CN216146150U - Configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

A configurable remote minimum ecological flow monitoring device for a hydropower station, comprising: the system comprises an ecological flow remote monitoring host, a power supply and monitoring module, an external camera module and an external sensor module; the power supply and monitoring module, the external camera module and the external sensor module are respectively connected to the ecological flow remote monitoring host; ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises a main power supply module, a main MCU module, an interface bus module, an input/output module, a communication module, an Ethernet module and an analog quantity acquisition module; the main power supply module, the main MCU module, the input/output module, the communication module, the Ethernet module and the analog quantity acquisition module are connected with the power supply aspect through the interface bus module. The utility model can fully meet different application requirements of minimum ecological flow discharge monitoring of small and medium hydropower stations.

Description

Configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of monitoring devices, and particularly relates to a configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device which is suitable for an ecological flow online monitoring device arranged at a discharge outlet of a medium hydropower station or a downstream river section of a power station dam site.

Background

In recent years, the rapid development of hydropower in China greatly promotes the economic development of various places, and meanwhile, the ecological drainage flow of part of hydropower stations is seriously insufficient, so that the flow of part of river reach is seriously reduced, even the river channel is withered, and the normal ecological function of the river and the production and life of people are greatly influenced. In order to protect the ecological environment of rivers and promote sustainable scientific utilization of water resources, the 'notice about technical guidance of a small hydropower station ecological flow supervision platform' is issued by the water conservancy department in 2019, and the fact that each hydropower station needs to set a monitoring point on a water outlet or a river section at the downstream of a power station dam site and install an ecological flow online monitoring device is required.

At present, most power stations are provided with ecological flow online monitoring devices, and by looking at actual operation conditions of ecological flow systems of power stations operated in the years on site, the ecological flow systems of the existing operating power stations and most flow monitoring systems already applied in the market are subjected to follow-up analysis, which results in that the ecological flow devices in the market have the following defects:

1. the ecological flow device requires remote communication, ecological leakage flow picture storage or real-time video functions, so a camera and a communication DTU module are required to be installed; because the power consumption of the camera and the communication module is large, most ecological flow devices require mains supply, but most dam heads and forepools of medium and small hydropower stations do not have alternating current power supplies, and a long overhead power supply line is required for solving the problem of power supply; therefore, two outstanding problems occur, on one hand, the installation and construction cost is increased due to the pulling of the overhead line, and meanwhile, the pulling of part of nonstandard overhead lines can cause small hidden troubles to the safety production of a subsequent power station; in addition, the probability of equipment damage caused by lightning stroke is greatly increased due to a longer overhead line in a thunderstorm season;

2. the solar energy power supply scheme is also used by a small number of manufacturers, the power consumption problem of the monitoring device per se is the same, the power consumption management of the power supply of the device per se is not ideal, a solar panel with higher power and a lead-acid storage battery with high cost and large capacity need to be configured, two outstanding problems are caused, one is that the total cost of equipment is higher, the composition of the whole ecological flow detection system is complex, the solar panel and the storage battery need to be additionally installed, and the debugging and the installation are inconvenient; in addition, the problem of insufficient power supply in long-lasting rainy days is obvious, and the data communication is abnormal often caused by the insufficient power supply;

3. the human-computer interaction interface of most flow monitoring devices is relatively simple, and the human-computer operation interface is not friendly;

4. the types of ecological flow discharge applied on site are numerous, most flow monitoring devices need to use ecological flow devices of different types according to specific ecological flow discharge types, and even if the types of the ecological flow devices produced by the same manufacturer are numerous, the device is poor in universality and complicated to produce and install;

5. due to factors in aspects of cost, hardware design level and the like, the hardware design of most flow monitoring devices is simpler, the EMC performance and the lightning surge resistance performance are poorer, and the damage rate of the monitoring devices is higher in the thunderstorm season;

6. the integration level of part of the flow monitoring devices is not high, in order to reduce the equipment cost and accelerate the time to market of products, the ecological flow monitoring equipment is completely spliced by outsourced modules and parts, the reliability is extremely poor, and the later-stage device upgrading and improvement are not facilitated;

7. in some occasions (such as side weir discharge) for measuring ecological flow with low flow and high precision, the measurement precision of most flow monitoring devices is not high, and the actually measured flow data has larger error;

8. the application of the current ecological flow monitoring system has certain differences in communication protocols and function requirements of different provincial and environmental-friendly platforms and local platforms, only a small part of the current ecological flow monitoring devices have the automatic upgrading function of remote online programs, most of the ecological flow monitoring devices do not have the function, and the later maintenance and software upgrading cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a configurable minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device for a hydropower station, which is arranged at a discharge outlet of a reclaimed water power station or a downstream river section of a power station dam site to realize flow monitoring, can fully meet different application requirements of minimum ecological flow discharge monitoring of small and medium-sized hydropower stations through certain software and hardware related configuration according to the ecological flow monitoring types of an actual power station (the currently common ecological flow types comprise steel pipe discharge ecological flow, side weir discharge ecological flow, sluice way discharge ecological flow, water pumping discharge flow ecological flow and siphon discharge ecological flow), ecological flow channel conditions (the maximum 4 monitored channels can be provided with related channels to be opened or closed through software configuration).

