CN216005875U

CN216005875U - Enzyme immobilization reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel by enzyme method

Info

Publication number: CN216005875U
Application number: CN202121784769.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓晓; 武攀登; 马嵩; 苏跃华; 陈建湘; 杨友强
Original assignee: Shenzhen Leo King Enviro Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Leo King Enviro Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-03
Filing date: 2021-08-03
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-03

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solid enzyme reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method, which is characterized in that: the gas distributor comprises a skirt (1), a cylinder (4), an end enclosure (3) and an elliptical end enclosure (9), wherein the elliptical end enclosure (9) and the end enclosure (3) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder (4), the cylinder (4) is arranged on the top surface of the skirt (1), a gas distributor (2) is arranged between the cylinder (4) and the skirt (1), a guide cylinder (11) is arranged in the cylinder (4), and a guide cylinder support (12) is arranged between the guide cylinder (11) and the end enclosure (3); the outer wall of the cylinder body (4) is provided with a jacket (8), and the jacket (8) is respectively provided with a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet; the inner wall of the barrel body (4) is provided with a plurality of groups of fixing devices, and the fixing devices are provided with coil pipes (5).

Description

Enzyme immobilization reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel by enzyme method

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of biological oil extraction, in particular to a solid enzyme reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method.

Background

Biodiesel is a fatty acid ester substance generated by ester exchange reaction of animal and vegetable oil or waste edible oil and low-carbon alcohol methanol or ethanol, and petroleum resources are increasingly deficient, and biodiesel is more and more a hot spot of international new energy research.

At present, the industrial production of the biodiesel is mainly a chemical method, acid hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the like or alkali NaOH, KOH and the like are used as catalysts, the requirements on reaction raw materials are high, a plurality of byproducts are generated, the product post-treatment process is complex, equipment is seriously corroded, and the sewage discharge amount is large. Compared with a chemical method, the method for preparing the biodiesel by the biological enzyme method has the advantages of low requirements on the content of fatty acid and water in raw materials, simple process, mild reaction conditions, high selectivity, small methanol dosage, few byproducts, easy recovery of the generated glycerol, high quality and the like, and the method for preparing the biodiesel by the biological enzyme method does not need acid and alkali as catalysts, so that the waste water has low COD content and is easy to treat.

