CN216055157U - Antenna and communication system - Google Patents
Antenna and communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216055157U CN216055157U CN202121646530.5U CN202121646530U CN216055157U CN 216055157 U CN216055157 U CN 216055157U CN 202121646530 U CN202121646530 U CN 202121646530U CN 216055157 U CN216055157 U CN 216055157U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an antenna and a communication system, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first bottom plate and a base; the first substrate comprises a first medium layer and at least one first radiation unit, and the first radiation unit is arranged on the first medium layer; the second substrate comprises a second medium layer and a second radiation unit, the second medium layer is arranged opposite to the first medium layer, the second radiation unit is arranged on the second medium layer, and the orthographic projection of the second radiation unit and the orthographic projection of the first radiation unit on the first medium layer are at least partially overlapped; the first bottom plate comprises a third medium layer and a reference electrode layer, the third medium layer is arranged opposite to the first medium layer, and the reference electrode layer is positioned between the first medium layer and the third medium layer; the base is fixedly connected with the second medium layer, defines an accommodating cavity, and fixes the first substrate and the first bottom plate in the accommodating cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an antenna and a communication system comprising the same.
Background
An antenna is one of the most important parts in a wireless communication system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. In engineering systems such as communication, broadcasting, television, radar, navigation and the like, all of which utilize electromagnetic waves to transmit information, the information transmission is carried out by depending on an antenna. With the rapid development of wireless communication systems, the application scenarios of wireless communication systems are becoming more and more abundant, so that the requirements of wireless communication systems for antenna performance become more and more diverse. In order to obtain good conformality, security and stealth of an antenna, so as to be better applied to systems such as a mobile terminal, an automobile, a building and the like, the prior art generally uses a bionic mode to beautify the antenna.
However, some antennas beautified by using a bionic method have the disadvantages of large volume and light impermeability, and cannot be applied to systems requiring the antennas to have light transparency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention is directed to at least one of the technical problems of the prior art, and provides an antenna and a communication system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, including: the substrate comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first bottom plate and a base; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first substrate comprises a first medium layer and at least one first radiation unit; the first radiation unit is arranged on the first medium layer;
the second substrate comprises a second medium layer and at least one second radiation unit; the second medium layers are arranged opposite to the first medium layers, the second radiation units are arranged on the second medium layers, and the orthographic projections of one second radiation unit and one first radiation unit on the first medium layers are at least partially overlapped;
the first bottom plate comprises a third dielectric layer and a reference electrode layer; the third dielectric layer is arranged opposite to the first dielectric layer, and the reference electrode layer is positioned between the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer;
the base is fixedly connected with the second medium layer, defines an accommodating cavity and fixes the first substrate and the first bottom plate in the accommodating cavity;
in some examples, wherein at least one of the first radiating element, the second radiating element, the reference electrode layer comprises a metal mesh structure;
in some examples, the base comprises a second bottom plate and a first side plate which surrounds the periphery of the second bottom plate and is connected with the second bottom plate, and a first blind hole is arranged on the first side plate;
the peripheral area of the second medium layer is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole and the first blind hole are fixedly connected through a first connecting component;
in some examples, a first boss is disposed on a peripheral region of the second medium layer, and the first boss is a closed-loop structure;
a first groove opposite to the first boss is formed in the first side plate;
the first boss is connected with the first groove in a sealing mode through a first sealing medium;
in some examples, at least one first limiting hole is formed in the side edge of the second medium layer, and a first limiting convex groove is formed in the first side plate; one first limiting convex groove is fixedly connected with one first limiting hole;
in some examples, wherein the second base plate is provided with at least one fourth boss; the fourth boss is arranged on one side, opposite to the first base plate, of the second base plate, and a through hole penetrating through the second base plate is formed in the fourth boss; a protective film is arranged on one side, opposite to the first base plate, of the fourth boss;
in some examples, wherein the third dielectric layer comprises a third bottom panel and second and third side panels connected to the third bottom panel;
a second through hole is formed in the first medium layer; a third through hole is formed in the third bottom plate; a second blind hole is formed in the second bottom plate; one the second through hole, one the third through hole and one the second blind hole are fixedly connected through a second connecting component. In some examples, wherein a second boss is disposed on the first dielectric layer; a fourth through hole opposite to the second boss is formed in the third base plate; one second boss is fixedly connected with one fourth through hole;
in some examples, wherein a third boss is provided on the second floor of the base; a fifth through hole opposite to the third boss is formed in the third base plate; one third boss is fixedly connected with one fifth through hole;
in some examples, wherein, further comprising at least one first transmission unit, the first transmission unit comprises a first transmission line and a second transmission line; the first transmission line and the second transmission line in each first transmission unit are connected with one first radiating unit, and the connection nodes of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are different from those of the first radiating unit;