The utility model is realized by the following steps:

a configurable remote minimum ecological flow monitoring device for a hydropower station, comprising: the system comprises an ecological flow remote monitoring host, a power supply and monitoring module, an external camera module and an external sensor module;

the power supply and monitoring module, the external camera module and the external sensor module are respectively connected to the ecological flow remote monitoring host;

ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises a main power supply module, a main MCU module, an interface bus module, an input/output module, a communication module, an Ethernet module and an analog quantity acquisition module; the main power supply module, the main MCU module, the input and output module, the communication module, the Ethernet module and the analog quantity acquisition module are all connected with the interfaces of the modules and the power supply aspect through the interface bus module.

Further, the power supply and monitoring module includes: the monitoring system comprises an alternating current power supply and monitoring module and a direct current power supply and monitoring module; and one module is selected according to the specific power supply state of the power station site, the alternating current power supply and monitoring module is used in the commercial power supply occasion, and the direct current power supply and monitoring module is used in the solar power supply occasion.

Further, the external sensor module refers to external sensors of five kinds of ecological flow devices, and includes: the device comprises a liquid level sensor, a flow sensor, an opening sensor and an electric energy meter (a unit active metering sensor); the interface of external sensor module includes: a serial communication interface and an analog quantity (4-20 mA) interface; the sensor of the serial communication interface is connected to the external interface of the communication module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host, and the external sensor of the analog quantity interface is connected to the analog quantity acquisition module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

Further, the external camera module includes: the ecological flow remote monitoring system comprises 1-2 paths of external cameras, and an ecological downward-leakage flow monitoring host machine which is used for realizing ecological downward-leakage flow monitoring of 1-2 channels by using an external camera of Haikangwei vision.

Furthermore, the external camera module is connected with the external cameras of 4 paths by expanding the Ethernet switch, so that ecological leakage flow monitoring of 4 channels is realized; the external camera module is connected to the Ethernet module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

Further, the main power module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises: the system comprises a primary large-current surge protection circuit, a secondary surge protection circuit, a low-frequency common-mode filter circuit, a 24V boosting DC/DC circuit, a tertiary surge protection circuit, a high-frequency common-mode filter circuit, a 3.3V main power supply DC/DC, a 5V other power supply DC/DC, a standby battery backup power circuit and a power module interface circuit;

the primary high-current surge protection circuit, the secondary surge protection circuit and the low-frequency common-mode filter circuit are sequentially connected; the low-frequency common mode filter circuit is respectively connected to the 24V boosting DC/DC circuit and the three-level surge protection circuit; the three-level surge protection circuit is connected to the high-frequency common-mode filter circuit, and the high-frequency common-mode filter circuit is respectively connected to the 3.3V main power supply DC/DC circuit and the 5V other power supply DC/DC circuit; the 5V other power supply DC/DC circuit is connected to the backup battery power supply circuit; the 24V boosting DC/DC circuit, the 3.3V main power supply DC/DC circuit, the 5V other power supply DC/DC circuit and the standby battery backup power circuit are all connected to the power module interface circuit.

Further, the main MCU module in the ecological traffic remote monitoring host includes: the device comprises a large-capacity SRAM circuit, a large-capacity FLASH circuit, a ferroelectric storage circuit, a 16-bit high-precision AD circuit, an RTC external circuit, a watchdog timing circuit, other EMC protection circuits, a large-screen liquid crystal and debugging interface circuit and an STM32F407 main MCU;

the large-capacity SRAM circuit, the large-capacity FLASH circuit, the ferroelectric storage circuit, the 16-bit high-precision AD circuit, the RTC external circuit, the watchdog timing circuit, other EMC protection circuits of the institute palm, the large-screen liquid crystal and the debugging interface circuit are all connected with the STM32F407 main MCU.

Furthermore, the interface bus module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises a main power supply interface circuit, a main MCU module interface circuit, an input/output interface circuit, a communication module interface circuit, an Ethernet module interface circuit and an analog quantity acquisition module interface circuit, and realizes communication connection, power supply connection and other interface connection among modules in the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

Furthermore, the open-in and open-out module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises a first surge protection circuit, a first open-in isolation circuit, a second surge protection circuit, a second open-in isolation circuit, a third surge protection circuit, a third open-in isolation circuit, a fourth surge protection circuit, a fourth open-in isolation circuit, a fifth surge protection circuit, a fifth open-in isolation circuit, a sixth surge protection circuit, a sixth open-in isolation circuit, an open-in and open-out power supply circuit, a first relay circuit, a first open-out isolation circuit, a second relay circuit, a second open-out isolation circuit, a third relay circuit, a third open-out isolation circuit, a fourth relay circuit, a fourth open-out isolation circuit and an open-in and open-out module interface circuit;

the first surge protection circuit, the second surge protection circuit, the third surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the fifth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fifth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fifth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the second surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the second surge protection circuit, the fourth surge; the first to fourth relay circuits are sequentially connected to the first to fourth outgoing isolation circuits and then connected to the incoming outgoing module interface circuit; the open-in open-out power supply circuit is respectively connected to the first to sixth open-in isolation circuits, the first to fourth open-out isolation circuits and the open-in open-out module interface circuit.

Further, the communication module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises a first serial port RS485 interface, a first multi-stage surge protection circuit, a first RS485 transceiver circuit, a first isolation communication circuit, a second serial port RS485 interface, a second multi-stage surge protection circuit, a second RS485 transceiver circuit, a second isolation communication circuit, an RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power circuit, a USB serial port debugging circuit, an SD card electrostatic protection circuit, an SD card driving circuit, a communication module interface circuit and a communication module interface circuit;

the first serial port RS485 interface, the first multi-stage surge protection circuit, the first RS485 transceiver circuit, the first isolation communication circuit and the communication module interface circuit are connected in sequence;

the second serial port RS485 interface, the second multi-stage surge protection circuit, the second RS485 transceiver circuit, the second isolation communication circuit and the communication module interface circuit are sequentially connected;

the RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power supply circuit is connected to the first isolation communication circuit and the second isolation communication circuit.

