CN215952630U

CN215952630U - Domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device based on STM32

Info

Publication number: CN215952630U
Application number: CN202121315509.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 游国栋; 李飞; 郝世诚; 张鑫
Original assignee: Tianjin University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Tianjin University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-11
Filing date: 2021-06-11
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-11

Abstract

The utility model provides an STM 32-based household photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device, which relates to the technical field of environment detection and mainly comprises an STM32 microprocessor, an environment detection module, a power supply module, a WIFI module, a display screen, an indicator lamp, an electronic switch circuit, a buzzer and an air-cooled heat dissipation device; the environment detection module comprises a plurality of sensors which are all connected with the STM32 microprocessor and used for detecting the temperature, the humidity and the dust of the environment of the inverter and detecting whether leakage current exists in the shell of the inverter or not and transmitting the detected data to a data receiving end from a data transmitting end; the STM32 microprocessor processes the received information and displays the information on the display screen, and if the environmental parameters around the inverter are abnormal, the processor sends a signal to take corresponding measures; the utility model has low cost, high safety performance and capability of timely finding the inverter environment when the inverter environment is abnormal, and monitoring real-time data of the inverter environment.

Description

Domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device based on STM32

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device based on STM32, and belongs to the technical field of inverter environment monitoring.

Background

The environment monitoring of the household photovoltaic inverter is a process for monitoring the temperature, humidity and other parameter conditions in the environment where the household photovoltaic inverter is located. At present, new energy power generation in the world enters a new development period, particularly, solar power generation enters a rapid development stage, energy requirements are very high in a population country of China, solar power generation also enters thousands of households nowadays, clean energy is brought to people, particularly in the north of people, but urban buildings are not beneficial to family individual installation, so that users mostly live in rural areas, the cognition of the users on photovoltaic power generation is not high, and the management cannot be carried out at ordinary times. The inverter in the household photovoltaic power generation is very important, high-temperature load reduction can be caused when the temperature in the inverter is too high, the power generation efficiency is influenced, and the service life of the inverter can be prolonged. In rainy weather and other factors, the air humidity is high, which may cause the air humidity inside the inverter to exceed the threshold value, resulting in circuit damage. And because the inverter is installed outdoors, in the north of China, the air quality is not good, the dust raising weather can appear, and the dust can be accumulated on the inverter after a long time, which can cause electrical malfunction, short circuit and the like, and can also influence the heat dissipation of the inverter, thereby causing great harm to the safe operation of the inverter. There is also a leakage current condition that is not inadvertent, and if a leakage current condition occurs, it may cause an unimaginable injury to a human body, and therefore, there is a need for an intuitive inverter environment monitoring apparatus.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device based on STM32, which can monitor the inverter environment in real time and know the environment state of the inverter more intuitively.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a domestic photovoltaic inverter environmental monitoring device based on STM32, including the data sending end, data receiving terminal and power module 1, wherein the data sending end includes environmental detection module 2, the electronic switch circuit, air-cooled heat abstractor 3, the first STM32 microprocessor 4, the first WIFI module 5, wherein environmental detection module 2 includes the leakage current sensor, the dust sensor, humidity transducer, temperature sensor all links to each other with first STM32 microprocessor 4, the first WIFI module 5 links to each other with first STM32 microprocessor 4, air-cooled heat abstractor 3 links to each other with the electronic switch circuit, the electronic switch circuit links to each other with first STM32 microprocessor 4; the data receiving end comprises a second WIFI module 6, a second STM32 microprocessor 7, a display screen 8, an indicator light 9, an electronic switch circuit and a buzzer 10, wherein the second WIFI module 6, the display screen 8 and the indicator light 9 are connected with the second STM32 microprocessor 7, and the buzzer 10 is connected with the electronic switch circuit; the power module 1 is connected with the output end of the inverter, and a battery does not need to be added independently, so that the cost is saved.

Power module 1 be with domestic solar energy as the power, then the voltage reduction of power and form stable direct current through voltage stabilizing circuit, to first STM32 microprocessor, second STM32 microprocessor, the environment detection module, the display screen, the LED pilot lamp, bee calling organ, air-cooled heat abstractor etc. supplies power, this module can be when input voltage produces undulant or load produces the change, still can let output voltage remain stable, can guarantee the device normal work of this application, and avoid unusual voltage fluctuation to harm the component, the security of device has been strengthened, reliability and stability.

