CN216146245U - Power supply circuit device and controller using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power supply circuit device and a controller adopting the same, the power supply circuit device comprises a PCB board, a switch power supply circuit is arranged on the PCB board, the switch power supply circuit comprises a switch module, a switch transformer, a rectifier module and a filter module, the switch module is provided with a peak absorption circuit, the switch module is powered by a DC bus power supply, a bus current loop is formed by routing from the anode of the DC bus power supply, the peak absorption circuit, a first winding of the switch transformer, the input electrode of a switch tube of the switch module, the output electrode of the switch tube of the switch module to the cathode of the DC bus power supply, the area of the bus current loop is 100-200 square millimeters, and the width of the routing is 0.7-2.4 millimeters, thereby effectively reducing the interference signal of the transmitting electromagnetic field of the current loop, and effectively reducing the interference on peripheral circuits, particularly on a weak-current MCU control circuit, therefore, the anti-interference capability of the whole control circuit is improved, and the working reliability of the whole control circuit is enhanced.

Description

Power supply circuit device and controller using same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power supply circuit device and a controller adopting the same, and belongs to the technical field of controller application.

Background

At present, switching power supplies in electronic appliances and household electrical appliances are very commonly applied, and due to the high frequency of the switching power supplies, the high switching action of power switching devices is one of the main causes of electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by electronic systems. When the switching power supply operates, the voltage and current waveforms inside the switching power supply rise and fall within a very short time, and therefore, the switching power supply itself is a noise generating source. Whether the design of the PCB wiring of the circuit board of the switching power supply is reasonable or not can critically affect the interference of the noise propagation on other modules in the circuit, such as an MCU control part and a driving part. At present, in some applications, the PCB wiring of the switching power supply is not paid much attention, but the wiring of other circuit modules is emphasized, so that the problem of unstable operation of the whole circuit board is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to solve the problem that the whole control circuit board is unstable in operation due to unreasonable PCB wiring of a switching power supply in the control circuit board of the existing household appliance.

The switch module is connected with an input winding of the switch transformer, the rectifier module is connected with an output winding of the switch transformer, the filter module is connected with the rectifier module, the switch module is provided with a peak absorption circuit, the switch module is powered by a direct-current bus power supply, a bus current loop is formed by wiring from an anode of the direct-current bus power supply, the peak absorption circuit, a first winding of the switch transformer, an input electrode of a switch tube of the switch module, an output electrode of the switch tube of the switch module to a cathode of the direct-current bus power supply, the area of the bus current loop is 100-200 square millimeters, and the width of the wiring is 0.7-2.4 millimeters.

Optionally, the peak absorption circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first resistor, and a first diode, where the first capacitor is connected in parallel to the positive electrode of the input end of the dc bus power supply and the negative electrode of the input end of the dc bus power supply, one end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected to the input electrode of the switching tube of the switching module, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel to the first resistor, where a trace connecting one end of the first resistor, the input winding of the switching transformer, the anode of the first diode and the input electrode of the switching tube of the switching module forms a peak absorption current loop, and an area of the peak absorption current loop is 20 square millimeters to 60 square millimeters.

Optionally, an output power source positive line and an output power source negative line between the filtering module and the power load for supplying power are arranged in parallel, and a distance between the output power source positive line and the output power source negative line is 0.254 mm to 0.35 mm.

Optionally, the PCB is a double-sided board, the positive output power trace and the negative output power trace are respectively disposed on two sides of the PCB, one end of the negative output power trace is connected to the negative electrode of the filter module, and the other end of the negative output power trace is connected to the ground terminal of the output winding of the switching transformer.

Optionally, the number of the rectifier modules and the number of the filter modules are multiple, and the widths of power supply positive wires and power supply negative wires respectively connected to the plurality of rectifier modules and the plurality of filter modules are consistent with the sizes of the corresponding overcurrent of the rectifier modules and the corresponding filter modules.

Optionally, the rectifier module includes a second diode connected in series to the positive line of the output power supply, and the second diode is disposed near an output end of the second winding output by the switching transformer.

Optionally, the filtering module includes a third electrolytic capacitor, the third electrolytic capacitor is disposed close to the second diode, the third electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel between the output power supply positive line and the output power supply negative line, and the second diode and the third electrolytic capacitor are disposed according to the following rule: the direction of the connecting line of the two pins connected with the second diode is not parallel to the direction of the connecting line of the two pins connected with the third electrolytic capacitor.

Optionally, a connecting line direction of the two pins connected with the second diode is perpendicular to a connecting line direction of the two pins connected with the third electrolytic capacitor.

The utility model also discloses a controller, which is provided with the power supply circuit device, an MCU control circuit and a motor drive module, wherein the motor drive module comprises an integrated semiconductor circuit and a sampling resistor for sampling three-phase current output by the semiconductor circuit, and a first bus negative electrode wire for supplying power to the semiconductor circuit, a second bus negative electrode wire for supplying power to the switch power supply and a third bus negative electrode wire connected with the MCU control circuit are connected to a grounding combination area close to the sampling resistor in a common way.

Optionally, a width of a negative wire of an output power supply connected to the power supply circuit device and supplying power to the semiconductor circuit is smaller than the first bus ground wire and the second bus ground wire, the negative wire is far away from the first bus ground wire and the second bus ground wire, and the negative wire is connected to the ground connection area.

