CN215982561U

CN215982561U - Serial-type danger waste material melting processing apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN215982561U
Application number: CN202122106159.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童铨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-08-31
Filing date: 2021-08-31
Publication date: 2022-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-31

Abstract

The utility model provides a serial hazardous waste material melting treatment device, which forms a continuous heating protection working condition in a furnace through a serial structure of three furnace bodies, effectively improves the utilization rate of waste heat in the furnace, ensures the treatment effect of hazardous waste materials and effectively reduces the process operation cost at the same time.

Description

Serial-type danger waste material melting processing apparatus

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of dangerous waste material treatment, in particular to a serial dangerous waste material melting treatment device.

Background

In recent years, relevant national regulations are set out, and the management method of the solid waste is regulated, while the hazardous waste is used as the waste with great influence on the environment, the hazardous waste disposal is strictly controlled, and the conventional technical process cannot thoroughly and effectively treat part of the hazardous waste. At present, hazardous wastes are mainly treated by the processes of cement chelation, plasma melting and cement kiln synergy.

The cement chelating method is mostly found in small-particle-size inorganic hazardous wastes such as fly ash. This approach, however, only prevents the migration of contaminants and does not solve the problem at the source and on the waste itself. The plasma is used for melting the dangerous waste by using ultrahigh temperature and dissolving harmful substances in glassy lattices in a solid solution mode. However, the process is very expensive to operate, and the treatment cost of most hazardous wastes is much higher than the treatment cost. The cost of the cement kiln co-processing technology is relatively low, but the cement product has strict requirements on the content of chloride ions in materials. The chloride ions have serious corrosivity on metals, and if the content of the chloride ions in the cement after the synergistic treatment exceeds the standard, the service strength and the service life of the steel bar are seriously influenced in the reinforced concrete structure. Therefore, the salt content in the material needs to be removed in advance by using a water washing process, etc., but this will generate new pollutants and additional cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a dangerous waste material treatment device with a novel structure, which forms a continuous heating protection working condition in a furnace through a series structure of three furnace bodies, effectively improves the utilization rate of waste heat in the furnace, and effectively reduces the process operation cost while ensuring the treatment effect on dangerous waste materials.

Above-mentioned dangerous waste material processing apparatus includes the melting furnace, the melting furnace includes three combustion chamber, is a combustion chamber, second combustion chamber and three combustion chambers in proper order along the process direction, a combustion chamber and three combustion chamber bottom are through second combustion chamber intercommunication, make three combustion chamber form the U-shaped structure, and three combustion chamber lateral wall all is equipped with the pure oxygen combustor, and a combustion chamber top is equipped with material inlet, and three combustion chamber tops are equipped with the exhanst gas outlet, and the bottom is equipped with the slag notch, and three combustion chamber bottom center is sunken respectively downwards.

Preferably, the bottoms of the three combustion chambers are connected smoothly, one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber, which is connected with the first combustion chamber, is higher than one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber, which is connected with the third combustion chamber, and one side of the bottom of the first combustion chamber, which is far away from the second combustion chamber, is higher than one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber, which is connected with the second combustion chamber.

The preferable as the above scheme further comprises a feeding device, the feeding device is arranged at a material inlet at the top of the combustion chamber and comprises a receiving hopper, a material limiting channel, a material plug channel and a material pushing device, the tail end of the material plug channel is butted with the material inlet at the top of the combustion chamber, the head end of the material plug channel is butted with the tail end of the material limiting channel, the receiving hopper is arranged at the opening of the head end of the material limiting channel and used for feeding materials into the material limiting channel, and the material pushing device is arranged in the material limiting channel and extends into the material plug channel and used for pushing the materials in the material limiting channel into the material plug channel.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the material limiting channel is smaller than that of the material plug channel.