The SD card electrostatic protection circuit and the SD card driving circuit are sequentially connected;

the first isolation communication circuit, the second isolation communication circuit, the RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power supply circuit, the USB serial port debugging circuit and the SD card driving circuit are all connected to the communication module interface circuit;

further, the ethernet module in the ecological traffic remote monitoring host includes: the system comprises an Ethernet transceiving circuit, an Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, an Ethernet isolation power supply circuit, a DTU full-network communication module, a surge protection circuit, a WAN (wide area network) interface, a LAN (local area network) interface, an indicator light and working module switching and awakening circuit, an external supply surge protection circuit, two external supply 12V power supplies and an Ethernet module interface circuit;

the Ethernet isolation power supply circuit is connected to the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, the DTU full-network communication module and the Ethernet module interface circuit; the Ethernet transceiver circuit is connected to the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit; the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, the DTU full-network communication module, the indicator light and the working module switching and awakening circuit are connected to the Ethernet module interface circuit.

Further, the analog quantity collection module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition interface circuit, a first EMC filtering and anti-jamming circuit, a first isolation acquisition module, a first acquisition isolation switching circuit, a first analog quantity channel protection circuit, a fifth analog quantity channel protection circuit, a second EMC filtering and anti-jamming circuit, a second isolation acquisition module, a second acquisition isolation switching circuit, a second analog quantity channel protection circuit, a sixth analog quantity channel protection circuit, a third EMC filtering and anti-jamming circuit, a third isolation acquisition module, a third acquisition isolation switching circuit, a third analog quantity channel protection circuit and a fourth analog quantity channel 4 protection circuit;

the first EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the second EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit and the third EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit are connected to the analog quantity acquisition interface circuit;

the first EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the first isolation acquisition module and the first acquisition isolation switching circuit are connected in sequence and then are connected to the first analog quantity channel protection circuit and the fifth analog quantity channel protection circuit;

the second EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the second isolation acquisition module and the second acquisition isolation switching circuit are connected in sequence and then are connected to the second analog quantity channel protection circuit and the sixth analog quantity channel protection circuit;

and the third EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the third isolation acquisition module and the third acquisition isolation switching circuit are connected in sequence and then are connected to the third analog quantity channel protection circuit and the fourth analog quantity channel protection circuit.

Further, alternating current power supply and monitoring module includes: the system comprises an alternating current single-phase surge lightning protection module, an alternating current overcurrent air switch, a lightning protection isolation transformer, a switching power supply, an alternating current sampling isolation circuit, an alternating current filtering amplification circuit and a sampling filtering circuit;

the alternating-current single-phase surge lightning protection module, the alternating-current overcurrent air switch and the lightning protection isolation transformer are sequentially connected, and the lightning protection isolation transformer is respectively connected to the switching power supply and the alternating-current sampling isolation circuit;

the alternating current isolation acquisition circuit, the alternating current filtering amplification circuit and the sampling filter circuit are sequentially connected;

the sampling filter circuit outputs power supply acquisition information to the main power supply module; the switch power supply outputs direct current 12V to supply power for the main power supply module.

Further, the dc power supply and monitoring module includes: the solar energy collecting and converting circuit comprises a solar panel, a surge protection circuit, a lithium battery solar charging module, a lithium battery protection plate, a high-capacity lithium battery, an acquisition and conversion circuit, a linear isolation circuit and a filtering and anti-interference circuit;

the solar panel is connected to the surge protection circuit; the surge protection circuit is respectively connected to the lithium battery solar charging module and the acquisition and conversion circuit; the lithium battery solar charging module, the lithium battery protection board and the high-capacity lithium battery are sequentially connected;

the acquisition and conversion circuit, the linear isolation circuit and the filtering and anti-interference circuit are sequentially connected;

the signal of the filtering and anti-interference circuit is transmitted to a power supply acquisition output and is connected to the main power supply module; the lithium battery solar charging module is connected to the main power supply module and outputs 12V voltage to supply power to the main power supply.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the device has the advantages that the universality of hardware interface devices is rich, a user can configure a sensor interface into an analog quantity interface mode or an RS485 interface mode through a software configuration mode, and various ecological flow discharge monitoring can be realized only through the software configuration mode in different flow types;

2. the system has multiple channels and powerful multifunctional flow monitoring function, a single device can be accessed to flow monitoring of four independent channels at most, and four cameras can be correspondingly accessed to carry out real-time flow monitoring;

3. the device has two different power supply modes, namely a solar power supply mode and an alternating current commercial power supply mode, and can be applied to a wider range according to the actual power supply situation on site;

4. the system has a strong low-power-consumption management mechanism, and the mains supply mode works in a normal working mode without power consumption management; the solar power supply mode works in a power-saving working mode, automatic power consumption management is realized by the device in the power-saving working mode, and the working standby time of the equipment in continuous rainy days is greatly prolonged;

5. the power supply mode of the lithium ion battery with the capacity increased by the solar panel is adopted, and the built-in and perfect lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit is assembled in the same case, so that the lithium ion battery charging and discharging management circuit has the advantages of small volume and simplicity in installation and maintenance;

