CN215947179U - Raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system - Google Patents
Raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215947179U CN215947179U CN202122230298.3U CN202122230298U CN215947179U CN 215947179 U CN215947179 U CN 215947179U CN 202122230298 U CN202122230298 U CN 202122230298U CN 215947179 U CN215947179 U CN 215947179U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system, and relates to the field of raw coal pyrolysis equipment. The raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system comprises a pyrolysis square furnace, a fuel return device, a steam-water separation device and a micro-positive pressure control device, wherein the inlet end of the fuel return device is connected with a hydrogen production system, and the outlet end of the fuel return device is connected with the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace; a cooling section of the pyrolysis square furnace is provided with a waste heat recovery device, and the waste heat recovery device comprises a heat exchange pipeline; the steam-water separator is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline, and the steam outlet end of the steam-water separator is connected with the steam pipe network; the micro-positive pressure control device is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis square furnace and can control the furnace top of the pyrolysis square furnace to keep micro-positive pressure all the time. The raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system provided by the utility model not only realizes the utilization of the byproduct desorbed gas, increases the quantity of the delivered gas, effectively reduces the oxygen content in the gas, can ensure the stable operation of the hydrogen production process, but also realizes the recovery and utilization of the waste heat in the semicoke cooling process.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to coal pyrolysis equipment technical field, especially relates to a raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system.
Background
Because the raw coal has the characteristics of high moisture, high ash content, low calorific value and the like, the direct utilization difficulty of the raw coal is high, and the raw coal needs to be converted into a clean coal product with a clean and high calorific value through pyrolysis so as to realize the efficient utilization of raw coal resources. The raw coal pyrolysis is a process technology for heating under the condition of air isolation to generate pyrolysis gas, coal tar, semicoke and other products through decomposition reaction, and equipment for realizing the raw coal pyrolysis is a pyrolysis system consisting of a pyrolysis furnace and related auxiliary devices.
At present, a pyrolysis system generally adopts a pyrolysis square furnace, the pyrolysis square furnace is generally divided into a drying section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section, and the process of raw coal pyrolysis is as follows: the raw coal entering the pyrolysis square furnace is dried by circulating hot flue gas in a drying section and heated to 150 ℃, the dried raw coal enters a dry distillation section and is heated to 550-650 ℃ by hot gas flow to carry out thermal decomposition to generate products such as coal gas, coal tar, coke and the like, wherein the generated coke enters a cooling section, is cooled after dry quenching and is output and conveyed.
However, the fuel used by the coal pyrolysis system mainly comes from hydrogen-containing coal gas which is a byproduct of the dry distillation or pyrolysis of the return coal, so that the gas quantity of the external coal gas is greatly reduced, the gas output benefit is influenced, and the waste of the coal gas is caused. Meanwhile, the semicoke is quenched by a wet method or dry quenching in the cooling process, so that a large amount of heat loss and waste are caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides a raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system, has solved current coal pyrolysis system heat loss in the semicoke cooling process in a large number and extravagant to and the low technical problem of the volume of delivering outward of production coal gas.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a pyrolysis square furnace, a fuel return device, a steam-water separator and a micro-positive pressure control device;
the inlet end of the fuel returning device is connected with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen production system, and the outlet end of the fuel returning device is connected with the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace;
a waste heat recovery device is arranged at a cooling section of the pyrolysis square furnace and comprises a heat exchange pipeline, the steam-water separator is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline, and the steam outlet end of the steam-water separator is connected with a steam pipe network;
the micro-positive pressure control device is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis square furnace and can control the furnace top of the pyrolysis square furnace to always keep micro-positive pressure.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present application, the fuel remelting device comprises a fuel delivery line and a pressure reducing valve;
