CN216213580U

CN216213580U - Fuel cell system

Info

Publication number: CN216213580U
Application number: CN202122749875.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李文; 卢勇; 刘海斌; 任正新
Original assignee: Jiangsu Qingneng Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Qingneng Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-11
Filing date: 2021-11-11
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell system, relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problems that internal parts of an air compressor are overheated to reduce the efficiency of the air compressor due to overhigh temperature of the air compressor, and water resources penetrating to the anode side are wasted due to water vapor contained in drainage water on the anode side of the fuel cell system. The fuel cell comprises a hydrogen inlet end, an air inlet end and a water discharge end, wherein the air inlet end is communicated with an air compressor for pressurizing air, and the water discharge end is communicated with the inlet end of the air compressor; the air compressor is communicated with an air inlet end through a humidifying passage and a drying passage which are connected in parallel, and a humidifying device is arranged on the humidifying passage. The temperature in the cavity is effectively reduced, the heat dissipation loss is reduced, and the efficiency of the air compressor is improved; and meanwhile, the water vapor entering the air compressor can further humidify the air, so that the effect of the humidity of the inlet of the electric pile is improved.

Description

Fuel cell system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell system.

Background

The air compressor is an important part of a cathode air supply system of the fuel cell, and can improve the power density and efficiency of the fuel cell and reduce the size of the fuel cell system by pressurizing air.

However, the parasitic power consumption of the air compressor is large, the performance of the air compressor directly affects the efficiency of the fuel cell system, and the overheating of internal parts of the air compressor is caused by the overhigh temperature of the air compressor, so that the heat loss of the air compressor is increased, and the efficiency of the air compressor is reduced;

in addition, the water drained from the anode side of the fuel cell system contains water vapor, which is drained to the atmosphere along with the tail end of the system, and this situation causes waste of water resources penetrating into the anode side.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a fuel cell system, which discharges hydrogen side drainage of a galvanic pile to an inlet of an air compressor, and part of water vapor can directly enter a cavity of an impeller of the air compressor and can effectively reduce the temperature in the cavity, reduce heat dissipation loss and improve the efficiency of the air compressor through evaporation; and meanwhile, the water vapor entering the air compressor can further humidify the air, so that the humidity of the inlet of the electric pile is improved.

The technical purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

a fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen inlet end, an air inlet end and a water discharging end, the air inlet end is communicated with an air compressor for pressurizing air, and the water discharging end is communicated with the inlet end of the air compressor; the air compressor is communicated with an air inlet end through a humidifying passage and a drying passage which are connected in parallel, and a humidifying device is arranged on the humidifying passage.

Further, another humidifying device is connected to the hydrogen inlet end.

Furthermore, the humidifying device comprises a humidifying box, the bottom of the humidifying box is provided with an air inlet, the top of the humidifying box is provided with an air outlet, a plurality of partition plates which are distributed in a vertically staggered mode are arranged in the humidifying box, and the partition plates divide the interior of the humidifying box into serpentine channels.

Furthermore, the top of the partition board is connected with a mounting groove, the bottom of the partition board is connected with a mounting block matched with the mounting groove, and the mounting block is inserted into the mounting groove in the adjacent partition board below.

Furthermore, a heating element is arranged in the humidifying box.

Furthermore, the water discharging end is communicated with an electric three-way valve, and the outlet end of the electric three-way valve is communicated with the inlet end and the discharge port of the air compressor.

Furthermore, the humidifying passage and the drying passage are both provided with electric control valves for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding passages.

Still further, the air compressor is a roots type compressor or a screw compressor.

In conclusion, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

when the fuel cell starts to work, the humidifying effect is improved through a tortuous passage arranged in the humidifying box, and the inlet humidity of the electric pile is improved;

after working for a period of time, discharging water discharged from the hydrogen side of the electric pile to an inlet of the air compressor, wherein part of water vapor can directly enter an impeller cavity of the air compressor, and the temperature of the impeller cavity is 80-120 ℃, so that liquid water is discharged and evaporated, the temperature in the cavity can be effectively reduced, the heat dissipation loss is reduced, and the efficiency of the air compressor is improved;

meanwhile, the water vapor entering the air compressor can further humidify the air, the humidity of the inlet of the galvanic pile is improved, the waste of water resources is reduced, and the water adding frequency in the humidifying box is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a humidifying box section in the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a fuel cell; 11. a hydrogen inlet port; 12. an air inlet port; 121. a humidification path; 122. a drying passage; 13. a drainage end; 14. a discharge port; 2. an air compressor; 21. an intercooler; 3. a humidifying box; 31. a partition plate; 311. mounting grooves; 312. mounting blocks; 32. a heating member.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings, and the present embodiment is not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

A fuel cell system, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a fuel cell 1, the fuel cell 1 including a reactor stack, which is communicated with a hydrogen inlet port 11, an air inlet port 12 and a water discharge port 13,

as shown in fig. 1, the air inlet end 12 is communicated with an air compressor 2 for pressurizing air, specifically, the air compressor 2 is a roots compressor or a screw compressor; the outlet end of the air compressor 2 is communicated with an intercooler 21, the other end of the intercooler 21 is communicated with a humidifying passage 121 and a drying passage 122 which are connected in parallel, and the other ends of the humidifying passage 121 and the drying passage 122 are communicated with the air inlet end 12;

the oxygen is compressed by an air compressor 2, cooled by an intercooler 21, humidified by a humidifying passage 121, and then fed into the electric reactor for reaction.