The power circuit device comprises a PCB, a switching power circuit is arranged on the PCB and comprises a switch module, a switching transformer, a rectifying module and a filtering module, the switch module is connected with an input winding of the switching transformer, the rectifying module is connected with an output winding of the switching transformer, the filtering module is connected with the rectifying module, the switch module is provided with a peak absorbing circuit, the switch module is powered by a direct current bus power supply, a bus current loop is formed by routing from a positive pole of the direct current bus power supply, the peak absorbing circuit, a first winding of the switching transformer, an input pole of a switching tube of the switch module, an output pole of the switching tube of the switch module to a negative pole of the direct current bus power supply, the area of the bus current loop is 100-200 square millimeters, and the width of the routing is 0.7-2.4 millimeters, so that the interference signal of an electromagnetic field emitted by the current loop can be effectively reduced, therefore, the interference to peripheral circuits, particularly to MCU control circuits working in weak current is effectively reduced, the anti-interference capability of the whole control circuit is improved, and the working reliability of the whole control circuit is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of PCB wiring and screen printing for a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a power circuit portion corresponding to A1 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is another enlarged view of a power circuit portion corresponding to A1 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front side wiring and front side screen printing view of the PCB of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a power supply circuit portion corresponding to a2 in fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view corresponding to C in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a rear wiring and front screen printing view of the PCB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view corresponding to A3 in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power circuit arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of an MCU control circuit and an inverter module in the controller according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

It is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict in structure or function. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

The utility model firstly provides a power supply circuit device, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, which comprises a PCB board, wherein a switch power supply circuit is arranged on the PCB board, a plurality of electronic elements are arranged on the PCB board, a wiring formed by copper foil is arranged on the PCB board, the switch power supply circuit is formed by the wiring and the electronic elements, so that input alternating current is converted into output direct current low voltage electricity, and the switch power supply circuit can output multi-path direct current low voltage electricity, such as +5V, +12V and +15V, and the like, so as to supply power for different electric loads. As shown in fig. 9, the switching power supply circuit includes a switching module 10, a switching transformer 30, a rectifying module and a filtering module, wherein the switching module 10 is connected to an input winding of the switching transformer 30, the rectifying module is connected to an output winding of the switching transformer 30, and the filtering module is connected to the rectifying module. The switch module 10 may be composed of a separate switch tube and an electronic component connected thereto, or may be composed of a switch chip and a peripheral electronic component connected thereto, as shown in fig. 9, and the switch module 10 is mainly composed of a switch chip IC 2. The switching module 10 is powered by the input rectified and filtered dc high voltage, i.e. dc bus voltage, taking 220V ac as an example, the dc bus voltage generally can reach 300V, and the high-speed switching action of the switching module 10 generates a varying current on the primary winding of the switching transformer 30, induces a corresponding voltage ac on the secondary winding of the switching transformer 30, and then outputs a low-voltage dc through the rectification and filtering of the rectification module and the filtering module. As shown in fig. 9, the number of the rectifying modules and the number of the filtering modules are three, and the three rectifying modules and the three filtering modules are respectively a first rectifying module 41 and a first filtering module 42, a second rectifying module 51 and a second filtering module 52, and a third rectifying module 61 and a third filtering module 62. The switch module 10 is further provided with a peak absorption circuit 20, the peak absorption circuit 20 is disposed at a dc bus voltage line end for supplying power to the switch module 10, and plays a role of absorbing interference pulses on the dc bus line, the peak absorption circuit 20 generally comprises a resistance-capacitance filter circuit, and the dc bus of the peak absorption circuit 20 filters the interference pulses and then supplies power to the switch module 10. The bus current loop CL1, which is a current loop indicated by a dotted line shown in fig. 2, has an area of 100 mm to 200 mm square, and the bus current loop CL1 has a width of 0.7 mm to 2.4 mm, where the bus current loop CL1 is connected to the positive electrode P + of the dc bus power supply, the spike absorbing circuit 20, and the primary winding of the switching transformer 30, i.e., the input winding, the input electrode of the switching tube of the switching module 10, and the output electrode of the switching tube of the switching module 10, are routed to the negative electrode of the dc bus power supply, so as to form a bus current loop CL 1.

