CN215904490U

CN215904490U - Water supply device for rail vehicle and rail vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN215904490U
Application number: CN201990000789.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: C.施奈德
Original assignee: Siemens Mobility GmbH
Current assignee: Siemens Mobility GmbH
Priority date: 2018-06-18
Filing date: 2019-05-17
Publication date: 2022-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-17
Also published as: DE102018209743A1; RU203895U1; WO2019242957A1; ES2957682T3; EP3784547B1; HRP20230905T1; EP3784547A1; PL3784547T3; EP3784547C0

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water supply device (1) for a rail vehicle, comprising a water usage unit (5) and a water container (10), wherein the water container (10) is replaceably connected to a water line (12), and wherein the water line (12) connects the water container (10) to the water usage unit (5) in a water-conducting manner for supplying water to the water usage unit (5).

Description

Water supply device for rail vehicle and rail vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a water supply device for a rail vehicle and a rail vehicle with such a water supply device.

Background

In prior art water supplies, fresh water is supplied to the toilet system and the wash basin at the bathing unit (Nasszellen) of the rail vehicle. In this case, water is stored in a water tank and, according to the prior art, is periodically replenished via a filling opening mounted on the outside of the rail vehicle.

One or two bathing units are supplied with water from a water tank. This water flows by gravity or by means of a pump through a pipe to the wash basin and to the toilet system. The water tank has a level sensor which, during operation, detects the level of the water tank. Furthermore, the water tank is protected against temperature influences, such as frost or intense heat.

Such a water supply device also has a frost evacuation line for completely evacuating the water supply device in the event of a shut-down of the water supply device at low temperatures. The tank has two filling lines (or filling lines) which allow filling from both sides outside the vehicle. Furthermore, the tank has an overflow line, which should prevent pressure from being applied to the tank during filling.

From the prior art, water supply devices are known which reduce the amount of water required for operation. Therefore, water supply installations with water treatment devices for grey water or waste water are designed, which reuse the treated used water in the toilet system. Here, the consumption values of the toilet system and the water for washing the hands indicate that 2/3 of the water used is consumed at the toilet system. But the water quality of the water used in the toilet system is not as high as that of the water used for washing hands. If water is saved, the water tank can thus be made smaller, since less fresh water is consumed. If the tank is designed to be too large, water sanitation issues can arise because bacteria can grow in the water in the tank over a period of days.

The water tank is designed such that it is sufficiently reliable (or safe) for one or two day operation. The amount of water provided for this purpose is therefore dependent on the consumption at the sink and the toilet system. In a typical installation, the output is about 0.2 to 0.3 litres per operation at the wash basin. The toilet system in rail vehicles requires about 0.4 to 0.5 liters of water per flush. It can be assumed that each bathing unit is used approximately 120 times per day in a rail vehicle. Depending on the rail vehicle type, these boundary conditions result in a fresh water tank having a volume of between 150 and 550 liters. In addition to the volume which must be taken into account as installation space in rail vehicles, the water tanks also have a large mass which must be carried along. The water tank is usually either made of stainless steel, in this case weighing approximately 150 kg; or from Polyethylene (PE), in this case weighing about 40 kg. The PE tank must be supported in a rack, also called a rack, which has a high dead weight because it must withstand the forces occurring during operation.

If less water is needed in the bathing unit, the water tank is designed to be smaller. If the tank is designed to be too large, the water change is infrequent and contamination of the water or bacterial growth can occur. Regular disinfection and cleaning of the tanks and pipes is performed to prevent such bacterial growth.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model is based on the object of providing a water supply device for rail vehicles which has a reduced weight and a reduced space requirement.

According to the utility model, a water supply device for rail vehicles is provided, which comprises a water consumption unit. The water supply device also comprises a water container or a water bucket, which is connected to the water line in an exchangeable manner, wherein the water line connects the water container to the water using unit in a water-conducting manner in order to supply water to the water using unit.

