CN216177595U - Laser welding fixture and laser welding equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a laser welding fixture and laser welding equipment, which comprise a base, an elastic platform and a pressing mechanism; the elastic platform and the pressing mechanism are mounted to the base, and the pressing mechanism is used for pressing the welding assembly to the elastic platform; the elasticity platform includes base, carrier board, thrust adjustable elasticity component, and the carrier board is used for placing the welding subassembly, and when laser welding, pressing mechanism compresses tightly welding subassembly, carrier board and elasticity component butt in proper order. The pressing mechanism comprises an actuator, a light-transmitting plate and a cooling device; the light transmission plate is horizontally connected to the actuating part of the actuator; the actuator is suitable for driving the light transmission plate to press the welding assembly to the elastic platform; the light-transmitting plate is at least partially made of light-transmitting materials, and is also used for transmitting and focusing laser to a welding position of a welding assembly during laser welding. The laser welding equipment comprises the laser welding fixture, and is used for carrying out laser welding on the welding assembly. The application has good adaptability, and can ensure uniform pressing and stable welding quality during welding.

Description

Laser welding fixture and laser welding equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding fixture and laser welding equipment.

Background

A finished piece of plastic may be made of multiple parts, and individual parts or the same part may also be made of multiple materials. In the manufacture of plastic articles, multiple plastic parts may be joined by mechanical fasteners, adhesives, or welding processes, in addition to a single plastic part that may be formed by various injection molding processes. Among the three connection modes, the comprehensive effect of the welding process is optimal in the aspects of strength, sealing performance, productivity, cost, environmental protection and the like, the welding modes are various, and different welding processes and welding parameters can be selected according to different materials, sizes and purposes of parts. With the continuous progress in materials and equipment, the process of welding plastic products by using laser as a welding means is more and more widely applied.

The plastic laser welding technique is a technique of welding thermoplastic sheets, films or molded parts together by melting a plastic contact surface by heat generated by a laser beam. In addition to selecting a proper laser and optimizing welding process parameters such as power, speed, spot size and the like, the plastic laser welding fixture plays a crucial role in realizing good welding quality as an external factor. For plastic articles that are laser welded, lap joints are typically used, where one layer of plastic is transparent and the other layer absorbs the energy of the laser. The surface of one layer of plastic generates heat and melts under the irradiation of laser, the heat is transferred to the other layer of plastic which is in close contact with the plastic in a conduction mode and melts the plastic, and the two layers of plastic are welded and solidified to realize welding connection.

In order to ensure the welding quality, the contact parts between the upper layer and the lower layer of the plastic product are required to be tightly attached during welding and are uniformly pressed at the position of the whole welding line. However, the plastic parts with larger sizes are difficult to ensure the consistency of the sizes and the shapes of the parts due to local deformation caused by plastic solidification shrinkage in an injection molding process and uneven shrinkage caused by part structures; meanwhile, the existing clamp is generally rigid, and can meet the requirements of some small-sized plastic products, but for large-sized parts, good support is difficult to be formed at each position in the whole welding line range, so that a gap may exist between the upper layer plastic and the lower layer plastic. Since air is thermally insulating, the gap between the upper and lower layers of plastic can cause a reduction in the efficiency of heat transfer, affecting the quality of the weld. At the same time, the welding quality is further reduced because the air in the heating time gap has the risk of causing oxidation and carbonization of the plastic. Therefore, the smaller the gap between the upper and lower layers of plastic during welding, the easier it is to obtain a good quality weld.

For this reason, utility model patent that publication number is CN203818576U provides a plastics laser welding anchor clamps, including relative clamp plate and the layer board that sets up from top to bottom to and set up the elastic component on the layer board, elastic component's position is corresponding with the position of plastics welding seam, in order to provide even pressure, forms good support, makes the upper and lower floor of plastic products closely laminate, guarantees welded quality.

