CN215941216U - Rocket fuel storage tank bottom hot-punching and spinning composite forming device - Google Patents
Rocket fuel storage tank bottom hot-punching and spinning composite forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN215941216U CN215941216U CN202121259394.4U CN202121259394U CN215941216U CN 215941216 U CN215941216 U CN 215941216U CN 202121259394 U CN202121259394 U CN 202121259394U CN 215941216 U CN215941216 U CN 215941216U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a hot-punching and spinning composite forming device for the bottom of a rocket fuel storage tank, which comprises a punching device, a spinning device, an anti-deformation tool and a heating furnace. The prepressing blank is arranged on the stamping device and is used for performing stamping forming through the stamping device to obtain a preformed blank. The preformed blank is arranged on the spinning device and is used for spinning and forming through the spinning device to obtain a spinning piece. And a round hole is formed in the center of the top of the spinning piece and used for discharging water vapor when the spinning piece is subjected to solution heat treatment. The spinning part is arranged on the deformation-preventing tool, is placed into a heating furnace through a hoisting tool for heating, and is hoisted into a water tank for quenching. The heating furnace is used for carrying out annealing heat treatment and aging heat treatment on the bottom of the storage box in the manufacturing process of the bottom of the storage box. The storage box bottom manufactured by the device has high efficiency, high manufacturing precision, low dependence on special equipment, short production period, high yield and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of manufacturing of liquid carrier rocket fuel storage tanks, in particular to a thermal-punching composite forming device for the bottom of a rocket fuel storage tank.
Background
The bottom of the fuel tank of the carrier rocket is a large-diameter thin-wall ellipsoidal structure shell, and the bottom of the tank of the carrier rocket in active service in China is mostly manufactured by adopting a process of split forming of a melon petal and a top cover → assembly welding of parts. Generally, one box bottom is formed by assembling 6 melon petals and 1 top cover through friction stir welding, the process is used by domestic aerospace manufacturing enterprises for decades, and the manufacturing technology is mature. It should be noted, however, that the process suffers from the following problems: (1) manufacturing cycle is long, and especially the assembly welding process of melon lamella is higher to welding equipment and personnel operation level requirement, and the deformation problem that welding process leads to is more serious simultaneously, need constantly artifical the repair for the assembly precision of guaranteeing the melon lamella, leads to production efficiency not high. (2) The welding seams of the product are more, generally, a box bottom comprises 6 longitudinal seams in the bus direction and a circular seam welded by a top cover, and the existence of the welding seams causes the overall strength of the product to be reduced, thereby affecting the quality reliability of the product. (3) In order to ensure the safety coefficient of the welding area, the position needs to be reinforced by adopting a local thickening mode, and the weight reduction requirement of aerospace products is not facilitated.
Based on the problems of the melon petal splice welding storage box bottom, the research on the integral manufacturing technology of the storage box bottom of the carrier rocket is developed at home and abroad. At present, the integral manufacture of the bottom of a storage tank mainly adopts a spinning technology, and the process is subdivided into an external spinning mode and an internal spinning mode in the selection of a specific spinning scheme. The outward rotation proposes that the bottom of the storage box is manufactured by a method of firstly performing pre-forming through a drum and then performing spinning forming through a die. The main problems of forming in this way are: (1) the bulging forming precision is low, and the profile precision of the product is ensured mainly through subsequent die spinning. (2) Considering that the bottom of the general rocket tank is mainly made of heat-treatable reinforced aluminum alloy, the spinning blank is easy to deform in the heat treatment process, the deformed blank is difficult to be installed on the original die again for spinning shaping, namely the spinning die is poor in use universality. (3) The spinning process provided by the patent has high dependence on production experience of operators, and the selection of spinning passes is different from person to person, so that the efficiency is poor. Aiming at the bottom process of the internal rotation storage tank, a spinning device based on special design is provided, the step-by-step forming of shearing spinning and general spinning is realized through the step-by-step spinning path design, the process avoids the problem that the spinning of a large-diameter end enclosure is easy to destabilize, but the following problems exist: (1) the equipment dependence is high, the method needs large-scale modification and even special manufacture on the existing spinning equipment, and the equipment investment is high; (2) the process is more suitable for room temperature forming of relatively thin plates, and has higher forming difficulty for thicker raw materials.