Because the switch module 10 normally works in a high-frequency switch state and supplies power with direct-current high-voltage electricity of about 300V, when the high-speed switch of the switch module is switched, the current in a bus current loop CL1 formed by the wiring of the switch transformer 30 and the peak absorption circuit 20 connected with the switch module is in a high-speed pulsating state corresponding to the working frequency of the switch module 10, according to the electromagnetic induction principle, the current loop easily emits an electromagnetic field to form an interference source, thereby generating interference on peripheral circuits, particularly a control circuit provided with an MCU, and in a severe case, the current loop can interfere with a signal detected by the MCU and/or an output control signal to cause abnormal work, because the MCU works in a weak voltage such as 3-5V, the current loop is very easy to be interfered, and in a severe case, the whole control circuit is abnormal to cause a fault. Therefore, it is important how to reduce the interference electromagnetic field emitted by the bus current loop CL1, and through experimental tests, the area of the bus current loop CL1 is set to be 100 mm square to 200 mm square, such as 140 mm square, and the width of the PCB wiring in the loop is 0.7 mm to 2.4 mm, so that the intensity of the emitted electromagnetic field can be obviously reduced, that is, the noise intensity is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the interference to the peripheral circuit, particularly the MCU control circuit 91 operating in weak current, and thus improving the anti-interference capability of the whole control circuit, and further enhancing the operational reliability of the whole control circuit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 10, the spike absorption circuit 20 includes a first capacitor CX1, a second capacitor C1, a first resistor R1 and a first diode D1, wherein, the first capacitor CX1 is connected in parallel with the positive pole of the DC bus power input end and the negative pole of the DC bus power input end, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the positive pole of the DC bus power, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the input pole of the switch tube of the switch module 10, the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1, the peak absorption current loop CL2 is formed by the wires connecting one end of the first resistor R1, the first winding of the primary winding of the switching transformer 30, the anode of the first diode D1 and the input electrode of the switching tube of the switching module 10, and the area of the peak absorption current loop CL2 is 20 mm to 60 mm. The first capacitor CX1 is disposed at the input end of the spike absorption circuit 20, and the switch module 10 is mainly composed of a switch chip IC2, in which a switch tube is integrated. The switch module 10 may also be composed of discrete electronic components in other embodiments. As can be seen from fig. 3, the peak absorbing circuit 20, the first winding of the switching transformer 30, and the input pole of the switching tube of the switching module 10 are routed to form a peak absorbing current loop CL2, the peak absorbing current loop CL2 belongs to one small loop of the bus current loops CL1, and the current in the loop generates an alternating current due to the high-speed operation of the switching tube, so that noise generated in the bus current loop CL1 mainly interferes with the loop, and the noise level of the entire bus current loop CL1 is determined by controlling the noise level of the loop. Through experimental tests, the area of the loop is limited to 20 square millimeters to 60 square millimeters, such as 40 square millimeters, the generation of noise can be well limited, and therefore the interference on a peripheral circuit module is effectively reduced.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the output power source positive trace and the output power source negative trace connecting the rectifying module, the filtering module, and the filtering module to the power load for supplying power are disposed in parallel, and a distance between the output power source positive trace and the output power source negative trace is 0.254 mm to 0.35 mm. As shown in fig. 9, the switching transformer 30 includes two secondary windings, namely a first secondary winding connecting the 9 th pin and the 10 th pin of the switching transformer 30, and a second secondary winding connecting the 6 th pin and the 7 th pin of the switching transformer 30, a first rectifying module 41 and a first filtering module 42 correspondingly connected to the first secondary winding, a second rectifying module 51 and a second filtering module 52 correspondingly connected to the second secondary winding, the first rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 output a first power voltage of +15V, and the second rectifying module 51 and the second filtering module 52 output a second power voltage of + 5V. Two lines L11 and L12 connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first power supply voltage of the first rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 to the electric load are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two lines is relatively small; two lines L21 and L22 connecting the positive pole and the negative pole of the second power supply voltage of the second rectifying module 51 and the second filtering module 52 to the electric load are also arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two lines is relatively small; make the anodal electric current loop area of walking the line formation of walking with the power negative pole of power like this and try hard to the interference that peripheral circuit received is reduced to this to the influence of the electromagnetic noise that produces like above-mentioned bus current loop CL1, thereby make the direct current voltage noise of power output low, it is purer stable, reduce the interference to the power consumption load.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 9, the PCB is a double-sided board, the positive output power trace and the negative output power trace are respectively disposed on two sides of the PCB, and one end of the negative output power trace is connected to the negative electrode of the filter module, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the output winding of the switching transformer 30. Since the rectifier diodes in the rectifier modules operate in a high-speed switching state, as shown in the figure, the third rectifier diode D3 of the first rectifier module 41 and the fourth rectifier diode D4 of the second rectifier module 51 generate reverse current when they are turned off, which may generate fast current change di/dt under the influence of leakage inductance of the switching transformer 30 and distribution parameters in other circuits, thereby generating very high frequency interference, the frequency of which may reach several tens of mhz, so that if the wiring is not reasonable, strong electromagnetic interference noise may be generated at dynamic nodes such as the rectifier diodes and the filtered electrolytic capacitors, thereby generating interference on surrounding control circuits, and the electromagnetic interference noise may also be transmitted to other electric load circuits such as the MCU control circuit 91 along with the output power traces, thereby affecting the operational reliability of these load circuits. To avoid this problem, it is necessary to reduce the lengths of the traces of the electronic components associated with these dynamic nodes as much as possible, and to reduce the loop area formed by the positive power supply trace and the negative power supply trace connecting these electronic components as much as possible, so as to reduce the strength of the noise generation source. For this purpose, two measures can be improved, one of which is to place the rectifier diodes, such as the third rectifier diode D3 and the fourth rectifier diode D4 in fig. 2, as close as possible to the corresponding output winding end of the switching transformer 30, such as to place the third rectifier diode D3 close to the output end of the first secondary winding and to place the fourth rectifier diode D4 close to the second secondary winding, so as to reduce the length of the trace of the electronic component related to the dynamic node. Secondly, the output power supply cathode trace, i.e. the ground wire, connecting the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor of the filter module with the ground wire, and the output power supply anode trace, i.e. the anode of the electrolytic capacitor with the ground wire, are respectively disposed on both sides of the double-sided PCB, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 8, the power supply cathode trace LGND connecting the second electrolytic capacitor E2 and the third electrolytic capacitor E3 is disposed on the back side of the PCB, and specifically, the power supply cathode trace LGND is respectively connected to the second electrolytic capacitor E2 and the third electrolytic capacitor E3 and is connected to the ground terminal of the secondary winding of the switching transformer T1. As shown in fig. 3 to 8, the current loop CL3 formed thereby is as small as possible, because if the current loop CL3 is disposed on the same side of the PCB, due to the limitation of the wiring, some of the electronic components and the wires of the other electronic components must be bypassed, so that the loop area formed by the wires is enlarged, and the ground wire is disposed on the other side of the positive wire, as shown in fig. 5, the wires connecting the electronic components are also on the same side of the positive wire, so that the wires of the ground wire can directly run the shortest distance to connect the negative electrode of the output capacitor and the ground terminal of the output winding of the transformer, i.e., the ground terminals of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding, so that the loop area formed between the positive wire and the ground wire is as small as possible, thereby further effectively reducing the noise source, reducing the electromagnetic noise, and thereby reducing the interference to other peripheral circuits.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 8, the number of the rectifier modules and the filter modules is multiple, and the widths of the positive power trace and the negative power trace respectively connecting the plurality of rectifier modules and the plurality of filter modules are consistent with the magnitudes of the over-currents of the corresponding rectifier modules and the corresponding filter modules. As shown in fig. 9, the switching power supply circuit outputs multiple paths of direct current, and the output current thereof differs according to the difference of the electrical loads, for example, the first rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 output a +15V voltage designed current of 150mA, and the second rectifying module 51 and the second filtering module 52 output a +12V voltage designed current of 850mA, so the output current of the second rectifying module 51 and the second filtering module 52 is much larger, as can be seen from the above embodiments, the rectifying diode in the rectifying module operating at high speed will generate electromagnetic interference noise, and propagate other electrical loads through the trace, and the trace itself also forms antenna effect to radiate to the outside, in order to reduce the capability of the trace to transmit interference noise, the width of the trace should be reduced as much as possible, so the width of the trace is consistent with the magnitude of the overcurrent, rather than a uniform size, as can be seen from fig. 3, the trace connecting the second rectifying module 51 and the second filtering module 52 is obviously more than the trace connecting the second rectifying module The widths of the wires of the rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 are about half of the width of the wires, so that the interference propagation capacity of the wires of the first rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 is effectively reduced, the interference noise generated by the whole power circuit is further reduced, and the working reliability of the whole control circuit is improved. Specifically, the width of the trace connecting the first rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 may be 0.5 mm to 1 mm, for example, 0.6 mm, and the width of the trace connecting the second rectifying module 51 and the second filtering module 52 may be 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm, for example, 1.3 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 8, the filtering module includes a filtering electrolytic capacitor, the electrolytic capacitor is disposed close to the rectifying diode of the corresponding rectifying module, the electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel between the positive trace of the output power source and the negative trace of the output power source, and the rectifying diode and the electrolytic capacitor are disposed according to the following rules: the direction of the connecting line connecting the two pins of the rectifier diode is not parallel to the direction of the connecting line connecting the two pins of the electrolytic capacitor. As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 2, the pins of the third diode D3 and the second electrolytic capacitor E2 corresponding to the first rectifying module 41 and the first filtering module 42 are not arranged in parallel, that is, the connecting line connecting the anode and the cathode of the third diode D3 and the trace connecting the second electrolytic capacitor E2 are not parallel, and at least a certain included angle exists between the connecting line and the trace, so that the diffusion direction of the electromagnetic interference source generated at the third diode D3 operating at a high speed is different from the trace direction, and a certain angle exists, and thus the interference signal transmitted to the trace is reduced. Similarly, the rectifier diodes and the filter capacitors corresponding to the other rectifier modules and the filter modules are also arranged in the same way, for example, the arrangement directions of the fourth diode D4 of the second rectifier module 51 and the pin of the third electrolytic capacitor E3 of the second filter module 52 are the same, and the arrangement directions of the second diode D2 of the third rectifier module 61 and the first electrolytic capacitor E1 of the third filter module 62 are the same, so that the electromagnetic interference noise of the diodes in the rectifier circuit is further reduced. Preferably, the pins of the rectifier diode and the electrolytic capacitor of the filter are arranged in a vertical direction, that is, the connecting lines of the pins of the two elements are arranged in a mutually vertical direction, so that the electromagnetic interference noise generated by the rectifier diode is reduced to the minimum.