The water use unit can be, for example, a wash basin or a toilet system, for example in a bathing unit. Alternatively, the consumer unit can also be a wash basin, a dishwasher or a steamer or the like in a kitchen (also called a dining car), which is supplied with fresh water via a water container. In rail vehicles without passengers, the toilet system is designed to be small, so that it can be used as the sole water unit for the water container. In other words, the water container is a water bottle and is not strictly limited to having a certain volume and space size.

The water supply device has the advantage that it has a significantly lower weight than conventional water supply devices, since a heavy water tank is dispensed with and the water container has a significantly lower mass or deadweight than conventional water supply devices. The difference in mass can be several hundred kilograms compared to a commonly used water tank. Not only is weight reduced but cost is also reduced by replacement, as the water tank is a very expensive component. The water supply device is also constructed significantly more simply, since the equipment parts required for the water tank, such as the filling line, the overflow line and the frost drain line, are no longer required, and this results in a structural simplification. These pipelines require a higher outlay, since they have to be laid through the cabin and thus reduce the installation space. These lines are not required when the water container is used. There is no need to clean even the sludge trap of scale and dirt taken out of the water tank, because the water container is free from scale and dirt unlike the water tank. Furthermore, the slag trap must be regularly maintained, which can be eliminated with the present invention. Furthermore, water containers are commercially available products, which are usually standardized, i.e. unified, and readily available. Furthermore, the water container can be replaced by a train attendant and the rail vehicle no longer needs to travel into a parking lot for filling, which provides the operator with greater flexibility. Even the subsequent mounting can be carried out without problems. Furthermore, an improvement in hygiene is also achieved by using the water container and disinfection and cleaning of the water tank can be dispensed with. Kitchen hygiene issues are particularly important because water is used for preparing food and for rinsing cups.

Preferably, the water container is replaceably connected to the water line by an adapter. The water container can be more reliably connected to the water line by means of the adapter. The water container can thereby withstand the operating load during driving, so that the water container does not become detached during driving, for example, as a result of vibrations. Furthermore, the water container can be easily removed by means of a suitable adapter and can therefore be easily replaced.

Preferably, the water container comprises 15 to 25l, more preferably 17.5 to 22.5l,particular preference is given to a volume of 18.9l, where l stands for liter (dm)³). The final value corresponds to the volume of a water container which is customary at present, wherein the water container then has a mass of only about 20 kg in total. However, the utility model is not limited to a specific volume of water.

Preferably, the water container comprises a bracket by which the water container can be fixed and/or locked. This protects the water reservoir from the operating load during operation. Such a bracket also prevents rattling out of the connection end or adapter due to, for example, vibration during operation.

Preferably, the bracket comprises at least one half-shell at least partially enclosing the water container and/or a metal band wrapped (wound) around the water container. This is a preferred, simple and very effective embodiment for securing the water container, wherein the utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

Preferably, the water container or a holder of the water container comprises an insulating means or a heating element. The insulating means and the heating element may advantageously protect the water container from frost in winter. The insulation means may also prevent overheating of the water in summer, which promotes aggravated bacterial growth.

Preferably, the water container comprises a fill level meter which is provided to detect the fill level of the water container and to display a replacement signal and/or to transmit the replacement signal to the control device when a threshold value is undershot. The level measurement can be performed, for example, capacitively, wherein the utility model is not limited thereto. The level gauge may be fixed to the bracket. When the water level of the water container is measured to be too low or empty, the replacement of the water container can be carried out immediately by the liquid level measurement and the signal generation. It may also be closed (or locked) when used in a bath unit.

Preferably, the water container is located at a higher gravitational potential energy than the water usage unit. The water can thereby be automatically discharged from the water container to the water usage unit driven solely by gravity. The height difference over the gravitational field is suitably designed in such a way that the desired water flow [ volume/time ] can be achieved at the water consumer.

Preferably, the water circuit comprises a pump arranged for delivering an adjustable (or settable) water flow to the water usage unit. In this case, the water container may also be positioned close to the ground due to the pumping force. The advantage of being positioned close to the ground is that the water container is easy to replace, since less potential energy needs to be exerted at the time of replacement.