The crude methyl ester obtained by preparing the biodiesel by the traditional enzyme method reaction kettle only can reach the acid value of 10, the methyl ester content is about 90 percent, and in order to further improve the yield of the biodiesel and more importantly improve the product quality and reduce the acid value, the utility model provides the solid enzyme reaction kettle which is applied to the further reaction of the crude methyl ester after the biodiesel is prepared by the enzyme method, so that the yield of the reactant methyl ester is improved, the quality of the biodiesel is improved, and the acid value is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the problems in the prior art, the utility model discloses a solid enzyme reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method, which adopts the technical scheme that the solid enzyme reaction kettle comprises a skirt, a cylinder body, end enclosures and an elliptical end enclosure, wherein the elliptical end enclosure and the end enclosure are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body, the cylinder body is arranged on the top surface of the skirt, the cylinder body is supported and fixed by the skirt, a liquid drainage pipeline and the like are conveniently arranged at the lower part of the skirt, and a gas distributor is arranged between the cylinder body and the skirt; the methanol gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distributor, the complete reaction is promoted, and the yield of the biodiesel is improved. The methanol gas is injected into the reaction kettle to roll the reaction materials in the reaction kettle and mix evenly; a guide cylinder is arranged in the cylinder body, solid enzyme and discharged methyl ester after final reaction are separated through the guide cylinder, most of the solid enzyme is guaranteed to be trapped in the guide cylinder, and a guide cylinder support is arranged between the guide cylinder and the end enclosure; the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with a jacket, and the jacket is respectively provided with a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet; a plurality of groups of fixing devices are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and coil pipes are arranged on the fixing devices; the cylinder body is provided with a hole, and an oil outlet filter is arranged in the hole; a sight glass and a thermometer port are respectively arranged on the cylinder body and the elliptical seal head; a manhole, a breathing port, a pressure gauge port, a gas circulation port, a standby port and a nitrogen port are respectively arranged beside the feed port; the bottom of the seal head is provided with a liquid outlet and a drain outlet; the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with an exhaust port; a methanol gas inlet is formed in the skirt and is connected with the gas distributor; the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with a sampling port.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the outlet end of the gas distributor is provided with a gas distribution plate, the gas distribution plate is provided with a stainless steel screen, and the methanol gas is uniformly distributed into the reaction area of the reaction kettle through the effect of the gas distribution plate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the fixing device comprises a U-shaped bolt and a coil pipe support, the coil pipe is arranged in the middle of the coil pipe support, and threaded holes which correspond to the U-shaped spiral in position and are matched with the U-shaped spiral in size are formed in the two ends of the coil pipe support.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the sight glass comprises a first sight glass, a second sight glass, a third sight glass and a fourth sight glass, the first sight glass and the second sight glass are vertically arranged on the barrel, and the third sight glass and the fourth sight glass are horizontally arranged on the top surface of the elliptical sealing head, so that the reaction progress condition can be observed conveniently.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the thermometer port comprises a first thermometer port, a second thermometer port and a third thermometer port, the second thermometer port is arranged on the top surface of the elliptical sealing head, and the first thermometer port and the third thermometer port are arranged on the barrel up and down and are respectively positioned at the lower part, the middle part and the upper part of the device, so that the reaction temperature of the reaction kettle is comprehensively monitored.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the utility model, granular solid enzyme and crude methyl ester are mixed in the solid enzyme reaction kettle, and methanol gas is pumped into the reaction kettle from the lower part by the pump, so that the interior of the reaction kettle is in a suspension rolling state, the crude methyl ester and the granular solid enzyme are fully contacted with methanol, the reaction is promoted to be carried out, the reaction is more sufficient, and the yield of methyl ester biodiesel is improved; the installed guide cylinder separates the solid enzyme from the methyl ester, the oil outlet filter separates the mixture of the solid enzyme and the reacted methyl ester, the solid enzyme is retained in the reaction kettle, the loss of the solid enzyme is prevented, the solid enzyme is recycled, and the cost is saved; the enzyme activity is strongest in the most suitable temperature range, the enzymatic reaction speed is maximum, the heat preservation can be realized through the jacket design of a solid enzyme reaction kettle, the reaction temperature can be controlled, the coil pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the barrel body of the reaction kettle and is directly contacted with reaction materials, the coil pipe is heated by hot water when the temperature is low, the coil pipe is cooled by circulating cooling water when the temperature is high, thermometer holes are arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the reaction kettle, thermometers are arranged, the reaction temperature is comprehensively monitored, the enzyme activity is ensured when the reaction is carried out at the most suitable reaction temperature of the enzyme, and the reaction efficiency is improved; the nitrogen inlet is designed on the reaction kettle, nitrogen is introduced into the reaction kettle before the reaction starts, the nitrogen can exhaust air in the enzyme immobilization reaction kettle, explosive mixtures formed by methanol and the air are avoided, explosion is avoided, and meanwhile the nitrogen can protect the enzyme immobilization reaction kettle and avoid excessive corrosion of the methanol to the kettle body; the reaction kettle for preparing the biodiesel by the chemical method uses strong acid and strong base and reacts at high temperature, the reaction kettle is easy to corrode, the sleeve design of the solid enzyme reaction kettle is corrosion-resistant, the solid enzyme reaction kettle is applied to the durable contact part of the biodiesel prepared by the enzyme method and the material and each opening and is made of 304 stainless steel, and the stainless steel is subjected to acid pickling passivation treatment and is corrosion-resistant after sand blasting rust removal on the outer surface of carbon steel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the oil outlet filter of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-skirt base, 2-gas distributor, 3-end enclosure, 4-cylinder, 5-coil pipe, 6-U-shaped bolt, 7-coil pipe support, 8-jacket, 9-oval end enclosure, 11-draft tube, 12-draft tube support, 13-oil outlet filter, 14-gas distribution plate, 15-stainless steel screen mesh.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the utility model discloses a solid enzyme reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method, which adopts the technical scheme that the solid enzyme reaction kettle comprises a skirt 1, a cylinder 4, an end enclosure 3 and an elliptical end enclosure 9, wherein the elliptical end enclosure 9 and the end enclosure 3 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder 4, the cylinder 4 is arranged on the top surface of the skirt 1, a gas distributor 2 is arranged between the cylinder 4 and the skirt 1, a guide cylinder 11 is arranged in the cylinder 4, and a guide cylinder support 12 is arranged between the guide cylinder 11 and the end enclosure 3; the outer wall of the cylinder 4 is provided with a jacket 8, the jacket 8 is respectively provided with a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet, and the jacket 8 plays a role in heat preservation; a plurality of groups of fixing devices are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body 4, and a coil pipe 5 is arranged on each fixing device; the cylinder body 4 is provided with a hole, an oil outlet filter 13 is arranged in the hole, and the reacted grease passes through the oil outlet filter 13 to intercept solid enzyme; a sight glass and a thermometer port are respectively arranged on the cylinder body 4 and the oval end socket 9; a feed inlet is formed in the top surface of the oval end socket 9, and a manhole, a breathing port, a pressure gauge port, a gas circulation port, a standby port and a nitrogen port are formed beside the feed inlet respectively; the bottom of the seal head 3 is provided with a liquid outlet and a drain outlet; an exhaust port is formed in the outer wall of the cylinder 4; a methanol gas inlet is formed in the skirt 1 and is connected with the gas distributor 2; the outer wall of the cylinder body 4 is provided with a sampling port.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the outlet end of the gas distributor 2 is provided with a gas distribution plate 14, the gas distribution plate 14 is provided with a stainless steel screen 15, and the stainless steel screen prevents the granular solid enzyme from entering the gas distributor.