in some examples, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are both disposed on the same layer as the first radiating element, and an isolation electrode is disposed between the first transmission line and the second transmission line of each first transmission element;
in some examples, among others, further comprising: a first feeding unit; the first feeding unit comprises a first sub-feeding unit and a second sub-feeding unit; the first sub-feeding unit and the second sub-feeding unit respectively comprise a first port and at least one second port;
a second port of the first sub-feeding unit is connected with one first transmission line; a second port of the second sub-feeding unit is connected with one second transmission line;
in some examples, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line are both 2 in numbernA plurality of; the first sub-feeding unit comprises n-level third transmission lines, and the second sub-feeding unit comprises n-level fourth transmission lines;
one of the third transmission lines at level 1 connects two adjacent ones of the first transmission lines, and different ones of the third transmission lines at level 1 connect different ones of the first transmission lines; one of said third transmission lines at the m-th order connects two adjacent ones of said third transmission lines at the m-1 th order, different ones of said third transmission lines at the m-th order being different from said connections of said third transmission lines at the m-1 th order;
one of the fourth transmission lines at level 1 connects two adjacent ones of the second transmission lines, and different ones of the fourth transmission lines at level 1 connect different ones of the second transmission lines; one of said fourth transmission lines at the mth stage connects two adjacent ones of said fourth transmission lines at the m-1 st stage, different ones of said fourth transmission lines at the mth stage being different from said connected ones of said fourth transmission lines at the m-1 st stage; wherein n is more than or equal to 2, m is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, and m and n are integers;
in some examples, wherein the first feeding unit is formed on a printed circuit board; the printed circuit board is fixed on the second side plate of the third medium layer;
in some examples, wherein a sixth through hole is provided on a first sub-side plate of the base opposite the first side plate and the second side plate, through which a connector is in electrical communication with the first port; a first sealing substructure is arranged between the sixth through hole and the second side plate;
a second sealing medium is arranged at the joint of the first side plate and the second medium layer for sealing;
in some examples, among others, further comprising: the first electrode layer and the at least one second radiation unit are arranged on the same layer, and the orthographic projection of the at least one second radiation unit on the first medium layer is not overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the first medium layer;
in a second aspect, the present invention provides a communication system including the above antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the main components of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembled overall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second substrate according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first substrate according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a third backplane of a third dielectric layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first base plate according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a base of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a second substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a first substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a third dielectric layer of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a first feeding unit of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a system architecture diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar referents do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna structure with high transparency, which can be applied to systems such as mobile terminals, automobiles, buildings, and the like. The antenna may be fixed outside a building. Because the optical transmittance of the antenna is high, the antenna is not easy to attract people to notice while realizing the communication function, and the effect of beautifying the antenna is achieved. And the antenna will also become a trend for beautifying the antenna.
In a first aspect, fig. 1-13 are schematic diagrams of the present novel usage.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna including a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2, a first bottom plate 3, and a base 4. Wherein the first substrate 1 comprises a first dielectric layer 11 and at least one first radiating element 12. The first radiation element 12 is disposed on the first dielectric layer 11. The second substrate 2 includes a second dielectric layer 21 and at least one second radiation unit 22, the second dielectric layer 21 is disposed opposite to the first dielectric layer 11, and the second radiation unit 22 is located on a side of the second dielectric layer 21 close to the first radiation unit 12. The first substrate 3 includes a third dielectric layer 31 and a reference electrode layer, the third dielectric layer 31 is disposed opposite to the first dielectric layer 11, and the reference electrode layer is disposed between the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 31. Moreover, the base 4 is fixedly connected with the second medium layer 21 to define a containing cavity, and the first substrate 1 and the first bottom plate 3 are fixed in the containing cavity. In fig. 2 and 3, only a plurality of first radiation units 12 and a plurality of second radiation units 22 are taken as an example, and orthographic projections of one first radiation unit 12 and one second radiation unit 22 on the first medium layer 11 are at least partially overlapped. For example: the first radiation units 12 and the second radiation units 22 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The opposing first and second radiation elements 12 and 22 increase the area of the radiation elements relative to the case where only one radiation element is provided, thereby effectively improving radiation efficiency.