried out, the working efficiency is influenced, and potential safety hazards exist.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device which can quickly and accurately adjust a gap between a dovetail block and a dovetail groove.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device comprises a piston mechanism, a rotating shaft, a coarse adjusting nut and a fine adjusting hand wheel, wherein the piston mechanism is arranged inside and outside one side of a dovetail groove body, the piston mechanism comprises a piston, a disc spring group and a round nut, the piston is a combined body of a wedge block and a cylinder, the slope of an outer side inclined plane of the wedge block is matched with that of the dovetail groove, a cylindrical piston rod extends outwards from the center of an inner vertical plane of the wedge block, the upper side and the lower side of the wedge block are embedded into a through straight groove in the middle of one side of the dovetail groove, the piston rod penetrates through a through hole penetrating through the side face of the dovetail groove body, the disc spring group sleeved on the piston rod is embedded into a dovetail groove counter bore in the outer side of the dovetail groove body, the disc spring group is positioned in the dovetail groove counter bore through the round nut screwed at the threaded end of the piston rod, and the outer side of the dovetail groove body is welded with one end of a threaded cylinder; one end of the rotating shaft is in threaded connection with the end of the piston rod, and the other end of the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the coarse adjustment nut and the fine adjustment hand wheel and is fixed in a fine adjustment hand wheel counter bore at one end of the fine adjustment hand wheel through a fastening nut.
The object of the utility model is further achieved by the following technical measures.
Furthermore, the coarse adjustment nut and the fine adjustment hand wheel are both of a stepped shaft structure, one end of the coarse adjustment nut is an external thread rod, the other end of the coarse adjustment nut is a hexagon, and the external thread rod is screwed into the thread cylinder; the small end shaft of the fine adjustment hand wheel extends into a rear counter bore at the other end of the coarse adjustment nut; a circular plate radially extends out of one end of the rotating shaft, the circular plate is embedded into a front counter bore at one end of the coarse adjustment nut, a rotating shaft screw rod axially extends out of the center of the circular plate, and the rotating shaft screw rod is screwed into a threaded hole at the end head of the piston rod; the middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with a round rod and a square rod which are connected with each other, the round rod passes through a center round hole of the coarse adjustment nut, the square rod passes through a center square hole of the fine adjustment hand wheel, and an end screw of the square rod is fixedly connected with a fastening nut in a counter bore at the other end of the fine adjustment hand wheel.
Furthermore, a front ring groove is respectively arranged between the circular plate and the bottom of a front counter bore of the coarse adjustment nut, a rear ring groove is respectively arranged between the end surface of the small end shaft of the fine adjustment hand wheel and a rear counter bore at the other end of the coarse adjustment nut, the curvature of the front ring groove and the curvature of the rear ring groove are respectively matched with the curvature of the steel balls, and a plurality of steel balls enclosed into a circle are respectively positioned in the front ring groove and the rear ring groove.
Furthermore, the screw thread of the rotating shaft is a fine thread, and the screw thread of the external screw rod of the coarse adjusting nut is a coarse thread. The thread pitch ratio of the coarse thread to the fine thread is 3-4.
The dovetail groove comprises a dovetail groove body, a dovetail groove guide rail, a piston mechanism, a rotating shaft, a coarse adjusting nut and a fine adjusting hand wheel, wherein the dovetail groove body is arranged on the dovetail groove body. The rough adjusting nut and the fine adjusting hand wheel are respectively rotated, the piston can only move linearly, the rough adjusting and the fine adjusting of the gap between the dovetail block and the side face of the dovetail groove can be respectively carried out, the rotation of the rough adjusting nut and the fine adjusting hand wheel is independent, the rough adjusting nut and the fine adjusting hand wheel cannot rotate along with each other, the operation and the use are very convenient, and the gap adjusting efficiency of the dovetail block and the dovetail groove is improved. When the dovetail groove guide rail pair adopts an installation mode below a dovetail block on a dovetail groove, a spanner can be used for screwing the hexagonal body at the other end of the coarse adjustment nut until the inclined surface of the wedge block at one end of the piston is tightly attached to the side surface of the dovetail groove, and then the fine adjustment is further carried out by manually rotating the fine adjustment hand wheel. Because the threaded end of the rotating shaft screw rod and the threaded end of the piston rod are connected by adopting the fine threads, the wedge-shaped block can only move a small amount, so that the required sliding friction force can be more conveniently and more accurately achieved, and the dovetail block can be ensured to move in the dovetail groove without delay and not to drop.
Advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-restrictive description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion i of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
In the description of the present invention, terms indicating an orientation such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., are based on the orientation shown in the drawings or are merely for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that a particular orientation is necessary.
As shown in fig. 1, the dovetail groove rail pair mounting type of the present embodiment is a type under the dovetail block 20 on the dovetail groove body 10, and the present invention can also be applied to a mounting type under the dovetail groove body 10 on the dovetail block 20.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment includes a piston mechanism 1, a rotating shaft 2, a rough adjusting nut 3 and a fine adjusting hand wheel 4, which are installed inside and outside one side of a dovetail groove body 20, the piston mechanism 1 includes a piston 11, a belleville spring set 12 and a round nut 13, the piston 11 is a combination of a wedge block 111 and a cylinder, the slope of the outer slope of the wedge block 111 matches with the slope of the dovetail groove 201, the center of the inner vertical surface of the wedge block 111 extends outwards to form a cylindrical piston rod 112, the upper and lower sides of the wedge block 111 are embedded into a through straight groove 203 in the middle of the right side of the dovetail groove 201 in fig. 1, the piston rod 112 crosses through a through hole 202 penetrating through the side surface of the dovetail groove body 20, the belleville spring group 12 sleeved on the piston rod 112 is embedded into a dovetail groove counter bore 204 at the outer side of the dovetail groove body 20, and the belleville spring group 12 is positioned in the dovetail groove counter bore 204 through the round nut 13 screwed at the threaded end of the piston rod 112, and the outer side of the dovetail groove body 10 is welded with the left end of the threaded cylinder 101. The end of the left end of the rotating shaft 2 is in threaded connection with the end of the piston rod 112, and the right end of the rotating shaft 2 sequentially passes through the coarse adjustment nut 3 and the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 and is fixed in a fine adjustment hand wheel counter bore 41 at the right end of the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 through a fastening nut 14.
The coarse adjustment nut 3 and the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 are both in a stepped shaft structure, the left end of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is provided with an external thread rod 31, the right end of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is provided with a hexagonal body 32, and the external thread rod 31 is screwed into the thread cylinder 101. The fine hand wheel small end shaft 43 extends into the rear counterbore 34 at the right end of the coarse adjustment nut 3. The outer peripheral surface of the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is provided with a rolled reticulate pattern 42.
A circular plate 21 extends out of the left end of the rotating shaft 2 in the radial direction, the circular plate 21 is embedded into a front counter bore 33 at the left end of the coarse adjustment nut 3, a rotating shaft screw 22 extends out of the center of the circular plate 21 in the axial direction, the rotating shaft screw 22 is screwed into a threaded hole 113 at the end of a piston rod 112, a round rod 23 and a square rod 24 which are connected with each other are arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft 2, the round rod 23 penetrates through a center round hole 34 of the coarse adjustment nut, the square rod 24 penetrates through a center square hole 42 of the fine adjustment hand wheel, and a screw 25 at the end of the square rod is fixedly connected with a fastening nut 14 in a counter bore 41 of the fine adjustment hand wheel.
In order to reduce the rotation resistance of the coarse adjustment nut 3 and the fine adjustment hand wheel 4, a front ring groove 331 is respectively arranged between the circular plate 21 and the bottom of the front counter bore 33 of the coarse adjustment nut 3, a rear ring groove 332 is respectively arranged between the end surface of the small end shaft 43 of the fine adjustment hand wheel and the rear counter bore 33 at the right end of the coarse adjustment nut 3, the curvature of the front ring groove and the curvature of the rear ring groove are respectively matched with the curvature of the steel balls, and a plurality of steel balls 5 which form a circle are respectively arranged in the front ring groove 331 and the rear ring groove 332.