Preferably, the water unit is a hand sink. This is a preferred application of the utility model. For example, a hand wash basin may be positioned in a bath unit. If the possibility of saving water is utilized, the water supply or the water container can be designed such that only the hand basin is supplied by the water container.

Preferably, the hand sink is connected in a water-conducting manner to the waste water tank via a waste water line, wherein the water supply device comprises a toilet system which is also connected in a water-conducting manner to the waste water tank via a waste water line, and the water supply device comprises a waste water treatment device which is connected in a water-conducting manner to the waste water tank for treating waste water and is connected in a water-conducting manner to the toilet system for supplying treated waste water to the toilet system. In a correspondingly designed case, the toilet system can be supplied with water only from the waste water treatment device. The water container can then be supplied only to the sink. Thereby a very efficient and resource-saving water supply device is achieved.

Preferably the wash basin is arranged so that each operation consumes a volume of 150ml or less. Such a value corresponds to a reduction (or reduction) compared to the typical water volume per operation in the prior art, which is 0.2 to 0.3l per operation. At a value of 150ml and a typical volume of the water tank of 18.9l, each water tank can therefore be subjected to 126 sink operations, which is higher than the typical value of up to 120 operations per operating day of a german rail vehicle determined by field evaluation. The value is still lower in near trains. Even in countries outside germany, such as countries with different line characteristics, the value is lower, as indicated for example by field evaluations in spain. By means of the above-described design of the water volume, it is advantageous when using a standard water container of 18.9l, that for a full day of operation only one water container is available for a sufficient supply of wash basins and is replaced after the end of the operating day.

Preferably, the water supply device comprises a toilet water line which is connected in a water-conducting manner to the water line and which additionally connects the water container in a water-conducting manner to the toilet system in order to supply the latter. In this case, not only the wash basin, but also the toilet system can be supplied with water from a water container. This is advantageous, for example, if no water treatment device is provided at all or if the water treatment device supplies too little or temporarily too little or no effective supply of the toilet system.

Preferably, the water supply device comprises a second water container, wherein the second water container is connected to a second water line, and wherein the second water line connects the second water container to the toilet system in a water-conducting manner for supplying the toilet system. The toilet system and the hand basin can then be supplied separately from one another. This has the advantage that the water container can be designed more precisely with regard to its volume for the respective intended consumption.

Furthermore, a rail vehicle is proposed, which comprises a water supply device according to one of the above-mentioned embodiments. The rail vehicle has the advantages of the above-described design of the water supply system.

Drawings

The above features, characteristics and advantages of the present invention and methods and manners of achieving the same will become more apparent and better understood in conjunction with the following description of embodiments, which is set forth in greater detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

figure 1 shows a water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

figure 2 shows a water supply apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

figure 3 shows a water supply apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention,

figure 4 shows a water supply apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 5 shows a rail vehicle according to the utility model, and

fig. 6 shows a prior art water supply apparatus.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a water supply system 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment. The water supply apparatus 1 includes a water using unit 5. In this preferred embodiment, the water usage unit 5 is designed as a wash basin 30, which is preferably arranged inside a bath unit, wherein the utility model is not limited thereto. The water unit 5 can also be a toilet system 40 in a bathing unit, a toilet system 40 in a rail vehicle without passengers, in which the toilet system is designed to be relatively small, or a dishwasher, a steamer, or a hand sink, for example in a kitchen (also called a dining car). Here, the present invention is not limited to the above-described example of the water using unit 5.

The water supply unit 1 further includes a water container 10, and the water container 10 stores water to be output to the water using unit 5. The water reservoir 10 is connected to the water line 12 in an exchangeable manner, i.e. it can be replaced at any time or can be removed and replaced. A water line 12 connects the water container 10 in a water-conducting manner with the hand basin 30 for supplying the hand basin 30. In front of the basin 30 is mounted a valve 34, preferably an electromagnetic valve, for controlling the amount of water flowing to the basin.