The utility model further provides a power circuit device, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, which includes a PCB board, a switching power circuit is disposed on the PCB board, some electronic components are mounted on the PCB board, a wiring formed by copper foil is disposed on the PCB board, the switching power circuit is formed by the wiring and the electronic components, so as to convert an input ac into an output dc low voltage, and the switching power circuit can output multiple paths of dc low voltages, such as +5V, +12V and +15V, to supply power for different electrical loads. The switching power supply circuit comprises a switching module 10, a switching transformer 30, a rectifying module and a filtering module, wherein the switching module 10 is connected to an input winding of the switching transformer 30, the rectifying module is connected to an output winding of the switching transformer 30, and the filtering module is connected to the rectifying module. The switching module 10 is powered by the input rectified and filtered dc high voltage, i.e. dc bus voltage, taking 220V ac as an example, the dc bus voltage generally can reach 300V, and the high-speed switching action of the switching module 10 generates a varying current on the primary winding of the switching transformer 30, induces a corresponding voltage ac on the secondary winding of the switching transformer 30, and then outputs a low-voltage dc through the rectification and filtering of the rectification module and the filtering module. The number of the secondary windings can be multiple, and the number of the corresponding rectifying modules and the corresponding filtering modules is also multiple, so that the multi-path low-voltage direct current can be output. As shown in fig. 3 and 9, the number of the rectifying modules and the number of the filtering modules are three, namely, a first rectifying module 41 and a first filtering module 42, a second rectifying module 51 and a second filtering module 52, and a third rectifying module 61 and a third filtering module 62.