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the first dielectric layer 11 is disposed opposite to the second dielectric layer 21, and the orthographic projection of one second radiation unit 22 and the first radiation unit 12 on the first dielectric layer 11 at least partially overlaps, the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 22 are coupled, the first radiation unit 12 transmits the microwave signal to the second radiation unit 22, and the second radiation unit 22 transmits the microwave signal outwards. Meanwhile, the base 4 is fixedly connected with the second medium layer 21 of the second substrate 2 to define an accommodating cavity, and the first substrate 1 and the first bottom plate 3 are defined in the accommodating cavity to form a shell structure of the antenna. The antenna is convenient to fix and beautify. Due to the arrangement of the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 22, radio frequency signals are radiated by the cooperation of the first radiation unit 12 and the second radiation unit 22, and compared with an antenna only provided with the first radiation unit 12, the clearance height of the antenna is effectively increased, so that the radiation efficiency is improved.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the antenna further includes a first electrode layer 23. The first electrode layer 23 and the second radiation units 22 are disposed on the same layer, and an orthographic projection of at least one second radiation unit 22 on the first medium layer 11 is not overlapped with an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer 23 on the first medium layer 11. That is, the first electrode layer 23 is disposed on the second dielectric layer 21 of the second substrate 2 and has a certain distance from the reference electrode layer on the first substrate 3, and the distance between the first electrode layer and the reference electrode layer satisfies that coupling can occur when signals are transmitted between the first electrode layer and the reference electrode layer, so that the first electrode layer 23 can receive the reference voltage on the reference electrode layer in a coupling manner, and is equivalent to the first electrode layer 23 serving as an extension structure of the reference electrode layer, and the reference electrode layer is extended to the second dielectric layer 21 on the second substrate 2 side to adjust the center frequency of the antenna.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the base 4 of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a second bottom plate 41 and a first side plate 42 connected to the second bottom plate 41 around the periphery of the second bottom plate 41, and the first side plate 42 and the second bottom plate 41 form a box structure without a top plate. A first blind hole 421 is formed on the side of the first side plate 42 facing away from the second bottom plate 41; the peripheral area of the second medium layer 21 of the second substrate 2 is provided with a first through hole 211, and one first through hole 211 corresponds to one first blind hole 421 and is fixedly connected through the first connecting assembly 214, so that the second medium layer 21 is fixedly connected with the first side plate 42, and the base 4 is further fixed with the second substrate 2. In some examples, the first connection assembly 214 includes, but is not limited to, a bolt.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the box structure without a top plate, which is formed by the first side plate 42 and the second bottom plate 41, is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the side surface of the second medium layer 21 corresponding to the second bottom plate 41 is a rounded rectangle. The first through holes 211 are disposed in the regions near the four sides of the second dielectric layer 21. For example, three first through holes 211 are formed in the peripheral region near each edge of the second dielectric layer 21, and the first through holes 211 are uniformly arranged. The first blind holes 421 correspond to the first through holes 211, that is, three first blind holes 421 are respectively disposed on four sides of the first side plate 42 corresponding to the second medium layer 21. A first through hole 211 and a first blind hole 421 are fixed through the first connecting component 214, and the four sides of the second medium layer 21 are provided with the first through holes 211 with the same number, so that when the second medium layer 21 of the second substrate 2 is fixed with the first side plate 42 of the base, the four sides of the second medium layer 21 are fixed tightly with the first side plate 42, and finally, the whole structure of the antenna is fixed more tightly.
Further, in some examples, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, in order to ensure the antenna sealing performance when the second dielectric layer 21 of the second substrate 2 is fixed, a first boss 212 is disposed on a peripheral region of the second dielectric layer 21 of the second substrate 2, and a first groove 422 is correspondingly disposed on the first side plate 42 of the base 4. Wherein a first boss 212 and a first recess 422 are secured by a first sealing medium prior to being fixedly coupled by the first coupling assembly 214. Specifically, the second medium layer 21 of the second substrate 2 is quadrilateral, the first boss 212 having a closed-loop structure is disposed at the peripheral edge region, the first through hole 211 is disposed at the outer side of the first boss 212, the corresponding first groove 422 is disposed at the side of the first side plate 42 opposite to the second medium layer 21, the first groove 422 corresponds to the first boss 212 and is also in a closed-loop structure, and the first blind hole 421 is disposed at the outer side of the first groove 422. The first sealing medium includes, but is not limited to, the use of a sealant, a laser welding material, and an ultrasonic welding material. Thereby, the antenna structure can have good sealing performance.
Further, in some examples, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, in order to make the assembly process of the second substrate 2 and the base 4 more stable and convenient, at least one first limiting hole 213 is disposed on the side of the second medium layer 21, the first side plate 42 is provided with a first limiting convex groove 423 opposite to the first limiting hole 213, and the first limiting convex groove 423 and the first limiting hole 213 are fixedly connected, so that the second substrate 2 and the base 4 are fixed before being fixed by the first connecting component 214. For example, the second medium layer 21 of the second substrate 2 is quadrilateral, two opposite sides of the second medium layer are respectively provided with a first limiting convex groove 423, and correspondingly, the first side plate 42 of the base 4 is provided with a first limiting hole 213 at a position opposite to the first limiting convex table. Since the first limit convex grooves 423 are respectively disposed on two corresponding sides of the second medium layer 21, and the first limit holes 213 are also disposed on two corresponding sides of the first side plate 42, the second medium layer 21 of the second substrate 2 and the second side plate 324 of the base 4 can be fixed together through the first limit convex grooves 423 and the first limit holes 213 before the fixing through the first connecting assembly 214. So that the second substrate 2 and the base 4 are more stable and convenient for further assembly.