However, the technical scheme has the following defects:

1. the elastic assembly is realized through a groove and an air pipe which are fixedly arranged, the elastic assembly is directly abutted against a lower-layer plastic part, the arrangement of the elastic assembly is only optimized for a specific part, and both the supporting plate and the elastic assembly need to be designed for the specific part, so that the adaptability is poor;

2. the elastic force realized by the air pipe changes along with the deformation of the air pipe, the uniform distribution of the pressing force depends on the uniform deformation of the air pipe, and the reliability is poor; and when the welding seam is asymmetrically arranged, the phenomenon of uneven pressing force is obvious; meanwhile, the air pipe needs to deform in each welding process, so that the durability is poor, and the uniformity of the pressing force is gradually reduced due to abrasion and permanent deformation accumulated gradually;

3. the pressing process is not limited, the pressing force is realized through a servo motor and a screw rod, and under the influence of factors such as dimensional deviation of parts, the pressing plate directly presses the parts to the base, so that the pressing force is suddenly increased, and the parts in welding are seriously deformed;

4. after welding, forming is carried out by means of natural cooling of the welding line, and the upper and lower pressing force of the relative positions of the two parts is kept to disappear in the cooling process, so that the risk of local deformation exists;

5. the feeding process of the parts needs manual control, the automation degree is poor, and the adaptability to different production environments is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a laser welding fixture which has the advantages of uniform distribution of pressing force, better adaptability, pressing limit function, capability of cooling a welding seam in a pressing state and capability of being used for automatic equipment, and laser welding equipment based on the laser welding fixture.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

A laser welding fixture is used for laser welding of a welding assembly and comprises a base, an elastic platform and a pressing mechanism; the elastic platform and the pressing mechanism are mounted to the base, and the pressing mechanism is used for pressing the welding assembly to the elastic platform; the elastic platform comprises a base, a carrier plate and at least one elastic element with adjustable thrust, wherein one end of the elastic element is fixed to the base, and the other end of the elastic element is abutted against the bottom surface of the carrier plate; the carrier plate is used for placing the welding assembly, and when the laser welding is carried out, the pressing mechanism enables the welding assembly, the carrier plate and the elastic element to be sequentially abutted and pressed.

The welding assembly comprises at least two plastic parts arranged in an overlapping manner. The carrier plate can be disposed on the guide device on the base, or in the guide structure provided by the pressing mechanism, or can be fixed to the elastic element with a guide function, for example, when the elastic element adopts a cylinder with a guide rail, the carrier plate can be directly fixed to the top of the push rod of the cylinder. The carrier plate is used as a mold assembly manufactured by finish machining, the size precision is high, the pressing force applied to the bottom of the welding assembly can be more uniform by arranging the carrier plate, and the technical scheme is superior to the technical scheme that the elastic element is directly abutted against the welding assembly.

Preferably, the elastic platform further comprises at least one positioning guide pillar, the positioning guide pillar is vertically arranged on the base, the carrier plate is provided with a guide hole matched with the positioning guide pillar, and the carrier plate is arranged above the base in a vertically sliding manner through the guide hole and the positioning guide pillar; the elastic element is a gas pressure spring with adjustable gas pressure; the elastic elements are uniformly distributed on the top of the base; the top of carrier board have with the profile modeling recess that the welding assembly matches the setting is used for placing the welding assembly and right the welding assembly advances line location.

The positioning guide columns form a guide device of the carrier plate, so that the relative positions of the carrier plate and the base and the elastic element in the horizontal direction in the pressing process can be ensured, and the uniform distribution of the pressing force can be favorably kept. The pneumatic spring can realize that the thrust is adjustable by adjusting the air pressure of compressed air of the pneumatic spring, and the thrust can not change along with the repeated use of the pressing process and the clamp, so that the pneumatic spring is superior to an implementation mode of unstable thrust and poor durability through air pipes and the like. The elastic element can also be realized by other modes, such as a thrust electromagnet, and the thrust is adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the electromagnet, so that stable thrust can be realized, and automatic control is easy to realize. When a plurality of elastic elements are uniformly distributed, the uniform and stable thrust can be ensured. The profiling groove arranged on the carrier plate can accurately position the welding assembly, not only is the accurate positioning of a welding line in the horizontal direction facilitated, but also the overall posture of the welding assembly is facilitated to be guaranteed, and more uniform pressing force can be achieved when the pressing mechanism presses the welding assembly. Meanwhile, when the profiling groove is provided with guide structures such as an inclined plane, a chamfer or a fillet, automatic positioning can be realized, and the automatic production device is suitable for automatic production equipment for placing welding assemblies through a manipulator. The positioning guide post can also be fixed to the carrier plate and provided with a matching guide hole on the base, and the same function can also be realized.