The thread of the rotating shaft screw rod 22 is a fine thread, and the external thread of the external thread rod 31 of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is a coarse thread. The pitch of the fine thread of the spindle screw 22 of the present embodiment is 0.75mm, and the specification of the coarse thread of the external screw rod 31 is M40, with the pitch of 3 mm; the pitch ratio of the coarse thread to the fine thread was 4. Such a configuration facilitates quick coarse and fine adjustment of the amount of movement of piston 11 to achieve the desired clearance between dovetail block 10 and dovetail slot 201 for fine adjustment.
The installation and adjustment process of the utility model is as follows:
1) the piston mechanism 1 is attached such that the piston rod 112 at the right end of the piston 11 passes through the through hole 202 penetrating the side surface of the dovetail groove 201, and the upper and lower side surfaces of the wedge block 111 at the left end of the piston 11 are fitted into the through straight groove 203 positioned in the right side of the dovetail groove 201. Then, the belleville spring set 12 is sleeved on the piston rod 112, the belleville spring set 12 penetrates through an inner hole of the threaded barrel 101 to be embedded into a dovetail groove counter bore 204 on the outer side of the dovetail groove 201, and the round nut 13 is screwed on the threaded end of the piston rod 112.
2) The coarse adjustment nut 3 and the rotating shaft 2 are sequentially installed, firstly, a front annular groove 331 at the bottom of a front counter bore 33 of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is coated with lubricating grease and is placed in a circle of a plurality of steel balls 5, then, the right end of the rotating shaft 2 penetrates through a center round hole 34 of the coarse adjustment nut, so that a circular plate 21 of the rotating shaft 2 is embedded into the front counter bore 33 of the coarse adjustment nut 3, and the front annular groove 331 of the circular plate 21 and the front annular groove 331 at the bottom of the front counter bore 33 of the coarse adjustment nut 2 are respectively abutted against two sides of the circle of the plurality of steel balls 5. The externally threaded rod 31 of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is then threaded into the threaded barrel 101 such that the spindle screw 22 is aligned with the central threaded bore 113 of the threaded end of the piston rod 112.
3) And (3) installing the fine adjustment hand wheel 4, firstly coating lubricating grease on the rear annular groove 322 on the end surface of the small end shaft 43 of the fine adjustment hand wheel, putting a circle of a plurality of steel balls 5, then sleeving the square rod 24 of the rotating shaft 2 with the center square hole 42 of the fine adjustment hand wheel, and respectively abutting against the rear annular groove 322 of the rear counter bore 34 at the right end of the coarse adjustment nut 3 and the rear annular groove 322 on the end surface of the small end shaft 43 of the fine adjustment hand wheel on two sides of the circle of the plurality of steel balls 5. And then a gasket 15 is sleeved on the square rod end screw rod 25 penetrating through the fine adjustment hand wheel counter bore 41 at the right end of the fine adjustment hand wheel 4, and then a nut 14 is screwed on. Then the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is rotated clockwise, the square rod 24 is driven to rotate through the central square hole of the fine adjustment hand wheel, and the rotating shaft screw 22 is screwed into the central threaded hole 113 at the threaded end of the piston rod 112. And continuing to rotate the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 clockwise until the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is not screwed. And then, the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is rotated anticlockwise, the number of rotation turns of the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is determined according to the fine thread pitch of the rotating shaft screw rod 22, and the distance L3=5mm is kept between the end face of the external thread rod 31 at the right end of the coarse adjustment nut 3 and the end face of the thread end of the piston rod 112.