Further, in some examples, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, in order to make the assembly process of the first substrate 1 and the first base plate 3 more stable and convenient, at least one second boss 111 is disposed on the first medium layer 11 of the first substrate 1 in a direction opposite to the first base plate 3, a fourth through hole 311 is disposed on the third medium layer 31 of the first base plate 3 in a direction opposite to the second boss 111, and the first medium layer 11 and the third medium layer 31 are fixedly connected by the second boss 111 penetrating through the fourth through hole 311. The fixed connection between the second boss 111 and the fourth through hole 311 is generally before the first boss 212 is fixed to the first groove 422, before the first connecting element 214 is fixed, and before the first limit groove 423 and the first limit hole 213 are fixed. Preferably, in some examples, two second bosses 111 are disposed on the first medium layer 11 in a direction opposite to the first base plate 3, and are disposed on two sides of the first medium layer 11 along the length direction, and two fourth through holes 311 corresponding to the second bosses 111 are disposed on the corresponding third medium layer 31. Through second boss 111 and fourth through hole 311 fixed connection, limit fixed mutually first base plate 1 and first bottom plate 3 for further equipment of first base plate 1 and first bottom plate 3 is more stable and convenient.
Further, in some examples, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, in order to make the assembly process of the first base plate 3 and the base 4 more stable and convenient, and at the same time, fix the first base plate 1, the first base plate 3 and the base 4, so that the three can be fixed better, at least one third boss 412 is disposed on the second base plate 41 of the base 4 in the direction opposite to the first base plate 3, a fifth through hole 322 corresponding to the third boss 412 is disposed on the third medium layer 31 of the first base plate 3, and one third boss 412 penetrates through one fifth through hole 322, and the two are fixedly connected. The fixing connection between the third protrusion 412 and the fifth through hole 322 generally occurs before the first protrusion 212 is fixed to the first groove 422, before the first connecting element 214 is fixed, and before the first position-limiting protrusion 423 and the first position-limiting hole 213 are fixed. Preferably, in some examples, the second bottom plate 41 of the susceptor 4 is provided with two third bosses 412 in a direction opposite to the first bottom plate 3, and the two third bosses 412 are respectively located at two sides along the length direction of the second bottom plate 41, and two fifth through holes 322 corresponding to the third bosses 412 are provided on the corresponding third medium layer 31 of the first bottom plate 3. The third bosses 412 are fixedly connected with the fifth through holes 322, so that the base 4 and the first base plate 3 are limited and fixed, and the assembly process of the base 4 and the first base plate 3 can be more stable and convenient. Meanwhile, the first base plate 3 and the first base plate 1 are limited and fixed through the second boss 111 and the fourth through hole 311, so that the first base plate 1, the first base plate 3 and the base 4 are limited and fixed, and the first base plate 1, the first base plate 3 and the base 4 can be better fixed.
Meanwhile, the operation of performing the limit fixing between the first substrate 1 and the first base plate 3 and the operation of performing the limit fixing between the first base plate 3 and the base 4 may be interchanged. The sequential order of the two has no influence on the assembly and the function of the antenna shell.
