CN216153618U - Battery management system, battery pack and vehicle - Google Patents
Battery management system, battery pack and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN216153618U CN216153618U CN202122279767.0U CN202122279767U CN216153618U CN 216153618 U CN216153618 U CN 216153618U CN 202122279767 U CN202122279767 U CN 202122279767U CN 216153618 U CN216153618 U CN 216153618U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle, wherein the battery management system comprises a front-end acquisition module, a main control module and at least two peripheral modules with different functions; the main control module is respectively connected with the front-end acquisition module and the peripheral module; the front-end acquisition module is connected to two ends of the battery cell and is used for acquiring parameter information of the battery cell; the peripheral module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery core. In the implementation framework structure of the battery management system, the actually detected data is used as the standard when the working state information of the battery is determined, so that the relevant information of the working state of the battery can be accurately determined. And because the peripheral module is more than two at least, different information of the operating states of different working electric cores that it can detect at the same time like this for can confirm the relevant information of the battery operating condition high-efficiently. Thereby realizing the efficient and accurate determination of the relevant information of the battery working state.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle.
Background
The shared electric bicycle is taken as a novel traffic mode, wins the public green and ignores with the advantages of a pile-free parking mode, a cheap rent price and the like, provides great convenience for the life of people and relieves the pressure of urban public transport to a certain extent.
The accessories and "safety" of the shared electric bicycle are most closely related to the Battery, and the Battery Management System (BMS) System is most important for protecting the Battery. In the related art, hardware frames of the BMS are various, however, the BMS in the related art has certain limitations in determining information related to the operating state of the battery regardless of the hardware frame.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle, which can efficiently and accurately determine relevant information of a battery working state.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery management system, where the battery management system includes: the system comprises a front-end acquisition module, a main control module and at least two peripheral modules with different functions; the main control module is respectively connected with the front-end acquisition module and the peripheral module;
the front-end acquisition module is connected to two ends of the battery cell and is used for acquiring parameter information of the battery cell;
the peripheral module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery core.
In one embodiment, the at least two peripheral modules with different functions comprise: the device comprises a detection module, a communication module and a storage module;
the detection module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery cell;
the communication module is used for carrying out data transmission;
and the storage module is used for storing the working state information of the battery core.
In one embodiment, the detection module includes at least one of a water inlet detection unit, an in-place detection unit, a temperature and voltage detection unit, and an acceleration detection unit.
In one embodiment, the communication module includes at least one of a bluetooth unit, a networking unit, and a bus interface unit.
In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a charge/discharge module; the charging and discharging module is respectively connected with the positive end of the battery core, the front end acquisition module and the output positive end controlled by the battery management system;
and the charging and discharging unit is used for controlling the electric core to be discharged or charging the electric core according to an external power supply.
In one embodiment, the charge-discharge module includes a charge switch unit and a discharge switch unit;
the positive end of electric core is connected to the first end of charge switch unit, and on the front end collection module was all connected to the second end of charge switch unit and the second end of discharge switch unit, the first end of discharge switch unit was connected to the third end of charge switch unit, and the output positive end of pool management system control was connected to the third end of discharge switch unit.
In one embodiment, the charge switch unit includes a pre-charge switch unit and a quasi-charge switch unit; the discharging switch unit comprises a pre-discharging switch unit and a quasi-discharging switch unit, and the pre-discharging switch unit is connected with the quasi-charging switch unit in parallel; the pre-discharge switch unit and the quasi-discharge switch unit are connected in parallel;
the charging current controlled by the pre-charging switch unit is smaller than the charging current controlled by the quasi-charging switch unit; the discharging current controlled by the pre-discharging switch unit is smaller than the discharging current controlled by the quasi-discharging switch unit.
In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a balancing module; one end of the balancing module is connected with the battery cell, and the other end of the balancing module is connected with the front-end acquisition module; and the balancing module is used for balancing the electric energy of each battery in the battery core.
In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes an acquisition module; the first end of the acquisition module is connected with the front end acquisition module;
the front-end acquisition module acquires parameter information of the battery cell through the acquisition module.