As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the fixing device comprises a U-shaped bolt 6 and a coil pipe support 7, the coil pipe 5 is arranged in the middle of the coil pipe support 7, threaded holes which correspond to the U-shaped screw 6 in position and are matched with the U-shaped screw in size are arranged at two ends of the coil pipe support 7, and the U-shaped bolt 6 and the coil pipe support 7 fix the coil pipe 5 so as to be uniformly distributed in the barrel 4.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the sight glass comprises a first sight glass, a second sight glass, a third sight glass and a fourth sight glass, the first sight glass and the second sight glass are vertically arranged on the barrel 4, the third sight glass and the fourth sight glass are horizontally arranged on the top surface of the elliptical seal head 9, and a plurality of groups of sight glasses enable a worker to quickly know the reaction condition inside the equipment.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the thermometer ports comprise a first thermometer port, a second thermometer port and a third thermometer port, the second thermometer port is arranged on the top surface of the elliptical sealing head 9, the first thermometer port and the third thermometer port are arranged on the barrel 4 from top to bottom, and through the thermometer ports, a worker can know the temperature of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the equipment at the first time.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: through a feed inlet at the top of an oval end socket 9, the material is put into a cylinder 4, then a feed inlet is closed, then nitrogen is filled into the cylinder 4 through a nitrogen port, gas is discharged from a gas outlet on the cylinder 4, then methanol gas is input into a gas distributor 2 through a methanol gas inlet, the gas distributor 2 between the end socket 2 and a skirt seat 1 passes through a gas distribution plate 14 and a stainless steel screen 15, the gas is uniformly distributed into the cylinder 4, meanwhile, granular solid matters and the like are prevented from entering the gas distributor 2, then the reaction is started in the cylinder 4, the reacted tail gas is collected and recycled through a gas circulation port at the top of the oval end socket 3, or hydrous methanol with too high water content is rectified and recycled, then, the reaction condition inside is observed through a sight glass on the cylinder 4 and the oval end socket 9, so that a worker can react at the first time when a sudden situation occurs, the hole cleaning barrel body 4 is cleaned through a discharge port at the bottom, and the pressure in the current barrel body 4 is obtained through a pressure gauge port; a worker connects the hot water inlet with the jacket 8 according to the requirement, so that the jacket 8 is heated, the temperature of the cylinder 4 is protected, and then the hot water is discharged through the hot water outlet on the jacket 8; meanwhile, the coil pipe 5 is respectively connected with the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet, so that the inner part of the cylinder 4 is at a constant temperature, and the temperature in the equipment is known through a temperature meter port on the equipment, so that the reaction effect is optimal at what temperature, the activity of enzyme is ensured, the reaction in the cylinder 4 is promoted to be rapidly carried out, and the reaction efficiency is improved; then sampling the reaction substance in the cylinder 4 through a sampling port; the coil pipes are uniformly distributed in the cylinder body 4 through the coil pipe supports 7 and the U-shaped bolts 6, so that the internal temperature approaches to be consistent, the solid enzyme is ensured to be isolated from the discharged methyl ester after final reaction through the guide cylinder 11 and the guide cylinder supports 12, most of the solid enzyme is ensured to be trapped in the guide cylinder, and when the internal reaction is finished, the reacted substance is discharged through a liquid discharge port at the bottom of the seal head 3; through reserve mouthful to when the feed inlet can't use, can't throw the material, when equipment damages through the manhole, the manual work of being convenient for overhauls.