Further, in some examples, with continued reference to fig. 1-13, the third dielectric layer 31 includes a third bottom panel 323 and second and third side panels 324, 325 connected to the long sides of the third bottom panel 323, the third bottom panel 323 corresponding to the second dielectric layer 21; in order to fix the first substrate 1, the first bottom plate 3 and the base 4 more tightly, the first medium layer 11 of the first substrate 1 is provided with the second through hole 112, the third medium layer 31 of the first bottom plate 3 is provided with the third through hole 326 corresponding to the second through hole 112, and the second bottom plate 41 of the base 4 is provided with the second blind hole 413 corresponding to the third through hole 326; a second through hole 112, a third through hole 326 and a second blind hole 413 are corresponding to each other and fixedly connected by a second connecting component. The second fixing component includes, but is not limited to, hot melt adhesive and screws, etc. Preferably, in some examples, five second through holes 112 are provided on the first substrate 1, and are respectively and uniformly distributed on the first substrate 1, there are also five corresponding third through holes 326 corresponding to the second through holes 112, and there are also five corresponding second blind holes 413 corresponding to the third through holes 326, and one second through hole 112, one third through hole 326, and one second blind hole 413 are fixedly connected by one screw, so that the first substrate 1, the first bottom plate 3, and the base 4 are fixed more tightly.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, in order to complete the signal transmission or reception function of the antenna of the present disclosure, the antenna of the present disclosure further has at least one first transmission unit 13 including a plurality of first transmission lines 131 and a plurality of second transmission lines 132, the first transmission lines 131 and the second transmission lines 132 in each of the first transmission units 13 are connected to one of the first radiation units 12, and the first transmission lines 131 and the second transmission lines 132 are different from the connection nodes of the first radiation units 12. The antenna in the present disclosure is described by taking a transmitting antenna as an example, the first transmission line 131 and the second transmission line 132 transmit the microwave signal to be transmitted by the first radiating element 12 to the first radiating element 12, and since the first radiating element 12 and the second radiating element 22 are coupled, the first radiating element 12 transmits the microwave signal to the second radiating element 22, and the second radiating element 22 transmits the signal, so as to complete signal transmission of the antenna. Meanwhile, an isolation electrode 13 is disposed between the first transmission line 131 and the second transmission line 132 connected to the same first radiating element 12 to isolate electrical signals between the first transmission line 131 and the second transmission line 132, thereby preventing coupling.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 12, in order to enable the antenna to successfully transmit or output signals, the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include not only the above-described structure, but also a first feeding unit, which includes a first sub-feeding unit 311 and a second sub-feeding unit 312, where each of the first sub-feeding unit 311 and the second sub-feeding unit 312 includes one first port and at least one second port. A second port 3113 of a first sub-feeding unit 311 is connected to a first transmission line 131, and a second sub-feeding unit 312 is connected to a second transmission line 132. The second port 3113 of the first sub-feeding unit 311 is electrically connected to the first transmission line 131, and a microwave signal is input through the first port 3112 of the first sub-feeding unit 311 and transmitted to the first transmission line 131 through the second port 3113. The second port 3123 of the second sub-feed unit 312 is connected to be electrically connected to the second transmission line 132, a microwave signal is input through the first port 3122 of the second sub-feed unit 312, and the microwave signal is transmitted to the second transmission line 132 through the second port 3123 thereof. Therefore, the signal is successfully transmitted into or out of the antenna.
In one example, the number of the first radiation elements 12 in the antenna is 2n, and accordingly, the number of the first transmission lines 131 and the number of the second transmission lines 132 are 2 n; the first sub-feed unit 311 includes n-stage third transmission lines 3111, and the second sub-feed unit 312 includes n-stage fourth transmission lines 3121; one third transmission line 3111 at level 1 connects two adjacent first transmission lines 131, and different third transmission lines 3111 at level 1 are connected to different first transmission lines 131; one third transmission line 3111 at the m-th stage connects two adjacent third transmission lines 3111 at the m-1 th stage, and a different third transmission line 3111 at the m-th stage is connected to a different third transmission line 3111 at the m-1 th stage; one fourth transmission line 3121 at the level 1 connects two adjacent second transmission lines 132, and the second transmission lines 132 connected to different fourth transmission lines 3121 at the level 1 are different; one fourth transmission line 3121 located at the mth stage connects two adjacent fourth transmission lines 3121 located at the m-1 th stage, and the fourth transmission line 3121 located at the m-1 th stage to which a different fourth transmission line 3121 located at the mth stage is connected is different; wherein n is more than or equal to 2, m is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, and m and n are integers.
For example: in fig. 2, n is 2, that is, the antenna includes 4 first radiating elements 12, 4 first transmission lines 131 and 4 second transmission lines 132. The first sub-feed unit 311 includes 2-level, 3 third transmission lines 3111, and the second sub-feed unit 312 includes 2-level, 3 fourth transmission lines 3121. Wherein, one third transmission line 3111 at the 1 st stage is connected to the feeding ends of the 1 st and 2 nd first transmission lines 131 from left to right, and the other third transmission line 3111 is connected to the feeding ends of the 3 rd and 4 th first transmission lines 131 from left to right; the third transmission line 3111 at the 2 nd stage is connected to the feeding ends of the two third transmission lines 3111 at the 1 st stage. Likewise, one fourth transmission line 3121 at the 1 st stage is connected to the feeding terminals of the 1 st and 2 nd second transmission lines 132 in the left-to-right direction, and the other fourth transmission line 3121 is connected to the feeding terminals of the 3 rd and 4 th second transmission lines 132 in the left-to-right direction; the fourth transmission line 3121 at the 2 nd stage is connected to the feeding terminals of the two fourth transmission lines of the 1 st stage.