The model that first STM32 microprocessor and second STM32 microprocessor used all is STM32F103C8T6, STM32F103C8T6 integrated DMA controller, AD/DA converter, quick I/O mouth and multiple communication port, built-in power management circuit, the power is low, and is with low costs, and the functioning speed is fast, can be fine accomplish the high-speed communication between each module, better completion anticipated function.

The environment detection module comprises a leakage current sensor, a dust sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, wherein the model of the leakage current sensor is KHCT91, the model of the dust sensor is PMS5003S, the model of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor is DHT11, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor can be used respectively, the leakage current sensor can detect whether leakage current exists on the surface of an inverter body, the dust sensor is used for detecting the dust concentration in the inverter, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are used for detecting the temperature and humidity parameters of the inversion environment and transmitting the data to a data receiving end by a data transmitting end, a first STM32 microprocessor converts analog signals obtained by detection into digital signals and processes the digital signals, and finally the data are displayed on a display screen to ensure that a user knows the environmental information of the inverter in real time, if a leakage current condition is detected, the second STM32 microprocessor sends a signal to make the red LED light flash and the buzzer sounds; if the detected temperature or humidity exceeds the preset threshold value, the second STM32 microprocessor sends a signal to enable the corresponding LED lamp to be turned on and the air-cooled heat dissipation device to start working, and when the temperature or humidity is reduced to the normal range, the air-cooled heat dissipation device gradually stops working; if the dust is detected to be excessive, the second STM32 microprocessor sends a signal to enable the yellow LED lamp to be turned on, and enables the inverter environment dust information displayed on the display screen to be displayed abnormally, so that a user is prompted.

The first WIFI module and the second WIFI module both adopt ESP8266WIFI modules, the ESP8266 is a UART-WIFI transparent transmission module with ultra-low power consumption, the price is low, the power consumption is low, the performance is stable, and the data transmitting end and the data receiving end are formed by adopting the two ESPs 8266, so that the problem of wiring at home is solved, and the indoor attractiveness of a user home is prevented from being influenced by a line.

The electronic switch circuit can control a heavy current load by using a small current output by the microprocessor through the triode.

The buzzer is used for sounding, the light emitting diode is used for achieving the function of flicker reminding, when the environmental parameter of the inverter exceeds the set range, the buzzer sounds, and the light emitting diode flickers to remind a user.