In one embodiment, the acquisition module includes a sampling resistor and a cell temperature detection unit;
the sampling resistor is respectively connected with the negative end of the battery cell, the front end acquisition module and the output negative end controlled by the battery management system; the battery core temperature detection unit is connected to the front end acquisition module.
In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a protection module, where the protection module is respectively connected to a positive terminal of the battery core and a positive output terminal controlled by the battery management system;
and the protection module is used for preventing thermal runaway in the battery cell charging or discharging process.
In one embodiment, the protection module includes at least one of a reverse-connect protection circuit and a fuse.
In one embodiment, the battery management system further comprises a power supply unit; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the peripheral module.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery pack, which includes the battery management system provided in the embodiment of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a vehicle including the battery pack provided in the second aspect of the embodiments described above.
The battery management system comprises a front-end acquisition module, a main control module and at least two peripheral modules with different functions; the main control module is respectively connected with the front-end acquisition module and the peripheral module; the front-end acquisition module is connected to two ends of the battery cell and is used for acquiring parameter information of the battery cell; the peripheral module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery core. In the frame structure for realizing the battery management system, the battery management system not only comprises a module for collecting parameter information of the battery core and a main control module, but also is provided with a peripheral module, and the peripheral module can detect the working state information of the battery core, so that the actually detected data is used as the standard when the working state information of the battery is determined, and the relevant information of the working state of the battery can be accurately determined. And because the peripheral module is more than two at least, different information of the operating states of different working electric cores that it can detect at the same time like this for can confirm the relevant information of the battery operating condition high-efficiently. Thereby realizing the efficient and accurate determination of the relevant information of the battery working state.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or technical solutions in the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a battery management system in accordance with one embodiment;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of a battery management system in one embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
10: a battery management system; 20: an electric core;
101: a front-end acquisition module; 102: a main control module;
103: a peripheral module; 104: a charge-discharge module;
105: a balancing module; 106: an acquisition module;
107: a protection module; 1031: a detection module;
1032: a communication module; 1033: a storage module;
1041: a charging switch unit; 1042: a discharge switch unit;
10411: a precharge switching unit; 10412: a quasi-charging switch unit;
10421: a pre-discharge switch unit; 10422: a quasi-discharge switch unit;
1061: sampling a resistor; 1062: a cell temperature detection unit;
1071: reverse connection protection circuit; 1072: and a fuse.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the disclosure and that no limitation to the embodiments of the disclosure is intended.
First, before specifically describing the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a technical background or a technical evolution context on which the embodiment of the present disclosure is based is described. Generally, electric bicycles, electric vehicles, and the like, which are driven by electric energy, are generally powered by their own onboard batteries. In order to ensure the safety of a Battery in a vehicle, information about the operating state of the Battery may be determined by a Battery Management System (BMS) System, so that the condition of the Battery can be accurately grasped and safety events can be prevented from occurring. However, in the related art, hardware frames of the BMS are various, but when determining the information related to the operating state of the battery, there is no device capable of effectively acquiring the information related to the operating state of the battery, which results in a limitation in determining the current state of the battery, the environment where the battery is located, and the recording of the information.
In view of this, the disclosed embodiments provide a battery management system, a battery pack, and a vehicle that can efficiently and accurately determine information about the operating state of a battery so that the condition of the battery can be accurately grasped.
To facilitate an understanding of the disclosed embodiments, the disclosed embodiments are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the disclosed embodiments are presented in the drawings. The disclosed embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments of the present disclosure belong. The terminology used herein in the description of the embodiments of the disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the disclosure.
It will be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in connection with embodiments of the present disclosure, may be used herein to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first resistance may be referred to as a second resistance, and similarly, a second resistance may be referred to as a first resistance, without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present disclosure. The first resistance and the second resistance are both resistances, but they are not the same resistance.
It is to be understood that "connection" in the following embodiments is to be understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", and the like if the connected circuits, modules, units, and the like have communication of electrical signals or data with each other.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery management system 10, where the battery management system 10 includes a front end acquisition module 101, a main control module 102, and at least two peripheral modules 103 with different functions; the main control module 102 is respectively connected with the front-end acquisition module 101 and the peripheral module 103; the front-end acquisition module 101 is connected to two ends of the battery cell 20 and is used for acquiring parameter information of the battery cell 20; the peripheral module 103 is configured to detect the operating state information of the battery cell 20.