In some examples, the first feeding unit is formed on a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is fixed on the second side plate 324 of the first base plate 3. The printed circuit board and the second side plate 324 can be fixed by screwing, that is, by using a screw and a nut, so as to fixedly connect the printed circuit board and the second side plate 324. It should be noted that, since the bottom plate of the first bottom plate 3 is fixed to the base 4, in some preferred examples, a through hole is formed in a first sub-side plate opposite to the first side plate 42 and the second side plate 324, and the printed circuit board and the second side plate 324 are screwed and fixed to the first side plate 42 through the through hole in the first sub-side plate, so that the printed circuit board is fixed to the bottom plate and the base 4 more tightly.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, in order to make the antenna more convenient to connect to external signals, a sixth through hole is provided on a first sub-side plate of the base 4 opposite to the first side plate 42 and the second side plate 324, and the connector 43 is electrically connected to the first ports of the first sub-feeding structure and the second sub-feeding structure through the sixth through hole. The connectors 43 output microwave signals to the first ports, and the number of the connectors 43 generally corresponds to the number of the first ports. The antenna can be more easily connected to external signals through the connector 43.
Also, in some examples, as shown in fig. 7. In order to provide a better sealing structure for the antenna, a first sealing substructure 44 is arranged between the sixth through hole and the second side plate 324, and the first sealing substructure 44 may be a sealing ring for forming a sealing structure between the connector 43 and the antenna. Meanwhile, at least one fourth boss 45 is disposed on the second bottom plate 41 of the base 4 on the side opposite to the first bottom plate 3, and a through hole penetrating through the second bottom plate and a protective film disposed on the fourth boss 45 are disposed. The fourth boss 45 and the protective film are used for waterproofing and ventilation of the antenna. Meanwhile, a second sealing medium is disposed at the junction of the first side plate 42 and the second medium layer 21 to seal the antenna structure. The material used for the second sealing medium may be the same as the first sealing medium, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. The antenna is better sealed by the first sealing substructure 44, the fourth boss 45 and the second sealing medium.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 9-11, the third dielectric layer 31 may include a first substrate 31a and a first fixing plate 31b that are stacked; the reference electrode layer is arranged on the side of the first substrate 31a facing away from the first fastening plate 31b, wherein the reference electrode layer can be fixedly connected to the first substrate 31a by means of a first adhesive layer.
The first substrate 31a is a flexible film made of, but not limited to, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) or Polyimide (PI). In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first base material 31a is exemplified by PET. Wherein the thickness of the first substrate 31a is about 50-250 μm. Since the first substrate 31a is flexible and cannot provide good support for the reference electrode layer, and is easily deformed to obtain a desired radiation effect, the rigidity of the first base plate 3 is maintained by the first fixing plate 31b, and the material of the first fixing plate 31b includes, but is not limited to, Polycarbonate Plastic (PC), cyclo olefin polymer plastic (COP), or acryl/organic glass (PMMA). The thickness of the first fixing plate 31b is about 1-3 mm. The materials of the first adhesive layers may be the same or different, for example: transparent optical Adhesive (OCA) is adopted as the material of the first Adhesive layer.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, the first medium layer 11 includes a second substrate 11a and a second fixing plate 11b, which are stacked, and each of the first radiation unit 12 and the at least one first transmission unit 13 may be disposed on a side of the second substrate 11a facing away from the second fixing plate 11b, wherein each of the first radiation unit 12 and the at least one first transmission unit 13 may be fixedly connected to the second substrate 11a by a second adhesive layer.
The material of the second substrate 11a and the material of the first substrate 31a may be the same, the material of the second fixing plate 11b and the material of the first fixing plate 31b may be the same, and the material of the first adhesive layer and the material of the second adhesive layer are the same, so that the description thereof is omitted.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, the second dielectric layer 21 may include a third substrate 21a and a third fixing plate 21b, which are stacked, and the at least one second radiation unit 22 and the first electrode layer 23 are disposed on a side of the third substrate 21a facing away from the second fixing plate 11b, wherein each second radiation unit 22 may be fixedly connected to the third substrate 21a through a third adhesive layer.
The material of the third substrate 21a and the material of the first substrate 31a may be the same, the material of the third fixing plate 21b and the material of the first fixing plate 31b may be the same, and the material of the first adhesive layer and the material of the third adhesive layer are the same, so that the description thereof is omitted. It should be noted that, referring to fig. 5, in some examples, the second side plate 324 and the third side plate 325 are disposed on the opposite side of the third dielectric layer 31 in the length direction, and the second side plate 324 and the third side plate 325 may also adopt the above-mentioned structure of laminating the fixed plate and the base material, so that the base material layer of the thin film material covers the inner sides of the third dielectric layer 31, the second side plate 324 and the third side plate 325, and then the conductive layer is formed thereon to form the conductive film, which is etched to be the reference electrode layer.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 13, at least one of the first radiation unit 12, the second radiation unit 22, and the isolation electrode 13 is a mesh structure. Preferably, in order to increase the transparency of the antenna, the first radiation unit 12, the second radiation unit 22, and the isolation electrode 13 are all in a metal mesh structure.