Preferably, the outer wall of the material plug channel is of a double-layer wall structure, and a gap is formed between the inner layer wall and the outer layer wall to form an annular cavity; the three-combustion-chamber furnace wall is embedded with a gas transmission pipeline, the gas transmission pipeline is spirally wound around the periphery of the three-combustion-chamber furnace chamber, two ends of the gas transmission pipeline penetrate through the furnace wall and extend to the outside of the three combustion chambers, one end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with a material accumulation odor source so that odor generated by material accumulation enters the gas transmission pipeline, the other end of the gas transmission pipeline is communicated with an annular cavity outside the material plug channel, and the top of one end, far away from the gas transmission pipeline, of the annular cavity is provided with an opening which is connected with a flue.

The beneficial effect of above-mentioned structure lies in:

1. through the serial structure of three furnace bodies, the operating mode of continuous heating protection is formed in the furnace, and the liquid slag after the melting of the hazardous waste materials is ensured to continuously keep the molten state, so that the solidification of the molten materials is prevented, the treatment effect on the hazardous waste materials is effectively improved, and the process energy consumption is reduced.

2. A small amount of tar and harmful substances generated in the gasification and melting process are decomposed at high temperature through continuous high-temperature waste heat in the furnace, so that preparation is made for a subsequent quenching process, and the harmful substances in the smoke can be effectively prevented from being synthesized again.

3. Above-mentioned technical scheme will be to the high temperature melting of danger waste material and high temperature gasification technology integration in same stove, and the degree of integration is high, and area reduces, all has fine adaptability to different danger waste materials.

4. In the above-mentioned structure, utilize three combustion chamber waste heat heating backs through piling up the foul smell that produces with other rubbish materials and collecting the back, supply with the material stopper passageway and heat the interior material of passageway, effectively improved the utilization ratio of waste heat and to the treatment effect of danger waste material, its running cost also can greatly reduced.

5. In the structure, the peroxide coefficient of the melting section is not more than 3 percent, and the high-temperature waste heat enters the gasification section to be reduced except a small amount of residual oxygen to react with the material. The process reduces a large amount of combustible gas, and realizes good resource utilization.

6. The structure is reasonable, the maintenance is simple, and the failure rate is low. The whole system has low cost and high economical efficiency of the produced product, and is suitable for regional mobile use.

7. The structure is designed in a skid-mounted mode, the transportation is convenient, and the processing capacity is flexible and changeable.

8. The treatment temperature of the melting furnace with the structure is 1600 ℃, and the harmless treatment can be realized on most solid wastes. Has good adaptability and the capability of completely disposing the waste on site.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the hazardous waste material processing apparatus of this embodiment includes a melting furnace and a feeding device, the melting furnace further includes three combustion chambers, and is a combustion chamber 12, a second combustion chamber 11 and a third combustion chamber 10 in order along the process direction, and a combustion chamber 12 and a third combustion chamber 10 are communicated through the second combustion chamber 11 in the bottom, so that the three combustion chambers form a U-shaped structure, and the three combustion chamber sidewalls are all provided with a pure oxygen burner 14, and a material inlet 5 is provided at the top of the combustion chamber 12, and a flue gas outlet 8 is provided at the top of the third combustion chamber 10, and a slag hole 9 is provided at the bottom, and the centers of the bottoms of the three combustion chambers are respectively recessed downwards.

The bottoms of the three combustion chambers are smoothly connected, one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber 11, which is connected with the first combustion chamber 12, is higher than one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber 11, which is connected with the third combustion chamber 10, and one side of the bottom of the first combustion chamber 12, which is far away from the second combustion chamber 11, is higher than one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber 11, which is connected with the second combustion chamber 11. The structure enables the bottom of the melting furnace to form a height difference, so that the molten materials can freely flow from the first combustion chamber 12 to the third combustion chamber 10.

