CN216213585U - Tail exhaust recycling structure of fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses fuel cell system's tail is arranged and is recycled structure includes: the device comprises a galvanic pile and an oxygen supply system, wherein the galvanic pile comprises a cathode and an anode, and a hydrogen outlet and a water outlet are arranged on the anode; wherein the hydrogen outlet and/or water outlet is connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system. The water generated at the anode side of the fuel cell stack is recycled, so that the service life of the humidifier is prolonged; and the tail gas hydrogen concentration is reduced.

Description

Tail exhaust recycling structure of fuel cell system

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of fuel cells, and more particularly, to a tail gas recycling structure of a fuel cell system.

Background

A fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, and only an electrochemical reaction occurs without a combustion process. The engine will potentially have high reliability and long life, and the fuel cell will produce water when fueled by hydrogen and oxygen, be non-polluting and be recyclable. The fuel cell has the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution, long service life, high reliability and the like, can be used as a substitute product of an automobile internal combustion engine, and can also be applied to a small centralized power supply or distributed power supply system. Because the fuel cell directly converts chemical energy into electric energy, the efficiency of the fuel cell is far higher than that of an internal combustion engine, and the fuel cell is a green and environment-friendly energy source and has great development potential and application prospect.

In current fuel cell systems, hydrogen and oxygen react at both sides of a proton exchange membrane inside a stack and produce water at the air side. The water content of a fuel cell stack is a key indicator that affects the performance of the fuel cell. In the reaction process of the fuel cell stack, the proton exchange membrane needs to maintain certain humidity to ensure higher reaction efficiency, so that a reaction medium needs to carry a certain amount of water vapor into the stack, and the step is usually realized by a humidifier; if the generated water is not drained in time, flooding can be caused, but if the drained water is too dry, the membrane is dry, and the flooding and the membrane are both influenced on the operation of the system.

The hydrogen ions reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane and react with the oxygen ions to generate water, and the water is transferred from the cathode to the anode under the pushing of the water concentration gradient on the two sides of the membrane, so that the exhaust/drainage water on the anode side contains water vapor and hydrogen, the water is discharged along with the tail to cause great resource waste, and meanwhile, the higher hydrogen concentration is concentrated on the tail discharge water.

Disclosure of Invention

The application discloses fuel cell system's tail is arranged and is recycled structure includes: electric pile, oxygen supply system, wherein

The electric pile comprises a cathode and an anode, and a hydrogen outlet and a water outlet are arranged on the anode; wherein

The hydrogen outlet and/or the water outlet are connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system.

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen outlet is connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system via a flow divider, and/or

The water outlet is connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system through a water separator.

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen outlet and/or the water outlet is connected to a flow path that leads to any one of: air compressor machine, intercooler, humidifier.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: a controller, a tail exhaust valve and a sensor; the controller is electrically connected with the sensor and the tail exhaust valve.

In a preferred example, the sensor is a humidity sensor, is arranged in the flow path of the oxygen supply system and is configured to measure the real-time water content value on the flow path of the oxygen supply system;

the tail discharge valve is arranged on the water outlet;

the controller is stored with a fixed period T1 and is configured to control the tail valve to be opened according to the fixed period T1 to deliver water in the galvanic pile to a flow path of an oxygen supply system.

In a preferred example, the sensor is a hydrogen concentration sensor, is arranged at the hydrogen outlet of the galvanic pile and is configured to measure the real-time hydrogen concentration value of the galvanic pile;

the tail exhaust valve is arranged on the hydrogen outlet;

the controller is stored with a fixed period T2 and is configured to control the tail valve to be opened according to the fixed period T2, so that hydrogen is delivered to a flow path of an oxygen supply system to be fully mixed with air, and the hydrogen concentration is reduced.

The application has at least the following technical effects:

1. the water generated at the anode side of the fuel cell stack is recycled, so that the service life of the humidifier is prolonged; 2. the concentration of tail exhaust hydrogen is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tail bank reuse structure of a fuel cell system according to the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tail gas reuse structure of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tail gas reuse structure of a fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

1-electric pile

101-air inlet

102-air outlet

103-Hydrogen gas inlet

104-Hydrogen outlet

105-Water Outlet

2-oxygen supply system

500-tail exhaust valve

Detailed Description

In the following description, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions claimed in the present application may be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

Term(s) for

As used herein, the terms "tail bank reuse structure of a fuel cell system", "tail bank reuse structure", "tail bank structure", "reuse structure" are used interchangeably to refer to the tail bank reuse structure of the fuel cell system of the present application.

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The tail gas recycling structure of the fuel cell system of the present application is shown in fig. 1, and includes: a galvanic pile 1 and an oxygen supply system 2. The oxygen supply system 2 generally includes an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, and a humidifier. The stack 1 includes an anode and a cathode. The cathode is provided with an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102, and the air inlet 101 is used for receiving oxygen supplied from an oxygen supply system. The anode is provided with a hydrogen inlet 103, a hydrogen outlet 104, and a water outlet 105. In one embodiment, the hydrogen outlet and the water outlet are combined into one tail outlet. The hydrogen inlet is used for supplying hydrogen for reaction, and the hydrogen outlet is used for discharging residual hydrogen waste gas. The cell reaction produces water at the cathode which is transported from the cathode to the anode by the water concentration gradient across the membrane, whereby the exhaust/drain on the anode side contains water vapor and hydrogen. The water outlet 105 is used to discharge the water of the anode out of the cell.

