CN215870874U - Charging is with preventing reverse-connection and preventing reverse-filling protection circuit and charger - Google Patents
Charging is with preventing reverse-connection and preventing reverse-filling protection circuit and charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN215870874U CN215870874U CN202122329132.7U CN202122329132U CN215870874U CN 215870874 U CN215870874 U CN 215870874U CN 202122329132 U CN202122329132 U CN 202122329132U CN 215870874 U CN215870874 U CN 215870874U
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Abstract
A charging is with preventing reverse connection and preventing reverse filling protection circuit and charger, wherein the protection circuit includes triode Q1, triode Q2, MOS pipe Q3, voltage comparator U1, charge input interface and charging output interface, charge the input interface and use for exporting the direct current, charge the output interface and use for connecting the battery to be charged; an E pole of the triode Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the charging input interface, the positive pole of the battery and the positive power end of the voltage comparator U1, a C pole is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface through a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 which are sequentially connected in series, and a B pole is connected to the negative pole of the battery through a resistor R3. The utility model utilizes the voltage of the battery to control the conduction and the cut-off of the MOS tube, and simultaneously utilizes the voltage comparator to form a detection circuit, thereby not only effectively preventing the reverse connection of the battery, but also preventing the battery from flowing backwards.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of charger protection circuit design, in particular to a reverse connection prevention and reverse irrigation prevention protection circuit for charging and a charger.
Background
A reliable electronic product or system must design a complete protection circuit to cope with various situations that may be encountered during the use, such as overload, short circuit of load, overvoltage, undervoltage, and various electromagnetic disturbances (e.g., electrostatic discharge), etc., so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the product. For electronic products or circuits powered by a direct current power supply, the reverse polarity of the power supply can cause serious consequences such as part damage, system failure and the like. Many products (such as inverters and the like) are often connected with an electrolytic capacitor in parallel at a direct current input side, and if the positive electrode and the negative electrode of an input power supply are connected in reverse, the electrolytic capacitor is easily damaged, so that the damage which cannot be recovered by self is caused.
As a daily commonly used electronic product, a charger not only needs to provide current, voltage and duration required by a battery charging process, but also needs to have a protection function for preventing the reverse connection and short circuit of the battery. Because the reverse connection of the battery may damage the charging circuit and the battery and even cause explosion of the battery. Meanwhile, if the anti-backflow circuit is not arranged in a circuit with the battery as the load, when the input power supply disappears, the battery can supply power to the charging management circuit in turn. Therefore, the electric quantity of the battery is wasted, and in some occasions (especially a charging device with large current), the battery flows backward and even causes permanent damage to a charging circuit. Therefore, the backflow prevention protection circuit plays a very important role in the charging management circuit.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides an anti-reverse connection and anti-reverse flow protection circuit for charging and a charger.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-reverse connection and anti-reverse-filling protection circuit for charging, which includes a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a MOS transistor Q3, a voltage comparator U1, a charging input interface, and a charging output interface, wherein:
the charging input interface is used for outputting direct current, and the charging output interface is used for connecting a battery to be charged;
an E electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the charging input interface, the positive electrode of the battery and a positive power source end of the voltage comparator U1, a C electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the charging input interface through a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 which are sequentially connected in series, and a B electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery through a resistor R3;
the E pole of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the C pole is connected to the equipotential connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the B pole is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator U1 through the resistor R6;
the S pole of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the D pole is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the G pole is connected to the equipotential connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2;
the negative power end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the same-direction input end is connected to the negative pole of the battery through a resistor R7, and the reverse-direction input end is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface through a resistor R4.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are both PNP transistors, and the MOS transistor Q3 is an N-MOS transistor.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, the protection circuit further includes a zener diode Z1, an anode of the zener diode Z1 is connected to the S-pole of the MOS transistor Q3, and a cathode of the zener diode Z1 is connected to the G-pole of the MOS transistor Q3.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, a resistor R5 is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the voltage comparator U1.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R5.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resistances of the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R6 are the same, the resistance of the resistor R1 is smaller than the resistance of the resistor R2, and the resistance of the resistor R5 is larger than the resistance of the resistor R2.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, the resistor R7 is formed by connecting two resistors in parallel, one of the two resistors connected in parallel is the same as the resistor R2, the other is the same as the resistor R5, and the total resistance after the two resistors are connected in parallel is smaller than the resistor R2.
