CN216060922U - First-aid long bone fracture traction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a first-aid long bone fracture traction device, which comprises a fixing mechanism for tightening the near end of a long bone, a traction mechanism for tightening the far end of the long bone and a guide frame, wherein the guide frame consists of two guide rods arranged in parallel; the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing cross rod fixedly connected with the two guide rods of the guide frame; the traction mechanism comprises a traction cross rod movably matched with the two guide rods of the guide frame; the middle part of the fixed cross rod is provided with a first bearing component with an arc-shaped groove structure, and the middle part of the traction cross rod is provided with a second bearing component with an arc-shaped groove structure and arranged coaxially with the first bearing component; the traction mechanism is locked and positioned on the guide frame through the ratchet in the process of being far away from the fixing mechanism, and the traction mechanism is unlocked and displaced on the guide frame in the process of being close to the fixing mechanism.

Description

First-aid long bone fracture traction device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a first-aid long bone fracture traction device.

Background

Fractures of the femur, tibia, humerus, and other long tubular fractures of the extremities are common injuries. In the pre-hospital emergency treatment and emergency outpatient medical treatment processes, fracture traction needs to be carried out on a long bone fracture patient at the first time, and partial fracture traction needs to be reset. The limb long tubular bone fracture reduction and fixation device can effectively reduce and fix the pain of a patient in time on an emergency treatment site, is convenient to transport, contributes to stabilizing the state of the patient, and provides a foundation for later deterministic treatment.

At present, a method for traction reduction mainly by using a manipulation in clinical work has three problems, firstly, the traditional method is that medical staff performs traction reduction by the manipulation under the condition of not using external instruments, and the physical requirements of the medical staff are higher by adopting the method; secondly, the traditional method needs two persons to operate simultaneously, and if the hands of medical staff are insufficient, effective treatment is difficult to be carried out; thirdly, even secondary harm may be caused to the patient if the operation is not proper; fourthly, since the conventional fracture reduction fixation needs at least two-person operation, the operation of fracture reduction fixation is difficult to be carried out in a limited space; in order to avoid the failure of fracture reduction, the patient needs to be rescued from the limited space before the operation of fracture reduction and fixation can be carried out. Therefore, the conventional fracture reduction fixing mode has great limitation in the application range, and the fracture reduction fixing of the patient cannot be performed at the first time.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the first-aid long bone fracture traction device which is simple in structure, convenient, labor-saving, wide in application range and operated by a single person is provided.

The technical purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

a first-aid long bone fracture traction device comprises a fixing mechanism for tightening the near end of a long bone, a traction mechanism for tightening the far end of the long bone and a guide frame, wherein the guide frame consists of two guide rods arranged in parallel;

the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing cross rod fixedly connected with the two guide rods of the guide frame; the traction mechanism comprises a traction cross rod movably matched with the two guide rods of the guide frame;

the middle part of the fixed cross rod is provided with an arc-shaped groove structure and a first bearing component for bearing the proximal end of the long bone, and the middle part of the traction cross rod is provided with an arc-shaped groove structure and a second bearing component for bearing the distal end of the long bone and coaxially arranged with the first bearing component;

the traction mechanism is locked and positioned on the guide frame through the ratchet in the process of being away from the fixing mechanism, and the traction mechanism is unlocked and displaced on the guide frame in the process of being close to the fixing mechanism.

The fixing mechanism further comprises a first adjustable tightening belt arranged on the fixing cross rod and used for tightening the proximal end of the long bone.

The first tightening belt is of a flexible plate belt structure with a lock catch, the first tightening belt is connected to the fixed cross rod through a first connecting belt and a first fixing ring, and the first connecting belt is of a flexible structure.

The traction mechanism further comprises an adjustable lacing belt II which is arranged on the traction cross rod and is used for lacing the far end of the long bone, and the two ends of the traction cross rod are respectively in movable fit with the corresponding guide rods through pawls.

The second tightening belt is a flexible plate belt structure with a lock catch, the second tightening belt is connected to the traction cross rod through a second connecting belt and a second fixing ring, and the second connecting belt is of a flexible structure.

Ratchet structures are arranged on the top side/bottom side surfaces of the guide rods, and the ratchet structures on the two guide rods are consistent and are molded in the same direction; the two ends of the traction cross rod are provided with through holes capable of movably penetrating corresponding guide rods, the traction cross rod is provided with a pawl which can extend into each through hole and is matched with the ratchet structure on the corresponding guide rod through a compression spring, and the pawl is connected with a pull rod capable of extending out of the traction cross rod.