6. the device has flexible communication network configuration, can be configured into a wireless network communication mode or a wired communication mode, can use the wired network communication mode according to the network condition on site, if network signals exist, a mobile phone network can adopt a 4G full network communication mode, and places without wired access and mobile phone signals can adopt a Beidou short message communication mode;

7. the device is a more friendly, concise, humanized and convenient human-computer operation interface, is directly integrated with an LCD large screen for touch, is commonly operated and uses convenient keys, and can conveniently carry out parameter configuration and parameter check;

8. the remote online program is automatically upgraded, different communication protocol requirements of various communication platforms of different provinces can be met through online software upgrading, and convenience of later software upgrading is improved;

9. better hardware reliability, adopt the design of fully compatible EMC hardware can the biggest improvement equipment job stabilization nature, the part that needs the external interface all designs simultaneously has lightning protection surge protection, and the influence of furthest reduction surge overvoltage to device normal work.

Drawings

The utility model will be further described with reference to the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a schematic diagram of an ecological traffic remote monitoring host module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a main power module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a main MCU module of the ecological traffic remote monitoring host of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an ecological traffic remote monitoring host interface bus module of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an ecological traffic remote monitoring host open-in and open-out module of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the communication module of the ecological traffic remote monitoring host of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an Ethernet module of the remote monitoring host for ecological traffic according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an analog acquisition module of the main unit of the ecological traffic remote monitoring host of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of the AC power supply and monitoring module of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of the DC power supply and monitoring module of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a block diagram of the network structure of the ecological flow system formed by the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device mainly comprises an ecological flow remote monitoring host, a power supply and monitoring module, an external sensor module, and optionally 1-2 external cameras (by extending an ethernet switch ecological flow host, at most 4 external cameras can be supported for input); wherein the power supply and monitoring module, the external sensor module and the selectable 1-2 paths of external cameras are all connected to the ecological flow remote monitoring host. The system comprises 1-2 channels of external cameras, a Haokangwei vision external camera and an ecological flow remote monitoring host, wherein the 2 channels of external cameras can be accessed at most under the condition that an Ethernet switch is not expanded, so that ecological leakage flow monitoring of two channels is realized; by expanding the Ethernet switch, 4 paths of external cameras can be accessed at most, and ecological leakage flow monitoring of 4 channels is realized; the number of the channels connected with the cameras can be configured through software under the condition of hydropower station field flow monitoring.

As shown in fig. 2, the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises: the system comprises a main power supply module, a main MCU module, an interface bus module, an input/output module, a communication module, an Ethernet module and an analog quantity acquisition module; the main power supply module, the main MCU module, the input/output module, the communication module, the Ethernet module and the analog quantity acquisition module are all connected in the aspect of interface and power supply through the interface bus module.

The power supply and monitoring module is divided into an alternating current power supply and monitoring module and a direct current power supply and monitoring module; one of the two modules needs to be selected according to the specific power supply state of a power station site, the alternating current power supply and monitoring module is used in a commercial power supply occasion, and the direct current power supply and monitoring module is used in a solar power supply occasion.

The external sensor module refers to external sensors of five ecological flow devices, and comprises a liquid level sensor, a flow sensor, an opening sensor and an electric energy meter (a unit active metering sensor); the sensor interface modes can be divided into a serial communication interface and an analog quantity 4-20 mA interface. The type and the number of modules of the external sensor are configured through software according to the specific ecological flow type and the number of used channels of the hydropower station; the sensor of the serial communication interface is connected to an external interface of a communication module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host, and the external sensor in an analog quantity interface mode is connected to an analog quantity acquisition module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

As shown in fig. 3, the main power module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises: the device comprises a primary large-current surge protection circuit, a secondary surge protection circuit, a low-frequency common-mode filter circuit, a boosting DC/DC (24V) circuit, a tertiary surge protection circuit, a high-frequency common-mode filter circuit, a main power supply DC/DC (3.3V), other power supply DC/DC (5V), a backup power circuit of a backup battery and a power module interface circuit; the primary high-current surge protection circuit, the secondary surge protection circuit and the low-frequency common-mode filter circuit are sequentially connected; the output of the low-frequency common mode filter circuit is respectively connected to a boosting DC/DC (24V) circuit and a three-level surge protection circuit; the three-level surge protection circuit is connected to a high-frequency common-mode filter circuit, and the high-frequency common-mode filter circuit is respectively connected to a main power supply DC/DC (3.3V) circuit and other power supply DC/DC (5V) circuits; other power supply DC/DC (5V) circuits are connected to a power supply circuit behind the backup battery; the boost DC/DC (24V) circuit, the main power supply DC/DC (3.3V) circuit, other power supply DC/DC (5V) circuits and the standby battery backup power circuit are all connected to the power module interface circuit.

As shown in fig. 4, the main MCU module in the ecological traffic remote monitoring host includes: the device comprises a large-capacity SRAM circuit, a large-capacity FLASH circuit, a ferroelectric storage circuit, a 16-bit high-precision AD circuit, an RTC external circuit, a watchdog timing circuit, other EMC protection circuits, a large-screen liquid crystal and debugging interface circuit, an STM32F407 main MCU and other interface circuits; the large-capacity SRAM circuit, the large-capacity FLASH circuit, the ferroelectric storage circuit, the 16-bit high-precision AD circuit, the RTC external circuit, the watchdog timing circuit, other EMC protection circuits, the large-screen liquid crystal and debugging interface circuit and other interface circuits are all connected with the STM32F407 main MCU.

