CN216183366U

CN216183366U - Thermal insulation structure and energy-saving cooling tall and big one-storey house granary

Info

Publication number: CN216183366U
Application number: CN202122559780.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁铁山; 郭晓宇; 王海强
Original assignee: Tianjin Puze Construction Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Puze Construction Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-21

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal insulation structure and a high and large one-storey house granary capable of saving energy and reducing temperature, and relates to the technical field of granaries. The utility model comprises a heat reflection heat insulation coating layer, a waterproof layer, a heat insulation base layer and a heat insulation layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The heat insulation structure is arranged on the outer side of the top, the outer side of the wall and the outer side of the bottom of the tall and large bungalow granary to form a heat insulation layer, and the heat outside the granary is blocked from being transferred to the grain pile, so that the original integral lower-temperature state of the grain pile is kept, and the grain is safely stored. The utility model is suitable for being applied to the grain bin with a large horizontal room, in particular to the grain bin with the large horizontal room for storing high-moisture grain varieties, and realizes the improvement of the heat insulation performance of the wall body of the grain bin under the condition of not changing the basic structure of the grain bin.

Description

Thermal insulation structure and energy-saving cooling tall and big one-storey house granary

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of granaries, in particular to a high and large one-storey-house granary with a heat insulation structure and an energy-saving and temperature-reducing function.

Background

Grain is an important strategic material and a special commodity which relate to national economic development and social harmony and stability, and grain safety plays an important role in national economic safety. Grain temperature is an important factor affecting grain quality. Researches show that the temperature of grains in the granary is controlled below 15 ℃, and good quality can be kept for a long time without extra measures. However, most of the main production areas of food in China have the climate characteristics of being cold in winter and hot in summer, the temperature of the grain stacks is reduced by using mechanical ventilation in winter, so that the food can safely live through the winter at a lower temperature, the climate in summer is hot (particularly in the southern areas of China), 80% of external heat is transferred from the top of the granary to the interior of the granary, and further the grain temperature of the grain stacks is increased or the phenomenon of 'hot skin and cold core' occurs, and further the food is damaged or mildewed and deteriorated, so that the food safety is endangered. At present, mechanical ventilation is generally cooled by a fan or an air conditioner, and some mechanical ventilation adopts an automatic spraying cooling device; the heat insulation measures generally adopt heat insulation boards or wall air cooling heat insulation devices. Although they can effectively reduce the storage temperature of a tall and large horizontal warehouse, the temperature of the warehouse is high in summer, the temperature of the warehouse can reach more than 35 ℃, the temperature of the grain can reach more than 27 ℃, and a large amount of electric energy is consumed if the temperature of the warehouse is continuously maintained for a long time.

More than seventy percent of the active grain bins in China are tall and big single-storey house grain bins. Research shows that the heat quantity transferred from the top of the high-large single-storey-house granary to the grain pile is about 12-15 times of the heat quantity transferred from the wall, so that the heat insulation performance of the upper part of the high-large single-storey-house granary is an important factor for ensuring the temperature of the grain pile. At present, the main heat insulation method of the granary comprises a ceiling technology and a grain surface pressing cover technology, wherein the ceiling technology is to additionally arrange a supporting structure and a heat insulation plate below a roof so as to block heat from the top of the granary, and the grain surface pressing cover technology is to press a heat insulation material (such as a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate or rice husks with the thickness of 10-15 cm) on the top surface of the granary so as to block heat from the top of the granary.

Although the existing ceiling technology or grain surface capping technology can effectively slow down the temperature rise of the grain heap in spring, the ceiling technology and the grain surface capping technology do not essentially eliminate the heat transmitted from the top of the barn, and meanwhile, as the thickness of the heat insulation layer or the heat insulation material is limited, the temperature of the grain heap still rises when the continuous high-temperature weather occurs in summer, so that the insect damage or the mildew of grains occur; and the furred ceiling technique needs to be under construction and reform transform the roof, causes the destruction of different degrees to original waterproof, gas tightness and bearing performance etc. of roof very easily at the transformation in-process, in case the roof leaks and will lead to grain to milden and rot, influences grain storage safety.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to provide a heat insulation structure capable of improving the sealing, heat preservation, and heat insulation performance of a tall and large horizontal warehouse.

