CN215947422U - Non-contact electrolytic bath crust breaking and feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a non-contact electrolytic bath crust breaking and feeding device. The device is characterized in that a crust breaking cylinder is mounted on a groove frame, two sides of the crust breaking cylinder are respectively provided with a blanking sleeve cylinder, a telescopic rod of the blanking sleeve cylinder is connected with a push rod, the other end of the push rod is fixedly mounted on a mounting plate, the crust breaking cylinder is connected with a hammer head rod, the end part of the hammer head rod is provided with a hammer head, the mounting plate is fixedly provided with a material sleeve, the hammer head rod and the hammer head penetrate through the mounting plate and extend into the material sleeve, the lower part of the material sleeve is fixedly provided with a blanking inclined tube, and the other end of the blanking inclined tube is communicated with a material groove feeding tube. The device is provided with two sets of cylinder driving systems, one set is a blanking sleeve cylinder for controlling the blanking sleeve to move up and down, and the other set is a crust breaking cylinder for controlling the hammer to move up and down.

Description

Non-contact electrolytic bath crust breaking and feeding device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of machinery, in particular to a non-contact type electrolytic bath crust breaking and feeding device.

Background

The aluminum electrolysis cell is a main device for producing electrolytic aluminum, and the electrolytic aluminum is aluminum obtained by electrolyzing alumina powder. The prior art of electrolytic aluminum industrial production adopts cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis. The molten cryolite is solvent, alumina is solute, carbosome is anode, aluminium liquid is cathode, strong direct current is introduced, electrochemical reaction is carried out on two poles in the electrolytic cell at 950-970 ℃, namely electrolysis. The production process of aluminum electrolysis is carried out under the high-temperature thermal equilibrium state, alumina powder is added into an electrolyte liquid molten pool of an electrolytic cell, aluminum liquid is generated at a cathode through direct current electrolysis, and carbon oxide gas is replaced by overflowing at an anode.

In the production process of electrolytic aluminum, a covering electrolytic shell 7 is generated on the surface of an electrolytic bath 14, in order to continuously produce aluminum, alumina powder 8 is continuously and periodically added into the electrolytic bath, a crust breaking device is required to break the crust on the surface of the electrolytic bath 14 before the alumina powder 8 is added, a hole which is called a fire hole in the industry is formed, and then the alumina powder 8 is added into the hole. The working process of the electrolytic aluminum crust breaking feeding device in the prior art is that the hammer head 9 and the feeding pipe 15 are separated, the crust breaking hammer head 9 adopts a long-stroke and large-cylinder-diameter crust breaking cylinder 3, when feeding is needed, the crust breaking cylinder 3 obtains a control command, the crust breaking cylinder 3 drives the hammer head 9 to move downwards to impact an electrolytic shell 7 on the surface of an electrolytic bath 14, a hole (commonly known as a fire hole in the industry) is punched, then the crust breaking cylinder 3 is reversed to drive the hammer head 9 to return to the original position, the feeding device obtains the situation that the crust breaking work is completed and begins to discharge, and the alumina powder 8 flows to the fire hole along the feeding pipe 15 and enters the electrolytic bath 14 to complete a feeding process. This process is crust breaking and then charging, so the name of the device is called crust breaking and charging device (see fig. 4-6). Therefore, the stroke of the cylinder 3 determines the relative position of the crust breaking hammer head 9 and the crust of the electrolytic bath 14, and the height of the electrolytic bath 7 is determined by the electrolyte added into the electrolytic bath, namely the height of the electrolytic bath 7 is different, in addition, the old and new lengths of the crust breaking hammer head 9 are different, the new length is shorter, the old abrasion caused by striking is shorter, therefore, the process of striking the electrolytic bath 7 by the hammer head 9 is constantly changed, and the process causes the following problems: 1. under the condition of the same incrustation height, the worn short hammer 9 cannot penetrate the electrolytic shell 7, a fire hole cannot be formed, and newly added alumina powder 8 stays outside the incrustation and cannot be melted into electrolyte liquid to participate in electrolysis; 2. after the new hammer 9 is replaced, the hammer 9 is long, at the moment, the hammer 9 can not only open the electrolytic shell 7, but also continue to move forward and be inserted into the electrolyte, and because the temperature in the molten pool can reach 970 ℃, the part of the hammer 9 entering the electrolyte is heated by the high-temperature electrolyte, the strength of the electrolyte is reduced, and the hammer 9 generates friction with the hole breaking the electrolytic shell 7 when being withdrawn, so that abrasion is caused. More seriously, the hammer head can be lengthened (namely, the electrolyte is adhered to the hammer head 9), the acting force required by the ascending and returning of the hammer head 9 is increased, the ascending speed of the hammer head 9 is slowed down, the time for immersing the hammer head 9 into the electrolyte is longer, and the damage to the hammer head 9 is quicker; 3. in order to ensure the continuous operation of the electrolytic aluminum, a large number of electrolytic cell nursing workers are required to be arranged, and the problems generated in the electrolytic production process are monitored and processed continuously, so that the labor intensity of the workers is increased, and the production benefit of the electrolytic aluminum is reduced; 4. the metal abraded by the hammer head 9 is also remained at the cathode after entering the electrolyte solution, so that the electrolyzed aluminum liquid contains the hammer head metal, the purity of the aluminum is reduced, and the quality of the aluminum is influenced; 5. the crust breaking cylinder 3 has a fixed cylinder diameter and a fixed stroke, and the gas source is sufficient, the gas consumption is large, and the environmental protection and the production cost are high on the premise of ensuring the successful crust breaking.