The advantage of this water supply device is that the water container 10 is considerably lighter than the water tank of the conventional solution. Furthermore, piping that reduces installation space, such as filling lines, overflow lines and frost drain lines, are saved, for which purpose reference is made to fig. 6. Nor is a slag trap required because the water from the water container 10 already meets high hygienic requirements. Furthermore, the water container 10 can be replaced as required by the train attendant and the rail vehicle no longer needs to travel into the parking lot for filling. In addition, disinfection and cleaning, for example in the case of a water tank, are dispensed with.

In the present embodiment, the water container 10 also has an adapter 14, by means of which adapter 14 the water container 10 is reliably and replaceably connected to the water line 12, so that in operation a stable connection is still possible in the event of vibrations. Furthermore, the water container 10 can also be easily removed by means of the adapter 14.

The water container 10 preferably has a volume of 18.9 l. Alternatively, the water container 10 may have other suitable volume dimensions, if available, such as a range of 15 to 25l or 17.5 to 22.5l, wherein the utility model is not limited thereto. At a volume of 18.9l, the water container 10 weighs about 20 kg, which can be several hundred kg compared to a water tank. A water volume in the given range is particularly suitable for a one day supply of the wash basin 30.

The sink 30 may be arranged so that it consumes a volume of 150ml or less per operation. Such values correspond to a reduction compared to the typical water volume per operation in the prior art, which is 0.2 to 0.3l per operation.

The reduction in the amount of water is based on the understanding that the flow rate is not as important to the user as the duration of the water flow or the time of water output. Thus, if water is delivered to the user for a longer period of time, e.g. about 15 seconds, than the previous 5-7 seconds of delivery time, a quantity of 150ml of water is sufficient, thereby reducing the flow rate to 10 ml/s. The user can thus clean his hands thoroughly without any problems. Thus at a value of 150ml and an exemplary volume of 18.9l of water container 10, 126 operations of the hand wash basin 30 can be performed per water container 10. On-site evaluation has shown that for long distances the number of handbasins 30 handled in rail vehicles does not exceed 120 uses per day in most cases. The value is still lower in near trains. Even in countries outside germany, such as countries with different line characteristics, the value is lower, as indicated for example by field evaluations in spain. In germany, partly travel times of more than 8 hours and long distances of more than 800 km are relatively long and shorter in other countries. In the case of a shorter distance, the number of uses (or times) is reduced accordingly. With the above-described design of the water volume, it is advantageous when using a typical water container 10 of 18.9l, that only one water container 10 of this type can be used for a sufficient supply of wash basins for a full day of operation and can be replaced after completion.

As a safety measure, an additional water container can be provided as a spare part, which can be replaced during operation when the wash basin 30 is not standing high. For spare water containers, corresponding stands can be provided in the rail vehicle.

In this embodiment, the water container 10 can be secured and/or locked by the bracket 80, so that the water container 10 is securely fixed. This connection and locking can be done by the rail vehicle or a part of the rail vehicle, which is not explicitly shown here. Such a bracket 80 prevents rattling out of the connection end or adapter 14 due to, for example, vibration during operation.

In this particular design, the stand 80 (shown purely diagrammatically) comprises a plurality of metal strips 84, which metal strips 84 are arranged around the water container 10 and correspondingly fix the water container 10. Alternatively, other supports can also be used, for which purpose see, for example, fig. 2.

The stand 80 for the water container 10 can also be added to existing rail vehicles or additionally integrated in the bathing unit. Then, for a transitional period, water may be supplied through the water container 10. This may be the time from completion to the time of the transfer of the rail vehicle to the customer, for example. During this time, although the rail vehicle is running, little water is required because no one other than the crew uses the bathing unit. But if the water is not changed during this time, the water supply apparatus 1 becomes dirty. The water container 10 can be mounted at the transfer position and connected to the water supply. Thus, the water container 10 supports a classic water supply.