In a second aspect, another object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving and temperature-reducing warehouse with a large bungalow, wherein the heat insulation structure is disposed on the outside of the top, the outside of the wall and the outside of the bottom of the warehouse to form a heat insulation layer, so as to block the transfer of the heat outside the warehouse to the grain pile, thereby keeping the original overall low temperature state of the grain pile, and achieving the purpose of safe storage of the grains.

The embodiment of the utility model is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a thermal insulation structure, which includes a heat-reflective thermal insulation coating layer, a waterproof layer, a thermal insulation base layer, and a thermal insulation layer sequentially disposed from top to bottom.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the waterproof layer includes a waterproof roll layer laid on the heat insulation base layer, a waterproof paint layer coated on the waterproof roll layer, and a nonwoven fabric layer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the waterproof layer is 4mm ≦ θ ≦ 5 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal insulation layer includes a polyurethane spray foam layer or a phenolic resin foam layer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is 50mm ≦ δ ≦ 100 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat insulation layer further comprises a fireproof paint layer disposed at the bottom of the heat insulation layer.

In a second aspect, the present embodiment provides an energy-saving and temperature-reducing barn with a tall and big single-storey house, which includes a barn wall and a barn roof formed by the above heat insulation structure, wherein the heat reflection heat insulation coating layer is disposed on one side far away from grains.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the waterproof coating layer and the heat-reflective insulating coating layer are sequentially disposed on the sidewall of the cabin wall from inside to outside.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal insulation structure further comprises a drainage channel disposed around the outer wall of the storage wall, wherein the drainage channel comprises a hollow microsphere thermal insulation layer disposed on the ground and a heat reflective thermal insulation coating layer disposed on the hollow microsphere thermal insulation layer.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model at least has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal insulation structure, which includes a heat-reflective thermal insulation coating layer, a waterproof layer, a thermal insulation base layer, and a thermal insulation layer, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom. According to the principle of spectrum, the characteristics that the heat reflection heat insulation coating layer can highly reflect and dissipate solar infrared rays and ultraviolet rays in the range of 400-2500 nm and can automatically dissipate and cool heat radiation are utilized, so that the heat on the surface of an object is radiated in the air, and the temperature of the object is reduced; the waterproof layer is used for performing waterproof treatment on the object, so that the service life is prolonged; the heat-insulating layer can carry out secondary heat insulation to the heat that absorbs, effectively stops the transmission of heat. The sealing, heat preservation and heat insulation performance of the utility model is obviously improved by multilayer design.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the application provides an energy-saving and temperature-reducing large and tall bungalow granary, which comprises a granary wall and a granary top consisting of the heat insulation structure, wherein a heat reflection heat insulation coating layer is arranged on one side far away from grains. The heat insulation structure is arranged on the outer side of the top of the tall and large bungalow granary, the outer side of the wall of the granary and the outer side of the bottom of the granary to form a heat insulation layer, and external moisture and heat can be effectively prevented from being transferred to the granary through the heat transmitted from the top of the granary, so that the original overall low-temperature state of the granary is kept, and the safe storage of grains is achieved. Because the top and the outer surface of the wall of the tall and big single-storey-house granary are coated with the heat-reflecting heat-insulating coating, the sealing performance and the heat-insulating performance of the top of the granary are improved after the whole granary is modified, the temperature in the granary can be effectively reduced by 5-12 ℃, the humidity in the granary can be kept, the grain storage quality is improved, and the loss is reduced; further prolonging the service life of the tall and big single-storey barn.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For a person skilled in the art, it is possible to derive other relevant figures from these figures without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thermal insulation structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy-saving cooling tall single-storey barn of the utility model.

Icon: 100. a thermally insulating base layer; 110. a waterproof roll layer; 120. a non-woven fabric layer; 130. a heat reflective insulation coating layer; 140. a thermal insulation layer; 150. a fire retardant coating layer; 160. hollow micro-bead heat-resistant layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are usually placed when the products of the present invention are used, the terms are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multi-layer" represents at least 2 layers.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a thermal insulation structure, which includes a heat reflective thermal insulation coating layer 130, a waterproof layer, a thermal insulation base layer 100 and a thermal insulation layer 140 sequentially disposed from top to bottom.