In view of the above problems, manufacturers in the electrolytic aluminum industry are continuously seeking solutions, and the current more common solutions are: 1. the mounting height of the crust breaking cylinder is adjusted to meet the requirements of different electrolyte crusts and the lengths of the striking hammers, so that the crust breaking hammers are guaranteed to just open the crusts and use up the stroke of the cylinder; 2. the method adopts a mode of controlling the stroke of a cylinder by a so-called intelligent cylinder so as to control the depth and time of the crust breaking hammer head entering electrolyte (in the prior art, two control modes of a gas pressure signal and an electric signal are adopted); 3. the alloy hammer head which is high-grade and precious and can resist the working environment is adopted, so that the service life of the hammer head is prolonged.

The methods are all improvements on the operation process of the prior art, and although the improvements have a plurality of positive effects, the process that the crust breaking hammer enters the high-temperature electrolyte liquid cannot be changed, only the control on the amount and the bearing capacity of the high-temperature electrolyte liquid entering the hammer is made, and the effects of the high-temperature electrolyte liquid on the hammer are not isolated fundamentally, so that the aim of protecting the hammer is not achieved truly.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a non-contact type electrolytic bath crust breaking and feeding device. The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: and adopting a non-contact crust breaking and feeding mode, and reversing the crust breaking and feeding processes. I.e. first feeding and then breaking the crust with a plug of material. The specific scheme is that a material sleeve capable of moving up and down is installed in front of a vertical head, when materials need to be fed, the material sleeve is pushed to the surface of a crust, needed alumina powder is added into the material sleeve, an alumina material column with a certain height is formed at the end part of the material sleeve, the crust breaking hammer head is used for impacting the alumina material column, and after the alumina material column breaks an electrolytic crust, the alumina powder of the material column enters an electrolytic bath of an electrolytic tank along the same direction.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a non-contact type electrolytic cell molten bath crust breaking and feeding device, comprising: the device comprises a tank frame, a discharging sleeve cylinder, a crust breaking cylinder, a tank feeding pipe, a discharging inclined pipe, a material sleeve, a hammer head rod, a mounting plate, a push rod and a telescopic rod.

The blanking sleeve cylinder and the crust breaking cylinder in the device are respectively communicated with a pneumatic unit in a control chamber through air pipes.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following positive effects:

1. the device is provided with two sets of cylinder driving systems, one set is a blanking sleeve cylinder for controlling the upper and lower movements of a blanking sleeve, and the other set is a crust breaking cylinder for controlling the upper and lower movements of a hammer head;

2. the blanking sleeve cylinder of the device adopts a cylinder with long stroke and small cylinder diameter, so that the driving force is not large, the electrolytic shell cannot be damaged, and a space for storing materials is formed between the crust breaking hammer head and the electrolytic shell;

3. the crust breaking cylinder configured by the device has short stroke, large cylinder diameter and large driving force, can break through crust on the surface of the electrolytic cell, and the alumina material column can enter the molten bath of the electrolytic cell along the through hole;

4. when the device is used, the crust breaking hammer indirectly acts on the crust surface of the electrolytic bath, cannot contact with the electrolytic bath and further cannot enter a high-temperature molten pool, the high temperature of the molten pool and the broken crust edge are not in contact relation with the hammer, and the performance of the hammer is not influenced;

