CN215971746U - Lower frame and chassis of electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lower frame of an electric automobile and a chassis using the same, and relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles. The lower frame has the characteristics of no need of welding, simple process, high precision, light weight, high structural strength, modular assembly and suitability for small-batch or customized production of the electric automobile.

Description

Lower frame and chassis of electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a lower frame and a chassis of an electric automobile.

Background

Under the dual pressure of environment and energy, the development of new energy automobiles in China is more and more urgent, and electromotion and intellectualization are important development directions of new energy automobile industry. At present, two main modes are available for researching and developing the electric vehicle. One is to reform the bottom of the frame and add a battery pack by reforming the traditional fuel vehicle. One is to design the frame in the forward direction according to the requirements of the electric automobile and the characteristics of the battery. The frame is usually made of one or more of aluminum sheet metal parts, aluminum profiles and small-sized aluminum castings through welding combination.

The battery car is directly refitted from the existing fuel car type, the difficulty in manufacturing and production is small, but because the traditional car usually adopts a bearing type car body made of steel sheet metal parts, the developed electric car often has the following defects: due to the fact that the weight is large, the cruising ability is insufficient, the three-electric configuration is limited by the existing vehicle frame, the arrangement is unreasonable, the intelligent and networking arrangement requirements are difficult to achieve, the ground clearance is small after the battery pack is additionally arranged at the bottom, and the like.

The newly-developed electric vehicle with the straight-face frame is required to be provided with a lower frame structure independent of a vehicle body and provided with a battery pack, and in order to improve endurance, aluminum materials are generally adopted to achieve light weight. At the present stage, two types of forms of aluminum profile tailor welding and aluminum profile, sheet metal parts and small castings combination are mainly adopted, but the two types of frames have the following defects:

1) because of the existence of a large number of welding spots and welding seams, the structural safety and reliability are greatly reduced: the single part made of sheet metal parts and aluminum profiles has simple shape, and a frame which can meet the bearing and functional requirements needs to be formed without a large number of part combinations and welding connections. The connecting parts and links are more and the welding path is complex for the parts (such as the connection between the damping tower and the longitudinal beam, the connection between the transverse beam and the longitudinal beam and other key positions) with large bearing capacity and multifunctional requirements of the frame. Compared with steel welding, the aluminum welding difficulty is high, the welding process is not mature, and the welding deformation and the welding seam strength are problems to be solved.

2) The frame structure has large mass: the frame is limited by the unique technological requirements of sheet metal parts, profile parts and the like, the material layout has redundancy in local parts and even a large range, and a large amount of connecting link materials are stacked, so that the lightweight design of the frame is hindered.

3) The production process is complex, and the investment in the early stage is large: the frame has parts made by various process methods such as various special-shaped extruded profiles, sheet metal parts, castings and the like, the welding and riveting links are multiple, the production process is complex, in order to ensure that the frame obtains enough manufacturing precision, a large number of welding tools and special welding equipment cannot be used for producing the frame, the production line needs one-time large-scale investment, the electric automobile is not widely accepted by consumers, the sales volume is limited, the requirements of modification and performance improvement are met, and the profit of enterprises under the condition of small batch is difficult to realize.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, the utility model provides a lower frame and a chassis of an electric automobile, and aims to achieve the purposes of avoiding welding, improving the structural strength of key stress positions of the frame and lightening the automobile body.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

according to a first aspect of the utility model, the lower frame of the electric automobile comprises a front end frame, a battery box fixing frame, a rear end frame and a battery box lower shell, wherein the front end frame, the battery box fixing frame, the rear end frame and the battery box lower shell are all thin-wall aluminum alloy pieces, the front end frame is located in front of the battery box fixing frame, the front end frame is in threaded connection with the front end and the front side edge of the battery box frame through four bolt sets, the rear end frame is located behind the battery box fixing frame, the rear end frame is in threaded connection with the rear end and the rear side edge of the battery box frame through four bolt sets, the battery box lower shell is located inside the battery box fixing frame, and the battery box lower shell is connected with the battery box frame through a circle of bolts at the bottom.