And the inclined surface of the pawl is provided with a roller.

The first bearing part and the second bearing part are of cylindrical structures.

And handles with knurled structures are arranged at two ends of the fixed cross rod and the traction cross rod.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the traction mechanism is provided with the pawl component, and can finish traction and fixation by a single person through the matching use of the pawl component and the ratchet structure and the fixing mechanism of the guide frame; the device mainly comprises a rod-shaped structure, so that the limitation requirement of a space range is reduced in use, the device can be suitable for most environments, and the operation can be conveniently carried out in a limited space; meanwhile, the arc-shaped groove structure can enable the long bone near end and the long bone far end to be quickly positioned on the fixed cross rod and the traction cross rod, and meanwhile, the long bone near end and the long bone far end can be prevented from moving laterally in the traction process. The novel multifunctional electric heating cooker is simple in structure, convenient to use, wide in application range, capable of effectively reducing the use cost and saving manpower.

2. The fixing cross rod and the traction cross rod are provided with the first tightening piece and the second tightening piece which are used for fixing the near end and the far end of the long bone, and the tightening mode is adopted, so that the operation is simple, the use is convenient, and the use efficiency is high.

3. Handles are arranged at two ends of the fixed cross rod and the traction cross rod, and knurling structures are arranged on the surfaces of the handles. The handle with the knurling structure can increase friction force when being held by a hand, prevent sliding when being used and is more stable when being used.

4. The binding piece is connected with the fixing ring through the connecting band, and the binding piece is simple and light in structure, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to use. The connecting band is a flexible material, such as a carbon fiber structure.

5. The pawl of the pawl component is matched with the ratchet on the guide rod, can be automatically locked in the traction process and can be adjusted through the pull rod, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the automatic locking by single traction can be realized, the use efficiency is effectively improved, and the labor is saved.

6. The lower end inclined plane of the pawl is provided with a roller for reducing friction. The friction between the pawl and the ratchet can be reduced in the traction process by arranging the roller, and the technical effect of saving labor is achieved.

7. The tightening piece is a flexible plate belt structure with a lock catch. The flexible plate belt structure is buckled into a ring to cover the far end and the near end of the fracture and is locked by a lock catch. The flexible plate belt structure is suitable for patients with different sizes, and the size of the flexible plate belt structure can be adjusted according to the thickness of limbs. Meanwhile, the flexible plate belt is simple in structure and convenient to use, and when the flexible plate belt is used, the periphery of the flexible plate belt structure can be wrapped by flexible materials.

8 the first bearing part adopts a cylindrical structure, so that the near end and the far end of the long bone can be quickly positioned on the fixed cross rod and the traction cross rod, and meanwhile, the limbs can be prevented from moving laterally and separating from the bearing part in the traction process, and the traction stability is effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the traction cross bar of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pawl member;

figure 4 is another configuration of the first support member of figure 1;

FIG. 5 is another alternative construction of the first support member of FIG. 1;

reference numerals: 1-a guide frame; 101-a guide rod; 102-a ratchet; 2-a fixing mechanism; 201-fixed cross bar; 202-fastener one; 203-fixing a ring I; 204-connecting the belt one; 205 — handle one; 206-support member one; 3-a traction mechanism; 301-a traction rail; 302-fastener two; 303-fixing the ring two; 304-connecting the belt II; 305-handle two; 306-a second support member; 4-a pawl member; 401 — pawl housing; 402-a pull rod; 403-pawl; 404 — a hold down spring; 405-a roller; 406 — perforation.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1

As shown in figures 1-4, the utility model relates to a long bone fracture traction device for emergency treatment, which comprises a fixing mechanism 2 for fixing the near end of a long bone, a traction mechanism 3 for fixing the far end of the long bone and a guide frame 1. The proximal end of the long bone is the end close to the body of the patient, and the distal end of the long bone is the end far away from the body of the patient.

Specifically, the guide frame 1 is composed of two guide rods 101 arranged in parallel, and the fixing mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to one end portions of the two guide rods 101 of the guide frame 1.

The fixing mechanism 2 comprises a fixing cross rod 201 fixedly connected with the two guide rods 101 of the guide frame 1; the traction mechanism 3 comprises a traction cross rod 301 which is movably matched with the two guide rods 101 of the guide frame 1; the middle part of the fixed cross rod 201 is provided with an arc-shaped groove structure and a first bearing part 206 for bearing the proximal end of the long bone, and the middle part of the traction cross rod 301 is provided with a second bearing part 306 for the arc-shaped groove structure and bearing the distal end of the long bone and having the same axis with the first bearing part 206. In practice, the first support member 206 and the second support member 306 are of the same construction; the body is made of alloy materials, and in the later use process, the flexible materials can be arranged on the surface of the body, so that the skin of a patient can be prevented from being damaged in the use process.

