CN216110897U - Tappet and engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engines and discloses a tappet and an engine. The tappet comprises a tappet body, a guide part and a roller, wherein a tappet hole is formed in the engine body, the tappet body is arranged in the tappet hole in a sliding manner, and a guide groove extending along the axis direction of the tappet hole is formed in the hole wall of the tappet hole; the guide piece is arranged on the side wall of the tappet body and is in sliding fit with the guide groove; the roller is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the tappet body. The tappet is characterized in that a guide groove is formed in the hole wall of the tappet hole, a guide piece which can be in sliding fit with the guide groove is arranged on the tappet body, a guide effect can be provided for the tappet body to slide in the tappet hole, the guide groove can play a limiting role on the guide piece, the tappet body can only move along the extending direction of the guide groove, the tappet hole is prevented from rotating relative to the tappet body, the roller and the cam shaft are guaranteed to be always in a rolling contact state, and abnormal abrasion between the roller and the cam shaft is avoided.

Description

Tappet and engine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a tappet and an engine.

Background

One of the key mechanisms of the engine is a valve actuating mechanism, according to the ignition sequence and the working process of the engine, the thrust of a camshaft is transmitted to a push rod or a valve rod through a tappet, and an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve are opened and closed at regular time so as to supply combustible mixed gas to an air cylinder and discharge waste gas in time, thereby meeting the air inlet and exhaust requirements of the engine.

During operation, the tappet needs to bear the lateral force applied when the camshaft rotates so as to move repeatedly in the tappet hole along the axial direction of the tappet. The roller type tappet is a special tappet, a roller is rotatably arranged at the bottom of a tappet body, and the roller is in rolling contact with a cam shaft and used for reducing the lateral force to the tappet caused by contact friction. In addition, roller lifters, if rotated relative to the axis of the lifter bore, can result in abnormal wear between the roller of the lifter and the camshaft.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide a tappet and an engine to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Based on the above, the utility model aims to provide a tappet and an engine, which can prevent the tappet from rotating relative to the axis of a tappet hole and avoid the condition of abnormal abrasion between the tappet and a camshaft.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a tappet, comprising:

the engine comprises a tappet body, wherein a tappet hole is formed in the engine body, the tappet body is arranged in the tappet hole in a sliding manner, and a guide groove extending along the axis direction of the tappet hole is formed in the hole wall of the tappet hole;

the guide piece is arranged on the side wall of the tappet body and is in sliding fit with the guide groove;

and the roller is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the tappet body.

As a preferable scheme of the tappet, an oil passing hole penetrating along the axis direction of the tappet body is further formed in the tappet body, one end of the oil passing hole is communicated with a lubricating oil hole of the engine body, and the other end of the oil passing hole is opposite to the roller.

As a preferable scheme of the tappet, the number of the oil passing holes is multiple, and the oil passing holes are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tappet body.

As a preferable scheme of the tappet, the guide piece comprises a guide portion and a clamping portion which are connected, the guide portion is in sliding fit in the guide groove, an insertion hole is formed in the side wall of the tappet body, and the clamping portion is inserted in the insertion hole.

As a preferable scheme of the tappet, the cross section of the clamping part is in a semicircular structure.

As a preferred scheme of the tappet, the tappet further comprises a fixed pin, a fixed hole is formed in the tappet body, two ends of the fixed pin penetrate through the fixed hole, and the roller is rotatably arranged on the fixed pin.

As a preferable scheme of the tappet, the fixing pin is in interference fit with the fixing hole.

As a preferable scheme of the tappet, the interference fit amount between the fixing pin and the fixing hole is 0.002 mm-0.005 mm.