According to another aspect of the utility model, the utility model further provides a charger which comprises any one of the charging reverse connection prevention and reverse flow prevention protection circuits, and the charger charges a battery through the charging reverse connection prevention and reverse flow prevention protection circuit.
According to the anti-reverse connection and anti-reverse flow protection circuit for charging and the charger, by adopting the technical scheme, the anti-reverse connection and anti-reverse flow protection circuit for charging and the charger utilize the voltage of the battery to control the conduction and the cut-off of the MOS tube, and simultaneously utilize the voltage comparator to form the detection circuit, so that the anti-reverse connection of the battery can be effectively prevented, the battery can be prevented from flowing backwards, and the anti-reverse flow protection circuit has the advantages of simplicity, reliability, low cost and the like, and can be used for various charger products.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an example provided by the reverse connection prevention and reverse filling prevention protection circuit for charging according to the present invention.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the preferred embodiments, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the utility model, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not changed or modified substantially without changing the technical content of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an anti-reverse connection and anti-reverse-flow protection circuit for charging, including a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a MOS transistor Q3, a voltage comparator U1, a charging input interface and a charging output interface, wherein:
the charging input interface is used for outputting direct current, and the charging output interface is used for connecting a battery to be charged;
an E electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the charging input interface, the positive electrode of the battery and a positive power source end of the voltage comparator U1, a C electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the charging input interface through a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 which are sequentially connected in series, and a B electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery through a resistor R3;
the E pole of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the C pole is connected to the equipotential connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the B pole is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator U1 through the resistor R6;
the S pole of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the D pole is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the G pole is connected to the equipotential connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2;
the negative power supply end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the equidirectional input end is connected to the negative pole of the battery through a resistor R7, the reverse input end is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface through a resistor R4, a resistor R5 is connected between the reverse input end and the output end of the voltage comparator U1, and two ends of the resistor R5 are connected with a capacitor C1 in parallel.
The protection circuit further comprises a voltage stabilizing diode Z1, wherein the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z1 is connected with the S pole of the MOS transistor Q3, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z1 is connected with the G pole of the MOS transistor Q3.
In one embodiment, the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are PNP transistors, and the MOS transistor Q3 is an N-MOS transistor.
In another specific implementation, the resistances of the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R6 are the same, the resistance of the resistor R1 is smaller than that of the resistor R2, the resistance of the resistor R5 is larger than that of the resistor R2, the resistor R7 is formed by connecting two resistors in parallel, one of the two resistors connected in parallel is the same as that of the resistor R2, the other is the same as that of the resistor R5, and the total resistance after the two resistors are connected in parallel is smaller than that of the resistor R2.
Specifically, the resistance of the resistor R1 is 2K ohms, the resistances of the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R6 are all 10K ohms, the resistance of the resistor R5 is 499K ohms, and the resistor R7 is formed by connecting two resistors of 10K ohms and 499K ohms in parallel.
The utility model also provides a charger which comprises the reverse connection prevention and reverse filling prevention protection circuit for charging, and the charger charges a battery through the reverse connection prevention and reverse filling prevention protection circuit for charging.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
the charger charges the battery, the triode Q1 is used as an auxiliary switch, and only when the battery has voltage and is connected with correct polarity, the B, E electrode of the triode Q1 is conducted in positive bias, so that the MOS transistor Q3 is conducted, and the battery can be normally charged. At this time, the charging current flows through the MOS transistor Q3 from right to left, the current detection circuit composed of the voltage comparator U1 and its peripheral components outputs a low level, and the transistor Q2 is turned off. When the battery is reversely connected, the triode Q1 is cut off due to reverse bias of the B, E pole, so that the MOS transistor Q3 is cut off, and the function of preventing the reverse connection of the battery is achieved. In other words, the transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q3 are turned on by the battery voltage, and if the battery is reversely connected, they cannot be turned on, and the current path between the charging input interface and the battery is cut off, i.e. the protection purpose is achieved.