The PCB board is a double-sided board, the positive output power supply wiring and the negative output power supply wiring are respectively disposed on two sides of the PCB board, and one end of the power supply negative wiring is connected to the negative electrode of the filter module, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the output winding of the switch transformer 30. Since the rectifier diodes in the rectifier modules operate in a high-speed switching state, as shown in the figure, the third rectifier diode D3 of the first rectifier module 41 and the fourth rectifier diode D4 of the second rectifier module 51 generate reverse current when they are turned off, which may generate fast current change di/dt under the influence of leakage inductance of the switching transformer 30 and distribution parameters in other circuits, thereby generating very high frequency interference, the frequency of which may reach several tens of mhz, so that if the wiring is not reasonable, strong electromagnetic interference noise may be generated at dynamic nodes such as the rectifier diodes and the filtered electrolytic capacitors, thereby generating interference on surrounding control circuits, and the electromagnetic interference noise may also be transmitted to other electric load circuits such as the MCU control circuit 91 along with the output power traces, thereby affecting the operational reliability of these load circuits. To avoid this problem, it is necessary to reduce the lengths of the traces of the electronic components associated with these dynamic nodes as much as possible, and to reduce the loop area formed by the positive power supply trace and the negative power supply trace connecting these electronic components as much as possible, so as to reduce the strength of the noise generation source. For this purpose, two measures can be improved, one of which is to place the rectifier diodes, such as the third rectifier diode D3 and the fourth rectifier diode D4 in fig. 3, as close as possible to the corresponding output winding end of the switching transformer 30, such as to place the third rectifier diode D3 close to the output end of the first secondary winding and to place the fourth rectifier diode D4 close to the second secondary winding, so as to reduce the length of the trace of the electronic component related to the dynamic node. Secondly, the output power negative wire (i.e. the ground wire) connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor of the filter module and the output power positive wire connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor are respectively arranged on two sides of the double-sided PCB, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the current loop CL3 formed thereby is as small as possible, because if arranged on the same side of the PCB, due to the limitation of the wires, the two wires must bypass some electronic components and the wires on the other side, thus the loop area formed by the wires is enlarged, while the ground wire is arranged on the other side opposite to the positive wire, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the wires connected with the electronic components are also on the same side as the positive wire, so that the wires of the ground wire can directly run the shortest distance to connect the grounding ends of the output capacitor negative electrode and the transformer output winding, i.e. the grounding ends of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding, so that the loop area formed between the positive wire and the ground wire is as small as possible, therefore, the noise source is further effectively reduced, and the electromagnetic noise is reduced, so that the interference to other peripheral circuits is reduced.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 9, the filter module includes a first inductor L1, a first filter unit 521 connected in parallel to an input end of the first inductor L1, and a second filter unit 522 connected in parallel to an output end of the first inductor L1, the first filter unit 521 and the second filter unit 522 are connected in parallel between a positive power trace and a negative output power trace, and the trace connected to the first inductor L1 is gradually away from two ends of two pins of the first inductor L1. The second filtering module 52 connected to the second rectifying module 51 is of a pi-type filtering structure, that is, filtering units, that is, the first filtering unit 521 and the second filtering unit 522, are respectively connected in parallel on two sides of the first inductor L1, and compared with common capacitive filtering, the pi-type filtering circuit has a better filtering effect. As shown in fig. 9, the first trace L31 from the first filter unit 521 is connected to the input side of the first inductor L1, the second trace L32 from the output end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the second filter unit 522, the first trace L31 and the second trace L32 are respectively and gradually away from each other from the input end and the output end of the first inductor L1, that is, the first trace L31 and the second trace L32 are respectively distributed from two outward sides of two pins of the first inductor L1, instead of the first trace L31 and the second trace L32 having a part of the area between the two pins. As shown in fig. 6, the shortest distance between the first trace L31 and the second trace is the spacing H between two pins of the first inductor L1. If the first trace L31 and the second trace L32 have a portion smaller than the distance H between two pins of the first inductor L1, the parasitic capacitance existing between the two traces will be increased, thereby affecting the filtering effect of the first inductor L1. Therefore, the first wire L31 and the second wire L32 are gradually away from the input pin and the output pin of the first inductor L1, respectively, to set the filtering capability of the first inductor L1 correctly, so that the output power voltage is purer, and noise interference in the power voltage is reduced.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 9, the second filtering unit 522 includes a fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and a fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 connected in parallel, a first trace L31 connecting the first inductor L1 and the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4, and a second trace L32 connecting the first inductor L1 and the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 are distributed on two sides of the first inductor L1. As further shown in fig. 6, the trace L32 connected to the output pin of the second inductor further extends to form branches on the left and right sides, which correspond to the first branch trace L41 on the left and the second branch trace L42 on the right, and the lengths of the two branch traces are substantially equal and are symmetrically distributed with respect to the output pin, as shown in fig. 6, the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 is disposed at one end of the first branch trace L41 on the left side, and the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 is disposed at the other end of the second branch trace L42 on the right side. Therefore, the current from the second inductor is uniformly divided into two parts and is merged into the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5, so that the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 have the same filtering effect, and the filtering capacity of the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and the filtering capacity of the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 are improved by two times of that of one electrolytic capacitor. If the conventional front-back wiring mode is adopted, namely the wiring coming out of the second inductor is filtered by the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and then is further filtered by the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5, the filtering capability of the latter fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 cannot be exerted, so that the two can not realize the multiplied filtering capability although being connected in parallel. Therefore, the wiring mode for forming the branches can effectively improve the filtering capability.