As shown in fig. 5, the interface bus module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host includes: the ecological flow remote monitoring system comprises a main power supply interface circuit, a main MCU module interface circuit, an input/output interface circuit, a communication module interface circuit, an Ethernet module interface circuit and an analog quantity acquisition module interface circuit, and is mainly used for realizing communication connection, power supply connection and other interface connection among modules in the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

As shown in fig. 6, the open/close module in the ecological traffic remote monitoring host includes: the device comprises a surge protection circuit 1, an open-in isolation circuit 1, a surge protection circuit 2, an open-in isolation circuit 2, a surge protection circuit 3, an open-in isolation circuit 3, a surge protection circuit 4, an open-in isolation circuit 4, a surge protection circuit 5, an open-in isolation circuit 5, a surge protection circuit 6, an open-in isolation circuit 6, an open-in and open-out power supply circuit, a relay circuit 1, an open-out isolation circuit 1, a relay circuit 2, an open-out isolation circuit 2, a relay circuit 3, an open-out isolation circuit 3, a relay circuit 4, an open-out isolation circuit 4 and an open-in and open-out module interface circuit; the surge protection circuits 1 to 6 are sequentially connected to the corresponding open-in and open-out isolation circuits 1 to 6 and then connected to the open-in and open-out module interface circuit; the relay circuits 1-4 are sequentially connected to the open-out isolating circuits 1-4 and then are linked to the open-in open-out module interface circuit; the open-in and open-out power supply circuit is connected to the open-in isolation circuits 1-6, the open-out isolation circuits 1-4 and the open-in and open-out module interface circuit respectively.

As shown in fig. 7, the communication module in the ecological traffic remote monitoring host includes: the device comprises a serial port 1RS485 interface, a multi-stage surge protection circuit 1, an RS485 receiving and transmitting circuit 1, an isolation communication circuit 1, a serial port 2RS485 interface, a multi-stage surge protection circuit 2, an RS485 receiving and transmitting circuit 2, an isolation communication circuit 2, an RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power supply circuit, a USB serial port debugging circuit, an SD card electrostatic protection circuit, an SD card driving circuit and a communication module interface circuit. The serial port 1RS485 interface, the multi-stage surge protection circuit 1, the RS485 transceiver circuit 1, the isolation communication circuit 1 and the communication module interface circuit are connected in sequence; similarly, a serial port 2RS485 interface, a multi-stage surge protection circuit 2, an RS485 transceiver circuit 2, an isolation communication circuit 2 and a communication module interface circuit are connected in sequence; the RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power supply circuit is connected to the isolation communication circuit 1 and the isolation communication circuit 2.

As shown in fig. 8, the ethernet module in the ecological traffic remote monitoring host includes: the system comprises an Ethernet transceiving circuit, an Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, an Ethernet isolation power supply circuit, a DTU full-network communication module, a surge protection circuit, a WAN (wide area network) interface, a LAN (local area network) interface, an indicator light and working module switching and awakening circuit, an external supply surge protection circuit, two external supply 12V power supplies and an Ethernet module interface circuit; the Ethernet isolation power supply circuit is connected to the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, the DTU full-network communication module and the Ethernet module interface circuit; the Ethernet transceiver circuit is connected to the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit; the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, the DTU full-network communication module, the indicator light and the working module switching and awakening circuit are connected to the Ethernet module interface circuit, and the outside of the DTU full-network communication module is connected to the main MCU module through the interface bus module.

As shown in fig. 9, the analog quantity acquisition module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host includes: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition interface circuit, an EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit 1, an isolation acquisition module 1, an acquisition isolation switching circuit 1, an analog quantity channel 1 protection circuit, an analog quantity channel 5 protection circuit, an EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit 2, an isolation acquisition module 2, an acquisition isolation switching circuit 2, an analog quantity channel 2 protection circuit, an analog quantity channel 6 protection circuit, an EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit 3, an isolation acquisition module 3, an acquisition isolation switching circuit 3, an analog quantity channel 3 protection circuit and an analog quantity channel 4 protection circuit; the EMC filtering and anti-interference circuits 1-3 are connected to the analog quantity acquisition interface circuit; the EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit 1, the isolation acquisition module 1 and the acquisition isolation switching circuit 1 are connected in sequence and then are connected to the analog quantity channel 1 protection circuit and the analog quantity channel 5 protection circuit; similarly, the EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit 2, the isolation acquisition module 2 and the acquisition isolation switching circuit 2 are connected in sequence and then are connected to the analog quantity channel 2 protection circuit and the analog quantity channel 6 protection circuit; similarly, the EMC filter and anti-interference circuit 3, the isolation acquisition module 3, and the acquisition isolation switching circuit 3 are connected in sequence and then connected to the analog channel 3 protection circuit and the analog channel 4 protection circuit.

As shown in fig. 10, the ac power supply and monitoring module includes: the system comprises an alternating current single-phase surge lightning protection module, an alternating current overcurrent air switch, a lightning protection isolation transformer, a switching power supply, an alternating current sampling isolation circuit, an alternating current filtering amplification circuit and a sampling filtering circuit; the alternating-current single-phase surge lightning protection module, the alternating-current overcurrent air switch and the lightning protection isolation transformer are sequentially connected, and the lightning protection isolation transformer is respectively connected to the switching power supply and the alternating-current sampling isolation circuit; the alternating current sampling isolation circuit, the alternating current filtering amplification circuit and the sampling filter circuit are sequentially connected; the sampling filter circuit outputs power supply acquisition information to the main power supply module; the switch power supply outputs direct current 12V main power supply. The alternating-current single-phase surge lightning protection module adopts LKX-M220/2/40 of Ractosatellite.