Additionally, even if not explicitly shown, the holder 80 or the water container 10 may advantageously have an insulating device or an alternative heating element relative thereto. The insulation and heating element may advantageously protect the water container 10 from frost in winter. The insulation means may also prevent overheating of the water in summer, which promotes aggravated bacterial growth.

In this embodiment, the water container 10 also comprises a fill level gauge 16. The fill level gauge is provided to detect the fill level of the water container 10 and to display a replacement signal and/or to transmit a replacement signal to the control device if a threshold value is undershot. The water container 10 can be replaced, for example, by a person by level measurement and signal generation or signal transmission, in order to ensure continued operation of the hand basin 30. The control means may be, for example, a control means of a bathing unit. When the wash basin 30 is used in a bath unit, it may also be closed.

Alternatively, an intermediate container with a level gauge for measuring the liquid level of the intermediate container can also be installed in the water line 12 between the water container 10 and the hand washing basin 30, wherein the intermediate container has a smaller volume, preferably a significantly smaller volume, such as, for example, 2l, than the water container 10. The level gauge is then provided for detecting the level of the intermediate container and, if the level falls below a threshold value, displaying a replacement signal or transmitting a replacement signal to the control device. The intermediate container is integrated in the water supply device in such a way that it begins to empty when the water container 10 is already empty or approximately empty. The time of emptying of the water container 10 can be better determined by this device, since the filling level of the intermediate container can be detected more easily or more precisely than the filling level of a larger water container due to its smaller volume. As a result of the generated signal, the staff can then change accordingly.

As is shown by way of example in this embodiment, the water container 10 is located at a higher gravitational potential than the hand basin 30, which is shown by the height difference 70. Water can thereby automatically flow through the water container 10 to the hand basin 30 driven by gravity. The height difference 70 in the gravitational field can be suitably designed such that the desired flow volume/time is achieved at the hand basin 30.

As is shown by way of example in fig. 1, the hand sink 30 is connected in a water-conducting manner to a waste water tank 50 via a waste water line 32, so that waste water can flow from the hand sink 30 into the waste water tank 50. The water supply device 1 also comprises a toilet system 40, the toilet system 40 also being connected in a water-conducting manner to a waste water tank 50 via its own waste water line 42, so that waste water from the toilet system 40 can also flow into the waste water tank. Spent wastewater, grey water and black water are collected in a wastewater tank 50. Advantageously, the suction line 52 leads out of the waste water tank 50 or the waste water tank is provided with at least one suction connection in order to convey waste water located in the waste water tank 50 out of the waste water tank 50. For cleaning the waste water tank 50, for example, a flushing line 51 or a flushing connection can also be provided in order to clean the waste water tank 50 periodically.

Purely by way of example, a filter 53 can be provided inside the waste water tank 50 for rough pre-cleaning of the waste water. The filter 53 is advantageously located in the region of the waste water tank 50 to which the return line 54 is connected. In the present embodiment, the return line 54 connects the wastewater tank 50 and the wastewater treatment apparatus 60 to each other in a water-conducting manner. As shown in fig. 1, a pump 56 for conveying the waste water to a waste water treatment device 60 can be provided in the return line 54.

The waste water treatment device 60 treats waste water from the waste water tank 50, for example. For example, a precipitation method may be used, wherein the present invention is not limited thereto. Furthermore, for example, a discharge line 62 is provided, through which the unusable portion of the waste water produced during the treatment process can be discharged.

Furthermore, the waste water treatment device 60 is connected in a water-conducting manner to the toilet system 40 via a return line 66 in order to supply the toilet system 40 with treated water. A corresponding pump 64 may also be provided in the return line 66 for conveying water back to the toilet system 40.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the toilet system 40 can therefore be operated exclusively with the treated waste water of the waste water treatment device 60, with a corresponding design. The water container 10 can then be supplied only to the hand basin 30 by means of the water container 10. Thereby forming a very efficient and resource-saving water supply device 1.