As a preferred option for the tappet, the outer circumference of the roller is coated with a wear-reducing coating.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an engine including a tappet according to any one of the above aspects.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the utility model provides a tappet, which is characterized in that a guide groove is formed in the hole wall of a tappet hole, a guide piece capable of being in sliding fit with the guide groove is arranged on a tappet body, so that a guide effect can be provided for the sliding of the tappet body in the tappet hole, and the guide groove can limit the guide piece, so that the tappet body can only move along the extension direction of the guide groove, and the rotation of the tappet body relative to the tappet hole is avoided, thereby ensuring that a roller and a cam shaft are always in rolling contact, and avoiding the abnormal abrasion between the roller and the cam shaft.

The utility model further provides an engine, and the service life of the engine can be prolonged and the reliability of the engine in the working process can be ensured by applying the tappet.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tappet provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, in a single perspective;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tappet provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of a tappet provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a tappet body; 11-a plug hole; 12-oil passing holes; 13-a fixation hole;

2-a guide; 21-a guide; 22-a clamping part;

3, rolling wheels; 4-fixed pin.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting of the utility model. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an engine, which includes an engine body and a tappet, where the tappet includes a tappet body 1 and a roller 3, a tappet hole is provided on the engine body, the tappet body 1 is slidably disposed in the tappet hole, and the roller 3 is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the tappet body 1 and can be in rolling fit with an outer wall of a camshaft, so as to reduce friction between the tappet and the camshaft. Specifically, when the engine works, the crankshaft drives the camshaft to rotate through the transmission mechanism, thrust is applied to the tappet along with the rotation of the camshaft, and the tappet performs linear reciprocating motion and pushes the valve rod to open and close the valve so as to complete the air intake and exhaust processes of the cylinder. However, in the linear reciprocating motion process of the tappet, the tappet body 1 rotates due to the lateral pushing of the camshaft, and abnormal abrasion occurs between the roller 3 and the camshaft.

In order to solve the above problem, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the tappet provided in this embodiment further includes a guide member 2, a guide groove extending along an axial direction of the tappet hole is provided on a hole wall of the tappet hole, and the guide member 2 is disposed on a side wall of the tappet body 1 and is in sliding fit with the guide groove. Through set up the guide way on the pore wall in tappet hole, set up on tappet body 1 can with guide way sliding fit's guide 2, can provide the guide effect for the slip of tappet body 1 in the tappet hole, and the guide way can play the limiting displacement to guide 2, so that the extending direction motion of guide way can only be followed to tappet body 1, avoid its relative tappet hole to take place to rotate and cause 3 motion jamming of gyro wheel, thereby guarantee that 3 and camshaft of gyro wheel are in rolling contact's state all the time, avoid the condition that unusual wearing and tearing appear between the two. In the present embodiment, the guide 2 is disposed at a 57 ° angle on the side surface of the tappet body 1, which is the fitting angle of the tappet with the engine body. In other embodiments, the installation angle of the guide 2 on the tappet body 1 may be adjusted according to actual requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In the embodiment, the camshaft of the engine adopts a middle design, so that the slotting height of the guide groove on the engine body can be reduced, and the processing difficulty of the guide groove is reduced; in addition, through experimental verification, the machining tolerance zone of the guide groove is controlled to be 0-0.08 mm, so that the matching requirement between the guide groove and the guide piece 2 can be met, and the machining difficulty is further reduced. The height of the tappet body 1 can be adjusted according to the arrangement height of the middle camshaft on the engine body, so that the mounting requirements of different engines with middle camshafts can be met.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the tappet body 1 is further provided with an oil passing hole 12 penetrating along the axis direction thereof, one end of the oil passing hole 12 is communicated with a lubricating oil hole of the engine body, and the other end of the oil passing hole 12 is opposite to the roller 3. Through set up oil through hole 12 on tappet body 1, lubricating oil can flow to the surface of gyro wheel 3 through the lubricating oil hole of engine body and oil through hole 12 in proper order, forms the lubricating oil film on the surface of gyro wheel 3 to play lubricated effect to the contact surface between gyro wheel 3 and the camshaft, guarantee rolling smooth and easy nature between the two. In the embodiment, the aperture of the oil passing hole 12 is 3mm, the middle design of the camshaft of the engine is beneficial to designing the main oil duct of the engine to vertically penetrate through the mounting hole of the tappet body 1, so that sufficient main oil duct lubricating oil can flow into the oil passing hole 12, the lubricating oil can be uniformly distributed on the roller 3, a layer of lubricating oil film can be formed on the surface of the roller 3 all the time, the lubricating oil film on the roller 3 can avoid dry friction between the roller 3 and the camshaft, and the abrasion between the roller 3 and the camshaft is greatly reduced; and the lubricating oil film on the periphery of the roller 3 can also reduce the abrasion of the periphery of the roller 3 and the pitting corrosion formed by high stress contact.