As shown in fig. 11, the dc power supply and monitoring module includes: the solar energy collecting and converting circuit comprises a solar panel, a surge protection circuit, a lithium battery solar charging module, a lithium battery protection plate, a high-capacity lithium battery, an acquisition and conversion circuit, a linear isolation circuit and a filtering and anti-interference circuit; the solar panel is connected to the surge protection circuit; the surge protection circuit is respectively connected to the lithium battery solar charging module and the acquisition and conversion circuit; the lithium battery solar charging module, the lithium battery protection board and the high-capacity lithium battery are sequentially connected; the acquisition and conversion circuit, the linear isolation circuit and the filtering and anti-interference circuit are sequentially connected; the signal of the filtering and anti-interference circuit is transmitted to the power supply acquisition output and is connected to the main power supply module; the lithium battery solar charging module signals to a 12V main power supply and is connected to the main power supply module.

It should be noted that, in all configuration modes, the ecological flow remote monitoring host is taken as a whole, all internal modules do not need to be replaced, and the configuration and replacement are all peripheral module parts. The ecological flow remote monitoring host only needs to perform related software configuration through a large-screen touch screen, and the specific software configuration is as follows:

1. if the power is supplied by commercial power, the equipment is directly set to be in a normal working mode without setting a low power consumption mode, and the timing acquisition time is set to be 5 minutes;

2. if the solar power supply mode is adopted, a low power consumption mode needs to be set to be started, the timing acquisition time is set to be 5 minutes, and the timing picture storage time is set to be 15 minutes;

3. setting ecological flow discharge type and camera enabling of each channel, configuring relevant accessed sensor information, and if the sensor is an analog quantity type sensor, setting an accessed channel number and a sensor type; if the sensor is in a serial port communication mode, an accessed serial port number and a sensor type need to be configured;

4. configuring related network types, configuring a wired access mode into wired access, configuring a full network access mode into full network access, and configuring a Beidou short message communication mode into a short message Beidou mode;

5. if high-precision ecological flow measurement is needed, the zero position of a relevant sensor needs to be configured;

6. checking related sensor information after configuration, and checking the correctness of related flow data;

7. and setting the network IP address, the port number and the network communication password of each platform, and checking the relevant information with the platform after the completion of the configuration work.

Because the interface that alternating current power supply and monitoring module and direct current power supply and monitoring module are the same, all insert the external interface of the main power module of ecological flow remote monitoring host computer, so only need change power supply and monitoring module:

if commercial power is supplied on site, a commercial power supply mode is preferably adopted, and the commercial power supply adopts an alternating current power supply and monitoring module, referring to fig. 1 and 10;

no commercial power supply is provided on site or the commercial power supply stay wire is long, a solar power supply mode is suggested, and the solar power supply adopts the direct-current power supply and monitoring module, referring to fig. 1 and 11;

the communication mode can be configured into three modes of wired network access, full network communication and Beidou short message communication;

if wired network access is available or wired access can be switched to through the optical modem, a wired communication mode is preferably adopted, and wired access is performed to an Ethernet module WAN port of the ecological traffic remote monitoring host, please refer to FIG. 8;

if there is no mobile wireless network data signal in the wired access site, it is considered that a mobile wireless network communication mode is adopted, and the user needs to select an operator network with better signal to insert the relevant SIM into the DTU full network communication module, and needs to connect an external antenna at the same time, please refer to fig. 8;

on the spot, if no wireless access exists and the mobile wireless network is very weak or has no signal, a Beidou short message communication mode can be considered, an external Beidou short message module adopts an RS485 communication mode, and referring to fig. 7, the external Beidou short message module is accessed into a serial port 1RS485 interface.

Regarding the description of the number of the channels for monitoring traffic, in the case that the ecological traffic remote monitoring host does not extend the ethernet switch, the external camera is accessed through a WAN port or a LAN port, and the number of the channels of the external camera is defined as follows:

under the wired network access, the WAN port is occupied, so that only a camera of a single channel can be accessed, which can refer to fig. 7;

under the condition of the whole network communication wireless communication, the WAN port and the LAN port are not occupied, and both the WAN port and the LAN port can be accessed to a camera with a double-channel camera, which can refer to fig. 7;

under the condition of communication by adopting the Beidou module, the WAN port and the LAN port can be connected with cameras with double channels, and reference can be made to the figure 7;

in the case of extending the ethernet switch, the maximum support of 4-way cameras can be achieved by extending the ecological traffic remote monitoring host through the ethernet switch, and reference may be made to fig. 7 and fig. 1.

According to the above configuration, the commonly used configuration schemes currently implemented are:

the mains supply is in wired access, and the single-channel camera has the minimum ecological flow;

the mains supply is connected in a wired mode, and the four-channel camera is minimum in ecological flow;

the commercial power supply is full-network communication, and the double-channel camera has the minimum ecological flow;

the commercial power supply is full-network communication, and the four-channel camera has the minimum ecological flow;

commercial power supply short message Beidou communication and double-channel minimum ecological flow configuration;

commercial power supply short message Beidou communication and four-channel minimum ecological flow configuration;

the solar power supply is in wired access, and the single-channel minimum ecological flow is configured;

the solar power supply is in full network communication, and double-channel minimum ecological flow configuration is adopted;

solar power supply short message Beidou communication and double-channel minimum ecological flow configuration.