Therefore, the rocket fuel tank bottom forming equipment with high manufacturing efficiency, low dependence of special equipment, high yield and low manufacturing cost is needed in the field.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a thermal-punching composite forming device for the bottom of a rocket fuel storage tank. The composite forming equipment has the advantages of high efficiency of manufacturing the bottom of the storage tank, high manufacturing precision, low dependence on special equipment, short production period, high yield and low production cost.
The utility model provides a hot-punching composite forming device for the bottom of a rocket fuel storage tank, which comprises: the device comprises a stamping device, a spinning device, an anti-deformation tool and a heating furnace, wherein a pre-pressed blank is arranged on the stamping device and is used for performing punch forming through the stamping device to obtain a preformed blank; the pre-forming blank is arranged on the spinning device and is used for spinning and forming through the spinning device to obtain a spinning part; the center of the top of the spinning piece is provided with a round hole for discharging water vapor when the spinning piece is subjected to solution heat treatment; the spinning part is arranged on the anti-deformation tool, is placed into a heating furnace through a hoisting tool for heating, and is hoisted into a water tank for quenching; the heating furnace is used for carrying out annealing heat treatment and aging heat treatment on the bottom of the storage box in the manufacturing process of the bottom of the storage box.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the press apparatus includes: the device comprises a general lower die, a blank holder and a prepressing upper die, wherein the prepressing blank is placed on the general lower die, and the periphery of the prepressing blank is compacted by the blank holder; the prepressing upper die is located on the upper portion of the prepressing blank, and the press machine drives the prepressing upper die to move up and down and is used for punching the prepressing blank.
Furthermore, the universal lower die and the blank holder are fixedly installed through a fixing piece.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the surfaces of the general lower die and the prepressing upper die contacting the prepressing blank are smooth surfaces, so as to reduce the damage of the general lower die to the surface of the prepressing blank.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pre-pressed blank is subjected to multiple times of press forming by the press device until the press depth of the pre-pressed blank reaches a set press depth.
Further, after each stamping, the pre-pressed blank is placed into a heating furnace for annealing heat treatment.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the spinning device includes: the device comprises a fixed support, a push rod, an inner rotary die and an outer rotary die, wherein a preformed blank is placed on the fixed support, and the preformed blank is compressed by the push rod; the inner rotary die and the outer rotary die are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the preformed blank, and the inner rotary die and the outer rotary die correspond to each other; and starting a driving motor to drive the fixed support and the ejector rod to rotate so as to drive the preformed blank to rotate.
Further, the surfaces of the inner rotary die and the outer rotary die contacting the preform are smooth for reducing damage to the surface of the preform.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the composite forming apparatus further includes: and the heating spray gun is arranged at the lower part of the spinning device and is used for heating the preformed blank when the spinning device performs spinning.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the composite forming apparatus further comprises a profile template for performing a calibration check on the spinning piece.
According to the above embodiment, the rocket fuel tank bottom thermal-punching composite forming device provided by the utility model has the following advantages: the manufacturing precision of the bottom of the storage box can be accurately grasped in the manufacturing process of the composite forming equipment, the conditions of cracking, uneven thickness, heat treatment deformation and the like in the manufacturing process are avoided, and the manufacturing speed and the manufacturing yield are greatly improved. In addition, the dependence degree of the storage tank bottom manufactured by the forming equipment on special equipment is low, the storage tank bottoms with different sizes can be manufactured by the same set of manufacturing equipment, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, the manufacturing speed is improved, and the problems of high manufacturing cost, high equipment dependence degree, long production period, low yield and the like in the prior art are solved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the utility model, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a rocket fuel tank bottom hot-punching composite forming device provided by the utility model.
