CN216213599U - Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure - Google Patents

Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216213599U
CN216213599U CN202122658667.9U CN202122658667U CN216213599U CN 216213599 U CN216213599 U CN 216213599U CN 202122658667 U CN202122658667 U CN 202122658667U CN 216213599 U CN216213599 U CN 216213599U
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plates
fuel cell
gas
fuel
cathode
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CN202122658667.9U
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张岩丽
王波
王贵儒
孟涛
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Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
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Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solid oxide fuel cell group structure, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly comprising a fuel cell unit, an air inlet distribution box and a waste gas collection box, wherein the air inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box are respectively arranged at two ends of the fuel cell unit, the air inlet distribution box is provided with a fuel gas inlet pipe and an oxidant gas inlet pipe, and the waste gas collection box is provided with a fuel gas and waste gas outlet pipe and an oxidant gas and waste gas outlet pipe; the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, simple preparation process, low cost, high output power and good reliability.

Description

Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells.
Background
As the living standard of people increases, the demand of power sources with high energy density is increasing, and the traditional energy storage battery can not completely meet the demand, so more and more research interests are turning to fuel cells with high energy density. A fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The whole process is not limited by the Carnot cycle, so that the method has very high energy conversion efficiency. The theoretical efficiency is the ratio of the gibbs free energy Δ fG in the fuel to the chemical energy (enthalpy) Δ fH contained in the fuel. Because the process does not need high-temperature and high-pressure combustion reaction, and the fuel gas and the oxygen are always separated at the two poles of the battery by the electrolyte, the discharge amount of pollutants is greatly reduced. Thus, fuel cell technology is an efficient and clean energy conversion technology.
The existing fuel cell technology mainly adopts two structures of a flat SOFC and a tubular SOFC, and although the existing flat SOFC has low preparation process and low cost, the existing flat SOFC has sealing difficulty; tubular SOFCs can separate fuel gas and oxidant gas by their own structure without high temperature seals, but tubular SOFCs flow along ring electrodes with relatively long current transmission paths resulting in large losses and low power density. Therefore, a new solid oxide fuel cell stack structure is urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides the solid oxide fuel cell stack structure which is simple in structure, reasonable in design, simple in preparation process, low in cost, high in output power and good in reliability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is a solid oxide fuel cell set structure, which comprises a fuel cell unit, an air inlet distribution box and a waste gas collection box, wherein the air inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box are respectively arranged at two ends of the fuel cell unit, the air inlet distribution box is provided with a fuel gas inlet pipe and an oxidant gas inlet pipe, and the waste gas collection box is provided with a fuel gas and waste gas outlet pipe and an oxidant gas and waste gas outlet pipe;
the fuel cell unit mainly comprises a shell, cathode conductive support plates, cathode plates, anode plates and electrolytic medium layers, wherein a plurality of cathode conductive support plates are arranged in the shell, two fuel cell modules are arranged between every two adjacent cathode conductive support plates, each fuel cell module is of a continuous W-shaped structure and mainly comprises the cathode plates, the anode plates and the electrolytic medium layers arranged between the cathode plates and the anode plates, the anode plates of the two fuel cell modules are contacted, a plurality of fuel gas channels are formed between the two anode plates, the cathode plates of the fuel cell modules are respectively contacted with the cathode conductive support plates, a plurality of oxidant gas channels are formed between the cathode plates and the cathode conductive support plates, one ends of the cathode conductive support plates are connected through conductive connecting rods, and cathode leading-out rods are arranged at the other ends of the cathode conductive support plates, the anode plates are connected through anode leading-out rods, the cathode leading-out rods and the anode leading-out rods extend to the outside of the shell, and insulating ceramic bodies are respectively arranged on two sides of the fuel cell module and between the cathode conductive supporting plate and the shell.