Fig. 2 shows a water supply system 1 according to a second exemplary embodiment. Only the differences with respect to fig. 1 are referred to below.

In contrast to fig. 1, the water container 10 is not positioned above the wash basin 30 with respect to the gravitational field. In this variant, the water line 12 therefore has, for example, a pump 18. The pump 18 is provided for this purpose for providing an adjustable water flow from the water container 10 to the wash basin 30. With a defined design of the volume of the water container 10 and the output time per operation on the hand washing basin 30, the water flow to be regulated can depend on the flow rates described in fig. 1.

In this case, the water container 10 may advantageously be located close to the ground and still provide an adjustable water flow at the hand wash basin 30 by means of the pump 18. The advantage of being located close to the ground is that it is easier to replace the water container 10, because less potential energy has to be applied for this process.

Furthermore, the bracket 80 is only shown by way of example in this figure, the bracket 80 comprising, according to a sketch, an exemplary design with two half-shells 82, the half-shells 82 at least partially enclosing the water container 10. However, the present invention is not limited to such a bracket 80. For example, the holder 80 according to fig. 1 can also be used for this variant.

A water supply apparatus 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. Only the differences from fig. 1 are referred to here. For the sake of clarity only, the holder 80 for the water container 10 is omitted in this and the next figures, wherein the holder according to fig. 1 or fig. 2 or other holders can be considered, respectively.

In contrast to fig. 1, the water supply device 1 comprises in this exemplary embodiment a toilet water line 19. The toilet water line 19 is connected to the water line 12 in a water-conducting manner. Furthermore, the toilet water line 19 is connected in a water-conducting manner to the toilet system 40 for supplying the toilet system 40.

Thus, both the sink 30 and the toilet system 40 can be supplied with water from a water container. This is advantageous, for example, if no waste water treatment device 60 is provided or if the return flow provided by the waste water treatment device 60 for the supply of the toilet system 40 is too small or temporarily too small or insufficient.

A water supply apparatus 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4. Only the differences from fig. 1 are referred to here.

As shown in fig. 1, the water supply system 1 comprises a first water container 10, which first water container 10 is connected, as shown in fig. 1, to a first water line 12 in an exchangeable manner, wherein the first water line 12 connects the first water container 10 to a wash basin 30 in a water-conducting manner for supplying the wash basin 30.

In contrast to fig. 1, a second water container 20 is provided. The second water container 20 is connected in an exchangeable manner to a second water line 22, wherein the second water line 22 connects the second water container 20 in a water-conducting manner to the toilet system 40 for supplying the toilet system 40. The second water container 20 can have the same volume or a different volume in relation to the first water container 10. Here, the second water container 20 may have the features described for the water container 10 according to fig. 1 or fig. 2, such as a bracket, a second adapter 24, a second level gauge 26, etc.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first water container 10 and the second water container 20 are each positioned above the respective hand basin 30 or the toilet system 40 with respect to the gravitational field. The first water container 10 has, for example, a first height difference 70 with respect to the wash basin 30 and the second water container 20 has a second height difference 72 with respect to the toilet system 40, wherein the first and

second height differences

70, 72 can differ from one another or be identical depending on the design.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use the pump described in fig. 2 and to position the

water containers

10, 20 close to the floor accordingly.

In this embodiment of the utility model the toilet system 40 and the hand basin 30 may be supplied separately, i.e. independently of each other. This has the advantage that the volume of the

water containers

10, 20 can be designed as desired.

Fig. 5 shows a rail vehicle 200 according to the utility model. The rail vehicle 200 comprises a water supply device 1 according to one of the embodiments described above. The water usage unit may preferably be located in a bathing unit, but may also be located in the galley of a rail transit vehicle, wherein the utility model is not limited thereto.

In a dual bath unit arrangement, where one tank supplies two bath units, the water container must now be provided for each bath unit, since the amount of water required.

Fig. 6 shows a water supply system 1 according to the prior art, in which further components are shown which differ and are required compared to fig. 1.