The air-cooled heat dissipation device is used for reducing the temperature or the humidity by working when the ambient temperature or the humidity parameter of the inverter exceeds a threshold value, and the air-cooled heat dissipation device is installed in an adsorption mode, can be adsorbed on the surface of the inverter, does not need to be provided with holes on the inverter, and is simple and safe to install.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the inverter environment state is monitored, whether the inverter environment state is abnormal or not is known through the indicating lamps with different colors, the inverter environment condition can be known in real time through the display screen, the inverter is prevented from being subjected to high-temperature load reduction due to overhigh temperature through temperature control, the power generation efficiency is prevented from being influenced, and the service life of the inverter can be prolonged; the environmental humidity is controlled to prevent the air humidity inside the inverter from exceeding a threshold value to cause the damage of a circuit; because the inverter is installed outdoors, especially in the north of China, the air quality is not good, and bad weather such as raise dust can appear, and the time is a long time, can have the dust to pile up on the inverter, can cause electric maloperation, short circuit etc. probably, still can influence its heat dissipation, causes very big harm to its safe operation, when the dust is too much, can remind the user. And the leakage current condition is avoided, unimaginable damage can be caused to a human body if the leakage current condition occurs, and once the leakage current condition occurs, a user can be reminded, so that the safety is improved. According to the utility model, the environment condition of the inverter is more intuitive.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection between a power module of a data sending end and other components according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection between a data receiving terminal power module and other components according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ESP8266WIFI module connected to an STM32 microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the electronic switching circuit with a second STM32 microprocessor and buzzer in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the electronic switching circuit to the first STM32 microprocessor and the air-cooled heat sink in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: power module 1, environmental detection module 2, electronic switch circuit, first STM32 microprocessor 4, first WIFI module 5, second WIFI module 6, second STM32 microprocessor 7, display screen 8, pilot lamp 9, bee calling organ 10.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purpose and the efficacy of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described with reference to the specific drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device based on STM32, including the data sending end, data receiving terminal and power module 1, wherein the data sending end includes environmental detection module 2, the electronic switch circuit, air-cooled heat abstractor 3, a STM32 microprocessor 4, a WIFI module 5, wherein environmental detection module 2 includes the leakage current sensor, the dust sensor, humidity transducer, temperature sensor all links to each other with a STM32 microprocessor 4, a WIFI module 5 links to each other with a STM32 microprocessor 4, air-cooled heat abstractor 3 links to each other with the electronic switch circuit, the electronic switch circuit links to each other with a STM32 microprocessor 4; the data receiving end comprises a second WIFI module 6, a second STM32 microprocessor 7, a display screen 8, an indicator light 9, an electronic switch circuit and a buzzer 10, wherein the second WIFI module 6, the display screen 8 and the indicator light 9 are connected with the second STM32 microprocessor 7, and the buzzer 10 is connected with the electronic switch circuit; the power module 1 is connected with the output end of the inverter.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the power module 1 in this embodiment uses household solar energy as a power source, and then supplies power to other devices through a voltage stabilizing circuit, and this module can keep output voltage stable when input voltage fluctuates or load changes, so as to ensure normal operation of the device of this application, avoid abnormal voltage fluctuations from damaging elements, and enhance safety, reliability and stability of the device. In the data sending end, a solar power supply is connected with a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is respectively connected with a first STM32 microprocessor 4, an environment monitoring module 2 and an air-cooled heat radiating device 3; and a solar power supply in the data receiving end is connected with a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is respectively connected with a second STM32 microprocessor 7, a display screen 8, an indicator light 9 and a buzzer 10. The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises an on-off switch SW, an electrolytic capacitor C1, an electrolytic capacitor C2, a light emitting diode D and a voltage stabilizing chip, wherein one end of the on-off switch SW is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a power supply and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is grounded, the other end of the on-off switch SW is respectively connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip and the anode of the light emitting diode D, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D is grounded. Electrolytic capacitor C2's positive pole is connected to the output of steady voltage chip, electrolytic capacitor C2's negative pole ground connection, and each sensor, air-cooled heat abstractor, display screen, pilot lamp and the bee calling organ in first STM32 microprocessor, second STM32 microprocessor, the environment detection module are still connected respectively to the output of steady voltage chip. The output of steady voltage chip is connected with the anodal feed end of first STM32 microprocessor, the anodal feed end of second STM32 microprocessor, air-cooled heat abstractor's anodal input, the anodal input of leakage current sensor, the anodal input of dust sensor, the anodal input of temperature and humidity sensor, the anodal input of display screen, the anodal input of pilot lamp, the anodal input of bee calling organ. The negative pole input of first STM32 microprocessor, the negative pole input of second STM32 microprocessor, the negative pole end of leakage current sensor, the negative pole end of dust sensor, the negative pole end of temperature and humidity sensor, the negative pole end of display screen, the negative pole end of instruction and the negative pole end of bee calling organ and air-cooled heat abstractor's negative pole end ground connection respectively, power module negative pole ground connection.

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of connection between an ESP8266WIFI module and an STM32 microprocessor, a VCC pin and a CH _ PD pin of the ESP8266 are connected to a VDD pin of an STM32F103C8T6 to access a 3.3V power supply, a GND pin of the ESP8266 is connected to a VSS pin of the STM32F103C8T6 to be grounded, and a TX pin and an RX pin of the ESP8266 are connected to a PA3 pin and a PA2 pin of the STM32F103C8T6, respectively.

The model of used first STM32 microprocessor and second STM32 microprocessor is STM32F103C8T6 in this embodiment, STM32F103C8T6 integrated DMA controller, AD/DA converter, quick IO mouth and multiple communication port, built-in power management circuit, and is low in power, and is with low costs, and the functioning speed is fast, the high-speed communication between each module of completion that can be fine, abundant inside peripheral hardware resource has simultaneously, can simplify the peripheral circuit of this device greatly, and the stability of this device has been improved, the anticipated function of better completion.

The model of used leakage current sensor is KHCT91 in this embodiment, and stability is good, and the installation is simple, and this sensor is used for detecting the inverter body surface and whether appear the leakage current condition, because in case the leakage current condition appears, and the user does not know again, and the potential safety hazard is very big. When a leakage current occurs, the microprocessor can respond to the information of the sensor, and sends a signal to enable the buzzer to sound and enable the corresponding indicator light to flicker.

The model of the dust sensor used in the embodiment is PMS5003S, and the dust sensor is used for detecting the dust concentration in the inverter and transmitting information to a second STM32 microprocessor of a data receiving end from a data transmitting end, if the dust exceeds a threshold value too much, the information is displayed on a display screen, and a signal is sent out to enable a yellow LED lamp to be lightened, so that a user is prompted.