FIG. 2 is a drawing of an implementation of stamping and preforming in a hot-punching and spinning composite forming device for the bottom of a rocket fuel tank provided by the utility model.
FIG. 3 is a drawing for implementing spinning forming in the hot-punching and spinning composite forming device for the bottom of the rocket fuel tank provided by the utility model.
Description of reference numerals:
1-general lower die, 2-blank holder, 3-prepressing upper die, 4-prepressing blank, 5-fixed support, 6-ejector rod, 7-internal rotary die, 8-external rotary die, 9-preformed blank, 10-spinning piece and 11-heating spray gun.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the utility model, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the utility model but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the utility model.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
The utility model provides a thermal-punching composite forming device for the bottom of a rocket fuel storage tank. The composite forming apparatus includes: stamping device, spinning device, shape frock and heating furnace of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events. The prepressing blank 4 is arranged on the stamping device and is used for performing stamping forming through the stamping device to obtain a preformed blank 9. The preform 9 is set on a spinning device for spinning by the spinning device to obtain a spun piece 10.
The center of the top of the spinning member 10 is provided with a circular hole for discharging water vapor when the spinning member 10 is subjected to solution heat treatment.
The spinning part 10 is arranged on the deformation-preventing tool, is placed into a heating furnace through a hoisting tool for heating, and is hoisted into a water tank for quenching.
The heating furnace is used for carrying out annealing heat treatment and aging heat treatment on the bottom of the storage box in the manufacturing process of the bottom of the storage box.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a press apparatus includes: general lower mould 1, blank holder 2 and pre-compaction mould 3. And placing the round blank after annealing and softening, namely the pre-pressed blank 4 on the universal lower die 1, and then pressing the periphery of the pre-pressed blank 4 by using the blank holder 2. The universal lower die 1 and the blank holder 2 are fixedly mounted through fixing pieces, and the fixing pieces are preferably fixing pieces such as bolts and screws. The prepressing upper die 3 is positioned on the upper part of the prepressing blank 4, and the press machine drives the prepressing upper die 3 to move up and down and is used for punching the prepressing blank 4. The surfaces of the universal lower die 1 and the prepressing upper die 3 contacting the prepressing blank 4 are smooth surfaces, and the damage of the universal lower die 1 to the surface of the prepressing blank 4 is reduced.
In order to achieve the preset prepressing depth, the prepressing blank 4 is required to be subjected to multiple times of punch forming through a punching device until the punching depth of the prepressing blank 4 reaches the set punching depth. And after each stamping, putting the pre-pressed blank 4 into a heating furnace for annealing heat treatment. Annealing heat treatment can make pre-compaction blank 4 soften, conveniently carries out the pre-compaction next time, and can reduce the in-process of pre-compaction and cause the pre-compaction blank to tear or local thickness uneven.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a spinning apparatus includes: the device comprises a fixed support 5, a top pressing rod 6, an internal rotary die 7 and an external rotary die 8. The preform 9 is placed on the fixed support 5, and the preform 9 is pressed by the pressing and ejecting rod 6.
The inner rotating die 7 and the outer rotating die 8 are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the preformed blank 9, and the inner rotating die 7 corresponds to the outer rotating die 8. The inner rotary die 7 and the outer rotary die 8 work together to clamp the preformed blank 9 and move relative to the preformed blank 9 to carry out spinning pressing on the surface of the preformed blank 9.
And starting a driving motor, wherein the driving motor drives the fixed support 5 and the ejector rod 6 to rotate, and further drives the preformed blank 9 to rotate. When the preform 9 rotates, the inner rotary die 7 and the outer rotary die 8 spin the molded surface of the preform 9, so that the preform 9 reaches a preset radian.