In practical applications, the battery management system 10 may be implemented in a circuit board, which is directly connected to the battery cell 20 to control the external output and input of the battery cell 20.
Referring to fig. 1, the positive output terminal controlled by the battery management system 10 is a P + terminal, and the negative output terminal controlled by the battery management system 10 is a P-terminal. Wherein, B + is the positive end of the battery cell, and B-is the negative end of the battery cell. The battery cell 20 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery cell, or a plurality of battery cells connected in series, for example, three or four battery cells are connected in series to form the battery cell 20 in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
The battery management system 10 includes a front-end acquisition module 101, a main control module 102, and at least two peripheral modules 103 with different functions.
The front-end acquisition module 101 may also be referred to as an Analog Front End (AFE), and may be implemented in a sampling chip of a battery or an acquisition circuit formed by multi-element connection, which is not limited in this disclosure. The front-end acquisition module 101 is connected to two ends of the battery cell 20, and may be configured to acquire parameter information of the battery cell 20, for example, acquire parameter information of voltage, temperature, and the like of the battery cell 20.
The main control module 102 is connected with the front-end acquisition module 101. The main control module 102 may implement functions of monitoring, protecting, data processing, and communicating with the battery management system 10. In some scenarios, a connection signal exists between the front-end acquisition module 101 and the main control module 102, in this scenario, the front-end acquisition module 101 may directly control some service logics of the main control module 102, and the main control module 102 may also directly control battery protection logics of the front-end acquisition module 101, and at the same time, the two may also communicate with each other.
In practical applications, the main control module 102 may be implemented by a Micro Control Unit (MCU), that is, the frequency and specification of the cpu are reduced appropriately, and Peripheral interfaces such as a memory, a counter, an analog-to-digital converter (a/D), a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART), an Integrated Circuit bus (Inter-Integrated Circuit, IIC), a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), and the like are Integrated on a single chip to implement the main control module 102. Of course, the master control module 102 may also be a master control circuit formed by multi-element connection, which is not limited in this disclosure.
The main control module 102 is connected with at least two peripheral modules 103 with different functions. The peripheral module 103 is configured to detect the operating state information of the battery cell 20. The operating state information includes current state information of the battery cell 20, such as voltage, current, temperature, vibration amplitude, and the like; the state of the environment of the battery cell 20, such as the temperature and humidity of the environment, may also be included; some other information records may also be included, such as data communicated to and from an external device, etc.
The peripheral module 103 may implement detection of various operation status information by using different functional devices. Such as sensors, detectors, etc., of various functions. In order to ensure that the detected operating state information of the battery cell 20 is more accurate and efficient, in practical application, a plurality of peripheral modules 103 with different functions may be provided.
The implementation form of each peripheral module 103 may be a chip packaged after integrating a detector, a sensor or other devices with multiple functions; these multi-function detectors, sensors, or other devices may be discrete devices that operate independently, as well as embodiments of the present disclosure.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the battery management system comprises a front-end acquisition module, a main control module and at least two peripheral modules with different functions; the main control module is respectively connected with the front-end acquisition module and the peripheral module; the front-end acquisition module is connected to two ends of the battery cell and is used for acquiring parameter information of the battery cell; the peripheral module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery core. In the frame structure for realizing the battery management system, the battery management system not only comprises a module for collecting parameter information of the battery core and a main control module, but also is provided with a peripheral module, and the peripheral module can detect the working state information of the battery core, so that the actually detected data is used as the standard when the working state information of the battery is determined, and the relevant information of the working state of the battery can be accurately determined. And because the peripheral module is more than two at least, different information of the operating states of different working electric cores that it can detect at the same time like this for can confirm the relevant information of the battery operating condition high-efficiently. Thereby realizing the efficient and accurate determination of the relevant information of the battery working state.