Preferably, the carrier plate comprises a welding component placement sensor for sensing whether the welding component is placed on the carrier plate; the base is also provided with a sliding guide rail, and the elastic platform is arranged on the sliding guide rail in a sliding manner; the elastic platform is provided with a placing station and a welding station on the sliding guide rail, and the placing station and the welding station are respectively used for placing the welding assembly and performing laser welding on the welding assembly; the bottom of the profiling groove is provided with a mounting hole, and the welding assembly placing sensor is arranged in the mounting hole.

The setting that the sensor was placed to the welding subassembly also makes this application be applicable to the higher production facility of degree of automation, places the profile modeling recess back on the carrier board at the welding subassembly, need not manual operation, and accessible drive arrangement removes the station to carrying out laser welding's welding station from easily placing the station of placing of welding subassembly with the elasticity platform. The sensor can be placed on the welding assembly through the reflection type photoelectric sensor arranged in the mounting hole, the correlation type photoelectric sensor arranged on the side wall of the profiling groove can be further arranged, or the mechanical proximity switch can be used for achieving the effect, and when the welding assembly is provided with a metal piece, the eddy current proximity switch can be further used for achieving the effect.

Preferably, the pressing mechanism comprises an actuator and a light-transmitting plate; the light transmission plate is horizontally connected to an actuating part of the actuator; the actuator is suitable for driving the light transmitting plate to press the welding assembly to the elastic platform; the light-transmitting plate is at least partially made of light-transmitting materials and is used for transmitting laser and focusing the laser to the welding position of the welding assembly during laser welding.

When the light-transmitting plate is used, the pressing force can be uniformly applied to the top of the welding assembly, so that the welding assembly can be uniformly and tightly pressed. When the lightproof pressing plate is adopted, a channel for laser to pass through needs to be arranged, and the welding of a closed welding seam is difficult to carry out; even pressing force is not easily achieved with a jig that applies pressure locally. The light-transmitting plate can be made of a quartz glass plate or a high-molecular light-transmitting plate material, or is a steel part comprising a quartz glass plate. After the welding assembly is connected to the actuating part of the actuator, the welding assembly can be pressed on the elastic platform through the downward force of the actuator arranged above or the downward pulling force of the actuator arranged on two sides of the elastic element by the light transmission plate. The laser beam can realize the welding operation after penetrating the light-transmitting plate.

Preferably, the actuators are cylinders, the number of the actuators is two, the two actuators are arranged at intervals, push rods of the two actuators are vertically arranged and are positioned above the actuator body, and two sides of the light-transmitting plate are respectively fixed to the top ends of the push rods of the two actuators; the actuator is provided with a limiting structure and is used for limiting the lowest pressing position of the light transmission plate; when placing on the elasticity platform the welding subassembly, just the light-passing board pressfitting extremely the welding subassembly top is located during lowest pushing down position, the bottom of carrier board with have the clearance between the top of base.

When the push rods of the two actuators are arranged above, the actuator body can be directly fixed to the base, and the structure of the laser welding fixture is simplified. Two actuators can be arranged on two sides of a welding station, and the actuators and the light-transmitting plate form a portal frame structure, so that the occupied space of the laser welding fixture is minimum. The limiting structure is used for preventing the light-transmitting plate from excessively pressing down the welding assembly and the carrier plate, and avoids the phenomenon that the carrier plate is directly abutted to the base to cause overlarge pressing force. When the light-transmitting plate is positioned at the lowest pressing position, a gap is still kept between the carrier plate and the base, so that the pressing force applied to the welding assembly is always formed by the thrust of the elastic element, and the pressing force is uniform and stable. The pushing force of the gas spring as the elastic element depends on the pressure of the compressed air, so the gas spring is not attenuated due to long-term use, and can still keep abutting when the top of the gas spring generates small abrasion, namely, the laser welding clamp can provide uniform and stable pressing force for a long time by utilizing the stable pushing force and the displacement compensation function of the gas spring.

Preferably, the pressing mechanism further comprises a cooling device for cooling the welding position of the welded assembly after the laser welding is completed.

Due to the poor thermal conductivity of the plastic, the cooling process after the welding is completed takes a long time, and local deformation during the cooling process is likely to occur. This application utilizes cooling device to cool off the welding seam at the pressfitting state of welding assembly, can reduce the local deformation that the cooling process produced, improves welding quality.

Preferably, the cooling device comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a cooling liquid channel and a liquid outlet pipe which are sequentially communicated, wherein the cooling liquid channel is arranged in the light-transmitting plate and is matched with the shape of the welding part of the welding assembly; and/or the cooling device comprises at least one compressed air cooling blow pipe for blowing air to the welding position of the welding assembly, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the compressed air cooling blow pipe.