Further, front end frame includes front longitudinal, preceding shock attenuation tower, battery box fixed frame front mounting bracket, front beam, support frame and the water tank crossbeam about frame longitudinal plane symmetry, front longitudinal and preceding shock attenuation tower integrated into one piece, the rear end of front longitudinal and the L shape turning fixed connection of battery box fixed frame front mounting bracket, the both ends of front beam respectively with control front longitudinal fixed connection, support frame and water tank crossbeam with front end frame fixed connection.

Furthermore, the front longitudinal beam is a hollow structural beam with a curved bus and a variable cross section rectangle, the cross section of the front longitudinal beam from front to back is changed from small to large, and openings are arranged at the front end, the rear end and the side faces of the front longitudinal beam on the left side and the right side; the front damping tower is a thin-wall reinforced shell and a structure with triangular longitudinal ribs inside, and is in transition connection with the front longitudinal beam through a fillet; the battery box fixing frame is characterized in that the front mounting frame of the battery box fixing frame is provided with two L-shaped corners, and two sides of each corner are respectively provided with two groups of bolt holes; the front cross beam is provided with a mounting bracket and a mounting hole and is provided with a hollow design.

Furthermore, battery box fixed frame is rectangle frame construction, and battery box fixed frame's longeron link up and integrated into one piece in the corner with the crossbeam, and there is big fillet corner upper portion.

Furthermore, the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams of the battery box fixing frame are hollow beams with rectangular cross sections, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the beams, and a plurality of openings are formed in the middle of the outer sides of the beams.

Further, rear end frame includes back longeron, back shock tower, rear beam and battery box fixed frame rear mounting bracket about frame longitudinal plane symmetry, back longeron and back shock tower pass through fillet transitional coupling, the cavity roof beam of back longeron for having the rectangle cross-section, and the front end of back longeron has the space curve generating line, and is connected with the turning of battery box fixed frame rear mounting bracket, the both ends of rear beam are fixed respectively on controlling the rear beam.

Furthermore, two triangular rib plates are arranged on the inner side of the rear damping tower and are in transition connection with the round corners of the rear longitudinal beams, two ends of the rear cross beam are respectively connected to the two rear longitudinal beams in a lap joint mode through large round corners, two L-shaped corners are arranged on the rear mounting frame of the battery box fixing frame, and a group of bolt connecting holes are respectively formed in two sides of each corner.

Further, the casing includes casing main part and mounting structure under the battery box, mounting structure centers on casing main part a week, and is connected with casing main part's lower surface, and the last equipartition of mounting structure has a plurality of through-holes for be connected with battery box fixed frame.

Further, the battery box lower shell main body is located inside the battery box fixing frame.

According to a second aspect of the utility model, the electric vehicle chassis is the electric vehicle lower frame of the first aspect of the utility model.

The utility model has the following advantages:

1. the front end frame, the battery box fixing frame, the rear end frame and the lower battery box shell are all thin-wall aluminum alloy parts, so that the light weight and integration of the structure are realized, the number of parts of the frame is greatly reduced, the assembly process is greatly simplified, the four parts are connected by bolts, and the modular assembly is realized, so that the whole lower frame is free from a large number of welding links, even the assembly can be completed without any welding, the welding deformation is avoided, and the structural safety and reliability are improved;

2. compared with a frame and a welded frame which are transformed from a traditional fuel vehicle, the light weight can be realized;

3. the structural layout of the frame adapts to the characteristics of the electric vehicle, the battery box is arranged in the middle frame, the safety of the battery box during the collision of the vehicle is effectively protected, the space is saved, and the ground clearance at the bottom of the frame is increased;

4. the structural strength and the rigidity of the frame at key stress parts can be improved; at the positions of the frame which have large bearing and multifunctional requirements (such as the connection between a damping tower and a longitudinal beam, the connection between a transverse beam and a longitudinal beam and other key positions), rib plates with large fillet transition are adopted to strengthen the integral forming connection, so that the structural rigidity, the strength and the reliability are effectively improved;

5. through reasonable structural design, the flexible investment precision casting production line can be manufactured, special casting equipment is not required to be input, welding tools and welding production lines are prevented from being input, and the flexible investment precision casting production line can meet the requirements of small-batch production and customization; the method is favorable for realizing profit under the current situation of small-batch production of the electric automobiles.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and purposes of the present invention, should still fall within the scope covered by the contents disclosed in the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower frame of an electric vehicle;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (top view) of a front end frame;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view (side view) of the front end frame;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a front shock tower;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a front mounting frame of a battery box fixing frame;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view (isometric view) of a battery box fixing frame;

fig. 7 is a structural schematic view (bottom view) of a battery box fixing frame;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view (side view) of a battery box fixing frame;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the rear end frame;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the lower case of the battery box.