In addition, when the charging input interface is cut off, transistor Q1 and MOS transistor Q3 remain conductive due to the battery voltage, and the battery attempts to flow backward through the input. At this time, the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high level, the transistor Q2 is turned on, and the MOS transistor Q3 is turned off, thereby performing a backflow prevention function.
The innovative technology of the embodiment is as follows: in the power supply reverse connection prevention protection circuit, the MOS tube reverse connection prevention protection scheme has the advantages of small loss, high switching speed, stability, reliability, small occupied space and the like, and is the mainstream power supply reverse connection prevention protection scheme at present. However, in the charger product, because the input and the load belong to the power supply, the simple MOS transistor reverse connection prevention protection cannot effectively prevent the damage caused by the reverse connection of the battery. Therefore, according to the improved scheme provided by the scheme, the MOS tube is controlled to be switched on and off by using the voltage of the battery, and the voltage comparator is used for forming the detection circuit, so that the reverse connection of the battery can be effectively prevented, the battery can be prevented from flowing backwards, the improved scheme has the advantages of simplicity, reliability, low cost and the like, and can be used for various charger products.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a protection circuit is prevented joining conversely and is prevented flowing backward with charging which characterized in that, includes triode Q1, triode Q2, MOS pipe Q3, voltage comparator U1, charges input interface and charging output interface, wherein:
the charging input interface is used for outputting direct current, and the charging output interface is used for connecting a battery to be charged;
an E electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the charging input interface, the positive electrode of the battery and a positive power source end of the voltage comparator U1, a C electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the charging input interface through a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 which are sequentially connected in series, and a B electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery through a resistor R3;
the E pole of the triode Q2 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the C pole is connected to the equipotential connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the B pole is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator U1 through the resistor R6;
the S pole of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the D pole is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the G pole is connected to the equipotential connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2;
the negative power end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface, the same-direction input end is connected to the negative pole of the battery through a resistor R7, and the reverse-direction input end is connected to the negative pole of the charging input interface through a resistor R4.
2. The charging protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are both PNP transistors, and the MOS transistor Q3 is an N-MOS transistor.
3. The charging reverse connection prevention and reverse filling prevention protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the protection circuit further comprises a voltage stabilizing diode Z1, an anode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z1 is connected with an S pole of the MOS tube Q3, and a cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode Z1 is connected with a G pole of the MOS tube Q3.
4. The charging reverse connection prevention and reverse connection prevention protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein a resistor R5 is connected between a reverse input end and an output end of the voltage comparator U1.
5. The charging reverse connection prevention and reverse connection prevention protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with two ends of the resistor R5.
6. The reverse connection prevention and reverse connection prevention protection circuit for charging according to claim 1, wherein the resistances of the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R6 are the same, the resistance of the resistor R1 is smaller than that of the resistor R2, and the resistance of the resistor R5 is larger than that of the resistor R2.
7. The charging reverse connection prevention and reverse filling prevention protection circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein the resistor R7 is composed of two parallel resistors, one of the two parallel resistors has the same resistance as the resistor R2, the other resistor has the same resistance as the resistor R5, and the total resistance after parallel connection is smaller than the resistance of the resistor R2.
8. A charger comprising the charging reverse-connection prevention and reverse-connection prevention protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the charger charging a battery through the charging reverse-connection prevention and reverse-connection prevention protection circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122329132.7U CN215870874U (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Charging is with preventing reverse-connection and preventing reverse-filling protection circuit and charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122329132.7U CN215870874U (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Charging is with preventing reverse-connection and preventing reverse-filling protection circuit and charger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215870874U true CN215870874U (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122329132.7U Active CN215870874U (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Charging is with preventing reverse-connection and preventing reverse-filling protection circuit and charger |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215870874U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-09-24 CN CN202122329132.7U patent/CN215870874U/en active Active
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