CN216057604U - PCB, trapped wave module, lightning protection circuit and wave filter - Google Patents
PCB, trapped wave module, lightning protection circuit and wave filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN216057604U CN216057604U CN202121188218.6U CN202121188218U CN216057604U CN 216057604 U CN216057604 U CN 216057604U CN 202121188218 U CN202121188218 U CN 202121188218U CN 216057604 U CN216057604 U CN 216057604U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a PCB (printed circuit board), a trap module, a lightning protection circuit and a filter, wherein the PCB comprises a top signal layer, a first middle signal layer, a second middle signal layer and a bottom signal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, and a middle medium layer is arranged between the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer; the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer are coated with copper, and the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer are in communication connection through signal holes. The middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer form a polar capacitor structure for receiving power supply signals and filtering radio frequency signals in the power supply signals, so that the function of the metal wave trap is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a PCB (printed circuit board), a trap module, a lightning protection circuit and a filter.
Background
In order to protect the back-end circuit of the mobile communication base station system from being damaged by lightning strike, strong static electricity and other transient high-voltage signals, the lightning protection circuit becomes an indispensable component in the mobile communication base station system. The lightning protection circuit is used for preventing lightning and filtering communication signals by using the cavity filter, so that the problem of interference among wireless communication systems with different frequency bands and different forms is solved. In practical applications, in order to suppress the radio frequency signal to the maximum extent, a first-order wave trap is usually added to the cavity filter. Through setting up one-level trapper, restrain radio frequency signal for wave filter interordination and passband are more stable.
However, in a cavity filter with a small size, due to the space limitation problem, an ideal trap cannot be added, and the intermodulation and the passband of the filter are affected.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that an ideal wave trap cannot be added due to limited space in the prior art, thereby providing a PCB, a wave trap module, a lightning protection circuit and a filter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a PCB, where the PCB includes a top signal layer, a first intermediate signal layer, a second intermediate signal layer, and a bottom signal layer, which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, and an intermediate dielectric layer is disposed between the second intermediate signal layer and the bottom signal layer; the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer are coated with copper, and the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer are in communication connection through signal holes.
Optionally, the thickness of the middle dielectric layer ranges from 8 mils to 20 mils.
Optionally, the PCB board further comprises: the ground holes penetrate through the top signal layer, the first intermediate signal layer, the second intermediate signal layer, the intermediate dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer; the plurality of screw holes penetrate through the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer and are used for fixing the PCB.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a notch module, including the PCB and the notch module described in the first aspect of the present invention, where the notch module further includes an inductor, and the inductor is mounted on a top signal layer of the PCB.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lightning protection circuit, where the lightning protection circuit includes a primary lightning protection module connected to a device to be protected, the primary lightning protection module is configured to absorb a lightning strike signal of a power supply of the device to be protected, the lightning protection circuit further includes a notch module according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, an input end of the notch module is connected to an antenna interface, and an output end of the notch module is connected to an input end of the primary lightning protection module.
Optionally, the lightning protection circuit further includes a secondary lightning protection module, an input end of the secondary lightning protection module is connected to an output end of the primary lightning protection module, and an output end of the secondary lightning protection module is connected to the device to be protected, and is configured to receive a residual lightning strike signal input by the primary lightning protection module and release the residual lightning strike signal.
Optionally, the secondary lightning protection module includes a forward lightning protection unit configured to release a forward residual lightning strike signal, and the forward lightning protection unit includes a first diode, a second diode, and a first capacitor, where a cathode of the first diode is connected to a cathode of the second diode and one end of the first capacitor, respectively; the anode of the second diode is grounded; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
Optionally, the secondary lightning protection module further includes a reverse lightning protection unit configured to release a reverse remaining lightning strike signal, wherein one end of the reverse lightning protection unit is connected to one end of the forward lightning protection unit, and the other end of the reverse lightning protection unit is grounded.
Optionally, the primary lightning protection module includes: the first end of the filtering unit is connected with one end of the discharge tube, the second end of the filtering unit is connected with the secondary lightning protection module, and the third end of the filtering unit is grounded; the other end of the discharge tube is grounded.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a filter, where the filter includes the lightning protection circuit according to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, and the lightning protection circuit is fixed on an inner surface of the filter through a PCB bottom signal layer.
The technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages:
the PCB comprises a top signal layer, a first middle signal layer, a second middle signal layer and a bottom signal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein a middle medium layer is arranged between the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer; the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer are coated with copper, and the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer are in communication connection through signal holes. The middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer form a polar capacitor structure for receiving power supply signals and filtering radio frequency signals in the power supply signals, so that the function of the metal wave trap is realized.