Based on the above embodiments, the implementation of the peripheral module 103 is described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the peripheral module 103 with at least two different functions in the above embodiment includes: a detection module 1031, a communication module 1032 and a storage module 1033. The detection module 1031 is configured to detect the operating state information of the battery cell; the communication module 1032 is used for data transmission; the storage module 1033 is configured to store the operating state information of the battery cell.
The peripheral module 103 under each function can be divided into three functions, i.e., a detection module 1031, a communication module 1032 and a storage module 1033.
The detection module 1031 is configured to detect the operating state information of the battery cell. For example, information detection of the operating environment of the battery cell 20, and the like. In one embodiment, the detection module 1031 includes at least one of a water ingress detection unit, an in-place detection unit, a temperature and voltage detection unit, and an acceleration detection unit.
The water inlet detection unit is configured to detect a water inlet state in a battery pack where the battery cell 20 is located, and when water is detected to enter the battery pack, the external input and output of the battery management system 10 need to be disconnected to protect the battery cell 20. Specifically, the water inlet detection unit may be a humidity sensor, for example, a humidity sensor may be used as the water inlet detection unit, and the humidity sensor may detect a humidity value in the battery pack, so as to determine whether water is introduced into the battery pack.
The in-place detection unit is used for detecting the installation state of the battery cell 20. The installation state indicates a position where the battery pack in which the battery cell 20 is installed, for example, mounted on a vehicle, a charging cabinet, or stored in a warehouse. For example, the on-position detecting unit may be a contact spring, and the contact spring may reflect a contact state of a pin of the battery pack, thereby reflecting a position where the battery pack is mounted.
The temperature and voltage detection unit is configured to detect a device temperature on a circuit board where the battery management system 10 is located, which is equivalent to detecting a temperature in an environment where the battery cell 20 is located, and is different from a temperature of the battery cell 20 itself. The temperature and voltage detection unit may detect the temperature and voltage of the circuit board; the temperature of the cell 20 itself refers to an operating parameter of the cell 20. For example, the temperature and voltage detection unit may also be implemented by a temperature sensor, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The acceleration detection unit is used for detecting the vibration state of the battery pack in which the battery core 20 is located. For example, the acceleration detection unit may be an accelerometer or an acceleration sensor, and the vibration state of the battery pack detected by the acceleration detection unit may reflect the falling state of the battery pack.
The water inlet detection unit, the in-place detection unit, the temperature and voltage detection unit and the acceleration detection unit are listed according to different functions in the detection module, and one, a plurality of or all of the water inlet detection unit, the in-place detection unit, the temperature and voltage detection unit and the acceleration detection unit can be selected according to actual needs in the implementation process.
The communication module 1032 is configured to perform data transmission. The data includes, but is not limited to, the battery operating status data detected by the detecting module 1031, and may also include other data, such as data transmitted through an external terminal, and the like.
In one embodiment, the communication module 1032 includes at least one of a bluetooth unit, a networking unit, and a bus interface unit.
The bluetooth unit may be implemented as a bluetooth chip, and is mainly used for the terminal to bluetooth connect to the battery management system 10, so as to transmit the working state information of the battery detected by the peripheral module 103 to the terminal. Including but not limited to a cell phone, computer or other terminal with bluetooth device.
Certainly, besides performing data transmission, the bluetooth unit is also used to locate the storage position of the battery pack to which the battery cell 20 belongs in the warehouse, so that the battery pack can be conveniently and effectively searched.
The networking unit is used for realizing the networking function of the battery management system 10.
The bus interface unit includes a Controller Area Network (CAN) chip and a 485 chip. The CAN/485 bus interface chip is arranged on the main control module of the battery management system 10, so that the battery management system 10 CAN communicate with other parts of the shared electric bicycle.
The storage module 1033 is configured to store operating state information of the battery cell. Alternatively, the memory module 1033 may be implemented by a Flash memory chip. The data stored in the storage module 1033 may be not only the operating state information of the battery cell, but also record information related to an abnormal state of the battery cell 20, or record information of other data, and the like.