The circuit connections according to the utility model are conventional means used by the person skilled in the art and can be suggested by a limited number of tests, which are common knowledge.

Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid enzyme reation kettle of enzyme process preparation biodiesel which characterized in that: the gas distributor comprises a skirt (1), a cylinder (4), an end enclosure (3) and an elliptical end enclosure (9), wherein the elliptical end enclosure (9) and the end enclosure (3) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder (4), the cylinder (4) is arranged on the top surface of the skirt (1), a gas distributor (2) is arranged between the cylinder (4) and the skirt (1), a guide cylinder (11) is arranged in the cylinder (4), and a guide cylinder support (12) is arranged between the guide cylinder (11) and the end enclosure (3); the outer wall of the cylinder body (4) is provided with a jacket (8), and the jacket (8) is respectively provided with a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet; a plurality of groups of fixing devices are arranged on the inner wall of the barrel (4), and a coil pipe (5) is arranged on each fixing device; a hole is formed in the cylinder body (4), and an oil outlet filter (13) is arranged in the hole; a sight glass and a thermometer port are respectively arranged on the cylinder body (4) and the elliptical seal head (9); a feed inlet is formed in the top surface of the oval end socket (9), and a manhole, a breathing port, a pressure gauge port, a gas circulation port, a standby port and a nitrogen port are respectively formed beside the feed inlet; a liquid outlet and a drain outlet are formed in the bottom of the seal head (3); an exhaust port is formed in the outer wall of the cylinder body (4); a methanol gas inlet is formed in the skirt (1) and is connected with the gas distributor (2); the outer wall of the cylinder body (4) is provided with a sampling port.

2. The solid enzyme reactor for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet end of the gas distributor (2) is provided with a gas distribution plate (14), and the gas distribution plate (14) is provided with a stainless steel screen (15).

3. The solid enzyme reactor for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: fixing device includes U type bolt (6), coil pipe support (7), establish coil pipe (5) the middle part that coil pipe supported (7), just coil pipe support (7) both ends be equipped with corresponding, the size assorted screw hole in U type bolt (6) position.

4. The solid enzyme reactor for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: the sight glass includes a sight glass, No. two sight glasses, No. three sight glasses, No. four sight glasses, establish from top to bottom No. one the sight glass with No. two sight glasses are last on barrel (4), establish about No. three sight glasses with No. four sight glasses oval head (9) top surface.

5. The solid enzyme reactor for preparing biodiesel by an enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: the thermometer port comprises a first thermometer port, a second thermometer port and a third thermometer port, the second thermometer port is arranged on the top surface of the oval sealing head (9), and the first thermometer port and the third thermometer port are arranged on the barrel body (4) from top to bottom.