The trap module provided by the utility model comprises a PCB and a trap module. The function of the metal wave trap is realized through the PCB technology, the original metal wave trap in the filter can be removed, the space of the filter is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the problem that an ideal wave trap cannot be added due to the problem of limited space is solved. And a trap module is utilized to further enhance the radio frequency suppression effect.
The lightning protection circuit provided by the utility model comprises a trap wave module and a primary lightning protection module, wherein the input end of the trap wave module is connected with an antenna interface, and the output end of the trap wave module is connected with the input end of the primary lightning protection module and is used for receiving a power supply signal, filtering a radio frequency signal in the power supply signal and transmitting the filtered power supply signal to the primary lightning protection module. The primary lightning protection module is connected with the equipment to be protected and used for receiving the power supply signals input by the trap module and releasing lightning strike signals in the power supply signals. By arranging the trap module in the lightning protection circuit, radio frequency signals in the power supply signals are filtered, and the quality of the power supply signals is improved.
The filter provided by the utility model comprises the lightning protection circuit, the lightning protection circuit comprises the PCB, the function of the metal wave trap is realized through the PCB process, the original metal wave trap in the filter can be removed, the space of the filter is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the problem that an ideal wave trap cannot be added due to the problem of limited space is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laminated structure of a PCB board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a single layer diagram of a top signal layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a single layer diagram of a first intermediate signal layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a single layer diagram of a second intermediate signal layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a single layer diagram of a bottom signal layer in an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a lightning protection circuit in an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 7 is another functional block diagram of a lightning protection circuit in an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a secondary lightning protection module according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary lightning protection module according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a PCB board in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a PCB which is applied to a radio frequency signal suppression scene. As shown in fig. 1, the PCB includes a top signal layer L1, a first intermediate signal layer L2, a second intermediate signal layer L3, and a bottom signal layer L4 stacked in sequence from top to bottom. An intermediate dielectric layer L5 is disposed between the second intermediate signal layer L3 and the bottom signal layer L4. The second intermediate signal layer L3 and the bottom signal layer L4 are both copper-clad, and are used to form a polar capacitor structure, which is used to receive the power supply signal and filter the rf signal in the power supply signal. The top signal layer L1, the first intermediate signal layer L2, the second intermediate signal layer L3, the intermediate dielectric layer L5 and the bottom signal layer L4 are communicatively connected through signal vias.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a single-layer display diagram of a top signal layer L1 of a PCB is shown, wherein a ground copper line and a signal line are laid on the top signal layer L1, and 11 is a signal line laying area, and a ground copper line is laid on a portion outside the signal line laying area 11. In the embodiment of the present invention, the signal line laying area 11 includes a signal hole 111, which is used as an output pad of the inductor coil of the main rod of the filter by penetrating through the top signal layer L1, the first intermediate signal layer L2, the second intermediate signal layer L3, the intermediate dielectric layer L5 and the bottom signal layer L4, so as to implement communication connection between the layers. A plurality of ground holes are distributed in the ground copper wire laying area, and the common ground connection of all layers of the PCB is realized by penetrating through the top signal layer L1, the first middle signal layer L2, the second middle signal layer L3, the middle dielectric layer L5 and the bottom signal layer L4. In the embodiment of the present invention, a screw hole is respectively disposed at each of four corners of the top signal layer L1, and the screw holes penetrate through the top signal layer L1, the first intermediate signal layer L2, the second intermediate signal layer L3, the intermediate dielectric layer L5 and the bottom signal layer L4, so as to fix the PCB. The positions and the number of the screw holes can be set according to actual needs, and in the present embodiment, only one screw hole is provided at each of the four corners as an example, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, a single layer representation of the first intermediate signal layer L2 is shown in FIG. 3. the first intermediate signal layer L2 may be copper clad as desired.
In one embodiment, a single layer representation of the second intermediate signal layer L3 is shown in FIG. 4, where 31 is a copper metallization region and the copper layer is connected to a signal via extending through the second intermediate signal layer L3. It should be noted that the second intermediate signal layer L3 needs to avoid the ground hole during copper plating to prevent short circuit of signal. In practical applications, the area of the copper-clad region 31 and the shape of the copper-clad region can be adjusted as required, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the description is given by taking the shape of the copper-clad region as a circle, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, the single layer of the bottom signal layer L4 is shown in fig. 5, the bottom signal layer L4 is a copper clad layer, wherein the white region 41 is a copper clad region, the PCB board is fixed in the filter cavity through the bottom signal layer L4, and the bottom signal layer L4 is in sufficient contact with the cavity surface to ensure common ground with the cavity to form a good rf ground.