The cooling device can be realized in various modes, and the application provides two parallel technical schemes, wherein one scheme can be selected or two schemes can be simultaneously selected. The first scheme is liquid cooling, a cooling liquid channel is arranged in the light transmitting plate, and the cooling liquid channel is arranged close to a welding seam; after welding is finished, the welding line can be cooled through cooling liquid flow, and the welding line cooling device is suitable for welding lines with various shapes on the top of a welding assembly. The second solution is air cooling, which can lead out one or more cooling blowpipes on the pipeline for supplying compressed air to the actuator, and controls the cooling blowpipes to cool the welding seam after the welding is finished through the electromagnetic valve arranged on the cooling blowpipes. The second scheme is suitable for welding seams positioned on the outer sides or the side faces of the tops of the welding assemblies, is convenient to implement, and can be matched with the first scheme for auxiliary cooling.

The application also provides laser welding equipment, which comprises a machine body, any one of the laser welding fixtures, a laser welding machine head and a controller; the base is fixed to the machine body, the laser welding machine head is used for carrying out laser welding on the welding assembly pressed to the elastic platform, and the controller is connected to the pressing mechanism and the laser welding machine head and is used for controlling the pressing mechanism and the laser welding machine head.

Preferably, the laser welding apparatus further includes a driving mechanism; the driving mechanism is used for driving the elastic platform to slide back and forth between the placing station and the welding station along the sliding guide rail of the laser welding fixture; the controller is further connected to the driving mechanism and a welding assembly placing sensor of the laser welding fixture, and the controller is further used for sensing the welding assembly through the welding assembly placing sensor and controlling the driving mechanism to drive the elastic platform to slide.

Specifically, a slider may be provided on the slide rail, and the elastic force platform may be fixed to the slider. The driving mechanism can be realized by a servo motor, a screw rod and the like in the prior art.

Preferably, the laser welding apparatus further comprises a cooling system connected with the cooling device of the laser welding fixture; the controller is also connected to the cooling system and used for controlling the cooling system to cool the welding position of the welding assembly after laser welding.

Various embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

1. the pressing mechanism and the gas spring provide pressing force for the welding assembly, and the gas spring applies the pressing force to the welding assembly through the carrier plate, so that the pressing force can be adjusted, and the pressing force can be kept uniform and stable under the long-term use condition;

2. the welding assembly is positioned through the profiling groove of the carrier plate, so that the welding assembly is placed quickly and conveniently, the positioning is accurate, and uniform pressing force is realized; meanwhile, when different parts are welded, only the carrier plate needs to be replaced, and other parts of the pressing mechanism and the elastic platform do not need to be adjusted, so that the adaptability is good; the carrier plate is arranged on the positioning guide column of the base in a sliding manner, so that the replacement is convenient;

3. the laser welding fixture is suitable for laser welding equipment with higher automation degree by arranging the sliding track and the welding component placement sensor and utilizing the automatic positioning function of the profiling groove;

4. through the arrangement of the limiting structure of the pressing mechanism, the pressing force applied to the welding assembly is only determined by the thrust of the elastic element, so that the uniformity and stability of the pressing force are ensured, the pressing mechanism is easy to control, and the reliability of the welding process flow is improved;

5. the welding seam of the welding assembly in the pressing state is cooled through the cooling device, so that the welding deformation can be reduced, and the welding quality is guaranteed.

Drawings

The above features, technical features, advantages and modes of realisation of the present invention will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a laser welding jig according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the components of the resilient platform according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the elastic platform in a press-fit state according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the elastic platform and the sliding guide rail in a press-fit state according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of detail A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a pressing mechanism according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the pressing mechanism in the lowest pressing state according to the first embodiment;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of the laser welding apparatus of the second embodiment;

the reference numbers illustrate:

10. the laser welding machine comprises a base, 20 parts of an elastic platform, 21 parts of a base, 22 parts of a carrier plate, 23 parts of an elastic element, 24 parts of a positioning guide column, 30 parts of a pressing mechanism, 31 parts of an actuator, 32 parts of a light-transmitting plate, 33 parts of a cooling device, 34 parts of a limiting structure, 40 parts of a sliding guide rail, 41 parts of a sliding block, 100 parts of a welding assembly, 200 parts of a machine body, 221 parts of a profiling groove, 222 parts of an installation hole, 300 parts of a laser welding machine head, 321 parts of a light-transmitting part, 331 parts of a liquid inlet pipe, 332 parts of a cooling liquid channel, 333 parts of a liquid outlet pipe, 341 parts of a limiting hole, 342 parts of a limiting screw rod and 343 parts of a limiting nut.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings in the following description are only examples of the utility model, and it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that other drawings and embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In some of the figures, elements having the same structure or function are shown only schematically or only schematically. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one". The term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The first embodiment is as follows: a laser welding jig.