In one embodiment, the peripheral module 103 further includes a download port, which is an interface for connecting the main control module 102 to an upper computer, for example, and can configure various functions of the main control module 102.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery management system 10 when the detection module 1031 includes a water inlet detection unit, an on-site detection unit, a temperature and voltage detection unit, and an acceleration detection unit, and the communication module includes a bluetooth unit, a network connection unit, a CAN/485 chip, and the storage module 1033 is a Flash storage chip.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the peripheral module comprises a detection module, a communication module and a storage module; the detection module can detect the working state information of the battery core, the communication module can transmit data, and the storage module can store the working state information of the battery core. Because the module of three kinds of different functions of detection, transmission and storage has been set up in the peripheral hardware module for can detect the operating condition information of electric core more comprehensively, thereby determine the operating condition information of electric core more accurately and high-efficiently.
In addition, on the basis of any of the above embodiments, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the battery management system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a charge-discharge module 104, where the charge-discharge module 104 is respectively connected to a positive terminal of the battery cell 20, the front-end acquisition module 101, and an output positive terminal controlled by the battery management system 10; the charging and discharging module 104 is configured to control to discharge the battery cell 20, or charge the battery cell 20 according to an external power source.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram based on fig. 1 as an example. In fig. 4, a first end of the charge-discharge module 104 is connected to a positive terminal B + of the battery cell 20, a second end is connected to the front end acquisition module 101, and a third end is connected to an output positive terminal P + controlled by the battery management system 10.
The charge-discharge module 104 corresponds to a switch for controlling charge and discharge, and may be, for example, a charge-discharge MOS. The output from the battery cell 20 (i.e., discharging) and the input from the external power source to the battery cell 20 (i.e., charging) are performed by closing or opening the charging/discharging module 104.
Of course, in some scenarios, the charging and discharging module 104 may be turned on or off based on the control signal sent by the front-end acquisition module 101.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the charging and discharging module 104 includes a charging switch unit 1041 and a discharging switch unit 1042; the first end of the charging switch unit 1041 is connected to the positive end of the battery core 20, the second end of the charging switch unit 1041 and the second end of the discharging switch unit 1042 are both connected to the front-end acquisition module 101, the third end of the charging switch unit 1041 is connected to the first end of the discharging switch unit 1042, and the third end of the discharging switch unit 1042 is connected to the positive output end P + controlled by the battery management system 10.
The charge switch unit 1041 may be a charge MOS, and the discharge switch unit 1042 may be a discharge MOS. The charging MOS and the discharging MOS are both provided with body diodes, so that when charging is carried out, current enters the battery cell B + from P +, the charging MOS determines the magnitude of the charging current, and the discharging MOS is equivalent to a lead in the charging process; during discharging, current is output from the battery cell B + to the P +, at the moment, the discharging MOS determines the magnitude of the discharging current, and in the discharging process, the charging MOS is equivalent to a wire.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the charging switch unit and the discharging switch unit are both connected between the battery cell B + and the output positive terminal P + controlled by the battery management system 10, so as to achieve the same charging and discharging effect.
In some scenarios, in order to prevent the cell 20 from being damaged due to excessive current during charging or discharging, in an embodiment, the cell 20 may be charged and discharged at a low current by providing a pre-charged switch. As shown in fig. 6, the charging switch unit 1041 includes a pre-charging switch unit 10411 and a quasi-charging switch unit 10412; the discharge switch unit 1042 includes a pre-discharge switch unit 10421 and a quasi-discharge switch unit 10422; the pre-charging switch unit 10411 is connected in parallel with the quasi-charging switch unit 10412; the pre-discharge switch unit 10421 and the quasi-discharge switch unit 10422 are connected in parallel; and the charging current controlled by the pre-charge switch unit 10411 is smaller than the charging current controlled by the quasi-charge switch unit 10412; the pre-discharge switch unit 10421 controls a discharge current smaller than that of the quasi-discharge switch unit 10422.
Fig. 6 is a clear illustration, in which the front-end acquisition module 101 is connected to the charge-discharge module 104, but it should be noted that, in practical applications, the pre-charge switch unit 10411 and the quasi-charge switch unit 10412, and the pre-discharge switch unit 10421 and the quasi-discharge switch unit 10422 are both connected to the front-end acquisition module 101.