Preferably, the structure of the gas inlet distribution box is the same as that of the waste gas collection box, and the gas inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box are both mainly composed of a box body, a fuel gas insertion pipe and an oxidant gas insertion pipe, the bottom of the box body is provided with a plurality of fuel gas insertion pipes and oxidant gas insertion pipes, the fuel gas insertion pipes and the oxidant gas insertion pipes are respectively used for being inserted at two ends of a fuel gas channel and two ends of an oxidant gas channel, a plurality of W-shaped partition plates are arranged in the box body and respectively located between pipe orifices of the fuel gas insertion pipes and the oxidant gas insertion pipes, the tops of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the box body are respectively connected to the box body through first connecting plates, the bottoms of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the pipe orifice of the oxidant gas insertion pipe are connected through second connecting plates, the tops of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the pipe orifice of the fuel gas insertion pipe are connected through third connecting plates, the second connecting plates, the oxidant gas insertion pipes, and the oxidant gas insertion pipes are connected through second connecting plates, The bottom of the third connecting plate is arranged on the box body, the W-shaped partition plate, the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate divide the box body into a fuel gas cavity and an oxidant gas cavity, the top of the box body is provided with a sealing cover, and the fuel gas inlet pipe and the oxidant gas inlet pipe are respectively connected to the fuel gas cavity and the oxidant gas cavity.
Preferably, the two sides of the bottom of the air inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box are respectively provided with a first fixing plate, the two sides of the top and the bottom of the shell are respectively provided with a second fixing plate, and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are connected through bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects: the utility model has simple structure and reasonable design, adopts the cathode conductive support plates arranged in the shell, and installs the fuel cell modules with continuous W-shaped structures between the cathode conductive support plates, the fuel cell modules with the W-shaped structures can form fuel gas channels and oxidant gas channels at two sides without high-temperature sealing, the sealing is simple, meanwhile, the fuel gas channels and the oxidant gas channels formed by the fuel cell modules with the W-shaped structures have small resistance, the current transmission path is short, the fuel cell has good energy density, the output power is relatively high, the operation is more stable, and the performance is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a fuel cell unit in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom structure view of the air inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the air inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box of the utility model.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a solid oxide fuel cell stack structure includes a fuel cell unit 1, an air inlet distribution box 2 and a waste gas collection box 3, the air inlet distribution box 2 and the waste gas collection box 3 are respectively installed at two ends of the fuel cell unit 1, the air inlet distribution box 2 is provided with a fuel gas inlet pipe 4 and an oxidant gas inlet pipe 5, and the waste gas collection box 3 is provided with a fuel gas and waste gas outlet pipe 6 and an oxidant gas and waste gas outlet pipe 7.
The utility model adopts the installation at both ends of the fuel cell unit 1, the gas inlet distribution box 2 and the waste gas collection box 3 are respectively provided with a fuel gas inlet pipe 4, an oxidant gas inlet pipe 5, a fuel gas waste gas outlet pipe 6 and an oxidant gas waste gas outlet pipe 7, the fuel gas inlet pipe 4 and the fuel gas waste gas outlet pipe 6 are inserted at both ends of the fuel gas channel of the fuel cell unit 1, the oxidant gas inlet pipe 5 and the oxidant gas waste gas outlet pipe 7 are inserted at both ends of the oxidant gas channel, thus realizing the connection of the gas inlet distribution box 2, the waste gas collection box 3 and the fuel cell unit 1. Meanwhile, the two sides of the bottom of the air inlet distribution box 2 and the two sides of the bottom of the waste gas collecting box 3 are respectively provided with a first fixing plate 28, the two sides of the top and the bottom of the shell 8 are respectively provided with a second fixing plate 29, and the first fixing plate 28 and the second fixing plate 29 are connected through bolts, so that the air inlet distribution box 2, the waste gas collecting box 3 and the fuel cell unit 1 can be connected more reliably and stably. And also, in view of the sealing problem, high-temperature sealing can be performed between the intake air distribution box 2, the exhaust gas collection box 3, and the fuel cell unit 1.