the pressure reducing valve is arranged on the fuel delivery pipeline.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present application, the fuel returning device further comprises a gas buffering device;
the gas buffering device is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline and is positioned on one side of the reducing valve, which is far away from the hydrogen production system.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the application, the fuel remelting device also comprises a water seal device;
the water seal device is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline and is positioned on one side of the gas buffer device, which is deviated from the pressure reducing valve.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present application, the fuel remelting device further comprises a flow regulating valve;
the flow regulating valve is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline and is positioned on one side of the water seal device, which is far away from the gas buffer device.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects or advantages of the embodiment of the application include:
according to the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system provided by the embodiment of the application, the fuel return device is arranged at the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace and is connected to the gas outlet end of the hydrogen production system; a micro-positive pressure control device is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis square furnace; and a waste heat recovery device comprising a heat exchange pipeline is arranged at the cooling section of the pyrolysis square furnace, a gas-liquid separator is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline, and the steam outlet end of the steam-water separator is connected with a steam pipe network. In view of this, when the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system operates, on the first hand, the fuel return device can be utilized to introduce the byproduct desorption gas generated by the hydrogen production system to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis side furnace, and the byproduct desorption gas and the coal gas generated by the coal dry distillation are mixed and co-fired, so that the self-consumption of the coal gas is greatly reduced, the quantity of the delivered coal gas is increased, the coal gas output benefit is improved, the byproduct desorption gas is recycled, and the stable operation of the hydrogen production system is ensured; in the second aspect, the micro-positive pressure control device is used for controlling the furnace top of the pyrolysis square furnace to keep stable micro-positive pressure, so that the oxygen content in the coal gas is effectively reduced, and the stable operation of the subsequent hydrogen production process is ensured; and in the third aspect, the semicoke is subjected to heat exchange and cooling through circulating desalted water in the waste heat recovery device, so that a large amount of steam-water mixture is generated while the semicoke is cooled, the steam-water mixture is separated by a gas-liquid separation device and is directly conveyed to a heat supply system for utilization, and the recovery and utilization of waste heat in the raw coal pyrolysis process are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some of the embodiments described in the present application, and that other drawings can be derived from these drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a raw coal pyrolysis system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1-pyrolysis square furnace 1; 2-a fuel returning device; 3-a waste heat recovery device; 4-gas-liquid separation and installation; 5-micro positive pressure control device; 6-a hydrogen production system; 11-a drying section; 12-dry distillation section; 13-a cooling section; 20-a fuel delivery line; 21-a pressure reducing valve; 22-gas buffer means; 23-water seal device; 24-a flow regulating valve; 30-heat exchange line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The term "connected" is to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
In order to solve the problems that heat is easily lost or wasted and the delivery amount of generated coal gas is low in the semicoke cooling process of the conventional pyrolysis system, the embodiment of the application provides a raw coal pyrolysis system.
As shown in fig. 1, the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system comprises a pyrolysis square furnace 1, a fuel return device 2, a steam-water separator 4 and a micro-positive pressure control device 5. The inlet end of the fuel returning device 2 is connected with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen production system 6, and the outlet end of the fuel returning device 2 is connected with the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace 1. The cooling section 13 of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 is provided with a waste heat recovery device 3, and the waste heat recovery device 3 comprises a heat exchange pipeline 30. The steam-water separator 4 is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline 30, and the steam outlet end of the steam-water separator 30 is connected with a steam pipe network. The micro-positive pressure control device 5 is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 and can control the top of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 to keep micro-positive pressure all the time.