The hydrogen outlet 104 and the water outlet 105 may be connected to a flow path of the oxygen supply system, and the flow path may be to any one of an air compressor, an intercooler, and a humidifier. The tail bleed hydrogen is coupled to the feed system for mixing with the feed air to reduce the tail bleed hydrogen concentration. The tail drain is connected to the oxygen supply system, effectively increasing the humidity of the supply air before it enters the humidifier. In one embodiment, the hydrogen outlet 104 has a flow splitter and is connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system (e.g., the humidifier inlet) via the flow splitter. In one embodiment, the water outlet 105 has a water trap and is connected through the water trap into a flow path (e.g., a humidifier inlet) of the oxygen supply system.

In some embodiments, the tail bank structure further comprises a controller, a tail bank valve and a sensor. The tail valve may be connected to the hydrogen outlet 104 or to the water outlet 105. The controller is electrically connected with the sensor and the tail exhaust valve. The tail row structure can supply water to an oxygen supply system in a certain period, or deliver hydrogen to an air flow path in a certain period, and reduce the hydrogen concentration after mixing with a large amount of air.

In order to reliably control the preset operation parameters, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the control is performed according to the preset operation parameters related to the real-time water content and the water content of the oxygen supply system, specifically:

in one embodiment, the sensor is a humidity sensor disposed in a flow path of the oxygen supply system (e.g., an intercooler outlet), and the exhaust valve is disposed on the water outlet 105, and the opening and closing of the exhaust valve controls whether water in the stack is supplied to the oxygen supply system.

In one embodiment, the sensor is a hydrogen concentration sensor disposed at the hydrogen outlet 104 of the stack for measuring the real-time hydrogen concentration value of the stack. A tail valve is provided at the hydrogen outlet 104.

To reduce the hydrogen concentration.

In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the following description is given with reference to specific examples, wherein the listed details are mainly for the understanding purpose and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

Example 1 tail drainage utilization

The tail gas recycling structure of the present embodiment has a hydrogen gas outlet 104 and a water outlet 105. The water outlet 105 is connected to the humidifier inlet of the oxygen supply system via a water separator.

The sensor is a humidity sensor which is arranged on a pipeline from the humidifier to the middle of the fuel cell stack and used for monitoring the humidity of air entering the fuel cell stack, the tail discharge valve is arranged on the water outlet 105, and whether the water in the stack is supplied to the oxygen supply system is controlled by the on-off of the tail discharge valve.

The controller stores a fixed period T1, T1 is 30 seconds, namely the controller sends an enabling command to the tail valve to open once every 30 seconds, and water generated after the reactor reaction is conveyed to a flow path of the oxygen supply system for increasing the humidity of the supplied air.

After a period of time, a real-time water content measurement of 50% was measured, the air humidity of the oxygen supply system was effectively increased and the humidifier power could be significantly reduced.

Example 2 tail gas exhaust gas utilization

The tail gas recycling structure of the present embodiment has a hydrogen gas outlet 104 and a water outlet 105. The hydrogen outlet 104 is connected to the humidifier inlet of the oxygen supply system via a flow splitter.

The sensor is a hydrogen concentration sensor, is arranged at the hydrogen outlet 104 of the galvanic pile and is used for measuring the real-time hydrogen concentration value of the galvanic pile. A tail valve is provided at the hydrogen outlet 104.

The real-time hydrogen concentration value was 5500 ppm.

The controller stores a fixed period T2, T2 is 15 seconds, namely the controller sends an enabling command to the tail valve to open once every 15 seconds, and the controller sends the enabling command to open the tail valve to convey the hydrogen left in the electric pile to a flow path of the oxygen supply system to be mixed with air so as to reduce the hydrogen concentration.

After a period of time, the real-time hydrogen concentration is 3000ppm, and the hydrogen concentration of the galvanic pile is effectively reduced.

All documents mentioned in this application are to be considered as being incorporated in their entirety into the disclosure of this application so as to be subject to modification as necessary. Further, it is understood that various changes or modifications may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art after reading the above disclosure of the present application, and such equivalents are also within the scope of the present application as claimed.

Claims (6)

1. A tail gas reuse structure of a fuel cell system, comprising: electric pile, oxygen supply system, wherein

The electric pile comprises a cathode and an anode, and a hydrogen outlet and a water outlet are arranged on the anode; wherein

The hydrogen outlet and/or the water outlet are connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system.

2. The tail gas reuse structure according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas outlet is connected to a flow path of an oxygen supply system through a flow divider, and/or

The water outlet is connected to the flow path of the oxygen supply system through a water separator.

3. The tail gas reuse structure according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas outlet and/or the water outlet are connected to a flow path that is communicated to any one of: air compressor machine, intercooler, humidifier.

4. The tail row reuse structure according to claim 1, further comprising: a controller, a tail exhaust valve and a sensor; the controller is electrically connected with the sensor and the tail exhaust valve.

5. The tail gas reuse structure according to claim 4, wherein the sensor is a humidity sensor disposed in the flow path of the oxygen supply system configured to measure a real-time moisture content value on the flow path of the oxygen supply system;

the tail discharge valve is arranged on the water outlet;

the controller is stored with a fixed period T1 and is configured to control the tail valve to be opened according to the fixed period T1 to deliver water in the galvanic pile to a flow path of an oxygen supply system.

6. The tail gas reuse structure according to claim 4, wherein the sensor is a hydrogen concentration sensor disposed at the hydrogen outlet of the stack, configured to measure a real-time hydrogen concentration value of the stack;

the tail exhaust valve is arranged on the hydrogen outlet;

the controller is stored with a fixed period T2 and is configured to control the tail valve to be opened according to the fixed period T2, so that hydrogen is delivered to a flow path of an oxygen supply system to be fully mixed with air, and the hydrogen concentration is reduced.

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