CN215869744U - Large antenna with friction pendulum shock-absorbing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises an upper seat plate, a damping pendulum and a lower seat plate which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the bottom surface of the upper seat plate and the bottom surface of the damping pendulum are both smooth convex surfaces, the top surface of the damping pendulum and the top surface of the lower seat plate are both smooth concave surfaces, and the smooth concave surfaces and the smooth convex surfaces are respectively in one-to-one correspondence; the top of the lower seat plate is also provided with a shock insulation stop block, and the shock insulation stop block and the lower seat plate are fixed through a shear pin bolt perpendicular to the shock insulation stop block and the lower seat plate; the shock absorption pendulum is positioned in an area formed by the shock insulation stop block, and the shock absorption pendulum is tightly attached to the shock insulation stop block; the edge of the top of the lower seat plate is provided with a limiting wall for restricting the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate. The utility model has the shock insulation and absorption functions on the reflector, thereby reducing the occurrence of risks and the loss of damage; meanwhile, the device has the characteristics of low cost, high reliability and easiness in installation and maintenance.

Description

Large antenna with friction pendulum shock-absorbing structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure.

Background

Typically, the main structure of a large antenna mainly comprises two parts, namely a chassis part and a reflector part. Wherein the reflector part functions as a functional part of the antenna. The reflector bears a large-area reflecting surface for receiving electromagnetic wave signals collected in the deep space, not only has a more complex structural form, but also can be provided with a plurality of expensive and precise devices, which is the main contradiction of the antenna. The seat frame belongs to a steel structure support subordinate part with a simpler structure form and has the function of supporting and driving the reflector part to perform pitching and azimuth motion.

For decades, humans have built more and more large telescope antennas but their basic form is rarely innovative. Such as 65 meters astronomical telescope built in Shanghai, 66 meters deep space exploration antenna built in Jia Musi, 70 caliber antenna built in Tianjin, and 120 meters antenna in Yunnan. Such conventional large antenna structures are characterized by high height, large weight and volume. The reflector portion is connected to the mount only by two pitch axis seating positions. The form hardly considers the damage of earthquake to the antenna structure from the perspective of structural design, and no active shock absorption measure is taken. In addition, the construction and site selection of the large telescope antenna mainly pursues a pure electromagnetic environment far away from modern human life and the requirement of large span of networking observation among a plurality of large antennas, but mainly considers the influence of earthquake. Therefore, besides the large-scale built antennas, some devices which are not built can be built on the seismic belt, and the potential hazard of earthquake ring breaking exists. If once earthquake happens, the large antenna with huge height, weight and volume can directly bear the impact and vibration brought by earthquake waves, and deformation, damage and collapse are easy to happen, and the consequences are not imaginable.

In recent years, domestic seismic isolation and absorption technologies for dealing with earthquake disaster damage are developed greatly and are widely popularized and applied to many high-rise buildings and large-scale equipment. In particular to a mature friction pendulum vibration isolating and absorbing structure applied in recent years. The well-designed arc sliding surface structure can prolong the natural vibration period of the structure and play a role in damping; the sliding surface friction coefficient which is reasonably designed can play a good energy consumption role, has larger bearing capacity and a resetting function, and also has the advantages of light weight, convenient processing and manufacturing, easy installation and maintenance and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present invention provides a large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure. The structure can effectively play a role in shock insulation and shock absorption for the antenna structure main body, particularly the reflector part, in the earthquake occurrence process, so that the occurrence of risks and the damage loss can be reduced; meanwhile, the device has the characteristics of low cost, high reliability and easiness in installation and maintenance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure includes a reflector and a mount; and a friction pendulum damping structure is arranged between the reflector and the seat frame.

Furthermore, the friction pendulum damping structure is a simple pendulum structure or a compound pendulum structure.

Furthermore, the friction pendulum damping structure comprises an upper seat plate, a damping pendulum and a lower seat plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the bottom surface of the upper seat plate and the bottom surface of the damping pendulum are both smooth convex surfaces, the top surface of the damping pendulum and the top surface of the lower seat plate are both smooth concave surfaces, and the smooth concave surfaces and the smooth convex surfaces are respectively in one-to-one correspondence; the top of the lower seat plate is also provided with a shock insulation stop block, and the shock insulation stop block and the lower seat plate are fixed through a shear pin bolt which is vertical and penetrates through the shock insulation stop block and the lower seat plate; the shock absorption pendulum is positioned in an area formed by the shock insulation stop block, and the shock absorption pendulum is tightly attached to the shock insulation stop block; the edge of the top of the lower seat plate is provided with a limiting wall for restricting the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate.