In the figure:

1-a front end frame, 11-a front longitudinal beam, 12-a front shock absorption tower, 13-a support frame, 14-a water tank cross beam, 15-a battery box fixing frame front mounting frame, 16-a front cross beam, 111-a first reinforcing rib, 121-a thin-wall shell, 122-a transverse rib plate, 123-a longitudinal rib plate, 151-a bolt hole, and 152-a second reinforcing rib;

2-battery box fixing frame, 21-third reinforcing rib, 22-opening, 23-first big fillet, 24-bolt connecting hole and 25-thread connecting hole;

3-a rear end frame, 31-a rear longitudinal beam, 32-a rear shock absorption tower, 33-a rear cross beam, 34-a battery box fixing frame rear mounting frame, 35-a second large fillet and 321-a triangular rib plate;

4-battery box lower shell, 41-shell body, 42-mounting structure.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model and that it is not intended to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, embodiment 1 provides a lower frame of an electric vehicle and a chassis to which the frame is applied.

Referring to fig. 1, the lower frame is composed of four parts: the front end frame 1, the battery box fixing frame 2, the rear end frame 3 and the battery box lower shell 4. The front end frame 1, the battery box fixing frame 2, the rear end frame 3 and the battery box lower shell 4 are all thin-wall aluminum alloy pieces. The front end frame 1 is in threaded connection with the front end and the front side edge of the battery box frame 2 through four bolt groups; the rear end frame 3 is in threaded connection with the rear end and the rear side edge of the battery box frame 2 through four bolt groups; the battery box lower shell 4 is connected with the battery box frame 2 through a circle of screws at the bottom. Therefore, the number of parts is minimized, the connecting links are reduced, and the machining and assembling workload is greatly reduced. The four parts have the characteristics of large thin-wall integral forming complex structure, the basic wall thickness is 3mm, the enough strength and rigidity of the frame are ensured, and the light weight of the frame is realized.

Referring to fig. 2, the front end frame 1 may be divided into the following parts: the front longitudinal beam 11, the front shock absorption tower 12, the battery box fixing frame front mounting frame 15 and the front cross beam 16 are symmetrical about the longitudinal plane of the frame. Wherein, the front end frame 1 can be fixedly connected with a support frame 13 and a water tank cross beam 14. Therefore, a plurality of closed loop frame structures of the front end frame 1 are formed, the rigidity of the frame is increased, and the bending resistance and torsion resistance of the frame are facilitated. The front longitudinal beam 11 and the front shock absorption tower 12 are integrally formed and are continuous in the same material. The thin-wall reinforced shell and the triangular longitudinal rib structure of the front shock absorption tower 12 are in transition connection with the front longitudinal beam 11 through round corners. The front shock absorption tower 12 is a key important position of the stress of the frame, the structural strength is increased by the integral forming and the longitudinal ribs, the stress of the front shock absorption tower 12 can be effectively transmitted to the front longitudinal beam 11, and the safety of the frame is improved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the front side frame 11 is a hollow structure with a curved generatrix and a variable cross-section rectangle, and the cross section of the hollow structure increases from front to back along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Limited by the arrangement space of the frame, the section change at the position B is large, and the first reinforcing rib 111 is arranged at the position. The hollow structure realizes the lightweight structure, and the arrangement of the variable cross section and the first reinforcing ribs 111 is favorable for realizing the lightweight design of the structure matching load under the limited space condition, and meanwhile, the structural strength and the stability are improved. The front end, the rear end and the side face of the front longitudinal beam 11 are provided with openings, and a shakeout and sand removal process passage can be provided for the precision investment casting process. The rear end of the front longitudinal beam 11 is fixedly connected with the L-shaped corner of the battery box fixing frame front mounting frame 15, and three edges of the rectangular cross section of the front longitudinal beam 11 are respectively in transitional connection with the upper surface, the lower surface and the outer side surface of the L-shaped corner of the battery box fixing frame front mounting frame 15, so that the force on the front longitudinal beam can be transmitted backwards through the battery box fixing frame and is stable in structure.