In the present embodiment, the heat insulation base layer 100 is a cement board used in construction, but may be other boards, such as concrete, masonry, wood, steel, asphalt, rubber, etc. Firstly, a SBS waterproof roll layer 110 with the thickness of 3.0mm or 4.0mm is paved on the side wall of the heat insulation base layer 100, then a polymer cement waterproof coating is coated on the SBS waterproof roll layer, then a non-woven fabric or glass fiber alkali-resistant mesh fabric is paved on the polymer cement waterproof coating to form a composite waterproof layer, so that the thickness of the waterproof layer is 4.0 mm-5.0 mm, the thickness of the waterproof layer can be increased to more than 5.0mm, although a good waterproof effect can be achieved, the cost is inevitably increased. The non-woven fabric is provided to prevent the thermal reflective insulation coating layer 130 from cracking and breaking due to thermal expansion and contraction. And finally, coating a heat reflection heat insulation coating layer 130 on the upper surface of the waterproof layer.

The polymer cement waterproof paint is a bi-component waterproof paint compounded by liquid material and matched powder material (composed of special cement, quartz powder and various additives) which are optimally combined by synthetic high molecular polymer emulsion (such as polyacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, styrene butadiene rubber emulsion and the like) and various additives, and is a waterproof material which has high elasticity of the synthetic high molecular polymer material and good durability of inorganic materials.

According to the building material industry standard JC/T1040-2007 Heat reflecting and insulating paint for building external surfaces of the people's republic of China, the definition is as follows: heat reflection heat insulation coating: the coating has higher solar reflectance and higher infrared emissivity. The main material of the high-quality heat-reflecting heat-insulating coating is composed of vacuum tiny elastic resin spheres treated by aluminum oxide, and the main material is finally formed in a painting film-forming object, so that a good heat-reflecting interface is formed on the surface of a coating, the heat reflectivity of the coating can reach over 90 percent, the vacuum spheres can also effectively block the conduction of the rest heat, and the vacuum spheres and the coating can simultaneously form a heat-insulating effect of up to 95 percent. This is an undesirable effect that other known materials cannot achieve. Compared with similar products adopting ceramic powder and glass beads, the elastic hollow spheres adopted in the coating have longer service life, better use ductility and impact resistance and better heat insulation effect.

In order to improve the heat insulation performance, a heat insulation layer 140 having a thickness of 50mm, which is formed of a polyurethane spray foam layer, is provided on the lower side wall (i.e., the ceiling wall) of the heat insulation base layer 100. The polyurethane spray foam material can be consistent with the shape of the heat insulation base layer 100; seamless butt joint can be realized, and the heat insulation effect is good; a dense protective skin layer is provided on the exterior of the insulation layer 140 to better protect the interior insulation substrate. In addition, polyurethane is an inert material, does not react with acids and bases, is not a food source for insects and rodents, and can keep the material properties and the heat preservation performance constant.

In some other embodiments, the polyurethane spray foam material may be replaced with a phenolic resin foam material, the phenolic resin being a condensation product of phenol and formaldehyde, which is a foam thereof. The phenolic resin is basically free of harmful substances after foaming and curing. The phenolic foam material belongs to a high-molecular organic hard aluminum foil foam product, is formed by foaming thermosetting phenolic resin, has the advantages of light weight, fire prevention, no combustion in open fire, no smoke, no toxicity, no dripping, no shrinkage and no embrittlement in a low-temperature environment with a wide application temperature range of (-196 ℃ to +200 ℃), is an ideal heat-insulating material for heating, ventilation and refrigeration engineering, and is low in heat conductivity coefficient, good in heat-insulating property, water-resistant and water vapor-permeable due to high pore-closing rate of the phenolic foam, so that the phenolic foam material is an ideal heat-insulating and energy-saving material.