In one embodiment, the second intermediate signal layer L3 and the bottom signal layer L4 form a polar capacitor through the intermediate dielectric layer L5, i.e., the second intermediate signal layer L3 serves as the top plate of the polar capacitor, the intermediate dielectric layer L5 serves as the insulating medium of the polar capacitor, and the bottom signal layer L4 serves as the bottom plate of the polar capacitor. In the embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate medium layer L5 is made of a PCB board, and specifically, may be a double-sided glass fiber board, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto. Meanwhile, the thickness of the middle dielectric layer L5 and the copper-clad area of the second middle signal layer L3 can be adjusted according to the frequency band requirement, so as to adjust the capacitance value of the polar capacitor. For example, when a larger capacitance is required, the copper-clad area of the second intermediate signal layer L3 is increased or the thickness of the intermediate dielectric layer L5 is decreased, and when a smaller capacitance is required, the copper-clad area of the second intermediate signal layer L3 is decreased or the thickness of the intermediate dielectric layer L5 is increased. In practical applications, the thickness of the interlayer dielectric layer L5 is preferably not too thick, preferably 8 mils to 20 mils, for better capacitance polarity. The capacitance value of the equivalent capacitor is changed by flexibly arranging the thickness of the intermediate dielectric layer L5 and the copper-clad area of the second intermediate signal layer L3, and the radio frequency suppression effect is enhanced.
The PCB comprises a top signal layer, a first middle signal layer, a second middle signal layer and a bottom signal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein a middle medium layer is arranged between the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer; the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer are coated with copper, and the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer are in communication connection through signal holes. The middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer form a polar capacitor structure for receiving power supply signals and filtering radio frequency signals in the power supply signals, so that the function of the metal wave trap is realized.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a trap module, which comprises the PCB and the trap module, and the trap module also comprises an inductor, wherein the inductor is arranged on a top signal layer of the PCB.
In one embodiment, the inductor is mounted on the top signal layer of the PCB for further enhancing the rf suppression effect.
The trap module provided by the utility model comprises a PCB and a trap module. The function of the metal wave trap is realized through the PCB technology, the original metal wave trap in the filter can be removed, the space of the filter is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the problem that an ideal wave trap cannot be added due to the problem of limited space is solved. And a trap module is utilized to further enhance the radio frequency suppression effect.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a lightning protection circuit, which is applied to the occasions of preventing equipment from being damaged by lightning, and as shown in fig. 6, the lightning protection circuit comprises a trap module 1 and a primary lightning protection module 2, wherein the input end of the trap module 1 is connected with an antenna interface 3, and the output end of the trap module is connected with the input end of the primary lightning protection module 2, and is used for receiving a power supply signal, filtering a radio frequency signal in the power supply signal, and simultaneously transmitting the filtered power supply signal to the primary lightning protection module 2. The primary lightning protection module 2 is connected with the equipment 4 to be protected and used for receiving the power supply signals input by the trap module 1 and releasing lightning strike signals in the power supply signals.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the lightning protection circuit further includes a secondary lightning protection module 5, an input end of the secondary lightning protection module 5 is connected to an output end of the primary lightning protection module 2, and an output end of the secondary lightning protection module is connected to the device to be protected 4. The two-stage lightning protection module is arranged between the equipment 4 to be protected and the antenna interface 3, most of residual lightning strike signals in the antenna interface 3 are discharged through the gas discharge tube in the one-stage lightning protection module 2, and the residual lightning strike signals are discharged through the two-stage lightning protection module 5.
The lightning protection circuit provided by the utility model comprises a trap wave module and a primary lightning protection module, wherein the input end of the trap wave module is connected with an antenna interface, and the output end of the trap wave module is connected with the input end of the primary lightning protection module and is used for receiving a power supply signal, filtering a radio frequency signal in the power supply signal and transmitting the filtered power supply signal to the primary lightning protection module. The primary lightning protection module is connected with the equipment to be protected and used for receiving the power supply signals input by the trap module and releasing lightning strike signals in the power supply signals. By arranging the trap module in the lightning protection circuit, radio frequency signals in the power supply signals are filtered, and the quality of the power supply signals is improved.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the secondary lightning protection module 5 includes a forward lightning protection unit 51 for releasing a forward residual lightning strike signal, wherein the forward lightning protection unit 51 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a first capacitor C1, wherein a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to a cathode of the second diode D2 and one end of the first capacitor C1, respectively; the anode of the second diode D2 is grounded; the other terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to ground.