Referring to fig. 4, the front shock absorbing tower 12 has a thin-walled semi-cylindrical shell 121, and a plurality of transverse ribs 122 and longitudinal ribs 123 are disposed inside and outside the thin-walled shell 121, so that the front shock absorbing tower has a grid-shaped box structure, and the longitudinal ribs and the transverse ribs and the thin-walled shell 121 are rounded. The front shock absorption tower is an important stress point of the frame, so that the bearing capacity of the shock absorption tower for bearing vertical and impact loads is increased, the strength and rigidity of the shock absorption tower are improved, and the motion space of a shock absorber below the shock absorption tower is met.

Referring to fig. 5, the battery box fixing frame front mounting frame 15 has two L-shaped corners, and two sets of bolt holes 151 are respectively formed at both sides of each corner for bolt connection with the front end and the front side of the battery box frame 2. The battery box fixing frame front mounting frame 15 is of a C-shaped structure, and one side of the opening faces the battery box fixing frame 2. A second reinforcement rib 152 is disposed around the bolt hole 151 to increase the strength of the bolted joint and the structural rigidity of the entire battery case securing frame front mounting bracket 15. The two ends of the front cross beam 16 are respectively connected with the left and right front longitudinal beams 11. The front cross beam 16 is provided with a plurality of mounting brackets and mounting holes for mounting electrical equipment, cable fixing holes and the like, and the universality of the front cross beam 16 is improved. The front cross beam 16 is designed to be hollow at multiple positions, and the structural weight is effectively reduced.

Referring to fig. 6 to 10, the battery box fixing frame 2 has a rectangular frame structure. The front end of the frame is connected with a front end frame 1, the rear end of the frame is connected with a rear end frame 3, and a battery box lower shell 4 is arranged in the frame. The battery box fixing frame 2 is not only a mounting frame of the lower battery box shell 4, but also plays a role of a middle girder of a whole lower frame, the number of parts is reduced by various multifunctional centralized designs, and the weight reduction is realized greatly. Each side of the battery box fixing frame 2 is a hollow beam with a rectangular cross section, a third reinforcing rib 21 is arranged in the beam, a plurality of openings 22 are arranged in the middle of two sides of the beam, the structural strength and rigidity are guaranteed through the design, meanwhile, the structural lightweight is realized, and a necessary process passage is provided for casting. The longitudinal beams and the cross beams of the battery box fixing frame 2 are integrally formed at the corners, and the upper parts of the corners are provided with first large round corners 23, so that the torsional rigidity of the frame and even the whole frame is improved. Two groups of bolt connecting holes 24 are respectively formed in two sides of four corners of the battery box fixing frame 2 and are used for being connected with the front end frame 1 and the rear end frame 3. The bottom of the battery box fixing frame 2 is provided with threaded connecting holes 25 which are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the bottom and used for being connected with the battery box lower shell 4. The battery pack can be detached independently, and replacement and maintenance of the battery pack are facilitated. And the battery box is arranged in the battery box fixing frame, so that the battery box can be protected when the automobile is collided.

Referring to fig. 11, the rear frame 3 may be divided into the following parts: a rear longitudinal beam 31 symmetrical about the longitudinal plane of the frame, a rear shock tower 32, a rear cross beam 33, a battery box fixing frame rear mounting bracket 34 and a second large fillet 35. The rear longitudinal beam 31 and the rear shock tower 32 are connected by a rounded transition. Two triangular rib plates 321 are arranged on the inner side of the rear shock absorption tower 32 and are in fillet transition connection with the rear longitudinal beam 31, so that the strength of the rear shock absorption tower 32 and the connection strength of the rear shock absorption tower 32 and the rear longitudinal beam 31 are increased. The rear longitudinal beam 31 is a hollow beam with a rectangular cross section, and the front end of the rear longitudinal beam 31 is provided with a space curve bus and is connected with an L-shaped corner of the battery box fixing frame rear mounting frame 34. The rear shock absorber tower 32 can be divided into a curved tower top, a tower body and a reinforcing rib plate 321. The top of the tower is provided with a group of connecting holes for connecting with the shock absorber of the suspension system. The two ends of the rear cross beam 33 are respectively lapped on the two rear longitudinal beams 31 through second large fillets 35, and the torsional rigidity of the rear frame can be obviously improved. The battery box fixing frame rear mounting frame 34 has two L-shaped corners, and two sides of each corner are respectively provided with a group of bolt connecting holes for connecting with the battery box fixing frame 2.