The feeding device is arranged at a material inlet 5 at the top of a combustion chamber 12 and comprises a receiving hopper 2, a material limiting channel 15, a material plug channel 4 and a material pushing device 1, the tail end of the material plug channel 4 is butted with the material inlet 5 at the top of the combustion chamber 12, the head end of the material plug channel is butted with the tail end of the material limiting channel 15, the receiving hopper 2 is arranged at the opening of the head end of the material limiting channel 15 and used for feeding materials into the material limiting channel 15, and the material pushing device 1 is arranged in the material limiting channel 15 and extends into the material plug channel 4 and used for pushing the materials in the material limiting channel 15 into the material plug channel 4. Wherein the inner diameter of the material limiting channel 15 is smaller than the inner diameter of the material plug channel 4.

In order to further effectively utilize the waste heat, the outer wall of the material plug channel 4 is designed into a double-layer wall structure, and a gap is arranged between the inner layer wall and the outer layer wall to form an annular cavity 3; the gas transmission pipeline 7 is embedded in the furnace wall of the three combustion chambers 10, the gas transmission pipeline 7 is spirally wound around the periphery of the furnace chamber of the three combustion chambers 10, two ends of the gas transmission pipeline 7 penetrate through the furnace wall and extend to the outside of the three combustion chambers 10, one end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with a material accumulation odor source, so that odor generated by material accumulation enters the gas transmission pipeline 7, the other end of the gas transmission pipeline is communicated with the annular cavity 3 outside the material plug channel 4, and the top of the end, far away from the gas transmission pipeline 7, of the annular cavity 3 is provided with an opening which is connected with the flue 6.

The process for treating the hazardous waste materials by adopting the scheme comprises the following steps:

dangerous waste material is put into in the hopper 2, get into limit material passageway 15 by hopper 2, continuously promote dangerous waste material forward through material advancing device 1 (this embodiment china, material advancing device 1 can adopt auger conveyor), until advancing material stopper passageway 4, because limit material passageway 15 internal diameter is less than material stopper passageway 4 internal diameter, the material is by 15 back of advancing material stopper passageway 4 of limit material passageway, it piles up to form the material in material stopper passageway 4, along with the increase of accumulation volume, the material forms the material stopper in material stopper passageway 4, it mainly plays sealing action here to form the material stopper, prevent the interior flue gas backward flow of stove and spill over.

Along with the materials are continuously pushed into the material plug channel 4, the materials enter a combustion chamber 12 from a material inlet 5 at the top of the combustion chamber 12 at the tail end of the material plug channel 4, and are combusted through the high-temperature (1600 ℃) heating of a pure oxygen combustor 14, so that the materials are gradually melted.

The melted materials flow into the third combustion chamber 10 after passing through the second combustion chamber 11 (homogeneous channel), and the melted materials are discharged from the bottom slag outlet 9 in the third combustion chamber 10.

In the process, the material molten state is heated by the continuous high temperature of the pure oxygen burner 14 in the process of sequentially passing through the three combustion chambers, the working condition of continuous heating protection is formed in the furnace, the molten state is effectively guaranteed not to be solidified in the flowing process, and the treatment effect on dangerous waste materials is guaranteed.

In the process, the bottoms of the three combustion chambers are of concave structures, so that the mixed molten slag is layered in the concave parts gradually, the layered molten slag is formed, the separation of metal and inorganic matters can be facilitated, and the subsequent recycling process is more convenient.

Through the flue gas that produces behind the melting of danger waste material, can be heated gradually to high temperature in three combustion chambers, harmful substance such as tar in the flue gas can be by gradual pyrolysis. In the subsequent quenching spray tower, the part of flue gas can be quenched to 90 ℃ instantly, and the quenching process can effectively prevent the harmful substances from being synthesized again.

For the above structure in this embodiment, it should be noted that the section of the material propelling device, in which the front end of the material propelling device extends into the material plug channel, is only located at the front section of the material plug channel, and does not extend into the middle section and the end section of the material plug channel, and the middle section and the end section of the material plug channel are used for forming the material plug from the material.