Wherein, the fuel cell unit 1 mainly comprises a shell 8, a cathode conductive support plate 9, a cathode plate 10, an anode plate 11 and an electrolytic medium layer 12, a plurality of cathode conductive support plates 9 are arranged in the shell 8, two fuel cell modules are arranged between two adjacent cathode conductive support plates 9, each fuel cell module is of a continuous W-shaped structure and mainly comprises a cathode plate 10, an anode plate 11 and an electrolytic medium layer 12 arranged between the cathode plate 10 and the anode plate 11, the anode plates of the two fuel cell modules are contacted, a plurality of fuel gas channels 13 are formed between the two anode plates, the cathode plates of the fuel cell modules are respectively contacted with the cathode conductive support plates 9, a plurality of oxidant gas channels 14 are formed between the cathode plates and the cathode conductive support plates, one ends of the cathode conductive support plates 9 are connected through a conductive connecting rod 15, and the other ends are provided with cathode leading-out rods 16, the anode plates 11 are connected by an anode lead-out rod 17, a cathode lead-out rod 16 and the anode lead-out rod 17 both extend to the outside of the case, and insulating ceramic bodies 18 are respectively installed on both sides of the fuel cell module and between the cathode conductive support plate and the case.
The fuel cell unit adopts and installs the electrically conductive backup pad of a plurality of cathodes in the casing, and the electrically conductive backup pad of cathode can also be with the electric current of assembling the cathode when separating the passageway, and the electric current of being convenient for can pass through between, shortens the route that the electric current passes through. The fuel cell module with a continuous W-shaped structure is arranged between the cathode conductive support plates, so that a fuel gas channel and an oxidant gas channel can be formed on two sides of the fuel cell module, good separation of anode gas and cathode gas can be realized by using the structure, and the power generation performance and long-term stability of the solid oxide fuel cell stack are effectively improved. The fuel cell module is composed of a cathode plate 10, an anode plate 11 and an electrolyte layer 12, wherein the cathode plate leads current through a cathode conductive support plate, and the anode plate leads current through an anode lead-out rod. The anode plate is made of a porous structure made of metal ceramics, the cathode plate is made of a porous structure made of perovskite type composite oxide, and the electrolytic medium layer is made of rare earth ion doped cerium oxide or rare earth ion doped zirconium oxide. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas have enough contact area with the fuel cell module, the contact area between the cathode conductive support plate and the cathode plate is as small as possible.
In addition, the structure of the gas inlet distribution box 2 is the same as that of the waste gas collecting box 3, and the gas inlet distribution box 2 and the waste gas collecting box 3 are mainly composed of a box body 19, a fuel gas insertion tube 20 and an oxidant gas insertion tube 21, the bottom of the box body 19 is provided with a plurality of fuel gas insertion tubes 20 and oxidant gas insertion tubes 21, the plurality of fuel gas insertion tubes 20 and oxidant gas insertion tubes 21 are respectively inserted at two ends of the fuel gas channel 20 and two ends of the oxidant gas channel 21, the box body 19 is internally provided with a plurality of W-shaped partition plates 22, the W-shaped partition plates 22 are respectively positioned between the pipe openings of the fuel gas insertion tubes 20 and the oxidant gas insertion tubes 21, the top parts of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the box body 19 are respectively connected to the box body 19 through first connecting plates 23, the bottom parts of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the pipe openings of the oxidant gas insertion tubes 21 are connected through second connecting plates 24, the top parts of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the fuel gas insertion tubes 20 are connected through third connecting plates 25, the bottoms of the first connecting plate 23, the second connecting plate 24 and the third connecting plate 25 are mounted on the tank body 19, the tank body is divided into a fuel gas chamber 26 and an oxidant gas chamber 27 by the W-shaped partition plate 22, the first connecting plate 23, the second connecting plate 24 and the third connecting plate 25, a sealing cover is mounted on the top of the tank body 19, and the fuel gas inlet pipe 4 and the oxidant gas inlet pipe 5 are respectively connected to the fuel gas chamber 26 and the oxidant gas chamber 27. The intake distribution box 2 and the exhaust gas collection box 3 are partitioned into a fuel gas chamber 26 and an oxidant gas chamber 27 by a W-shaped partition plate 22, a first connection plate 23, a second connection plate 24, and a third connection plate 25, respectively. The air inlet distribution box 2 and the waste gas collecting box 3 can be adjusted according to air inlet modes, for example, a fuel gas cavity and an oxidant gas waste gas cavity are arranged in the air inlet distribution box 2, and an oxidant gas cavity and a fuel gas waste gas cavity are arranged in the waste gas collecting box 3; or a fuel gas cavity and an oxidant gas cavity are arranged in the gas inlet distribution box 2, and an oxidant gas waste gas cavity and a fuel gas waste gas cavity are arranged in the waste gas collecting box 3, so that the use is more flexible and convenient.