The traction mechanism 3 is movably assembled on two guide rods 101 of the guide frame 1 in a linear ratchet matching structure, the ratchet 102 on the guide frame 1 is locked and positioned in the process that the traction mechanism 3 is far away from the fixing mechanism 2, and the traction mechanism 3 is unlocked and displaced on the guide frame 1 in the process that the traction mechanism 3 is close to the fixing mechanism 2.

In actual use, the fractured long bone of the patient is fixed by the fixing mechanism 2 and the traction mechanism 3, the traction mechanism 3 is moved in the traction direction along the guide bar 101 by traction, and when the traction is completed, the traction mechanism 3 is locked on the guide bar 101 by the pawl 403 of the pawl member 4 and the ratchet 102. And finally, after the patient is determined to be pulled to be separated from a serious malformation state, the patient can be fixed by means of braces such as bandaging, splints and the like. The utility model mainly comprises a rod-shaped structure, reduces the limitation requirement of the space range in use, can be conveniently operated in the limited space, and effectively improves the use range. The utility model adopts the arc-shaped groove structure, so that the proximal end and the distal end of the long bone can be quickly positioned on the fixed cross rod and the traction cross rod, and the proximal end and the distal end of the long bone can be prevented from moving laterally in the traction process; the traction device is simple in structure, convenient to use, wide in application range and capable of completing traction and fixation by a single person, the use cost is effectively reduced, and manpower is saved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixing mechanism 2 further includes a first tightening member 202 disposed on the fixing cross bar 201 for tightening the proximal end of the long bone, and the first tightening member 202 is an adjustable structure.

The traction mechanism 3 further comprises a second tightening belt 302 arranged on the traction cross rod 301 and used for tightening the far end of the long bone, and two ends of the traction cross rod 301 are respectively movably matched with the corresponding guide rods 101 through pawls 403. Second lacing member 302 is an adjustable structure. Adopt fixed horizontal pole 201 and pull horizontal pole 301, low in manufacturing cost, intensity is high, can accomplish fast through adjustable tightening piece one 202 and adjustable tightening piece two 302 and tighten fixedly to the long bone, its easy operation, convenient to use, availability factor height.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixed crossbar 201 has a first handle 205 with a knurled structure at both ends, and the traction crossbar 301 has a second handle 305 with a knurled structure at both ends. The handle through setting up the annular knurl structure can increase the frictional force when holding, prevents to slide when using, and is more stable during the use, and the effectual secondary damage that causes the patient that prevents. When in actual use, the patient can lie down, and after the long bone with the fracture of the patient is fixed, the patient can be operated by two persons or one person; during single operation, medical staff foot tramples on the handle one 205 of fixed horizontal pole 201, and the handle is held and is drawn two 305 of horizontal pole 301 to the hand, then draws the extension, can single completion draw, and the mode of similar pedal crossbow needs medical staff to lie down with foot and both hands cooperation, pulling drive mechanism.

As shown in fig. 1, first and second fastening members 202 and 302 are flexible strips with a lock. For example, a belt and the like are buckled into a ring through the belt, and the far end and the near end of the fracture are covered and locked through a lock catch. The flexible plate belt structure is suitable for patients with different sizes, and the size of the flexible plate belt structure can be adjusted according to the thickness of limbs. Meanwhile, the flexible plate belt is simple in structure and convenient to use, and when the flexible plate belt is used, the periphery of the flexible plate belt structure can be wrapped by flexible materials.

The first lacing member 202 is connected to the first fixing cross bar 201 through the first connecting band 204 and the first fixing ring 203, and the second lacing member 302 is connected to the second traction cross bar 301 through the second connecting band 304 and the second fixing ring 303. The first connecting band 204 and the second connecting band 304 are flexible structures, such as carbon fiber structures, belts, etc. Through connecting band and solid fixed ring fixed connection, its simple structure is light, low in manufacturing cost, convenient to use.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the top/bottom surfaces of the guide rods 101 are provided with ratchet teeth 102, and the ratchet teeth 102 on the two guide rods 101 are formed in the same structure and in the same direction; the two ends of the traction cross bar 3 are provided with through holes 406 capable of movably penetrating and installing the corresponding guide rods 101, a pawl 403 which can extend into each through hole 406 and is matched with the ratchet 102 structure on the corresponding guide rod 101 is assembled on the traction cross bar 3 through a compression spring 404, and a pull rod 402 which can extend out of the traction cross bar 3 is connected on the pawl 403.