The pre-charging switch unit 10411 is connected in parallel with the quasi-charging switch unit 10412; the pre-discharge switch unit 10421 and the quasi-discharge switch unit 10422 are connected in parallel. The difference between pre-charge and quasi-charge and discharge is that the charge and discharge current controlled by the pre-charge and discharge switch unit is smaller than the charge and discharge current controlled by the quasi-charge and discharge switch unit.
The charge switch unit and the discharge switch unit take MOS as an example, and the pre-charge MOS and the pre-discharge MOS are configured to charge the battery cell 20 with a small current in a charge start phase and to discharge the battery cell 20 with a small current in a discharge start phase.
Specifically, during charging, the current enters the battery cell B + from P +, and at this time, the quasi-charging MOS determines the magnitude of the charging current, and at the beginning, only the pre-charging MOS may be enabled to charge with a small current, the charging amount reaches a certain degree, the pre-charging MOS is turned off, and the quasi-charging MOS is enabled to formally charge the battery cell 20. During the charging process, the pre-discharge MOS and the quasi-discharge MOS are equivalent to a conducting wire.
During discharging, current is output to P + from the battery cell B +, at the moment, the discharging MOS determines the discharging current, only the pre-discharging MOS is started to discharge at a low current, and after the discharging amount reaches a certain degree, the pre-discharging MOS is closed, and the quasi-discharging MOS is started. The discharging process, the pre-charge MOS and the quasi-charge MOS correspond to one wire.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the charging and discharging of the battery cell 20 are realized in the same port mode of charging and discharging, and a port does not need to be specially set for charging or discharging, so that when a product of a battery pack to which the battery cell 20 belongs is realized, the battery pack can be realized in a smaller volume. And the pre-charging switch unit is arranged, so that pre-charging and pre-discharging can be carried out at low current in the charging and discharging process, the damage caused by overlarge current in the charging or discharging process is avoided, and the safety of the battery pack is ensured.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the battery management system 10 further includes an equalizing module 105; one end of the balancing module 105 is connected with the battery cell 20, and the other end is connected with the front-end acquisition module 101; and the balancing module 105 is used for balancing the electric energy of each battery in the battery cell.
Fig. 7 is an example of the equalization module 105 illustrated in fig. 1.
It is mentioned that the battery cell 20 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a battery cell including a plurality of batteries connected in series, and for each of the battery cells 20 connected in series, the voltages of the corresponding batteries may be unequal. For this case, the balancing module 105 is used to balance the electric energy of the batteries corresponding to the cells connected in series.
For example, when the difference before the electric energy of the battery corresponding to each series-connected battery cell reaches a certain threshold, the balancing function of the balancing module 105 may be triggered, so that the electric energy of a certain string of battery with higher voltage is consumed separately until the voltage of each string of battery is the same.
The balancing module 105 may be different switches implemented by resistors, triodes, and the like, so as to balance the electric energy of each battery in the battery cell 20.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the balancing module 105 may balance the electric energy of each battery in the battery cell, so that the electric energy of the battery cell is more balanced and stable in output.
As for the front-end acquisition module 101 in the battery management system 10, when acquiring the operating parameters of the battery core 20, the front-end acquisition module may be implemented by an acquisition module, as shown in fig. 8, in an embodiment, the battery management system 10 further includes an acquisition module 106; the first end of the collection module 106 is connected to the front-end collection module 101, so that the front-end collection module 101 collects parameter information of the battery core through the collection module 106.
Fig. 8 is an example of the acquisition module 106 shown in fig. 1.
The acquisition module 106 may be integrally packaged as an independent chip as an acquisition module, or may be implemented independently as a sensor or other device. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 9, the acquisition module 106 includes a sampling resistor 1061 and a cell temperature detection unit 1062; the sampling resistor 1061 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell 20, the front-end acquisition module 101, and the output negative terminal P-controlled by the battery management system 10; the cell temperature detection unit 1062 is connected to the front end acquisition module 101.