As shown in fig. 1, the laser welding jig of the present embodiment is used for laser welding of a welded component 100, and includes a base 10, an elastic platform 20, a pressing mechanism 30, a sliding rail 40, and a slider 41; the elastic platform 20 and the pressing mechanism 30 are mounted to the base 10, and the pressing mechanism 30 is used for pressing the welding assembly 100 to the elastic platform 20; the resilient platform 20 is shown in a press-fit condition. As shown in fig. 2, the elastic platform 20 includes a base 21, a carrier plate 22, and 6 elastic elements 23 with adjustable thrust, wherein one end of the elastic element 23 is fixed to the base 21, and the other end abuts against the bottom surface of the carrier plate 22; the carrier plate 22 is used to place the welding assembly 100. During laser welding, the pressing mechanism 30 presses the welding assembly 100, the carrier plate 22, and the elastic member 23 against each other in sequence. The number of the elastic members 23 can be flexibly set as desired according to the size of the welding assembly 100.

As shown in fig. 2, the resilient platform 20 further includes 2 positioning guide posts 24, the positioning guide posts 24 are vertically disposed on the left and right sides of the base 21, the carrier plate 22 has a guide hole (not shown) matching with the positioning guide posts 24, and the carrier plate 22 is disposed above the base 21 through the guide hole and the positioning guide posts 24 in a sliding manner. The guide holes and the positioning guide posts 24 ensure accurate positioning of the carrier plate 22 in the horizontal direction and maintain its posture. The elastic element 23 is a gas pressure spring with adjustable gas pressure and is uniformly distributed on the top of the base 21; the elastic element 23 provides a thrust by means of compressed air, and in practice, 6 gas springs are connected to the same compressed air pipe and the gas pressure is adjusted by means of a pressure reducing valve. The resilient element 23 has a compression stroke of 10mm and can be held in actual use against the bottom surface of the carrier plate 22.

The positioning guide posts 24 are provided to ensure the positioning and posture of the carrier plate 22, but as a variation of the present embodiment, the positioning guide posts 24 may not be provided, and a guiding and positioning structure may be provided on the pressing mechanism 30 or the base 10. When the elastic element 23 is implemented by a cylinder with a large diameter and a short stroke and having a guiding function, the carrier plate 22 can be directly fixed to the push rod of the cylinder due to the guiding and positioning function of the cylinder, and a corresponding function can also be implemented.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the top of carrier plate 22 has a contoured recess 221 that mates with welding assembly 100 for placement and positioning of welding assembly 100. The profiling structure of the profiling groove 221 and the round corners and other structures arranged at the edges can facilitate rapid placement and accurate positioning of the welding machine assembly 100, and guarantee is provided for achieving uniform pressing of the welding assembly 100 during welding. The carrier plate 22 further includes a welding component placement sensor (not shown) for sensing whether the welding component 100 is placed on the carrier plate 22; the bottom of the profiling groove 221 is provided with a mounting hole 222, the welding assembly placement sensor is a reflection-type photoelectric sensor and is arranged in the mounting hole 222, and a feedback signal can be provided to the controller after the welding assembly 100 is placed in place by setting the sensing distance of the photoelectric sensor. The positioning guide posts 24 and the guide holes not only ensure the positioning and posture of the carrier plate 22, but also facilitate the replacement of the carrier plate 22, namely, the existing carrier plate 22 can be directly taken down at the placing station, and a new carrier plate 22 is placed. The carrier plate 22 can be prepared for each welding assembly 100, and the carrier plate 22 can be easily replaced by a human or a robot during production switching, so that the embodiment has good adaptability.