4) After the clearance between the dovetail block 10 and the dovetail groove 201 is adjusted, a wrench is used to pull the hexagonal body 32 at the right end of the coarse adjustment nut 3 clockwise, the external thread rod 31 of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is screwed into the thread cylinder 101, and the coarse adjustment nut 3 pushes the wedge block 111 of the piston 11 to move towards the inclined plane direction at the right side of the dovetail block 10 through the rotating shaft screw 22 at the left end of the rotating shaft 2 until the external thread rod 31 of the coarse adjustment nut 3 is exposed for a length L2 meeting the requirement. Then, the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is rotated counterclockwise, the rotating shaft 2 is rotated counterclockwise to push the piston rod 112 to move towards the side face of the adjacent dovetail block 10 against the elastic force of the belleville spring set 12, and the gap L1 between the inclined face of the wedge block 111 and the inclined face of the dovetail block 10 is reduced. The clearance L1 is checked to meet the requirement by a feeler gauge; when the fine adjustment hand wheel 4 is rotated clockwise, the rotating shaft 2 rotates clockwise to push the piston rod 112 to move away from the dovetail groove 201, and the gap L1 between the inclined surface of the wedge block 111 and the inclined surface of the dovetail block 10 is increased. L2 is more than or equal to L1+10 mm.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a dovetail guide rail locking device which characterized in that: the dovetail groove structure comprises a piston mechanism, a rotating shaft, a coarse adjusting nut and a fine adjusting hand wheel, wherein the piston mechanism is arranged inside and outside one side of a dovetail groove body, the piston mechanism comprises a piston, a disc spring group and a round nut, the piston is a combination of a wedge block and a cylinder, the slope of the inclined plane outside the wedge block is matched with that of the dovetail groove, the center of the vertical plane inside the wedge block outwards extends out of the cylinder-shaped piston rod, the upper side and the lower side of the wedge block are embedded into a through straight groove in the middle of one side of the dovetail groove, the piston rod penetrates through a through hole penetrating through the side face of the dovetail groove body, the disc spring group sleeved on the piston rod is embedded into a dovetail groove counter bore outside the dovetail groove body, the disc spring group is positioned in the dovetail groove counter bore through the round nut screwed at the threaded end of the piston rod, and the outer side of the dovetail groove body is welded with one end of a threaded cylinder; one end of the rotating shaft is in threaded connection with the end of the piston rod, and the other end of the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the coarse adjustment nut and the fine adjustment hand wheel and is fixed in a fine adjustment hand wheel counter bore at one end of the fine adjustment hand wheel through a fastening nut.
2. The dovetail rail looseness prevention device of claim 1, wherein: the coarse adjustment nut and the fine adjustment hand wheel are both of a stepped shaft structure, one end of the coarse adjustment nut is an external thread rod, the other end of the coarse adjustment nut is a hexagon, and the external thread rod is screwed into the thread cylinder; the small end shaft of the fine adjustment hand wheel extends into a rear counter bore at the other end of the coarse adjustment nut; a circular plate radially extends out of one end of the rotating shaft, the circular plate is embedded into a front counter bore at one end of the coarse adjustment nut, a rotating shaft screw rod axially extends out of the center of the circular plate, and the rotating shaft screw rod is screwed into a threaded hole at the end head of the piston rod; the middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with a round rod and a square rod which are connected with each other, the round rod passes through a center round hole of the coarse adjustment nut, the square rod passes through a center square hole of the fine adjustment hand wheel, and an end screw of the square rod is fixedly connected with a fastening nut in a counter bore at the other end of the fine adjustment hand wheel.
3. The dovetail rail looseness prevention device of claim 2, wherein: front ring grooves are respectively arranged between the circular plate and the bottom of a front counter bore of the coarse adjustment nut, rear ring grooves are respectively arranged between the small end shaft end face of the fine adjustment hand wheel and a rear counter bore at the other end of the coarse adjustment nut, the curvature of the front ring grooves and the curvature of the rear ring grooves are respectively matched with the curvature of steel balls, and a plurality of steel balls which are encircled into a circle are respectively positioned in the front ring grooves and the rear ring grooves.
4. The dovetail rail looseness prevention device of claim 2, wherein: the screw thread of the rotating shaft screw is a fine thread, and the external thread of the external thread rod of the coarse adjusting nut is a coarse thread.
5. The dovetail rail looseness prevention device of claim 4, wherein: the pitch ratio of the coarse thread to the fine thread is 3-4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122079313.9U CN216241844U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122079313.9U CN216241844U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216241844U true CN216241844U (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122079313.9U Active CN216241844U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Dovetail groove guide rail anti-loosening device |
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| CN (1) | CN216241844U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700763A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 苏迈特智能科技(江苏)有限公司 | Machining device capable of accurately adjusting gap |
-
2021
- 2021-08-31 CN CN202122079313.9U patent/CN216241844U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700763A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 苏迈特智能科技(江苏)有限公司 | Machining device capable of accurately adjusting gap |
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