The sampling resistor 1061 is used to detect the current of the battery cell 20. In the charging or discharging process, a current flows through the sampling resistor 1061, so that the difference between the voltage across the sampling resistor 1061 and the resistance of the sampling resistor 1061 reflects the magnitude of the flowing current, thereby detecting the current.
The cell temperature detection unit 1062 is configured to detect the temperature of the battery cell 20 itself. The cell temperature detection unit 1062 may be a temperature sensor or a temperature detection probe, for example, n temperature detection probes are placed around the cell for monitoring the temperature of the cell 20, for example, n is greater than or equal to 4.
By detecting the temperature of the battery cell 20, it can be ensured that the external input and output of the battery management system 10 can be timely disconnected when the temperature of the battery cell 20 is abnormal, so as to protect the battery cell.
In some scenarios, protective measures may be provided to prevent thermal runaway. As shown in fig. 10, in an embodiment, the battery management system 10 further includes a protection module 107, where the protection module 107 is respectively connected to a positive terminal of the battery cell 20 and an output positive terminal P + controlled by the battery management system 10; and the protection module 107 is used for preventing thermal runaway of the charging or discharging process of the battery cell 20.
The protection module 107 is a protection device that is set for thermal runaway of a charging or discharging process. The protection device needs to be disposed between the positive terminal of the battery cell 20 and the positive output terminal P + controlled by the battery management system 10.
Optionally, the protection module 107 includes at least one of a reverse-connect protection circuit 1071 and a fuse 1072.
As shown in fig. 11, a reverse connection protection circuit 1071 and a fuse 1072 are schematically illustrated.
If the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the charger of the external power supply are reversely connected, the reverse connection protection circuit 1071 forcibly closes the charge-discharge module 104 to stop the charge-discharge process of the battery cell 20, thereby preventing thermal runaway. And when the short circuit condition appears, the fuse can fuse, prevents to appear thermal runaway. Certainly, in some scenarios, the front-end acquisition module 101 may be provided with a short-circuit protection circuit, and for this situation, if a short circuit occurs during the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 20 and the short-circuit protection circuit of the front-end acquisition module 101 has failed, the fuse may be blown.
The embodiment of the disclosure can prevent thermal runaway of the battery cell charging or discharging process by arranging the protection device.
Of course, each module in the battery management system 10 may need to use power to operate normally. Based on this, an embodiment is provided, in which the battery management system further includes a power supply unit; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the peripheral module.
The power supply unit may be implemented by a power supply chip, for example, a 3V or 5V power supply chip may be set. After the 3V or 5V power supply chip is arranged, power can be supplied to each module in the battery management system according to different power supplies. For example, a 5V power supply may be used for the power supply of the CAN chip, and a 3.3V power supply is used for the power supply of the chips such as the main control module 102, Flash, 485, bluetooth, accelerometer, and so on, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the peripheral module.
Referring to fig. 12, in this embodiment, the front end acquisition module 101 is an AFE, the main control module 102 is an MCU, the pre-charge/discharge switch unit is a pre-charge/discharge MOS, and the communication modules are a CAN chip, a reserved 485 chip, and a bluetooth chip; the detection module is for example water inlet detection, in-place detection, accelerometer and board end temperature and voltage detection. The front-end acquisition module 101 in the battery management system 10 provided in fig. 12 further includes a download port, which is an interface for connecting the front-end acquisition module 101 and an upper computer, and in some scenarios, various functions of the front-end acquisition module 101 may be configured.
For specific limitations of the battery management system 10, reference may be made to the limitations of the battery management system 10 in the foregoing embodiments, which are not described herein again.
In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery pack, which includes the battery management system provided in any of the above embodiments. The battery cells 20 and the battery management system constitute a battery pack.
There is also provided a vehicle comprising a battery pack as provided in any of the above embodiments.
By taking the vehicle as an electric bicycle as an example, the battery pack is installed in the vehicle, so that the electric energy is used for driving the vehicle to run, the working state information of the battery of the vehicle can be efficiently and accurately acquired, the condition of the battery can be accurately mastered, and the safety of the battery in the vehicle is ensured.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express a few implementation modes of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and these are all within the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the embodiment of the disclosure should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A battery management system, characterized in that the battery management system comprises: the system comprises a front-end acquisition module, a main control module and at least two peripheral modules with different functions; the main control module is respectively connected with the front-end acquisition module and the peripheral module;
the front-end acquisition module is connected to two ends of the battery cell and is used for acquiring parameter information of the battery cell;
the peripheral module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery core.
2. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the at least two different functional peripheral modules comprise: the device comprises a detection module, a communication module and a storage module;
the detection module is used for detecting the working state information of the battery cell;
the communication module is used for data transmission;
the storage module is used for storing the working state information of the battery core.
3. The battery management system of claim 2, wherein the detection module comprises at least one of a water ingress detection unit, an in-place detection unit, a temperature and voltage detection unit, and an acceleration detection unit.
4. The battery management system of claim 2, wherein the communication module comprises at least one of a bluetooth unit, a networking unit, and a bus interface unit.
5. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery management system further comprises a charge and discharge module; the charging and discharging module is respectively connected with the positive end of the battery core, the front end acquisition module and the output positive end controlled by the battery management system;
the charging and discharging module is used for controlling the electric core to be discharged or charging the electric core according to an external power supply.
6. The battery management system of claim 5, wherein the charge-discharge module comprises a charge switch unit and a discharge switch unit;
the first end of the charging switch unit is connected with the positive end of the battery core, the second end of the charging switch unit and the second end of the discharging switch unit are both connected to the front end acquisition module, the third end of the charging switch unit is connected with the first end of the discharging switch unit, and the third end of the discharging switch unit is connected with the output positive end controlled by the battery management system.
7. The battery management system of claim 6, wherein the charge switch unit comprises a pre-charge switch unit and a quasi-charge switch unit; the discharging switch unit comprises a pre-discharging switch unit and a quasi-discharging switch unit, and the pre-charging switch unit is connected with the quasi-charging switch unit in parallel; the pre-discharge switch unit and the quasi-discharge switch unit are connected in parallel;
the charging current controlled by the pre-charging switch unit is smaller than the charging current controlled by the quasi-charging switch unit; the discharging current controlled by the pre-discharging switch unit is smaller than the discharging current controlled by the quasi-discharging switch unit.
8. The battery management system of any of claims 1-4, further comprising a balancing module; one end of the balancing module is connected with the battery cell, and the other end of the balancing module is connected with the front-end acquisition module; and the balancing module is used for balancing the electric energy of each battery in the battery core.
9. The battery management system of any of claims 1-4, further comprising an acquisition module; the first end of the acquisition module is connected to the front-end acquisition module;
the front-end acquisition module acquires the parameter information of the battery cell through the acquisition module.
10. The battery management system of claim 9, wherein the acquisition module comprises a sampling resistor and a cell temperature detection unit;
the sampling resistor is respectively connected with the negative end of the battery cell, the front end acquisition module and the output negative end controlled by the battery management system; the battery core temperature detection unit is connected to the front end acquisition module.
11. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a protection module, wherein the protection module is respectively connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell and the positive output terminal controlled by the battery management system;
the protection module is used for preventing thermal runaway of the battery cell in the charging or discharging process.
12. The battery management system of claim 11, wherein the protection module comprises at least one of a reverse-connect protection circuit and a fuse.
13. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery management system further comprises a power supply unit; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the peripheral module.
14. A battery pack, characterized in that the battery pack comprises the battery management system of any one of claims 1-13.
15. A vehicle comprising the battery pack of claim 14.
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| CN115579999A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-06 | 苏州绿恺动力电子科技有限公司 | Battery operation management system and battery operation management method |
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| CN115579999A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-06 | 苏州绿恺动力电子科技有限公司 | Battery operation management system and battery operation management method |
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Effective date of registration: 20221018 Address after: 100089 No.203, 2nd floor, building 34, courtyard 8, Dongbeiwang West Road, Haidian District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing Qisheng Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: HANGZHOU QINGQI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Xiamen Qiwen Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100089 No.203, 2nd floor, building 34, courtyard 8, Dongbeiwang West Road, Haidian District, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing Qisheng Technology Co.,Ltd. |