Specifically, the traction cross bar 301 is provided with two pawl components 4, each pawl component 4 comprises a pawl housing 401 with an inner cavity, a pawl 403 which is matched with the ratchet 102 and has a wedge-shaped lower end is slidably sleeved in the pawl housing 401, the lower end of a pull rod 402 penetrates through a round hole in the upper end face of the pawl housing 401 and is connected to the upper end of the pawl 403, and a compression spring 404 is sleeved on the pull rod 402 between the upper end face of the pawl 403 and the inner upper end face of the pawl housing 401. In actual use, the pawl 403 of the pawl component 4 is matched with the ratchet 102 on the guide rod 101, so that the automatic locking can be realized in the traction process; the pawl 403 can be loosened/locked on the ratchet 102 through the pull rod 402, so that the tightness between the traction mechanism 3 and the fixing mechanism 2 can be adjusted, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the automatic locking by single person traction can be realized, the use efficiency is effectively improved, and the labor is saved.

As shown in fig. 3, the lower end slope of the pawl 403 is provided with a roller 405 for reducing friction. The friction between the pawl 403 and the ratchet 102 during the traction process can be reduced by arranging the roller 405, so that the technical effect of saving labor is achieved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the other contents of the present embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that: the first supporting part 206 is a cylinder structure; in practice, the second support member 306 and the first support member 206 are generally the same in structure, and may be a combination of a circular arc groove structure and a cylindrical structure.

In the embodiment, the cylinder structure adopts a hoop structure; it includes two upper and lower semicircles, and one end is through articulated connection, and the other end is bolted connection or buckle connection. The upper half part of the cylinder mainly plays a role in auxiliary fixation under the condition of not influencing the arrangement of limbs, the cylinder structure is adopted to enable the near end and the far end of the long bone to be quickly positioned on the fixing cross rod and the traction cross rod, and the limbs can be prevented from moving laterally and separating from the bearing part in the traction process; the traction stability is effectively improved.

The technical solutions of the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and not for limiting the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme can be modified, or part of technical characteristics can be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a first aid is with long bone fracture draw gear which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixing mechanism for tightening the near end of a long bone, a traction mechanism for tightening the far end of the long bone and a guide frame, wherein the guide frame consists of two guide rods which are arranged in parallel;

the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing cross rod fixedly connected with the two guide rods of the guide frame; the traction mechanism comprises a traction cross rod movably matched with the two guide rods of the guide frame;

the middle part of the fixed cross rod is provided with an arc-shaped groove structure and a first bearing component for bearing the proximal end of the long bone, and the middle part of the traction cross rod is provided with an arc-shaped groove structure and a second bearing component for bearing the distal end of the long bone and coaxially arranged with the first bearing component;

the traction mechanism is locked and positioned on the guide frame through the ratchet in the process of being away from the fixing mechanism, and the traction mechanism is unlocked and displaced on the guide frame in the process of being close to the fixing mechanism.

2. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing mechanism further comprises a first adjustable tightening belt arranged on the fixing cross rod and used for tightening the proximal end of the long bone.

3. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first tightening belt is of a flexible plate belt structure with a lock catch, the first tightening belt is connected to the fixed cross rod through a first connecting belt and a first fixing ring, and the first connecting belt is of a flexible structure.

4. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the traction mechanism further comprises an adjustable lacing belt II which is arranged on the traction cross rod and is used for lacing the far end of the long bone, and the two ends of the traction cross rod are respectively in movable fit with the corresponding guide rods through pawls.

5. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the second tightening belt is a flexible plate belt structure with a lock catch, the second tightening belt is connected to the traction cross rod through a second connecting belt and a second fixing ring, and the second connecting belt is of a flexible structure.

6. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: ratchet structures are arranged on the top side/bottom side surfaces of the guide rods, and the ratchet structures on the two guide rods are consistent and are molded in the same direction; the two ends of the traction cross rod are provided with through holes capable of movably penetrating corresponding guide rods, the traction cross rod is provided with a pawl which can extend into each through hole and is matched with the ratchet structure on the corresponding guide rod through a compression spring, and the pawl is connected with a pull rod capable of extending out of the traction cross rod.

7. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: and the inclined surface of the pawl is provided with a roller.

8. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first bearing part and the second bearing part are of cylindrical structures.

9. The first-aid long bone fracture traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and handles with knurled structures are arranged at two ends of the fixed cross rod and the traction cross rod.

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