Optionally, the number of the oil passing holes 12 is multiple, and the multiple oil passing holes 12 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tappet body 1. Through setting up a plurality of oilholes 12, can guarantee can fully lubricate between gyro wheel 3 and the camshaft, further reduce wearing and tearing between the two. In this embodiment, the quantity of passing oil hole 12 is two, and two are passed the axis direction symmetry settings of the relative tappet body 1 of oil hole 12, when guaranteeing can fully lubricate between gyro wheel 3 and the camshaft, can also avoid because the too much waste that causes of the lubricating oil volume through passing oil hole 12, reduce the use cost of this engine. Of course, the number of the oil passing holes 12 can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and this embodiment does not limit this.

Optionally, the outer circumference of the roller 3 is coated with a wear-reducing coating to reduce the friction force when the roller 3 and the camshaft roll relatively, and ensure the smoothness of the relative rolling between the two. In the embodiment, the antifriction coating is made of DLC material, so that the antifriction effect is better, and the manufacturing cost is lower. Alternatively, in this embodiment, the wear-reducing coating has a small thickness, which is only on the spurious level, but a high hardness and a low roughness, which is 2000HV, a roughness of 1.5,

of course, in other embodiments, any material may be used as long as it can realize the friction reducing coating that reduces the friction force when the roller 3 and the camshaft roll against each other.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the guide member 2 includes a guide portion 21 and a clamping portion 22 connected to each other, the guide portion 21 is slidably fitted in the guide groove, the sidewall of the tappet body 1 is provided with an insertion hole 11, and the clamping portion 22 is inserted into the insertion hole 11. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the clip portion 22 is a semicircular structure, the cross-sectional shape of the insertion hole 11 is a rectangular structure, and the large end of the clip portion 22 is connected with the guide portion 21. By adopting the arrangement mode, the guide piece 2 and the tappet body 1 can be conveniently inserted, namely, the small end of the clamping part 22 can be easily inserted into the insertion hole 11.

Optionally, guide part 21 and joint portion 22 are the integrated into one piece structure, make things convenient for the manufacturing, save the link that guide part 21 and joint portion 22 assembled, machining efficiency is higher, and can improve the intensity of guide 2, avoids guide part 21 and joint portion 22's junction fracture.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the tappet further includes a fixing pin 4, a fixing hole 13 is formed in the tappet body 1, two ends of the fixing pin 4 are all inserted into the fixing hole 13, and the roller 3 is rotatably disposed on the fixing pin 4. Through setting up fixed pin 4, can guarantee the relative tappet body 1 pivoted smoothness nature of gyro wheel 3.

Optionally, the fixing pin 4 is in interference fit with the fixing hole 13 to ensure the stability of the connection between the fixing pin 4 and the tappet body 1. In the present embodiment, the interference fit amount between the fixing pin 4 and the fixing hole 13 is 0.002mm to 0.005mm, preferably 0.003 mm. Because when the engine is in operation, the camshaft can push and extrude the roller 3, the roller 3 can apply the acting force on the fixing pin 4 to cause the fixing pin 4 to deform, and if the deformation of the fixing pin 4 is large, the roller 3 can be blocked relative to the rotation of the fixing pin 4. Adopt less interference fit volume between fixed pin 4 and fixed orifices 13, can avoid fixed pin 4 to arouse the gyro wheel 3 rotation failure because great deflection, and then produce sliding friction between gyro wheel 3 that leads to and the camshaft to reduce gyro wheel 3's friction loss.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the tappet body 1 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and the fixing pin 4 is located inside the hollow structure of the tappet body 1. By adopting the arrangement, on one hand, the weight of the whole tappet can be reduced, the production cost is reduced, on the other hand, the occupied space of the whole tappet can also be reduced, and the tappet and the engine body can be conveniently assembled.