The base 10 is further provided with a sliding guide rail 40, the sliding guide rail 40 is slidably provided with a sliding block 41, and the elastic platform 20 is fixed to the sliding block 41, so that the elastic platform 20 is also slidably provided on the sliding guide rail 40. The elastic platform 20 has a placing station and a welding station on the sliding guide rail 40, the placing station is far away from the pressing mechanism 30 in the horizontal direction so as to place the welding assembly 100, and the welding station is located at the position of the pressing mechanism 30 in the horizontal direction so as to perform laser welding after the pressing mechanism 30 presses the welding assembly 100. The slide rail 40 and the slider 41 may be made of standard members, or as a variation of the present embodiment, they may be made to function similarly by directly using corresponding parts of a driving device such as an electric cylinder. At this time, the laser welding jig may not be provided with the sliding guide 40 and the slider 41, and in practical application, the elastic force platform 20 is directly fixed to the moving part of the linear driving device of the laser welding apparatus, so that a similar function can be realized.

As shown in fig. 6, the pressing mechanism 30 includes an actuator 31, a transparent plate 32, a cooling device 33, and a limiting structure 34; the transparent plate 32 is horizontally connected to the actuating part of the actuator 31; the actuator 31 is adapted to drive the optically transparent plate 32 to press the welding assembly 100 to the resilient platform 20. The light-transmitting plate 32 includes a light-transmitting portion 321 made of a light-transmitting material to transmit and focus laser light to a welding site of the welding assembly 100 at the time of laser welding. Actuator 31 is two for the double-pole double-acting cylinder that has the guide function, quantity, sets up in the both sides of welding station respectively symmetrically the interval, and the vertical setting of push rod of two actuators 31, and be located the top of actuator 31 body, and the top of the push rod of two actuators 31 is fixed respectively to the both sides of light-passing board 32 for the minimum position of pushing down of restriction light-passing board 32. As a variation of this embodiment, the light-transmitting plate 32 can also be made of a single piece of glass or polymer light-transmitting plate material under the condition of meeting the requirement of the pressing force.

Two actuators 31 all have limit structure 34, and limit structure 34 includes spacing hole 341, the spacing screw 342 that matches with spacing hole 341 size and the spacing nut 343 that matches with spacing screw 342 size, and spacing hole 341 sets up in the body of actuator 31, and spacing screw 342 is fixed to the top of actuator 31 push rod, and spacing nut 343 is screwed up to spacing screw 342. Two limit nuts 343 can be provided on each limit screw 342 so that the position of the limit screw 342 can be adjusted and locked. The depth of the limit hole 341 is larger than the length of the limit screw 342, and the size of the limit nut 343 is larger than the size of the limit hole 341. When the welding assembly 100 is placed on the resilient platform 20 and the transparent plate 32 is pressed onto the top of the welding assembly 100 and pressed downward, the limiting screw 342 can enter the limiting hole 341. When the transparent plate 32 is pressed down to the bottom of the limiting nut 343 and abuts against the upper end of the limiting hole 341, the transparent plate 32 is limited at the lowest pressing position. As shown in fig. 5, there is a gap d of at least 1mm between the bottom of the carrier plate 22 and the top of the base 21 at this time. The size of the gap d can be flexibly set, and it is only necessary to ensure that the carrier plate 22 will not abut against the base 21 when the light-transmitting plate 32 is at the lowest pressing position. The clearance d is set to ensure that the pressing force applied to the welding assembly 100 is not too large, but is always equal to the pushing force provided by the 6 elastic elements 23, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the pressing force.

The double-rod cylinder is convenient for installing the light-transmitting plate 32 and the limiting structure 34 from the connecting plate, and the cylinder body can be directly fixed to the base 10 to play a role of a support, so that the structure of the embodiment is compact. However, the actuator 31 can also be realized by other modes such as an electric cylinder, a servo motor, a screw rod slide block and the like; the number can also be flexibly set according to the size of the welding assembly 100 and the pressing force requirement; when the size of the welding assembly 100 is large, especially when the large-sized parts need only be partially welded, the body of the actuator 31 can be disposed above, and the light-transmitting plate 32 can be driven by pressing down, so that the welding assembly 100 can be disposed more freely below. The body of the actuator 31 may be fixed directly to the body of the laser welding apparatus instead of being fixed to the base 10.