The smooth surfaces of the inner and outer dies 7, 8 that contact the preform 9 serve to reduce damage to the surface of the preform 9.
The composite forming apparatus further includes: the spray gun 11 and the profile plate are heated. The heating spray gun 11 is arranged at the lower part of the spinning device and used for heating the preformed blank 9 when the spinning device performs spinning, so that the preformed blank 9 is heated and softened, the spinning is smoother, the deformation and the damage to the preformed blank 9 caused by the spinning process can be reduced as much as possible, and the surface radian of the preformed blank 9 is easier to be consistent. The profile template is used to perform a calibration check on the rotary press 10.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart for manufacturing the bottom of the rocket fuel storage tank by the hot-punching and spinning composite forming device for the bottom of the rocket fuel storage tank provided by the utility model. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
step S1: and (5) cutting the plate into a circle and blanking. In a specific embodiment, the arc length of the profile contour after forming is calculated according to a profile equation at the bottom of the storage tank, and the theoretical diameter D of the required round plate blank is calculated by considering the uniform elongation (generally estimated according to 3-5%) in the deformation process of the aluminum alloy. According to the calculated theoretical diameter D of the round billet, the process margin delta D (delta D is estimated according to the clamping amount of the subsequent machining procedure) is considered, and the diameter D is cut by means of water cutting or laser cuttingBlankRound blank (D)Blank＝D+ΔD)。
Step S2: and (5) annealing and heat treating the round blank. In this step, annealing is a heat treatment process of metals, which means that the metal is slowly heated to a certain temperature, held for a sufficient time, and then cooled at a suitable rate. The purpose is to reduce hardness and improve machinability; the residual stress is reduced, the size is stabilized, and the deformation and crack tendency is reduced; refining grains, adjusting the structure and eliminating the structure defects. The annealing heat treatment in the step is to soften the round blank, so that the subsequent steps are convenient to carry out. In particular, for example, the round billet is placed in a circulating gas-electric furnace at TInitialKeeping the temperature t at +/-10 DEG CInitialAnd +/-10 min, and performing stamping and preforming after discharging.
Step S3: and carrying out multiple stamping and preforming on the round blank to obtain a preformed blank. The specific implementation mode of the step comprises the following steps:
step S31: and taking out the annealed and softened round blank and placing the round blank on a stamping device. The round blank after annealing and softening, namely the pre-pressed blank 4, is placed on the universal lower die 1, and then the periphery of the pre-pressed blank 4 is compressed by the blank holder 2, so that the blank is prevented from moving when being pressed on the pre-pressed blank 4.
Step S32: and blowing off impurities on the surface of the round billet. In order to avoid impurity pollution, impurities and the like on the surface of a prepressing blank 4 fixed on the general lower die 1 need to be blown off quickly by utilizing compressed air before prepressing.
Step S33: and starting the press machine to lower the pre-pressing upper die to complete the first-pass stamping and pre-forming process. The prepressing upper die 3 is positioned at the upper part of the prepressing blank 4, and the press machine drives the prepressing upper die 3 to move up and down. After the impurities are blown off, the press machine is started to enable the prepressing upper die 3 to slowly descend at a certain speed, the prepressing blank 4 is pressed down, the first-pass stamping and preforming process is completed, and the stamping depth of the prepressing blank 4 reaches H1.
Step S34: and carrying out intermediate annealing heat treatment on the pre-pressed blank which is subjected to the first pass. In order to ensure that the pre-pressed blank 4 does not crack and have uneven thickness in the pre-pressing process, before the next stamping, the pre-pressed blank 4 with the stamping depth reaching H1 needs to be annealed again to soften the pre-pressed blank 4. In particular, the annealing heat treatment requires that the pre-pressed blank 4 be at TIntermediate (II)Keeping the temperature t at +/-10 DEG CIntermediate (II)Time of + -10 min.