In the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system provided by the embodiment, the fuel return device 2 is arranged at the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace 1, and the fuel return device 2 is connected to the gas outlet end of the hydrogen production system 6; a micro-positive pressure control device 5 is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis square furnace 1; and the cooling section 13 of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 is provided with a waste heat recovery device 3 comprising a heat exchange pipeline 30, the outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline 30 is provided with a gas-liquid separator 4, and the steam outlet end of the gas-water separator 4 is connected with a steam pipe network. In view of this, when the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system operates, on the first hand, the fuel return device 2 can be used for introducing the byproduct desorbed gas generated by the hydrogen production system 6 to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the byproduct desorbed gas and the coal gas generated by the coal dry distillation are mixed and co-fired, so that the self-consumption of the coal gas is greatly reduced, the amount of the delivered coal gas is increased, the coal gas output benefit is improved, the byproduct desorbed gas is recycled, and the stable operation of the hydrogen production system 6 is ensured; in the second aspect, the micro-positive pressure control device 5 is used for controlling the top of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 to keep stable micro-positive pressure, so that the oxygen content in the coal gas is effectively reduced, and the stable operation of the subsequent hydrogen production process is ensured; and in the third aspect, the semicoke is subjected to heat exchange and cooling through circulating demineralized water in the waste heat recovery device 3, so that a large amount of steam-water mixture is generated while the semicoke is cooled, the steam-water mixture is separated by the gas-liquid separation device 4 and is directly conveyed to a heat supply system for utilization, and the recovery and utilization of waste heat in the raw coal pyrolysis process are realized.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the pyrolysis square furnace 1 refers to a coal pyrolysis square furnace suitable for semi-coke production, such as an SJ low temperature dry distillation square furnace. In this embodiment, an SJ low-temperature dry distillation square furnace is taken as an example, the SJ low-temperature dry distillation square furnace is divided into a drying section 11, a dry distillation section 12 and a cooling section 13, and the process flow of raw coal pyrolysis generally comprises: the raw coal is conveyed to a drying section 11 through a coal distribution bin, dried and heated to 150 ℃ through circulating flue gas, moisture carried by the raw coal is removed, the raw coal is prevented from being crushed, and the carbonization quality is improved; the dried coal blocks enter a dry distillation section 12, the coal gas produced by dry distillation of the coal and byproduct gas produced by the fuel return device 2 are mixed and burnt to generate hot air flow so as to heat the coal blocks to 550-650 ℃, the coal blocks are thermally decomposed at the temperature to generate coal gas and coke, wherein the coke enters a cooling section 13 and is cooled and output by circulating desalted water in a heat exchange pipeline after dry quenching, the coal gas is discharged through a coal gas outlet and is sent out as a coal gas product after pretreatment, hydrogen extraction and other processes, and the other part of the coal gas is returned to the furnace to burn to supply pyrolysis energy.
Of course, the pyrolysis square furnace 1 in the present embodiment is not limited to the SJ low-temperature dry distillation square furnace, but should be a general-purpose equipment for coal dry distillation for semi coke production, and the type and structure of the equipment are not particularly limited. Meanwhile, the above-described process flow is only a part of the processes of semi-coke production, so as to facilitate the explanation and explanation of the working process of the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system of the embodiment, and other process steps are implemented and operated according to conventional processes in the field.
It should also be understood by those skilled in the art that the pyrolysis furnace 1 in the present embodiment may include a combustion chamber and a pyrolysis chamber which are both hollow chamber structures, wherein the combustion chamber and the pyrolysis chamber are separated from each other and surround the outer periphery of the pyrolysis chamber. An air supply hole is formed between the combustion chamber and the pyrolysis chamber, and the air supply hole can convey hot air in the combustion chamber to the pyrolysis chamber so as to pyrolyze the dry coal briquettes.
The fuel returning device 2 is a device capable of transporting the byproduct, namely, the hydrogen production system 6, to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and may include a pipe, a fan, a valve, a sealing member, and the like, which are communicated with each other. In this embodiment, the byproduct desorption gas generated in the hydrogen production system 6 is introduced into the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis side furnace 1 through the fuel return device 2 to be used as fuel, thereby realizing the recycling of the byproduct desorption gas, and the byproduct desorption gas and the hydrogen gas generated by the dry distillation of coal are mixed and combusted to supply heat, thereby greatly reducing the self-consumption of the coal gas, increasing the delivery amount of the coal gas and improving the production benefit of the pyrolysis of the raw coal.