The pressing mechanism 30 further includes a cooling device 33 for cooling the welding position of the welded assembly 100 after the laser welding is completed. The cooling device 33 includes a liquid inlet pipe 331, a cooling liquid channel 332 and a liquid outlet pipe 333 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the cooling liquid channel 332 is disposed inside the light-transmitting portion 321 or in a groove disposed at the bottom thereof, and surrounds the outside of the welding position of the welding assembly 100. The welding assembly 100 illustrated in the present embodiment is a body and an upper cover of a radar housing for a vehicle, wherein the upper cover is made of a light-transmitting material, and a weld is formed at the abutting position of the upper cover and the body near the side surface by laser welding. To cool the weld, a portion of the coolant passage 332 of this embodiment encloses a rectangular shape that is just outside and in close proximity to the weld when the light-transmitting panel 32 is pressed to the lid. The coolant passage 332 does not interfere with the transmission of the laser beam, and cools the weld in the pressed state immediately after the welding is completed. As a variation of this embodiment, at least one compressed air cooling blow pipe may be provided for blowing air into the weld of the welded assembly 100 to facilitate cooling of the welded structure. And the compressed air cooling blowpipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling the on-off of the air flow.

In the embodiment, due to the structural arrangement of the elastic platform 20 and the pressing mechanism 30, uniform and stable pressing force can be provided for the welding structure 100 during laser welding, and a cooling function is provided after welding is completed, which is beneficial to ensuring the welding quality; and the embodiment has reliable work, easy realization of automation and better adaptability.

Example two: a laser welding apparatus.

As shown in fig. 8, the laser welding apparatus of the present embodiment is used for laser welding a welding assembly 100, and includes a body 200, a laser welding jig of the first embodiment, a laser welding head 300, and a controller (not shown in the drawings); wherein the base 10 is fixed to the body 200, or the base 10 is a part of the body 200; the laser welding head 300 is used for performing laser welding on the welding assembly 100 pressed to the elastic platform 20; the controller is connected to the stitching mechanism 30 and the laser welding head 300, and is used to control the stitching mechanism 30 and the laser welding head 300. The present embodiment further comprises a drive mechanism (not shown in the figures); the driving mechanism is used for driving the elastic platform 20 to slide back and forth between the placing station and the welding station along the sliding guide rail 40 of the laser welding fixture; the controller is also connected to the driving mechanism and the welding assembly placement sensor of the laser welding fixture, and the controller is further configured to sense the welding assembly 100 through the welding assembly placement sensor and control the driving mechanism to drive the elastic platform 20 to slide. The embodiment also comprises a cooling system, wherein the cooling system is connected with the cooling device 33 of the laser welding fixture; the controller is also connected to the cooling system for controlling the cooling system to cool the weld of the welding assembly 100 after the laser welding.

In practical use, the laser welding process can be realized by the following steps:

s1, placing a welding assembly 100 into a profiling groove 221 of an elastic platform 20 which is located at a placing station and is in a waiting state through a manual or mechanical hand;

s2, sensing the welding assembly 100 by a welding assembly placement sensor, and controlling a driving mechanism to drive the elastic platform 20 to slide to a welding station by a controller after necessary time delay;

s3, the controller controls the pressing mechanism 30 to press the light transmission plate 32 to the lowest pressing position and keep the light transmission plate at the lowest pressing position;

s4, controlling the laser welding head 300 to start welding by the controller;

s5, after welding, the controller controls the cooling device 33 to cool the welding structure;

s6, after cooling, the controller controls the pressing mechanism 30 to reset the light transmission plate 32;

s7, the controller controls the driving mechanism to drive the elastic platform 20 to slide to the placing station;

and S8, manually or mechanically taking out the welded assembly 100 and entering the next cycle.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principles employed, and various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the application. Other advantages and effects of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present application is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications and variations in various respects, all without departing from the spirit of the present application. The features in the above embodiments and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. A laser welding fixture for laser welding of a welded assembly (100), characterized by:

comprises a base (10), an elastic platform (20) and a pressing mechanism (30);

the elastic platform (20) and the pressing mechanism (30) are mounted to the base (10), and the pressing mechanism (30) is used for pressing the welding assembly (100) to the elastic platform (20);

the elastic platform (20) comprises a base (21), a carrier plate (22) and at least one elastic element (23) with adjustable thrust, wherein one end of the elastic element (23) is fixed to the base (21), and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the bottom surface of the carrier plate (22);

the carrier plate (22) is used for placing the welding assembly (100), and when the laser welding is carried out, the pressing mechanism (30) is used for sequentially abutting and pressing the welding assembly (100), the carrier plate (22) and the elastic element (23).