In some examples, the metal mesh structure as shown in fig. 13 may include a plurality of first metal lines 501 arranged to cross and a plurality of second metal lines 502 arranged to cross. Each of the first metal lines 501 is disposed side by side along a first direction and extends along a second direction; the second metal lines 502 are arranged side by side along the first direction and extend along the third direction. For example: the first metal lines 501 and the second metal lines 502 of the metal mesh structure may extend in a direction perpendicular to each other, so that square or rectangular hollow portions are formed. Of course, the extending directions of the first metal line 501 and the second metal line 502 of the metal mesh structure may be disposed non-vertically, for example: the included angle between the extending directions of the first metal line 501 and the second metal line 502 is 45 °, and at this time, a diamond-shaped hollow-out portion is formed. The ends of the first metal wire 501 and the second metal wire 502 of the metal mesh structure are connected together, that is, the periphery of the metal mesh is a closed loop structure. In an actual product, the ends of the first metal wire 501 and the second metal wire 502 of the metal mesh structure may not be connected to each other, that is, the periphery of the metal mesh structure is radial. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the light transmittance of the transparent antenna can reach about 70% -88% by adopting the metal grid structure.
Further, orthographic projections of the first radiation unit 12, the second radiation unit 22 and the hollowed-out part of the reference electrode layer of the metal grid structure on the first medium layer 11 are completely overlapped. In this case, the light transmittance of the transparent antenna can be further improved.
In some examples, the line width, line thickness, and line spacing of the first metal line 501 and the second metal line 502 of the metal mesh structure are preferably the same, but may be different. For example: the line width W1 of the first metal line 501 and the second metal line 502 is about 1-30 μm, and the line spacing W2 is about 50-250 μm; the thickness of the wire is about 0.5-10 μm.
In some examples, the conductive wires in the first radiation unit 12, the second radiation unit 22, and the grid structure for isolating electricity may be made of various conductive materials, such as metal materials, such as copper, silver, aluminum, and the like, without limitation. Under the condition that the width of the conductive wire in the grid structure is extremely small, human eyes cannot recognize the conductive wire, so that the grid structure can be regarded as a transparent structure, and the first radiation unit 12, the second radiation unit 22 and the isolation capacitor adopting the grid structure can form a transparent antenna.
In some examples, fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the disclosure; as shown in fig. 14, the communication system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. An antenna in a communication system may be used as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end, where the baseband provides signals of at least one frequency band, for example, provides 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, and sends the signals of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After receiving the signal, the antenna in the antenna system may transmit the signal to a receiving end in the initial transmission unit after being processed by the filtering unit, the power amplifier, the signal amplifier, and the radio frequency transceiver, where the receiving end may be, for example, an intelligent gateway.
Further, the radio frequency transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit, and is configured to modulate a signal sent by the transceiver unit, or demodulate a signal received by the antenna and transmit the signal to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the radio frequency transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulating circuit, and a demodulating circuit, where after the transmitting circuit receives multiple types of signals provided by the substrate, the modulating circuit may modulate the multiple types of signals provided by the baseband, and then send the modulated signals to the antenna. And the antenna receives signals and transmits the signals to a receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver, the receiving circuit transmits the signals to a demodulation circuit, and the demodulation circuit demodulates the signals and transmits the demodulated signals to a receiving end.
Furthermore, the radio frequency transceiver is connected with a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, the signal amplifier and the power amplifier are connected with a filtering unit, and the filtering unit is connected with at least one antenna. In the process of transmitting signals in a communication system, the signal amplifier is used for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitting the signals to the filtering unit; the power amplifier is used for amplifying the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitting the signal to the filtering unit; the filtering unit can specifically include duplexer and filter circuit, and the filtering unit combines the signal of signal amplifier and power amplifier output and transmits for the antenna after the filtering clutter, and the antenna goes out signal radiation. In the process of receiving signals by an antenna system, the transparent antenna 1 receives the signals and then transmits the signals to a filtering unit, the filtering unit filters and removes the impurities from the signals received by the antenna and then transmits the signals to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, and the signal amplifier gains the signals received by the antenna and increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals; the power amplifier amplifies the power of a signal received by the antenna. Signals received by the antenna are processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the radio frequency transceiver, and the radio frequency transceiver is transmitted to the receiving and transmitting unit.
In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, without limitation.