Step S35: and repeating the processes to perform multi-pass stamping preforming to obtain the final preformed blank. After the intermediate annealing is finished, repeating the steps S31-S34 to ensure that the punching depth of the pre-pressed blank 4 reaches the preset depth HStampingThus, a preform 9 is obtained.
Step S4: and carrying out spinning forming on the preformed blank to obtain a spinning piece. The specific implementation mode of the step comprises the following steps:
step S41: and (4) mounting the preformed blank on a spinning device, starting a driving motor, and starting a spinning forming process. The preform 9 is placed on the fixed support 5 and the preform 9 is pressed by the ejector pin 6. The inner and outer sides of the preform 9 are provided with an inner rotary die 7 and an outer rotary die 8, and the inner rotary die 7 and the outer rotary die 8 correspond to each other. The inner rotary die 7 and the outer rotary die 8 work together to clamp the preformed blank 9 and move relative to the preformed blank 9 to carry out spinning pressing on the surface of the preformed blank 9.
And starting a driving motor, wherein the driving motor drives the fixed support 5 and the ejector rod 6 to rotate, and further drives the preformed blank 9 to rotate. When the preform 9 rotates, the inner rotary die 7 and the outer rotary die 8 spin the molded surface of the preform 9, so that the preform 9 reaches a preset radian.
Step S42: spinning throughIn the process, a heating spray gun is used for preheating the preformed blank, and the preformed blank meets the design requirement through multi-pass spinning forming to obtain the final spinning piece. During the spinning of the preform 9, the preform 9 is subjected to a treatment t by means of a heating lance 11PreheatingThe preheating of time softens the preformed blank 9 to a certain extent, so that the spinning is smoother, and the deformation and damage to the preformed blank 9 caused by the spinning process can be reduced as much as possible. And (3) performing multi-pass spinning forming to enable the pre-formed blank 9 to meet the design requirement, and finally obtaining a proper spinning piece 10.
Step S5: and carrying out solution heat treatment on the spinning piece. The specific implementation mode of the step comprises the following steps:
step S51: cutting a round hole on the top of the spinning piece. The round hole is used for discharging water vapor in the subsequent solid solution process. In this embodiment, a circular hole with a diameter of about 300mm is cut on the top of the spinning member 10 by laser. The specific opening size also needs to be determined according to actual operation.
Step S52: and (4) placing the spinning part on the anti-deformation tool, and enabling the opening of the spinning part to face downwards to enter water.
Step S53: and hoisting the spinning part and the deformation-preventing tool together into a heating furnace for solution quenching heat treatment. Specifically, the spinning part 10 and the deformation-preventing tool are hoisted into the circulating air electric furnace together to be heated at a certain heating speed, and the condition that t is not less than t is ensuredTemperature riseIs increased to T within the temperature rise timeSolid solutionKeeping the temperature at +/-5 ℃ for a certain time tSolid solution. After the heat preservation is finished, the spinning part 10 is quickly transferred into a normal-temperature water tank for quenching treatment, and the quenching time is less than or equal to tTransfer ofCooling time is not less than tCooling down。
Step S54: and after the heat treatment, the spinning piece is detached from the deformation-preventing tool, and the deformation condition of the spinning piece is checked. When inspecting the deformation of the rotary press 10, it is necessary to inspect the deformation of key portions such as the profile of the rotary press 10 and the roundness of the mouth portion by using a profile template.
Step S6: and (5) carrying out calibration spinning on the spinning piece after the solution heat treatment to obtain the qualified spinning piece. Specifically, multi-pass rotation correction processing is carried out within the range of 300mm from the opening of the spinning part 10, the rotation correction effect is continuously checked by utilizing a product profile template, and finally the spinning part 10 with the profile and the roundness of the opening meeting the requirements is obtained through rotation correction.