Preferably, near the first inductor L1, there is a partial overlap between the first branch trace L41 and the second branch trace L42, so that the width of the overlapped trace is the same as the width of each branch trace after branching, which facilitates wiring, and reduces the interference caused by over-width when the overlapped width satisfies the over-current, as shown in fig. 6, the first branch trace L41 and the second branch trace L42 are overlapped at the second trace L32. Further, the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 are uniformly distributed on two sides of the output pin of the second inductor, so that the first branch trace L41 and the second branch trace L42 are completely symmetrical with respect to the output pin of the second inductor and are distributed substantially in a shape of a Chinese character 'ren'. Therefore, the current on the first branch line L41 and the current on the second branch line L42 are close to the same magnitude, the filtering capacity of the fourth electrolytic capacitor E4 and the filtering capacity of the fifth electrolytic capacitor E5 are utilized to the maximum, and the filtering effect is maximized.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the rectification module and the filtering module are located remotely from an electrical load powered by the output power source. As shown in fig. 1, 4, 7, 9 and 10, the Power load of the +15V Power output by the first rectifying Module 41 and the first filtering Module 42 is a circuit mainly composed of an inverter Module for driving a motor, i.e. an Intelligent Power Module (IPM), wherein the inverter Module includes a first inverter Module 93 and a second inverter Module 92, the first inverter Module 93 is used for driving a high-Power motor load, e.g. a compressor, the second inverter Module 92 is used for driving a low-Power motor load, e.g. a fan motor, the first rectifying Module 41 and the first filtering Module 42 output a Power voltage of +12V at a first stage, the Power load is a relay and a driving chip for driving the relay, the voltage of +12V is further reduced by the voltage reducing Module 80 to a voltage of +5V to Power the MCU control circuit 91, as can be seen from fig. 1, the loads are both far from the rectifying and filtering modules, the power loads are supplied with power from the output end of the filtering module through a long power supply wiring, because the rectifying and filtering module is in a high-speed state in the working process, particularly a rectifying diode of the rectifying module, and an interfering electromagnetic field, namely electromagnetic noise, can be generated in the working process, so that the power loads are far away from the rectifying module and the filtering module, namely, an electromagnetic noise generating source can be far away, and the interference is reduced. Especially, the MCU control circuit 91 can effectively reduce the interference of the signals received and outputted by the MCU control circuit, and improve the operational reliability of the MCU control circuit.