As shown in fig. 1, the air compressor 2 is connected to the air inlet end 12 through a humidification passage 121 and a drying passage 122 which are connected in parallel, the humidification passage 121 is provided with a humidification device, the hydrogen inlet end 11 is connected with another humidification device, and a hydrogen source is humidified by the humidification device and then enters the electric pile for reaction;

the humidifying passage 121 and the drying passage 122 are both provided with an electric control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding passages so as to switch the passages, humidification is carried out through the humidifying passage 121 during work, and after work is finished, the drying passage 122 bypasses the humidifying device to send dry gas to the galvanic pile for purging, and residual water vapor is discharged.

As shown in fig. 2, the humidifying device comprises a humidifying box 3 positioned in the fuel cell, the bottom of the humidifying box is provided with an air inlet communicated with a hydrogen source or an intercooler 21, and the top of the humidifying box is provided with an air outlet communicated with the cell stack for reaction;

in order to improve the humidification effect, a plurality of baffle plates 31 which are distributed in a vertically staggered manner are arranged in the humidification box 3, and the baffle plates 31 divide the interior of the humidification box 3 into serpentine channels in the vertical direction so as to increase the total path of gas circulation and improve the humidification effect.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to facilitate maintenance work such as installation and cleaning, the top of the partition plate 31 is connected with two sets of installation slots 311, the bottom of the partition plate 31 is connected with two sets of installation blocks 312 matched with the installation slots 311, and the installation blocks 312 are inserted into the installation slots 311 of the adjacent partition plate 31 below;

in this embodiment, the mounting blocks 312 are two vertical mounting rods symmetrically arranged; the bottom of the humidifying box 3 is also fixed with a mounting groove 311, and a mounting block 312 on the bottom clapboard 31 is inserted in the mounting groove 311 at the bottom of the box body; the top of the humidifying box 3 is fixed with a cover body through a screw, and the inner side of the cover body is fixed with a mounting block 312 to be inserted into a mounting groove 311 on the uppermost partition plate 31.

As shown in FIG. 2, in order to ensure the effect of the humidifying box 3 in a low temperature environment, an electric heating element 32 is fixed at the bottom of the humidifying box 3, and in order to supplement or replace water in the humidifying box 3, the bottom of the humidifying box 3 is respectively communicated with a water tank and a waste liquid tank through a pump and an on-off valve.

As shown in fig. 1, the water discharge end 13 is communicated with the inlet end of the air compressor 2; specifically, drainage end 13 communicates in electronic three-way valve, and electronic three-way valve exit end communicates in 2 entrance points of air compressor machine and discharge port 14, and the during operation communicates in 2 entrance points of air compressor machine, and during the sweeping, directly discharge through discharge port 14.

The working principle is as follows:

when in use, the utility model is used for cleaning the inner wall of the tank,

air is compressed by a compressor 2, cooled by an intercooler 21, humidified by a humidifying passage 121, introduced into an electric pile for reaction,

meanwhile, the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank is humidified by a humidifying box 3 and then is introduced into the hydrogen side of the galvanic pile for reaction;

the hydrogen side drainage of the galvanic pile is discharged to the air compressor inlet through the electric three-way valve, and the water vapor of the part can directly enter the impeller cavity of the air compressor and can effectively reduce the temperature in the cavity through evaporation, thereby reducing the heat dissipation loss and improving the efficiency of the air compressor.

After the work is finished, the operation of the device is finished,

air is controlled by an electric control valve to pass through the drying passage 122, the humidifying device is bypassed, dry gas is sent to the galvanic pile for purging, residual water vapor is discharged, and the discharged water vapor is controlled by an electric three-way valve to be discharged from the discharge port 14.

While the utility model has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system characterized by: the fuel cell comprises a fuel cell (1), wherein the fuel cell (1) comprises a hydrogen inlet end (11), an air inlet end (12) and a drainage end (13), the air inlet end (12) is communicated with an air compressor (2) for pressurizing air, and the drainage end (13) is communicated with the inlet end of the air compressor (2); the air compressor (2) is communicated with the air inlet end (12) through a humidifying passage (121) and a drying passage (122) which are connected in parallel, and a humidifying device is arranged on the humidifying passage (121).

2. A fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen inlet end (11) is connected with another humidifying device.

3. A fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the humidifying device comprises a humidifying box (3), an air inlet is formed in the bottom of the humidifying box, an air outlet is formed in the top of the humidifying box, a plurality of partition plates (31) which are distributed in a vertically staggered mode are arranged in the humidifying box (3), and the inside of the humidifying box (3) is separated into a snake-shaped channel through the partition plates (31).

4. A fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein: the top of the partition board (31) is connected with a mounting groove (311), the bottom of the partition board is connected with a mounting block (312) matched with the mounting groove (311), and the mounting block (312) is inserted into the mounting groove (311) on the adjacent partition board (31) below.

5. A fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein: a heating element (32) is arranged in the humidifying box (3).

6. A fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drainage end (13) is communicated with an electric three-way valve, and the outlet end of the electric three-way valve is communicated with the inlet end and the discharge port (14) of the air compressor (2).

7. A fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the humidifying passage (121) and the drying passage (122) are provided with electric control valves for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding passages.

8. A fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air compressor (2) is a Roots compressor or a screw compressor.