Solar power is not recommended to use minimum ecological flow configurations of more than two channels due to battery capacity and power consumption.

As shown in fig. 12, it is shown in a block diagram of an ecological traffic system network structure formed by the present invention, and the specific working process is as follows: ecological flow data are uploaded to a provincial centralized control platform, a hundred million Chinese source centralized control platform, a local environment-friendly platform and other standby platforms (FMD-1A/B can support data of at most four platforms to be uploaded simultaneously) through a 4G full-network communication, a Beidou satellite and a wired network, and customers can also access information such as ecological flow real-time data, ecological video with data superposition, ecological historical drainage data, ecological historical flow pictures and ecological flow statistical data through APP in a mains supply mode. Under the low-power-consumption mode of solar energy power supply, a user can obtain ecological flow real-time data, ecological historical drainage data, ecological historical flow pictures and ecological flow statistical data through the APP.

The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A configurable remote minimum ecological flow monitoring device for a hydropower station, comprising: the system comprises an ecological flow remote monitoring host, a power supply and monitoring module, an external camera module and an external sensor module;

the power supply and monitoring module, the external camera module and the external sensor module are respectively connected to the ecological flow remote monitoring host;

ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises a main power supply module, a main MCU module, an interface bus module, an input/output module, a communication module, an Ethernet module and an analog quantity acquisition module; the main power supply module, the main MCU module, the input and output module, the communication module, the Ethernet module and the analog quantity acquisition module are connected in the aspects of interface and power supply through the interface bus module.

2. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply and monitoring module comprises: the monitoring system comprises an alternating current power supply and monitoring module and a direct current power supply and monitoring module; and one module is selected according to the specific power supply state of the power station site, the alternating current power supply and monitoring module is used in the commercial power supply occasion, and the direct current power supply and monitoring module is used in the solar power supply occasion.

3. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external sensor module refers to five kinds of external sensors of the ecological flow device, and comprises: the device comprises a liquid level sensor, a flow sensor, an opening sensor and an electric energy meter; the interface of external sensor module includes: a serial communication interface and an analog quantity 4-20 mA interface; the sensor of the serial communication interface is connected to the external interface of the communication module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host, and the external sensor of the analog quantity interface is connected to the analog quantity acquisition module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

4. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external camera module includes: the ecological flow remote monitoring system comprises 1-2 paths of external cameras, and an ecological downward-leakage flow monitoring host machine which is used for realizing ecological downward-leakage flow monitoring of 1-2 channels by using an external camera of Haikangwei vision.

5. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the external camera module is connected with the external cameras of 4 paths by expanding the Ethernet switch, so that ecological drainage flow monitoring of 4 channels is realized; the external camera module is connected to the Ethernet module of the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

6. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: main power module in ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises a primary large-current surge protection circuit, a secondary surge protection circuit, a low-frequency common-mode filter circuit, a 24V boosting DC/DC circuit, a tertiary surge protection circuit, a high-frequency common-mode filter circuit, a 3.3V main power supply DC/DC, a 5V other power supply DC/DC, a standby battery backup power circuit and a power module interface circuit;

the primary high-current surge protection circuit, the secondary surge protection circuit and the low-frequency common-mode filter circuit are sequentially connected; the low-frequency common mode filter circuit is respectively connected to the 24V boosting DC/DC circuit and the three-level surge protection circuit; the three-level surge protection circuit is connected to the high-frequency common-mode filter circuit, and the high-frequency common-mode filter circuit is respectively connected to the 3.3V main power supply DC/DC circuit and the 5V power supply DC/DC circuit; the 5V power supply DC/DC circuit is connected to the backup battery power supply circuit; the 24V boosting DC/DC circuit, the 3.3V main power supply DC/DC circuit, the 5V power supply DC/DC circuit and the standby battery backup power circuit are all connected to the power module interface circuit.

7. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the main MCU module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the device comprises a large-capacity SRAM circuit, a large-capacity FLASH circuit, a ferroelectric storage circuit, a 16-bit high-precision AD circuit, an RTC external circuit, a watchdog timing circuit, other EMC protection circuits, a large-screen liquid crystal and debugging interface circuit and an STM32F407 main MCU;

the large-capacity SRAM circuit, the large-capacity FLASH circuit, the ferroelectric storage circuit, the 16-bit high-precision AD circuit, the RTC external circuit, the watchdog timing circuit, other EMC protection circuits of the institute palm, the large-screen liquid crystal and the debugging interface circuit are all connected with the STM32F407 main MCU.

8. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the interface bus module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises a main power supply interface circuit, a main MCU module interface circuit, an input/output interface circuit, a communication module interface circuit, an Ethernet module interface circuit and an analog quantity acquisition module interface circuit, and realizes communication connection, power supply connection and interface connection among modules in the ecological flow remote monitoring host.

9. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the open-in and open-out module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host comprises a first surge protection circuit, a first open-in isolation circuit, a second surge protection circuit, a second open-in isolation circuit, a third surge protection circuit, a third open-in isolation circuit, a fourth surge protection circuit, a fourth open-in isolation circuit, a fifth surge protection circuit, a fifth open-in isolation circuit, a sixth surge protection circuit, a sixth open-in isolation circuit, an open-in and open-out power supply circuit, a first relay circuit, a first open-out isolation circuit, a second relay circuit, a second open-out isolation circuit, a third relay circuit, a third open-out isolation circuit, a fourth relay circuit, a fourth open-out isolation circuit and an open-in and open-out module interface circuit;

the first surge protection circuit, the second surge protection circuit, the third surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the fifth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fifth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth surge protection circuit, the sixth surge protection circuit, the fourth; the first to fourth relay circuits are sequentially connected to the first to fourth outgoing isolation circuits and then connected to the incoming outgoing module interface circuit; the open-in open-out power supply circuit is respectively connected to the first to sixth open-in isolation circuits, the first to fourth open-out isolation circuits and the open-in open-out module interface circuit.

10. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: communication module in the ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises a first serial port RS485 interface, a first multi-stage surge protection circuit, a first RS485 transceiver circuit, a first isolation communication circuit, a second serial port RS485 interface, a second multi-stage surge protection circuit, a second RS485 transceiver circuit, a second isolation communication circuit, an RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power circuit, a USB serial port debugging circuit, an SD card electrostatic protection circuit, an SD card driving circuit, a communication module interface circuit and a communication module interface circuit;

the first serial port RS485 interface, the first multi-stage surge protection circuit, the first RS485 transceiver circuit, the first isolation communication circuit and the communication module interface circuit are connected in sequence;

the second serial port RS485 interface, the second multi-stage surge protection circuit, the second RS485 transceiver circuit, the second isolation communication circuit and the communication module interface circuit are sequentially connected;

the RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power supply circuit is connected to the first isolation communication circuit and the second isolation communication circuit;

the SD card electrostatic protection circuit and the SD card driving circuit are sequentially connected;

the first isolation communication circuit, the second isolation communication circuit, the RS485 isolation DC/DC independent power supply circuit, the USB serial port debugging circuit and the SD card driving circuit are all connected to the communication module interface circuit.

11. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ethernet module in ecological traffic remote monitoring host computer includes: the system comprises an Ethernet transceiving circuit, an Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, an Ethernet isolation power supply circuit, a DTU full-network communication module, a surge protection circuit, a WAN (wide area network) interface, a LAN (local area network) interface, an indicator light and working module switching and awakening circuit, an external supply surge protection circuit, two external supply 12V power supplies and an Ethernet module interface circuit;

the Ethernet isolation power supply circuit is connected to the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, the DTU full-network communication module and the Ethernet module interface circuit; the Ethernet transceiver circuit is connected to the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit; the Ethernet isolation and surge processing circuit, the DTU full-network communication module, the indicator light and the working module switching and awakening circuit are connected to the Ethernet module interface circuit.

12. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: analog quantity acquisition module in ecological flow remote monitoring host computer includes: the device comprises an analog quantity acquisition interface circuit, a first EMC filtering and anti-jamming circuit, a first isolation acquisition module, a first acquisition isolation switching circuit, a first analog quantity channel protection circuit, a fifth analog quantity channel protection circuit, a second EMC filtering and anti-jamming circuit, a second isolation acquisition module, a second acquisition isolation switching circuit, a second analog quantity channel protection circuit, a sixth analog quantity channel protection circuit, a third EMC filtering and anti-jamming circuit, a third isolation acquisition module, a third acquisition isolation switching circuit, a third analog quantity channel protection circuit and a fourth analog quantity channel 4 protection circuit;

the first EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the second EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit and the third EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit are connected to the analog quantity acquisition interface circuit;

the first EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the first isolation acquisition module and the first acquisition isolation switching circuit are connected in sequence and then are connected to the first analog quantity channel protection circuit and the fifth analog quantity channel protection circuit;

the second EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the second isolation acquisition module and the second acquisition isolation switching circuit are connected in sequence and then are connected to the second analog quantity channel protection circuit and the sixth analog quantity channel protection circuit;

and the third EMC filtering and anti-interference circuit, the third isolation acquisition module and the third acquisition isolation switching circuit are connected in sequence and then are connected to the third analog quantity channel protection circuit and the fourth analog quantity channel protection circuit.

13. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

alternating current power supply and monitoring module includes: the system comprises an alternating current single-phase surge lightning protection module, an alternating current overcurrent air switch, a lightning protection isolation transformer, a switching power supply, an alternating current sampling isolation circuit, an alternating current filtering amplification circuit and a sampling filtering circuit;

the alternating-current single-phase surge lightning protection module, the alternating-current overcurrent air switch and the lightning protection isolation transformer are sequentially connected, and the lightning protection isolation transformer is respectively connected to the switching power supply and the alternating-current sampling isolation circuit;

the alternating current isolation acquisition circuit, the alternating current filtering amplification circuit and the sampling filter circuit are sequentially connected;

the sampling filter circuit is connected to the main power supply module; the switch power supply is connected with the main power supply module.

14. A configurable hydropower station minimum ecological flow remote monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that:

DC power supply and monitoring module includes: the solar energy collecting and converting circuit comprises a solar panel, a surge protection circuit, a lithium battery solar charging module, a lithium battery protection plate, a high-capacity lithium battery, an acquisition and conversion circuit, a linear isolation circuit and a filtering and anti-interference circuit;

the solar panel is connected to the surge protection circuit; the surge protection circuit is respectively connected to the lithium battery solar charging module and the acquisition and conversion circuit; the lithium battery solar charging module, the lithium battery protection board and the high-capacity lithium battery are sequentially connected;

the acquisition and conversion circuit, the linear isolation circuit and the filtering and anti-interference circuit are sequentially connected;

the signal of the filtering and anti-interference circuit is transmitted to a power supply acquisition output and is connected to the main power supply module; the lithium battery solar charging module is connected to the main power supply module and outputs 12V voltage to supply power to the main power supply.

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