The utility model further provides a controller, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the controller includes the power supply circuit device mentioned in the above embodiment, and is further provided with an MCU control circuit 91, the MCU control circuit 91 includes an MCU for control and a peripheral circuit connected with the MCU, and is characterized in that the PCB is a double-sided board, a ground area G _ area is provided on the other side of the area opposite to the PCB board where the wirings connecting the MCU and the peripheral circuit are located, and the ground area G _ area is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the output power supply of the power supply circuit device. As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the MCU and the related components of the control circuit formed by the peripheral circuits connected thereto are mounted on the front surface of the PCB, electronic components packaged by a chip can be used, and a copper foil with a large area is disposed on the back surface of the area where the MCU and the electronic components are located, and connected to the negative electrode of the power supply for supplying power to the MCU control circuit 91, i.e., the ground terminal, to form a ground area G _ area. Because the MCU control circuit 91 transmits weak current signals with low voltage, such as 5V, and the signal frequency is higher, the MCU control circuit is susceptible to interference from peripheral circuits such as the power circuit of the above embodiment, and a larger area of floor is provided in the area of the MCU control circuit 91 to further reduce the interference, so as to further eliminate the electromagnetic noise caused by the interference. Since a large area of the floor is beneficial to reducing the impedance of the ground wire trace, the interference of the electromagnetic noise in the floor area G _ area is reduced. In addition to the MCU control circuit 91, other electrical loads such as comparators located close to the MCU can also be placed in the ground since they also operate at low voltage and the input and output signals are at high frequency and are also susceptible to interference. Three comparators U1, U2, and U3 provided near the MCU as shown in fig. 4 and 7 perform a large-area floor together with the MCU control circuit 91.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the controller further includes a bus power supply circuit for supplying power to the switching power supply, the bus power supply circuit outputs a bus positive trace and/or a bus negative trace of a dc bus voltage, the bus trace and the ground area G _ area are respectively disposed on two sides of the PCB, a projection of the ground area G _ area in a thickness direction of the PCB and the bus trace disposed on the other side of the PCB opposite to the ground area G _ area have a first bus trace in a non-overlapping area. As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 7, the bus power supply includes a filter circuit connected to an output of the rectifier bridge BR1, and mainly includes electrolytic capacitors E8 and E9 with large capacity, for an input of 220V ac voltage, a bus positive line and a bus negative line connected to the filter circuit provide high voltage direct current of about 300V, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the bus positive line includes a bus positive line L61, a bus positive line L62 and a bus positive line L63, which are connected in sequence, and the bus negative line includes a bus negative line L54, a bus negative line L55 and a bus negative line L53, which are connected in sequence. The negative wire of the bus bar and the negative wire of the low-voltage direct current output by the switching power supply device are at the same ground potential, but because the operation output in the bus bar positive electrode wire and the bus bar negative electrode wire is high-voltage direct current, the intelligent power module supplies power to an electric load such as an inverter module for driving a motor, namely the intelligent power module, and as the IPM module has a large working current of more than 10A, therefore, the current in the loop formed by the first bus wire for supplying power, namely the bus positive wire L62 and the bus negative wire L55, is much larger than the current in the loop of the negative wire of low-voltage direct current, the difference is close to or more than 10 times, therefore, the interference generated by the bus bar negative electrode line L55 and the bus bar positive electrode line L62 is relatively large, so that in order to avoid the interference to the peripheral low-voltage current, in particular, due to the interference of the MCU control circuit 91, the bus negative line L55 and the bus positive line L62 should be disposed as far away from the area where the MCU control circuit 91 is located as possible. As can be seen from fig. 1, at least a part of the bus bar negative trace L55 and the bus bar positive trace L62 are disposed on two sides of the PCB respectively, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, most of the bus bar positive trace L62 is disposed on the back side of the PCB, the bus bar negative trace L55 is disposed on the front side of the PCB, the ground area G _ area where the MCU control circuit 91 is located is disposed on the back side of the PCB, the projection of the first bus bar positive trace in the thickness direction of the PCB does not overlap with the ground area G _ area, that is, the two do not overlap in the thickness direction, it can be seen from the figure that the bus bar negative trace L55 has a certain distance from the ground area G _ area, so as to reduce the interference to the ground area G _ area, although the MCU is disposed in the approximate center of the ground area G _ area and is already far from the negative bus bar trace L55, if the trace L55 and the ground area G _ area overlap in the thickness direction, it will interfere with the ground area G _ area, and thus its operation will be interfered by the ground conducted into the MCU. As can be seen from fig. 7, there is an overlapping area between the portion of the bus positive trace L62 on the back side of the PCB and the portion of the bus negative trace L55 on the front side of the PCB in the thickness direction, because the overcurrent is large, the trace width is relatively large, and the overlapping arrangement can reduce the area occupied by the PCB, so as to make the overlapping area not overlap with the ground area G _ area in the thickness direction, thereby further reducing the interference to the MCU control circuit 91.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a second bus bar trace having an overlapping area with the ground area G _ area is further provided in the bus bar trace disposed on the other side of the PCB board relative to the ground area G _ area, and an overcurrent of the first bus bar trace is greater than an overcurrent of the second bus bar trace. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 7, the second bus bar trace connected to the first bus bar is used to supply power to the switching power supply mentioned in the above embodiments, because the power of the switching power supply is much lower than that of the inverter module, so the over current of the second bus bar is much smaller, and the width of the second bus bar trace is much narrower, as shown in fig. 4, the second bus bar negative electrode trace L56 in the second bus bar trace is located on the front side of the PCB, and the passing area thereof coincides with the thickness direction of the flooring area G _ area, as can be seen from the figure, although the potential of the second bus bar negative electrode trace L56 is the same as that of the flooring area G _ area, because the over current is higher than that of the MCU control circuit 91, and the two are different electric loads, the MCU control circuit 91 is in weak operation, the switching power supply is in operation, in order to avoid the interference generated by the switching power supply from directly entering through the ground wire, so the second negative electrode trace L3526 adopts a separate trace 56, rather than from between the flooring areas G _ area. Since the current in the second bus bar negative electrode line L56 is much lower than the current in the bus bar negative electrode line L55, and the interference in the lines is also much lower, the current can partially overlap with the ground area G _ area in the thickness direction, and the interference to the MCU control circuit 91 is not generated. The wiring avoids interference and reasonably utilizes the space of the double-sided board at the same time so as to reduce the area of the PCB occupied by wiring.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the controller further includes a motor driving module, and the motor driving module includes integrated semiconductor circuits, that is, the semiconductor circuits mentioned in the above embodiments are used for the first inverter module 93 and the second inverter module 92, wherein the first inverter module 93 mainly includes the first IPM module IPM1, and the second inverter module 92 mainly includes the second IPM module IPM1, and further includes a sampling resistor for sampling three-phase currents output by the first inverter module 93, such as a sampling resistor R15 for sampling three-phase currents output by the IPM 1. The bus negative electrode line L55 for supplying power to the first IPM module IPM1, the bus negative electrode line L56 for supplying power to the switch power supply, and the bus negative electrode line L57 connected to the MCU control circuit 91, i.e., the flooring area G _ area, are connected to the ground connection area near the connection sampling resistor R15. As shown in fig. 4, a corresponding negative trace is formed at one end of the sampling resistor R15 to branch outwards and peripherally to be connected to an output power source for supplying power to each electrical load, and the other end of the sampling resistor R15 is connected to a corresponding pin of the first IPM module IPM1 through the bus trace L52. The positive power supply wire and the negative power supply wire for each electric load form a closed loop, the size of the loop and the overcurrent in the loop generate an inductance effect to transmit electromagnetic interference signals to the electric load or other electric circuits, especially a large current loop, such as a dc bus loop for supplying power to the first IPM module IPM1, the current of which is much larger than that of the second IPM module IPM2, the MCU control circuit 91 and the power supply loop of the switching power supply, so the area of the dc bus loop should be reduced as much as possible, because the sampling resistor R15 needs to be close to the relevant pin of the IPM module, specifically the output pole of the W, V, U three-phase lower bridge arm switching tube in the IPM module, and the switching tube is an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), the emitter thereof is the emitter thereof, and the switching tube is a MOS tube (Metal Oxide Semiconductor), therefore, the collected three-phase output current of the IPM is accurate as much as possible, and the partial voltage and the interference caused by the impedance caused by the connection of the IPM and the IPM through the wiring are reduced. Therefore, the branch is formed at the sampling resistor R15, which can greatly reduce the dc bus loop under the condition of facilitating the PCB wiring, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the first dc bus positive wiring and the first dc bus negative wiring are respectively disposed on two sides of the PCB, and the projection in the thickness direction has an overlapping area, thus further reducing the area of the dc bus loop, and thus reducing the power supply wiring loop with the largest interference as much as possible. However, other power routing loops, such as a loop that supplies low-voltage dc power (+15V) to the first IPM module IPM1 and the second IPM module IPM2, may be relatively long, because the loop current is much smaller, even though the interference caused by the lengthened routing is much smaller than the lengthened dc bus loop.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a width of a negative electrode trace connecting an output power supply of the power circuit device and supplying power to the semiconductor circuit is smaller than that of the first bus trace, the negative electrode trace is far away from the first bus trace and the second bus trace, and the negative electrode trace is connected to the ground connection bonding area. As shown in fig. 4, the weak current power supply positive line L65 and the weak current power supply negative line L51 of the output of the first filter module 42 of the switching power supply output +15V are disposed away from the first bus line and the second bus line for most of their lengths, because the low-current power supply positive line L65 and the low-current power supply negative line L51 transmit low voltage, and the transmission current is small, the first bus earth wire and the second bus transmit high-voltage, and the current is relatively large, especially the overcurrent of the first bus earth wire is much larger, therefore, to avoid the first bus ground wire and the second bus ground wire from interfering with the low-current power supply negative wiring, the low-current power supply negative wiring L51 is disposed as far away from them as possible, in fig. 4, the weak current power supply positive line L65 and the weak current power supply negative line L51 are routed close to the edge of the PCB board, and thus are disposed as far away from the first bus ground line and the second bus ground line as possible. And the low current power supply negative trace L51 meets the first and second busbar ground lines at the aforementioned ground junction area. Thus, the interference caused by the direct current bus loop circuit on the bus is reduced as much as possible. The working reliability of the whole control circuit is increased.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A power circuit device comprises a PCB board, wherein a switch power circuit is arranged on the PCB board and comprises a switch module, a switch transformer, a rectifier module and a filter module, the switch module is connected with an input winding of the switch transformer, the rectifier module is connected with an output winding of the switch transformer, the filter module is connected with the rectifier module, the power circuit device is characterized in that the switch module is provided with a peak absorption circuit, the switch module is powered by a direct-current bus power supply, wiring connecting the anode of the direct-current bus power supply, the peak absorption circuit, the input winding of the switch transformer, the input pole of a switch tube of the switch module, the output pole of the switch tube of the switch module to the cathode of the direct-current bus power supply forms a bus current loop, the area of the bus current loop is 100-200 square millimeters, the width of the wire is 0.7 mm to 2.4 mm.