In some other embodiments, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 140 may also be 60mm, 80mm or 100mm, which is not limited in this embodiment and can be selected according to local practical situations.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides the following technical solutions based on embodiment 1: and further includes a fire retardant coating layer 150 disposed on the bottom of the thermal insulation layer 140.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the polyurethane foam layer is coated with a fire retardant coating, which is applied to: firstly, the fire resistance of the material can be improved, the spreading and propagation speed of flame can be slowed down, or combustion can be stopped within a certain time; secondly, eggs and parasites of insects in the granary on the top wall in the granary are prevented, and the risk of insect damage is reduced; and thirdly, the protection effect on polyurethane spraying foaming is achieved.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an energy-saving and temperature-reducing barn with a large and large bungalow, which includes a barn top and a barn wall formed by the above-mentioned heat insulation structure, and the heat reflection heat insulation coating layer 130 is disposed on the side far from the grains.

The tall and big horizontal warehouse is one of the main grain storage warehouse types adopted in China at present. The improvement of the heat preservation and heat insulation performance of the granary enclosure structure plays a key role in realizing safe, economic and high-quality grain storage. The granary roof has the functions of safety, heat insulation and water resistance. The granary roof has large area and is the part of the granary enclosure structure which receives the strongest solar radiation, so the roof becomes the most important part of the granary enclosure structure heat insulation design.

The stored grains are suitable for storage at the temperature below 15 ℃, and the storage temperature is too high, so that the grains are condensed, heated and mildewed. However, when the grains are stored for a long time, under the influence of illumination, most grain warehouses are heated rapidly in the noon and the afternoon, the temperatures of the top and the upper part of the grain warehouse can even reach 40-50 ℃, the safe storage of the grains is seriously threatened, and particularly if the grains with high moisture content are stacked together, the grains are easy to heat up, top knot and mildew, and serious loss is caused.

In this embodiment, the length of the granary is 25m, the width is 15m, the height is 10m, the thermal insulation structure of the above embodiment 1 is adopted at the top of the granary, and the side of the heat reflection thermal insulation coating layer 130 faces the outside of the granary, so that the absorption of the granary to solar radiation heat can be reduced, the temperature rise inside the building caused by solar radiation heat is reduced, the electric power, the manpower and the equipment cost caused by cooling measures such as an air conditioner are reduced, a comfortable environment is created, and the grain storage quality is improved. And secondly, external moisture and heat transmitted from the top of the bin can be effectively prevented from being transferred to the grain pile, so that the original overall low-temperature state of the grain pile is kept, the temperature in the bin can be effectively reduced by 5-12 ℃, and the humidity in the bin is kept.

In some other embodiments, a waterproof coating layer and a heat reflective insulation coating layer 130 are sequentially disposed on the sidewall of the cabin wall from inside to outside. The heat reflection heat insulation coating layer 130 is positioned on the outermost layer, so that the exchange of internal and external gases around the granary can be prevented, and the air tightness of the granary can be improved; and the like, and can also avoid the mildew phenomenon of grains which are 50cm close to the wall.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides the following technical solutions based on embodiment 4: the heat-reflecting thermal insulation structure further comprises a drainage channel surrounding the outer wall of the cabin wall, wherein the drainage channel comprises a hollow microsphere thermal insulation layer 160 arranged on the ground and a heat-reflecting thermal insulation coating layer 130 arranged on the hollow microsphere thermal insulation layer 160.

In this embodiment, the heat-reflective thermal insulation coating is a novel cooling thermal insulation coating integrating reflection, radiation and hollow microsphere thermal insulation, and the coating structure arranged in the drainage channel can prevent heat absorbed by the road surface outside the barn and other objects from being transferred to the barn, so that the rise of the temperature of the grains is delayed, the hollow microsphere with extremely low heat conductivity coefficient is put into the coating to isolate the transfer of heat energy, and the internal space of the barn and the grain bulk can be kept in a lasting constant temperature state.

Example 5

The embodiment provides a construction process, which comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: after the granary is initially built, firstly cleaning the base surface on the outer side wall of the granary top to ensure that the base surface is dustless, soilless and oilless and keep the base surface relatively clean; the waterproof coating is prevented from cracking and peeling at the later stage, and the waterproof effect is prevented from being influenced.

The second step is that: hot compress and stick SBS waterproof coiled material on the base surface.