Step S7: and carrying out aging heat treatment on the qualified spinning piece. Aging heat treatment of the rotary press 10 can improve the final use strength of the rotary press 10. The aging heat treatment uses a circulating air electric furnace, the spinning part 10 can be installed and clamped in a free state or by using an anti-deformation tool at the temperature TAgingKeeping the temperature t at +/-5 ℃ in the environmentAgingAnd (4) discharging the product from the furnace and air cooling after the heat preservation is finished.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and time are determined according to the material and size to achieve the best effect.
The foregoing is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, and any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rocket fuel tank bottom hot-punching composite forming device is characterized by comprising: a stamping device, a spinning device, an anti-deformation tool and a heating furnace, wherein,
the prepressing blank (4) is arranged on the stamping device and is used for performing stamping forming through the stamping device to obtain a preformed blank (9);
the pre-forming blank (9) is arranged on the spinning device and is used for spinning and forming through the spinning device to obtain a spinning piece (10);
a round hole is formed in the center of the top of the spinning piece (10) and used for discharging water vapor when the spinning piece (10) is subjected to solution heat treatment;
the spinning part (10) is arranged on the deformation-preventing tool, is placed into a heating furnace through a hoisting tool for heating, and is hoisted into a water tank for quenching;
the heating furnace is used for carrying out annealing heat treatment and aging heat treatment on the bottom of the storage box in the manufacturing process of the bottom of the storage box.
2. A rocket fuel reservoir tank bottom thermal spinning composite forming apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said stamping means comprises: a general lower die (1), a blank holder (2) and a prepressing upper die (3), wherein,
the prepressing blank (4) is placed on the general lower die (1), and the periphery of the prepressing blank (4) is compacted by the blank holder (2);
the prepressing upper die (3) is arranged on the upper portion of the prepressing blank (4), and the press machine drives the prepressing upper die (3) to move up and down and is used for punching the prepressing blank (4).
3. The rocket fuel tank bottom hot-punching composite forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that the universal lower die (1) and the blank holder (2) are fixedly installed by a fixing member.
4. The rocket fuel tank bottom hot-punching composite forming device according to claim 2, wherein the surfaces of the general lower die (1) and the prepressing upper die (3) contacting the prepressing blank (4) are smooth surfaces, so as to reduce the damage of the general lower die (1) to the surface of the prepressing blank (4).
5. The rocket fuel tank bottom hot-punching complex forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pre-pressed blank (4) is punched and formed multiple times by the punching device until the punching depth of the pre-pressed blank (4) reaches the set punching depth.
6. A rocket fuel reservoir tank bottom hot-stamping composite forming apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said spinning means comprises: a fixed support (5), a top pressing rod (6), an inner rotary die (7) and an outer rotary die (8), wherein,
placing the preformed blank (9) on the fixed support (5), and compacting the preformed blank (9) by using the ejector rod (6);
the inner rotary die (7) and the outer rotary die (8) are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the preformed blank (9), and the inner rotary die (7) corresponds to the outer rotary die (8);
and starting a driving motor to drive the fixed support (5) and the ejector rod (6) to rotate so as to drive the preformed blank (9) to rotate.
7. A rocket fuel reservoir tank bottom hot-stamping composite forming device according to claim 6, wherein the surface of said inner rotary die (7) and said outer rotary die (8) contacting said preform (9) is smooth for reducing damage to the surface of said preform (9).
8. A rocket fuel reservoir tank bottom thermal spinning composite forming apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the heating spray gun (11) is arranged at the lower part of the spinning device, and is used for heating the preformed blank (9) when the spinning device performs spinning.
9. A rocket fuel reservoir tank bottom hot-stamping composite forming apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising a profile template for calibration inspection of said rotary press (10).
10. A rocket fuel reservoir tank bottom, characterized in that it is produced using a hot-impact spinning composite forming apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202121259394.4U CN215941216U (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Rocket fuel storage tank bottom hot-punching and spinning composite forming device |
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| CN202121259394.4U CN215941216U (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Rocket fuel storage tank bottom hot-punching and spinning composite forming device |
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