Referring to fig. 12, the battery case lower case 4 is divided into a case main body 41 and a mounting structure 42, and the mounting structure 42 surrounds the case main body 41 by one turn and is connected to the lower surface of the case main body 41. The mounting structure 42 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes for connecting with the battery box fixing frame 2. The design saves the space at the lower part of the frame and ensures the maximized ground clearance.

Although the utility model has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the utility model. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile lower part frame, its characterized in that, casing under including front end frame, battery box fixed frame, rear end frame and battery box, casing under front end frame, battery box fixed frame, rear end frame, the battery box is thin wall aluminum alloy spare, the front end frame is located battery box fixed frame's the place ahead, and four bolt group spiro union are passed through to the front end frame and the front portion side of battery box frame, the rear end frame is located the rear of battery box fixed frame, and the rear end frame passes through four bolt group spiro unions with the rear portion side of battery box frame, the casing is located inside the battery box fixed frame under the battery box, and the casing passes through a bottom a week screw connection with the battery box frame under the battery box.

2. The lower frame of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the front end frame comprises a front longitudinal beam, a front damping tower, a front battery box fixing frame mounting rack, a front cross beam, a support frame and a water tank cross beam which are symmetrical about a longitudinal plane of the frame, the front longitudinal beam and the front damping tower are integrally formed, the rear end of the front longitudinal beam is fixedly connected with an L-shaped corner of the front battery box fixing frame mounting rack, two ends of the front cross beam are respectively fixedly connected with the left front longitudinal beam and the right front longitudinal beam, and the support frame and the water tank cross beam are fixedly connected with the front end frame.

3. The lower frame of the electric automobile according to claim 2, wherein the front longitudinal beam is a hollow structural beam with a curved bus and a variable cross section rectangle, the cross section of the hollow structural beam is changed from small to large from front to back, and openings are formed in the front end, the back end and the side faces of the front longitudinal beam on the left side and the right side; the front damping tower is a thin-wall reinforced shell and a structure with triangular longitudinal ribs inside, and is in transition connection with the front longitudinal beam through a fillet; the battery box fixing frame is characterized in that the front mounting frame of the battery box fixing frame is provided with two L-shaped corners, and two sides of each corner are respectively provided with two groups of bolt holes; the front cross beam is provided with a mounting bracket and a mounting hole and is provided with a hollow design.

4. The lower frame of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery box fixing frame is a rectangular frame structure, the longitudinal beams and the cross beams of the battery box fixing frame are integrally formed at the corners, and the upper parts of the corners are provided with large round corners.

5. The lower frame of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams of the battery box fixing frame are hollow beams with rectangular cross sections, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the beams, and a plurality of openings are formed in the middle of the outer sides of the beams.

6. The lower frame of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the rear frame comprises a rear longitudinal beam, a rear shock absorption tower, a rear cross beam and a rear mounting frame of the battery box fixing frame, the rear longitudinal beam, the rear shock absorption tower and the rear shock absorption tower are symmetrical about a longitudinal plane of the frame, the rear longitudinal beam and the rear shock absorption tower are connected through a fillet transition, the rear longitudinal beam is a hollow beam with a rectangular cross section, a space curve bus is arranged at the front end of the rear longitudinal beam and is connected with corners of the rear mounting frame of the battery box fixing frame, and two ends of the rear cross beam are respectively fixed on the left rear longitudinal beam and the right rear longitudinal beam.

7. The lower frame of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rear shock absorption tower has two triangular rib plates inside and in transition connection with the round corners of the rear longitudinal beams, the two ends of the rear cross beam are respectively overlapped on the two rear longitudinal beams through the large round corners, the rear mounting frame of the battery box fixing frame has two L-shaped corners, and two sides of each corner are respectively provided with a set of bolt connecting holes.

8. The lower frame of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower housing of the battery box comprises a housing body and a mounting structure, the mounting structure surrounds the housing body and is connected with the lower surface of the housing body, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the mounting structure and are used for being connected with the fixing frame of the battery box.

9. The electric vehicle lower frame according to claim 1, wherein the battery box lower case main body is located inside the battery box fixing frame.

10. An electric vehicle chassis comprising the electric vehicle lower frame according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images