When the engine body and the tappet are installed, the camshaft is installed on the engine body, the guide piece 2 is just opposite to the guide groove on the engine body after the roller 3 is soaked in oil, then the tappet can be conveniently installed in a tappet hole of the engine body by adopting tappet assembling pliers, and the installation is convenient, rapid and efficient.

The tappet that this embodiment provided, simple structure, manufacturing cost is lower, and simple to operate. When the engine works, the crankshaft drives the camshaft to rotate through the transmission mechanism, thrust is applied to the tappet along with the rotation of the camshaft, and the tappet carries out linear reciprocating motion and pushes the valve rod for opening and closing the valve so as to complete the air inlet and exhaust processes of the cylinder. Through the matching between the guide piece 2 and the guide groove on the engine body, the tappet body 1 can only move up and down along the driving direction of the camshaft and can not rotate relative to the engine body, so that the roller 3 and the camshaft are always in a rolling friction contact state, and the sliding friction between the roller 3 and the camshaft is avoided; in the process of linear reciprocating motion of the tappet, lubricating oil can flow to the surface of the roller 3 along the oil passing hole 12 to form a lubricating oil film on the surface of the roller 3, so that the roller 3 is fully lubricated, and the smoothness of relative rolling between the roller 3 and a camshaft is ensured; by coating the outer surface of the roller 3 with a wear-reducing coating, the effectiveness of the lubricating oil film and the reliability of the contact friction between the roller 3 and the camshaft are further ensured.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A tappet characterized by comprising:

the engine tappet comprises a tappet body (1), wherein a tappet hole is formed in the engine body, the tappet body (1) is arranged in the tappet hole in a sliding manner, and a guide groove extending along the axis direction of the tappet hole is formed in the hole wall of the tappet hole;

the guide piece (2) is arranged on the side wall of the tappet body (1) and is in sliding fit with the guide groove;

and the roller (3) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the tappet body (1).

2. The tappet according to claim 1, wherein the tappet body (1) is further provided with an oil passing hole (12) penetrating along the axial direction of the tappet body, one end of the oil passing hole (12) is communicated with a lubricating oil hole of the engine body, and the other end of the oil passing hole (12) is opposite to the roller (3).

3. The tappet according to claim 2, wherein the number of the oil passing holes (12) is plural, and the oil passing holes (12) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tappet body (1).

4. The tappet according to claim 1, wherein the guide member (2) comprises a guide portion (21) and a clamping portion (22) which are connected, the guide portion (21) is slidably fitted in the guide groove, an insertion hole (11) is formed in the side wall of the tappet body (1), and the clamping portion (22) is inserted in the insertion hole (11).

5. The tappet according to claim 4, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the catching portion (22) is a semicircular structure.

6. The tappet according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing pin (4), wherein a fixing hole (13) is formed in the tappet body (1), both ends of the fixing pin (4) are inserted into the fixing hole (13), and the roller (3) is rotatably disposed on the fixing pin (4).

7. The tappet according to claim 6, characterised in that the fixing pin (4) has an interference fit with the fixing hole (13).

8. The tappet according to claim 7, wherein the interference fit between the fixing pin (4) and the fixing hole (13) is 0.002mm to 0.005 mm.

9. Tappet according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the outer circumference of the roller (3) is coated with a wear-reducing coating.

10. An engine comprising a tappet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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