In the process, the odor generated by material accumulation enters the gas transmission pipeline 7 of the furnace wall of the three combustion chambers 10, the waste heat of the furnace wall of the three combustion chambers 10 is utilized to heat the gas in the gas transmission pipeline 7, the heated gas enters the annular cavity 3 outside the material plug channel 4 along with the gas transmission pipeline 7, the high-temperature gas heats the hazardous waste material in the material plug channel 4 in the annular cavity 3, the melting process of the material entering the combustion chamber 12 is effectively accelerated, and the recovery utilization rate of the waste heat is improved. The flue gas after heat exchange enters the flue 6 from the top opening of the annular cavity 3 and is discharged.

In summary, the series connection of the three combustion chambers forms a long and narrow processing condition in the whole, and in this structure, the slag can be heated continuously in the flowing-out process, so that the fluidity of the slag is maintained. In the process, the smoke or tar generated by the combustion chamber can be decomposed in a high-temperature environment in enough stroke, so that the pressure is reduced for the subsequent treatment of the smoke. Locally, the first combustion chamber is mainly responsible for gasifying and melting materials, and the second combustion chamber is connected with the first combustion chamber and the third combustion chamber and has a long and narrow structure, so that the molten slag is homogenized until the molten slag is layered due to density difference, and the subsequent recovery of metals and other inorganic matters is facilitated. The three combustion chambers are used for adjusting the components of the flue gas, and can generate a large amount of synthesis gas when the content of organic matters in the materials is high. By adjusting the peroxide coefficient of the three combustion chambers, the synthesis gas can be converted into heat energy or recovered, so that the whole process is flexible and changeable and has good adaptability.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a serial-type danger waste material melting processing apparatus which characterized in that: including the melting furnace, the melting furnace includes three combustion chamber, is a combustion chamber, two combustion chambers and three combustion chambers in proper order along the process direction, a combustion chamber and three combustion chamber bottom are through two combustion chamber intercommunications, make three combustion chamber form the U-shaped structure, and three combustion chamber lateral wall all is equipped with the pure oxygen combustor, and a combustion chamber top is equipped with material inlet, and three combustion chamber tops are equipped with the exhanst gas outlet, and the bottom is equipped with the slag notch, and three combustion chamber bottom center is undercut respectively.

2. The in-line hazardous waste material melting and processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the bottoms of the three combustion chambers are connected smoothly, one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber, which is connected with the first combustion chamber, is higher than one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber, which is connected with the third combustion chamber, and one side of the bottom of the first combustion chamber, which is far away from the second combustion chamber, is higher than one side of the bottom of the second combustion chamber, which is connected with the second combustion chamber.

3. The in-line hazardous waste material melting and processing device of claim 2, characterized in that: still include feed arrangement, feed arrangement locates the material entrance at a combustion chamber top, including receiving hopper, limit material passageway, material stopper passageway and material advancing device, the butt joint of material stopper passageway end and a combustion chamber top material entry, head end and the terminal butt joint of limit material passageway, limit material passageway head end opening part is located to the receiving hopper for to throwing in the material in the limit material passageway, material advancing device locates in the limit material passageway and extends to in the material stopper passageway, be used for advancing the material in the limit material passageway to the material in the stopper passageway.

4. The in-line hazardous waste material melting and processing device of claim 3, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the material limiting channel is smaller than that of the material plug channel.

5. The in-line hazardous waste material melting and processing device of claim 4, characterized in that: the outer wall of the material plug channel is of a double-layer wall structure, and a gap is formed between the inner layer wall and the outer layer wall to form an annular cavity; the three-combustion-chamber furnace wall is embedded with a gas transmission pipeline, the gas transmission pipeline is spirally wound around the periphery of the three-combustion-chamber furnace chamber, two ends of the gas transmission pipeline penetrate through the furnace wall and extend to the outside of the three combustion chambers, one end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with a material accumulation odor source so that odor generated by material accumulation enters the gas transmission pipeline, the other end of the gas transmission pipeline is communicated with an annular cavity outside the material plug channel, and the top of one end, far away from the gas transmission pipeline, of the annular cavity is provided with an opening which is connected with a flue.