The waste heat recovery device 3 is a device capable of cooling the semicoke by a heat exchange method, such as a circulating demineralized water cooling system. In this embodiment, waste heat recovery device 3 is arranged at cooling section 13 of pyrolysis side furnace 1 to can carry out the heat transfer cooling to the semicoke through the circulation demineralized water in heat transfer pipeline 30, and the demineralized water after the heat absorption produces steam-water mixture, and steam that steam-water mixture separated through steam-water separator 4 can directly be carried to the steam pipe network and utilize, thereby has realized the thermal recycle of semicoke.
The micro-positive pressure control device 5 is a device which filters, removes water and dries the compressed air and then fills the compressed air into the pyrolysis square furnace 1, so that the air pressure in the pyrolysis square furnace 1 is always kept in a micro-positive pressure state. This embodiment is, without limitation, a conventional device in the art.
The hydrogen production system 6 is equipment related to the process of purifying hydrogen gas from coal gas in the semi-coke production process, and the desorption gas is a byproduct desorption gas after hydrogen is extracted from the coal gas. Although the calorific value of the byproduct analysis gas is lower than that of the coal gas, the coal gas and the byproduct analysis gas can fully meet the heat demand of raw coal pyrolysis after being co-combusted, and the co-combustion of the byproduct analysis gas can save the coal gas and send the coal gas to a hydrogen production section for hydrogen extraction, so that the coal gas output is improved.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the fuel recoiling device 2 includes a fuel delivery pipeline 20 and a pressure reducing valve 21, and the pressure reducing valve 21 is disposed on the fuel delivery pipeline 20 to reduce the pressure of the by-product desorption gas. Specifically, since the pressure of the byproduct desorption gas generated by the hydrogen production system 6 is generally 15 to 25Kpa, and the pressure that the pyrolysis side furnace 1 can withstand is generally 4.5 to 5.5Kpa, the present embodiment performs depressurization by the pressure reducing valve 21 before the byproduct desorption gas enters the pyrolysis side furnace 1, and can ensure the safe operation of the pyrolysis side furnace 1.
Further, the fuel remelting device 2 further comprises a gas buffer device 22, and the gas buffer device 22 is disposed on the fuel conveying pipeline 20 and located on a side of the pressure reducing valve 21 away from the hydrogen production system 6 to stabilize the pressure of the byproduct analysis gas. Specifically, after the byproduct gas is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 21, the pressure of the byproduct gas reaches the design requirement suitable for the pyrolysis furnace 1, but the byproduct gas has unstable pressure and affects the co-combustion quality, so the gas buffer device 22 is disposed behind the pressure reducing valve 21 to stabilize the pressure, thereby improving the co-combustion quality. The gas buffer device 22 may be a gas buffer tank.
Further, the fuel remelting device 2 further comprises a water sealing device 23, wherein the water sealing device 23 is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline 20 and is positioned on one side of the gas buffer device 22, which is far away from the pressure reducing valve 21, so that gas and byproduct analysis gas are isolated, and accidents caused by mixing are prevented.
The fuel remelting device 2 further comprises a flow regulating valve 24, wherein the flow regulating valve 24 is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline 20 and is positioned on one side of the water sealing device 23, which is far away from the gas buffering device 22, so that the pressure and the flow of the analyzed gas are controlled, the stable operation of blending combustion is ensured, and the blending combustion quality is improved.