In some examples, the antenna system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, connected to the power amplifier, for providing the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying the signal.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the utility model, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (17)
1. An antenna, comprising: the substrate comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first bottom plate and a base; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first substrate comprises a first medium layer and at least one first radiation unit; the first radiation unit is arranged on the first medium layer;
the second substrate comprises a second medium layer and at least one second radiation unit; the second medium layers are arranged opposite to the first medium layers, the second radiation units are arranged on the second medium layers, and the orthographic projections of one second radiation unit and one first radiation unit on the first medium layers are at least partially overlapped;
the first bottom plate comprises a third dielectric layer and a reference electrode layer; the third dielectric layer is arranged opposite to the first dielectric layer, and the reference electrode layer is positioned between the first dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer;
the base is fixedly connected with the second medium layer, defines an accommodating cavity, and fixes the first substrate and the first bottom plate in the accommodating cavity.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the reference electrode layer comprises a metal mesh structure.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the base comprises a second bottom plate and a first side plate surrounding the second bottom plate and connected to the second bottom plate, and a first blind hole is disposed on the first side plate;
the peripheral area of the second medium layer is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole and the first blind hole are fixedly connected through a first connecting component.
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein a first boss is disposed on a peripheral region of the second dielectric layer, and the first boss is of a closed-loop structure;
a first groove opposite to the first boss is formed in the first side plate;
the first boss and the first groove are connected in a sealing mode through a first sealing medium.
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein at least one first limiting hole is formed in the side edge of the second dielectric layer, and a first limiting convex groove is formed in the first side plate; one first limiting convex groove is fixedly connected with one first limiting hole.
6. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the third dielectric layer comprises a third bottom plate and second and third side plates connected to the third bottom plate;
a second through hole is formed in the first medium layer; a third through hole is formed in the third bottom plate; a second blind hole is formed in the second bottom plate; one the second through hole, one the third through hole and one the second blind hole are fixedly connected through a second connecting component.
7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the first dielectric layer is provided with a second boss; a fourth through hole opposite to the second boss is formed in the third base plate; and one second boss is fixedly connected with one fourth through hole.
8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein a third boss is provided on the second base plate of the chassis; a fifth through hole opposite to the third boss is formed in the third base plate; one of the third bosses is fixedly connected with one of the fifth through holes.
9. An antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that the second chassis is provided with at least one fourth boss; the fourth boss is arranged on one side, opposite to the first base plate, of the second base plate, a through hole penetrating through the second base plate is formed in the fourth boss, and a protective film is arranged on one side, opposite to the first base plate, of the fourth boss.
10. The antenna of claim 9, further comprising at least one first transmission element, the first transmission element comprising a first transmission line and a second transmission line; the first transmission line and the second transmission line in each first transmission unit are connected with one first radiating unit, and the connection nodes of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are different from those of the first radiating unit.
11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line are disposed on the same layer as the first radiating element, and wherein an isolation electrode is disposed between the first transmission line and the second transmission line of each first radiating element.
12. The antenna of claim 11, further comprising: a first feeding unit; the first feeding unit comprises a first sub-feeding unit and a second sub-feeding unit; the first sub-feeding unit and the second sub-feeding unit respectively comprise a first port and at least one second port;
a second port of the first sub-feeding unit is connected with one first transmission line; and a second port of the second sub-feeding unit is connected with one second transmission line.
13. The antenna of claim 12, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line are each 2 in numbernA plurality of; the first sub-feeding unit comprises n-level third transmission lines, and the second sub-feeding unit comprises n-level fourth transmission lines;
one of the third transmission lines at level 1 connects two adjacent ones of the first transmission lines, and different ones of the third transmission lines at level 1 connect different ones of the first transmission lines; one of said third transmission lines at the m-th order connects two adjacent ones of said third transmission lines at the m-1 th order, different ones of said third transmission lines at the m-th order being different from said connections of said third transmission lines at the m-1 th order;
one of the fourth transmission lines at level 1 connects two adjacent ones of the second transmission lines, and different ones of the fourth transmission lines at level 1 connect different ones of the second transmission lines; one of said fourth transmission lines at the mth stage connects two adjacent ones of said fourth transmission lines at the m-1 st stage, different ones of said fourth transmission lines at the mth stage being different from said connected ones of said fourth transmission lines at the m-1 st stage; wherein n is more than or equal to 2, m is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, and m and n are integers.
14. The antenna according to claim 13, wherein the first feeding unit is formed on a printed circuit board; and the printed circuit board is fixed on the second side plate of the third dielectric layer.
15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein a sixth through hole is provided in a first sub-side plate of the base opposite the first side plate and the second side plate, through which a connector is in electrical communication with the first port; a first sealing substructure is arranged between the sixth through hole and the second side plate;
and a second sealing medium is arranged at the joint of the first side plate and the second medium layer for sealing.
16. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising: the first electrode layer and the at least one second radiation unit are arranged on the same layer, and the orthographic projection of the at least one second radiation unit on the first medium layer is not overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the first medium layer.
17. A communication system comprising an antenna according to any of claims 1 to 16.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023205985A1 (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-11-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023205985A1 (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-11-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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