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, but rather, any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A solid oxide fuel cell stack structure characterized by: the fuel cell comprises a fuel cell unit, an air inlet distribution box and a waste gas collection box, wherein the air inlet distribution box and the waste gas collection box are respectively arranged at two ends of the fuel cell unit, a fuel gas inlet pipe and an oxidant gas inlet pipe are arranged on the air inlet distribution box, and a fuel gas and waste gas outlet pipe and an oxidant gas and waste gas outlet pipe are arranged on the waste gas collection box;
the fuel cell unit mainly comprises a shell, cathode conductive support plates, cathode plates, anode plates and an electrolytic medium layer, wherein a plurality of cathode conductive support plates are arranged in the shell, two fuel cell modules are arranged between every two adjacent cathode conductive support plates, each fuel cell module is of a continuous W-shaped structure and mainly comprises a cathode plate, an anode plate and an electrolytic medium layer arranged between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the anode plates of the two fuel cell modules are contacted, a plurality of fuel gas channels are formed between the two anode plates, the cathode plates of the fuel cell modules are respectively contacted with the cathode conductive support plates, a plurality of oxidant gas channels are formed between the cathode plates and the cathode conductive support plates, one ends of the cathode conductive support plates are connected through conductive connecting rods, and cathode leading-out rods are arranged at the other ends of the cathode conductive support plates, the anode plates are connected through anode leading-out rods, the cathode leading-out rods and the anode leading-out rods extend to the outside of the shell, and insulating ceramic bodies are respectively arranged on two sides of the fuel cell module and between the cathode conductive supporting plate and the shell.
2. A solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the gas inlet distribution box is the same as that of the waste gas collecting box, and the gas inlet distribution box and the waste gas collecting box are both mainly composed of a box body, a fuel gas insertion pipe and an oxidant gas insertion pipe, the bottom of the box body is provided with a plurality of fuel gas insertion pipes and oxidant gas insertion pipes, the fuel gas insertion pipes and the oxidant gas insertion pipes are respectively used for being inserted at two ends of a fuel gas channel and two ends of an oxidant gas channel, a plurality of W-shaped partition plates are arranged in the box body and are respectively positioned between pipe orifices of the fuel gas insertion pipes and the oxidant gas insertion pipes, the tops of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the box body are respectively connected to the box body through first connecting plates, the bottoms of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the pipe orifice of the oxidant gas insertion pipe are connected through second connecting plates, the tops of the W-shaped partition plates at two sides of the pipe orifice of the fuel gas insertion pipe are connected through third connecting plates, the second connecting plates, The bottom of the third connecting plate is arranged on the box body, the W-shaped partition plate, the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate divide the box body into a fuel gas cavity and an oxidant gas cavity, the top of the box body is provided with a sealing cover, and the fuel gas inlet pipe and the oxidant gas inlet pipe are respectively connected to the fuel gas cavity and the oxidant gas cavity.
3. A solid oxide fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the exhaust gas collecting device is characterized in that first fixing plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the gas inlet distribution box and two sides of the bottom of the exhaust gas collecting box, second fixing plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the top and two sides of the bottom of the shell, and the first fixing plates and the second fixing plates are connected through bolts.
CN202122658667.9U 2021-11-02 2021-11-02 Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure Active CN216213599U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202122658667.9U CN216213599U (en) 2021-11-02 2021-11-02 Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202122658667.9U CN216213599U (en) 2021-11-02 2021-11-02 Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN216213599U true CN216213599U (en) 2022-04-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202122658667.9U Active CN216213599U (en) 2021-11-02 2021-11-02 Solid oxide fuel cell stack structure

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CN (1) CN216213599U (en)

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