Based on the above description, the working principle and the process of the raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system provided by this embodiment are as follows: the byproduct gas generated by the hydrogen production system 6 enters the fuel conveying pipeline 20, and because the pressure of the byproduct gas generated by the hydrogen production system 6 is far greater than the bearing pressure of the pyrolysis side furnace 1, in order to ensure the normal operation of the pyrolysis side furnace 1, the fuel conveying pipeline 20 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 21, and the pressure of the byproduct gas is reduced by the pressure reducing valve 21. Meanwhile, the unstable conveying pressure of the desorption gas can affect the blending combustion quality, so that the gas buffer device 22 is arranged after the byproduct desorption gas is decompressed to buffer the conveying pressure of the byproduct desorption gas, and the byproduct desorption gas is ensured to stably enter the combustion chamber. Meanwhile, in consideration of safety, a water seal device 23 is arranged behind the gas buffer device 22 to isolate gas and gas to be separated, and a flow regulating valve 24 is arranged behind the water seal device 23, so that the flow of byproduct gas to be separated entering the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be controlled, and the byproduct gas to be separated and the gas to be stably and controllably co-combusted can be ensured. Therefore, in the embodiment, the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the byproduct analysis gas of the hydrogen production system 6 through the fuel return device 2, so that the return utilization of the byproduct analysis gas is realized, the coal gas self-consumption in the coal pyrolysis process is reduced, and the coal gas output is increased. Meanwhile, raw coal enters a drying section 11 of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 through a coal distribution bin, is heated to 150 ℃ under the flowing of hot gas generated by mixing and burning coal gas and byproduct desorption gas, so that moisture contained in the raw coal is evaporated to obtain dry raw coal, the dry raw coal enters a dry distillation section 12, is subjected to decomposition reaction at the temperature of 550 ℃ and 650 ℃ to produce coal gas and coke, one part of the coal gas is discharged through a coal gas outlet and is subjected to pretreatment, hydrogen extraction and other processes is sent out as a coal gas product, the other part of the coal gas is returned to the furnace to be burned for supplying pyrolysis energy, and the coke enters a cooling section 13 to be subjected to dry quenching and then is subjected to heat exchange and cooling output through circulating desalted water in the waste heat recovery system 3. When the waste heat recovery system 3 carries out heat exchange cooling on the semicoke, demineralized water in the heat exchange pipeline 30 absorbs the semicoke heat to generate a steam-water mixture, the steam-water mixture is separated by the gas-liquid separation device 4 to obtain steam, and the steam is directly conveyed to a heat supply system for utilization, so that the heat recovery in the semicoke cooling process is realized. Meanwhile, in the operation process of the raw coal pyrolysis system, the micro-positive pressure device 54 controls the internal pressure of the pyrolysis square furnace 1 to be always kept at the micro-positive pressure, so that the oxygen content in the coal gas is effectively reduced, and the stable operation of the subsequent hydrogen production process is ensured.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis square furnace, a fuel return device, a steam-water separator and a micro-positive pressure control device;
the inlet end of the fuel returning device is connected with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen production system, and the outlet end of the fuel returning device is connected with the fuel inlet end of the pyrolysis square furnace;
a waste heat recovery device is arranged at a cooling section of the pyrolysis square furnace and comprises a heat exchange pipeline, the steam-water separator is arranged at the outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline, and the steam outlet end of the steam-water separator is connected with a steam pipe network;
the micro-positive pressure control device is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis square furnace and can control the furnace top of the pyrolysis square furnace to always keep micro-positive pressure.
2. The raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein the fuel returning device comprises a fuel conveying pipeline and a pressure reducing valve;
the pressure reducing valve is arranged on the fuel delivery pipeline.
3. The raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system of claim 2, wherein the fuel return means further comprises a gas buffer means;
the gas buffering device is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline and is positioned on one side of the reducing valve, which is far away from the hydrogen production system.
4. The raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system of claim 3, wherein the fuel returning device further comprises a water seal device;
the water seal device is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline and is positioned on one side of the gas buffer device, which is deviated from the pressure reducing valve.
5. The raw coal pyrolysis waste heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein the fuel return means further comprises a flow regulating valve;
the flow regulating valve is arranged on the fuel conveying pipeline and is positioned on one side of the water seal device, which is far away from the gas buffer device.
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