The third step: roll-coating a polymer cement waterproof coating on the SBS waterproof coiled material; before roller coating, the SBS waterproof coiled material is kept flat and clean, and is free of dust, grease, wax, a release agent and other debris substances.

The fourth step: after the polymer cement waterproof coating is roll-coated, a plurality of layers of polyester non-woven fabrics (also can be alkali-resistant gridding fabrics) are adhered.

The fifth step: and after the polyester non-woven fabric pasting process is finished for 12 hours and the moisture content is less than 10%, rolling the polymer cement waterproof coating again to form a complete flat coating waterproof layer.

And a sixth step: and after the waterproof working procedure (the fifth step) is finished for 10 days, brushing the heat-reflecting heat-insulating paint twice when the waterproof coating is dried (the water content is less than 5%). The interval between the two constructions is more than 6 hours, and finally the surface heat reflection heat insulation coating which is perfect, smooth, fine, white, free of bubbles, free of pile coating and free of coating leakage is formed.

In summary, the embodiment of the utility model provides a thermal insulation structure, which includes a heat reflective thermal insulation coating layer 130, a waterproof layer, a thermal insulation base layer 100 and a thermal insulation layer 140 sequentially disposed from top to bottom. According to the principle of spectrum, the characteristics that the heat reflection heat insulation coating layer 130 can highly reflect and dissipate solar infrared rays and ultraviolet rays in the range of 400 nm-2500 nm and can automatically dissipate and cool heat radiation are utilized, so that heat on the surface of an object is radiated in the air, and the temperature of the object is reduced; the waterproof layer is used for performing waterproof treatment on the object, so that the service life is prolonged; the thermal insulation layer 140 can secondarily insulate the absorbed heat, thereby effectively preventing the heat from being transferred. The sealing, heat preservation and heat insulation performance of the utility model is obviously improved by multilayer design.

The embodiment of the application also provides an energy-saving and temperature-reducing high and large bungalow granary, which comprises a granary wall and a granary top consisting of the heat insulation structure, wherein the heat reflection heat insulation coating layer 130 is arranged on one side far away from grains. The heat insulation structure is arranged on the outer side of the top, the outer side of the bin wall and the outer side of the bottom of the tall and large bungalow granary to form a heat insulation layer 140, so that external moisture and heat can be effectively prevented from being transferred to the grain pile through the heat transmitted from the top, the original integral lower-temperature state of the grain pile is kept, and the grain is stored safely. Because the top and the outer surface of the wall of the tall and big single-storey-house granary are coated with the heat-reflecting heat-insulating coating, the sealing performance and the heat-insulating performance of the top of the granary are improved after the whole granary is modified, the temperature in the granary can be effectively reduced by 5-12 ℃, the humidity in the granary can be kept, the grain storage quality is improved, and the loss is reduced; further prolonging the service life of the tall and big single-storey barn.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation structure, characterized in that: comprises a heat reflection heat insulation coating layer, a waterproof layer, a heat insulation base layer and a heat insulation layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the waterproof layer comprises a waterproof roll material layer laid on the heat insulation base layer, a waterproof coating layer coated on the waterproof roll material layer and a non-woven fabric layer; the heat insulation layer comprises a polyurethane spraying foaming layer or a phenolic resin foaming layer.

2. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the waterproof layer is not less than 4mm and not more than 5 mm.

3. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the heat insulation layer is not less than 50mm and not more than delta and not more than 100 mm.

4. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fireproof coating layer is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation layer.

5. The utility model provides a big one-storey house granary of height of energy-conserving cooling which characterized in that: the heat-reflecting heat-insulating coating comprises a cabin wall and a cabin roof formed by the heat-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat-reflecting heat-insulating coating is arranged on one side far away from grains.

6. The energy-saving and temperature-reducing high and large one-storey house granary according to claim 5, wherein: and the side wall of the cabin wall is sequentially provided with a waterproof coating layer and a heat reflection heat insulation coating layer from inside to outside.

7. The energy-saving and temperature-reducing large and large one-storey house granary according to claim 6, wherein: the drainage channel comprises a hollow microsphere heat-resistant layer arranged on the ground and a heat-reflecting heat-insulating coating layer arranged on the hollow microsphere heat-resistant layer.