2. The laser welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the elastic platform (20) further comprises at least one positioning guide pillar (24), the positioning guide pillar (24) is vertically arranged on the base (21), the carrier plate (22) is provided with a guide hole matched with the positioning guide pillar (24), and the carrier plate (22) is arranged above the base (21) in a vertically sliding mode through the guide hole and the positioning guide pillar (24);

the elastic element (23) is a gas pressure spring with adjustable gas pressure; the elastic elements (23) are uniformly distributed on the top of the base (21);

the top of the carrier plate (22) is provided with a profiling groove (221) matched with the welding assembly (100) and used for placing the welding assembly (100) and positioning the welding assembly (100).

3. The laser welding jig according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the carrier plate (22) comprises a welding component placement sensor for sensing whether the welding component (100) is placed on the carrier plate (22);

the base (10) is also provided with a sliding guide rail (40), and the elastic platform (20) is arranged on the sliding guide rail (40) in a sliding manner;

the elastic platform (20) is provided with a placing station and a welding station on the sliding guide rail (40), and the placing station and the welding station are respectively used for placing the welding assembly (100) and performing laser welding on the welding assembly (100);

the bottom of the profiling groove (221) is provided with a mounting hole (222), and the welding assembly placement sensor is arranged in the mounting hole (222).

4. The laser welding jig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

the pressing mechanism (30) comprises an actuator (31) and a light transmission plate (32);

the light-transmitting plate (32) is horizontally connected to an actuating part of the actuator (31);

the actuator (31) is suitable for driving the light-transmitting plate (32) to press the welding assembly (100) to the elastic platform (20);

the light-transmitting plate (32) is at least partially made of light-transmitting materials, and the light-transmitting plate (32) is also used for transmitting laser and focusing the laser to the welding position of the welding component (100) during laser welding.

5. The laser welding jig according to claim 4, characterized in that:

the actuators (31) are cylinders, the number of the actuators is two, the two actuators (31) are arranged at intervals, push rods of the two actuators (31) are vertically arranged and are positioned above the actuator (31) body, and two sides of the light-transmitting plate (32) are respectively fixed to the top ends of the push rods of the two actuators (31);

the actuator (31) is provided with a limiting structure (34) for limiting the lowest pressing position of the light-transmitting plate (32);

when the welding assembly (100) is placed on the elastic platform (20), and the light-transmitting plate (32) is pressed on the top of the welding assembly (100) and located at the lowest pressing position, a gap is formed between the bottom of the carrier plate (22) and the top of the base (21).

6. The laser welding jig according to claim 5, characterized in that:

the pressing mechanism (30) further comprises a cooling device (33) used for cooling the welding position of the welding assembly (100) after the laser welding is finished.

7. The laser welding jig according to claim 6, characterized in that:

the cooling device (33) comprises a liquid inlet pipe (331), a cooling liquid channel (332) and a liquid outlet pipe (333) which are sequentially communicated, wherein the cooling liquid channel (332) is arranged inside the light-transmitting plate (32) and is matched with the shape of the welding position of the welding assembly (100);

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the cooling device (33) comprises at least one compressed air cooling blow pipe for blowing air to the welding position of the welding assembly (100), and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the compressed air cooling blow pipe.

8. A laser welding apparatus for laser welding a welded assembly (100), characterized by:

comprising a body (200), the laser welding fixture of any one of claims 1 to 7, a laser welding head (300), and a controller;

wherein the base (10) is fixed to the body (200), the laser welding head (300) is used for laser welding the welding assembly (100) pressed to the elastic platform (20), and the controller is connected to the pressing mechanism (30) and the laser welding head (300) and is used for controlling the pressing mechanism (30) and the laser welding head (300).

9. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that:

the device also comprises a driving mechanism;

the driving mechanism is used for driving the elastic platform (20) to slide back and forth between a placing station and a welding station along a sliding guide rail (40) of the laser welding fixture;

the controller is further connected to the driving mechanism and a welding assembly placing sensor of the laser welding fixture, and the controller is further used for sensing the welding assembly (100) through the welding assembly placing sensor and controlling the driving mechanism to drive the elastic platform (20) to slide.

10. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that:

the cooling system is connected with a cooling device (33) of the laser welding fixture;

the controller is also connected to the cooling system for controlling the cooling system to cool the weld of the welded assembly (100) after laser welding.

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