In an embodiment, since the lightning strike signal has a forward direction and a reverse direction, in order to protect the lightning strike signal in all directions, a forward lightning protection unit 51 and a reverse lightning protection unit 52 are disposed in the secondary lightning protection module 5, one end of the reverse lightning protection unit 52 is connected to one end of the forward lightning protection unit 51, and the other end is grounded, wherein the reverse lightning protection unit 52 is configured to release a reverse residual lightning strike signal. In an embodiment of the present invention, the reverse lightning protection unit 52 includes a third diode D3.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the primary lightning protection module 2 includes: the filter unit 21 and the discharge tube 22, wherein a first end of the filter unit 21 is connected with one end of the discharge tube 22, a second end is connected with the secondary lightning protection module 5, and a third end is grounded; the other end of the discharge tube 22 is grounded.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the filtering unit 21 includes a second inductor L and a second capacitor C2, wherein one end of the second inductor L is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the secondary lightning protection module 5; the other terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to ground. Specifically, the second capacitor C2 is a planar interdigital capacitor or a stacked capacitor.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a filter, which comprises the lightning protection circuit, wherein the lightning protection circuit is fixed on the inner surface of the filter through the PCB bottom signal layer.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the application scenario of the filter is that a lightning protection circuit is disposed in the filter, the lightning protection circuit includes a PCB, and the lightning protection circuit is fully contacted with the cavity surface of the filter through a bottom signal layer, so as to ensure that the lightning protection circuit is grounded to the cavity, and a good rf ground is formed.
The filter provided by the utility model comprises the lightning protection circuit, the lightning protection circuit comprises the PCB, the function of the metal wave trap is realized through the PCB process, the original metal wave trap in the filter can be removed, the space of the filter is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the problem that an ideal wave trap cannot be added due to the problem of limited space is solved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the utility model may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A PCB is characterized by comprising a top signal layer, a first middle signal layer, a second middle signal layer and a bottom signal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein a middle medium layer is arranged between the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer;
the second middle signal layer and the bottom signal layer are coated with copper, and the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer are in communication connection through signal holes.
2. The PCB panel of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the interlevel dielectric layer is in the range of 8 mils to 20 mils.
3. The PCB board of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of ground holes and a plurality of screw holes, wherein,
the plurality of ground holes penetrate through the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer;
the plurality of screw holes penetrate through the top signal layer, the first middle signal layer, the second middle signal layer, the middle dielectric layer and the bottom signal layer and are used for fixing the PCB.
4. A notch module comprising the PCB of any of claims 1-3 and a notch module, the notch module further comprising an inductor, the inductor being mounted on a top signal layer of the PCB.
5. A lightning protection circuit, the lightning protection circuit includes the one-level lightning protection module of being connected with the equipment of treating protection, one-level lightning protection module is used for absorbing the thunderbolt signal of the equipment power supply of treating protection, its characterized in that, the lightning protection circuit still includes the trapped wave module of claim 4, the antenna interface is connected to the input of trapped wave module, output and the input of one-level lightning protection module are connected.
6. The lightning protection circuit of claim 5, further comprising a secondary lightning protection module, wherein an input end of the secondary lightning protection module is connected to an output end of the primary lightning protection module, and an output end of the secondary lightning protection module is connected to the device to be protected, and is configured to receive the residual lightning strike signal input by the primary lightning protection module and release the residual lightning strike signal.
7. The lightning protection circuit according to claim 6, wherein the secondary lightning protection module comprises a forward lightning protection unit for releasing a forward residual lightning strike signal, the forward lightning protection unit comprising a first diode, a second diode and a first capacitor, wherein a cathode of the first diode is connected to a cathode of the second diode and one end of the first capacitor, respectively; the anode of the second diode is grounded; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
8. The lightning protection circuit of claim 7, wherein the secondary lightning protection module further comprises a reverse lightning protection unit configured to release a reverse residual lightning strike signal, wherein one end of the reverse lightning protection unit is connected to one end of the forward lightning protection unit, and the other end of the reverse lightning protection unit is grounded.
9. The lightning protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the primary lightning protection module comprises: a filter unit and a discharge tube, wherein,
the first end of the filter unit is connected with one end of the discharge tube, the second end of the filter unit is connected with the secondary lightning protection module, and the third end of the filter unit is grounded;
the other end of the discharge tube is grounded.
10. A filter, characterized in that the filter comprises a lightning protection circuit according to any of claims 5-9, which is fixed to the inner surface of the filter by means of the PCB board bottom signal layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121188218.6U CN216057604U (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | PCB, trapped wave module, lightning protection circuit and wave filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121188218.6U CN216057604U (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | PCB, trapped wave module, lightning protection circuit and wave filter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216057604U true CN216057604U (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121188218.6U Active CN216057604U (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | PCB, trapped wave module, lightning protection circuit and wave filter |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216057604U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-05-28 CN CN202121188218.6U patent/CN216057604U/en active Active
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