5. the device simple structure, convenient operation greatly protects the tup, makes the life of tup theoretically not influenced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the charging state of a non-contact type electrolytic bath crust breaking charging device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crust breaking state of a non-contact type electrolytic bath crust breaking and feeding device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an initial state of a non-contact type electrolytic bath crust breaking charging device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an initial state of a prior art crust breaking and charging apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a crust breaking state of a crust breaking and feeding device in the prior art;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the charging state of the crust breaking and charging device in the prior art.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a tank frame, 2, a feeding sleeve cylinder, 3, a crust breaking cylinder, 4, a tank feeding pipe, 5, a feeding inclined pipe, 6, a material sleeve, 7, an electrolytic shell, 8, alumina powder, 9, a hammer head, 10, a hammer head rod, 11, a mounting plate, 12, a push rod, 13, a telescopic rod, 14, an electrolytic bath molten pool, 15 and a feeding pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the utility model is further clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to attached drawings 1-3, a crust breaking cylinder 3 is arranged on a tank bracket 1, a blanking sleeve cylinder 2 is respectively arranged on two sides of the crust breaking cylinder 3, an expansion link 13 of the blanking sleeve cylinder 2 is connected with a push rod 12, the other end of the push rod 2 is fixedly arranged on a mounting plate 11, the crust breaking cylinder 3 is connected with a hammer head rod 10, a hammer head 9 is arranged at the end part of the hammer head rod 10, a material sleeve 6 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 11, the hammer head rod 10 and the hammer head 9 penetrate through the mounting plate 11 and extend into the material sleeve 6, a blanking inclined tube 5 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the material sleeve 6, and the other end of the blanking inclined tube 5 is communicated with a material tank feeding tube 4.

In the device, a feeding sleeve cylinder 2 and a crust breaking cylinder 3 are respectively communicated with a pneumatic unit in a control chamber through air pipes.

When not charging, the crust breaking device is in the home position (see fig. 3). When a control room receives a command of feeding, the feeding sleeve cylinder 2 arranged on the tank frame 1 is controlled to act first, the telescopic rod 13 on the feeding sleeve cylinder 2 pushes the push rod 12 to move the mounting plate 11 and the feeding sleeve 6 connected with the push rod to the surface of the electrolytic shell 7, and as the feeding sleeve cylinder 2 adopts a cylinder with long stroke and small cylinder diameter, the driving force is not large, and the crusting can not be damaged. At the moment, a space for storing materials is formed between the hammer 9 and the electrolytic shell 7 in the material sleeve 6, and the alumina powder 8 enters the storage space through the material groove feeding pipe 4 and the blanking inclined pipe 5 to form a material column. After the discharging is finished, a signal is sent, the control room sends an instruction to the crust breaking cylinder 3, the crust breaking cylinder 3 obtains a crust breaking command, the crust breaking cylinder 3 drives the hammer head rod 10 to drive the hammer head 9 to move downwards to strike the upper surface of the stock column, and the crust breaking cylinder 3 is provided with a cylinder with short stroke, large cylinder diameter and large driving force, so that the electrolytic shell 7 on the surface of the electrolytic bath 14 can be punched, and the stock column can enter the electrolytic bath 14 along the punched hole. The crust breaking cylinder 3 sends a signal after completing the crust breaking stroke and returning to the original position, the control room sends an instruction, the discharging sleeve cylinder 2 drives the telescopic rod 13 and the push rod 12 to drive the mounting plate 11 and the material sleeve 6 to return to the original position, and one-time crust breaking and feeding work is completed.

The above description is only a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, and many embodiments can be derived, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept and without making creative efforts, and these embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A non-contact type electrolytic cell molten bath crust breaking and feeding device, comprising: tank tower (1), unloading cover cylinder (2), crust breaking cylinder (3), silo charge tube (4), unloading pipe chute (5), material cover (6), tup (9), tup pole (10), mounting panel (11), push rod (12), telescopic link (13), its characterized in that: the device is characterized in that a crust breaking cylinder (3) is arranged on a groove frame (1), a discharging sleeve cylinder (2) is arranged on each of two sides of the crust breaking cylinder (3), a telescopic rod (13) of the discharging sleeve cylinder (2) is connected with a push rod (12), the other end of the push rod (12) is fixedly arranged on a mounting plate (11), the crust breaking cylinder (3) is connected with a hammer head rod (10), a hammer head (9) is arranged at the end of the hammer head rod (10), a material sleeve (6) is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate (11), the hammer head rod (10) and the hammer head (9) penetrate through the mounting plate (11) and extend into the material sleeve (6), a discharging inclined tube (5) is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the material sleeve (6), and the other end of the discharging inclined tube (5) is communicated with a material groove feeding tube (4).

2. A non-contact cell bath crust breaker charging apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the device, a feeding sleeve cylinder (2) and a crust breaking cylinder (3) are respectively communicated with a pneumatic unit in a control chamber through air pipes.

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