In this embodiment, in order to save cost and achieve the desired effect, a temperature and humidity sensor of DHT11 is used for detecting temperature and humidity. The temperature and humidity sensor of the DHT11 model can detect temperature and humidity and output signals to the first STM32 microprocessor 4 of the data sending end, so that the number of the sensors can be reduced, and the setting cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 5, the output of second STM32 microprocessor 7 is connected with electronic switch circuit, bee calling organ 10 passes through electronic switch circuit connection second STM32 microprocessor 7, electronic switch circuit includes resistance R and triode Q, the output of second STM32 microprocessor 7 is connected to resistance R's one end, triode Q's base level is connected to the other end, bee calling organ 10's negative pole is connected to triode Q's collecting electrode, triode Q's projecting pole ground connection, bee calling organ 10's positive pole is connected power module 1 positive pole. When judging that the current inverter environment parameter exceeds the threshold value, the second STM32 microprocessor 7 outputs a control signal to the triode Q, and the triode Q is conducted to enable the buzzer 10 to be alarmed, so that a user can know that the current inverter environment is abnormal.

As shown in fig. 6, the air-cooled heat sink 3 and the buzzer 10 are connected in a similar manner in this embodiment.

The display screen 8, the indicator light 9 and the electronic switch circuit are respectively connected with different output ends of the second STM32 microprocessor 7.

As shown in FIG. 5, this domestic photovoltaic inverter environmental monitoring device based on STM32 sets up in indoor, installs according to actual conditions, and accessible common mounting is fixed on indoor wall such as bolt, sticky tape, also can directly arrange in indoorly. The data receiving end is fixedly arranged in a shell through a PCB, wherein an on-off switch SW of the electronic switch circuit extends out of the shell. The data transmitting terminals are arranged on the inverter and are connected according to the connection mode given above.

The environment monitoring device can monitor the environment condition of the household photovoltaic inverter in real time, and a user can know the environment condition of the household photovoltaic inverter in real time through the display screen. This environmental monitoring device not only detects temperature and humidity, can detect the dust condition in the dc-to-ac converter and the leakage current condition of the face of inverter body just moreover to make the control of inverter environment more comprehensive, it is more effective to the control of inverter environment.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a domestic photovoltaic inverter environmental monitoring device based on STM32 which characterized in that: the data transmission system comprises a data transmission end, a data receiving end and a power module (1), wherein the data transmission end comprises an environment detection module (2), an electronic switch circuit, an air-cooled heat dissipation device (3), a first STM32 microprocessor (4) and a first WIFI module (5), wherein the environment detection module (2) comprises a leakage current sensor, a dust sensor, a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor is connected with a first STM32 microprocessor (4), the first WIFI module (5) is connected with the first STM32 microprocessor (4), the air-cooled heat dissipation device (3) is connected with the electronic switch circuit, and the electronic switch circuit is connected with the first STM32 microprocessor (4); the data receiving end comprises a second WIFI module (6), a second STM32 microprocessor (7), a display screen (8), an indicator lamp (9), an electronic switch circuit and a buzzer (10), wherein the second WIFI module (6), the display screen (8), the indicator lamp (9) and the electronic switch circuit are connected with the second STM32 microprocessor (7), and the buzzer (10) is connected with the electronic switch circuit; the power module (1) is connected with the output end of the inverter.

2. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the power module (1) takes household solar energy as a power supply.

3. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the environment detection module (2) comprises a leakage current sensor, a dust sensor, a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor; the model of the leakage current sensor is KHCT91, the model of the dust sensor is PMS5003S, and the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are low-cost temperature and humidity sensors of DHT 11.

4. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the air-cooled heat dissipation device (3) consists of 4 fans and works when the temperature or the humidity of the inverter exceeds a set threshold value.

5. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the first STM32 microprocessor (4) and the second STM32 microprocessor (7) both adopt a low-power-consumption processor with the model number of STM32F103C8T 6.

6. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the first WIFI module (5) and the second WIFI module (6) are ultra-low power consumption WIFI modules of ESP8266 types.

7. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the model of the display screen (8) is a 4-inch liquid crystal display screen of UE040WV-RH 45-L026.

8. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the indicating lamp (9) is 4 LED lamps with different colors, which are respectively red, yellow, green and orange.

9. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the electronic switch circuit realizes that the small current output by the microprocessor is used for controlling the large current load through the triode.

10. The STM 32-based domestic photovoltaic inverter environment monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the buzzer (10) is of a PKLCS1212E4001-R1 type.