2. The power supply circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the spike absorption circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first resistor, and a first diode, wherein the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the positive pole of the DC bus power supply input end and the negative pole of the DC bus power supply input end, one end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the direct current bus power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the input electrode of the switching tube of the switching module, the second capacitor is connected with the first resistor in parallel, the wiring connecting one end of the first resistor, the first winding of the switch transformer, the anode of the first diode and the input pole of the switch tube of the switch module forms a peak absorption current loop, and the area of the peak absorption current loop is 20-60 square millimeters.

3. The power supply circuit device according to claim 1, wherein an output power supply positive line and an output power supply negative line between the power loads for connecting the filter module to power supply are arranged in parallel, and a distance between the output power supply positive line and the output power supply negative line is 0.254 mm to 0.35 mm.

4. The power supply circuit device according to claim 3, wherein the PCB is a double-sided board, the output power supply positive trace and the output power supply negative trace are respectively disposed on two sides of the PCB, and one end of the power supply negative trace is connected to the negative electrode of the filter module, and the other end of the power supply negative trace is connected to the ground terminal of the output winding of the switching transformer.

5. The power supply circuit device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the rectifying modules and the number of the filtering modules are plural, and a width of a power supply positive electrode wire and a power supply negative electrode wire respectively connecting the plurality of the rectifying modules and the plurality of the filtering modules is consistent with a magnitude of an overcurrent of the corresponding rectifying modules and the corresponding filtering modules.

6. The power circuit device of claim 3, wherein the rectifying module comprises a second diode connected in series with the positive trace of the output power source, the second diode being disposed near an output end of the second winding of the output of the switching transformer.

7. The power supply circuit device according to claim 6, wherein the filter module includes a third electrolytic capacitor, the third electrolytic capacitor is disposed close to the second diode, the third electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel between the output power supply positive trace and the output power supply negative trace, and the second diode and the third electrolytic capacitor are disposed according to the following rule: the direction of a connecting line connecting the two pins of the second diode is not parallel to the direction of a connecting line connecting the two pins of the third electrolytic capacitor.

8. The power supply circuit device according to claim 7, wherein a direction of a wiring connecting the two pins of the second diode is perpendicular to a direction of a wiring connecting the two pins of the third electrolytic capacitor.

9. A controller, the controller is provided with the power supply circuit device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by further being provided with an MCU control circuit and a motor drive module, the motor drive module comprises an integrated semiconductor circuit and a sampling resistor for sampling three-phase current output by the semiconductor circuit, wherein a first bus negative electrode for supplying power to the semiconductor circuit, a second bus negative electrode for supplying power to the switching power supply and a third bus negative electrode for connecting the MCU control circuit are connected in common to a ground junction area near the sampling resistor.

10. The controller according to claim 9, wherein a width of a negative trace connected to an output power supply of the power circuit device for supplying power to the semiconductor circuit is smaller than the first busbar ground line and the second busbar ground line, the negative trace is away from the first busbar ground line and the second busbar ground line, and the negative trace is connected to the ground junction region.

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