Compared to fig. 1, the related art water supply apparatus 1 has the conventional water tank 100, and the water tank 100 is heavier than the water container by many times. To fill the water tank 100, a first filling line 102 and a second filling line 104 are required in order to be able to fill the rail vehicle from both sides. Furthermore, the water tank 100 has an overflow line 106, so that excess water can be guided during filling. In the embodiments according to the utility model of fig. 1 to 4, these three lines are not required, whereby the water supply system requires a simpler and less space-saving installation.

A frost evacuation line 108 must be provided for the case of frost, the frost evacuation line 108 being controllable by a frost evacuation valve 110. The water line 112, which connects the water tank 100 to the toilet system 40 and the wash basin 30 in a water-conducting manner, also has a slag trap 114, which slag trap 114 cleans scale (Kalk) and dirt from the water taken from the water tank 100. Such a slag trap 114 is not required in the embodiment of the utility model according to fig. 1 to 4, since the water originating from the water container is not dirty and does not have scale. Regular maintenance of the slag trap is therefore also eliminated. The waste line 32 of the hand basin 30 leading to the waste tank 50 can also have a discharge valve 122, preferably a three-way valve, to lead grey water out through a discharge line 120.

While the utility model has been shown and described in further detail with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, the utility model is not limited to the disclosed embodiments and other alternative designs may be devised therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. Water supply device (1) for rail vehicles, comprising:

a water use unit (5);

a water container (10) which is replaceably connected to a water line (12), characterized in that the water line (12) connects the water container (10) to the water usage unit (5) in a water-conducting manner for supplying water to the water usage unit,

wherein the water unit (5) is a hand sink (30).

2. Water supply installation (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the water container (10) is replaceably connected to the water line (12) by means of an adapter (14).

3. Water supply installation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water container (10) comprises a volume of 15 to 25 l.

4. Water supply device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the water container (10) comprises a volume of 17.5 to 22.5 l.

5. Water supply device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the water container (10) comprises a volume of 18.9 l.

6. Water supply device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water container (10) comprises a bracket (80) by means of which the water container (10) can be fixed and/or locked.

7. Water supply device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the bracket (80) comprises at least one half-shell (82) at least partially enclosing the water container (10) and/or a metal band (84) wrapped around the water container (10).

8. Water supply device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said water container (10) or said holder of said water container (10) comprises insulating means or heating elements.

9. Water supply device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water container (10) comprises a level meter (16) which is arranged to detect the level of the water container (10) and to display a replacement signal and/or to transmit a replacement signal to the control means when a threshold value is undershot.

10. Water supply installation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water container (10) is located at a higher gravitational potential than the water usage unit (5).

11. Water supply installation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the water line (12) comprises a pump (18) arranged for directing an adjustable inflow of water to the water usage unit (5).

12. Water supply installation (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the hand basin (30) is connected in a water-conducting manner with a waste water tank (50) by means of a waste water line (32), and wherein the water supply installation (1) comprises a toilet system (40), the toilet system (40) being connected in a water-conducting manner with the waste water tank (50) by means of a waste water line (42), and the water supply installation (1) comprises a waste water treatment device (60), the waste water treatment device (60) being connected in a water-conducting manner with the waste water tank (50) for the treatment of waste water and with the toilet system (40) for the supply of treated waste water to the toilet system (40).

13. Water supply installation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the wash basin (30) is arranged so that it consumes a volume of 150ml or less per operation.

14. Water supply installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the water supply installation (1) comprises a toilet water line (19), the toilet water line (19) being connected in a water-conducting manner with the water line (12), and the water container (10) being additionally connected in a water-conducting manner with a toilet system (40) for supplying the toilet system (40).

15. Water supply device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water supply device (1) comprises a second water container (20), wherein the second water container (20) is replaceably connected to a second water line (22), wherein the second water line (22) connects the second water container (20) in a water-conducting manner with a toilet system (40) for supplying the toilet system (40).

16. Rail vehicle (200), characterized in that it comprises a water supply device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 15.