Furthermore, the maximum height of the shock insulation stop block is lower than that of the limiting wall, and the top of the upper seat plate is higher than the limiting wall; one side of the upper seat plate is provided with a downward extension which is positioned in an area formed by the limiting wall, and the outward movement trend of the upper seat plate is limited by the limiting wall.

Furthermore, a damping sliding plate used for reducing friction force is arranged between the upper seat plate and the damping pendulum and between the damping pendulum and the lower seat plate.

Furthermore, a shock insulation stop blocks are arranged along the central line of the concave surface of the lower seat plate, wherein a is more than or equal to 1; the shock insulation stop block on the outer side is provided with the shear pin bolt.

Further, the device also comprises a cable and a cable power device for pulling the cable; a pitching shaft seat is arranged at the top of an upper seat plate of the friction pendulum damping structure, and the bottom of the reflector is fixed with the pitching shaft; the cable power device is arranged at the bottom of the seat frame, one end of each cable is connected with the corresponding cable power device, and the other end of each cable is connected to the reflector above the corresponding cable power device; the cable power device drives the reflector to perform pitching motion through the cable.

The utility model adopts the technical scheme to produce the beneficial effects that:

1. the friction pendulum shock absorption structure between the reflector and the seat frame has good shock insulation and shock absorption effects on the reflector, and reduces the damage of an earthquake to the reflector.

2. The damping pendulum has a self-resetting function under the action of the gravity of the damping pendulum, and is high in reliability and easy to install and maintain.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic half-sectional view of a damping structure of a friction pendulum according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a large antenna used in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the stabilizer structure of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the cable power plant of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the pitch accuracy control structure of fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the pitch limiting structure of fig. 3.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a seat frame, 1.1, rollers, 1.2, a shaft seat, 2, a reflector, 3, a cable, 3.1 a cable power device, 3.2, a cable stress structure, 3.1.1 and a motor reducer combination, 3.1.2, a hoisting drum, 3.1.4, a tension sensor, 3.1.5, a terminal, 4, a foundation, 4.1, an annular steel rail, 5, a cable stabilizing structure, 5.1, a pulley, 5.2, a tension sensor, 5.3, a terminal, 5.4, an elastic component, 6, a pitching precision control structure, 6.1, a meshing gear, 6.2, a small sector gear, 6.3, an annular code disc, 7, a pitching limiting structure, 7.1, a main steel frame, 7.2, a buffering platform, 7.3, a buffering unit, 7.4, a locking mechanism, 8, a friction pendulum damping structure, an 8.1 upper seat plate, an 8.2 lower seat plate, 8.3 damping pendulum, 8.4 damping slide plates, 8.5.5 bolts, 8.6.5 and a shear pin.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments. The following detailed description, of course, is merely illustrative of various aspects of the utility model and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.

A large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure includes a reflector and a mount; and a friction pendulum damping structure is arranged between the reflector and the seat frame.

Furthermore, the friction pendulum damping structure is a simple pendulum structure or a compound pendulum structure.

Furthermore, the friction pendulum damping structure comprises an upper seat plate, a damping pendulum and a lower seat plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the bottom surface of the upper seat plate and the bottom surface of the damping pendulum are both smooth convex surfaces, the top surface of the damping pendulum and the top surface of the lower seat plate are both smooth concave surfaces, and the smooth concave surfaces and the smooth convex surfaces are respectively in one-to-one correspondence; the top of the lower seat plate is also provided with a shock insulation stop block, and the shock insulation stop block and the lower seat plate are fixed through a shear pin bolt which is vertical and penetrates through the shock insulation stop block and the lower seat plate; the shock absorption pendulum is positioned in an area formed by the shock insulation stop block, and the shock absorption pendulum is tightly attached to the shock insulation stop block; the edge of the top of the lower seat plate is provided with a limiting wall for restricting the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate.

Furthermore, the maximum height of the shock insulation stop block is lower than that of the limiting wall, and the top of the upper seat plate is higher than the limiting wall; one side of the upper seat plate is provided with a downward extension which is positioned in an area formed by the limiting wall, and the outward movement trend of the upper seat plate is limited by the limiting wall.

Furthermore, a damping sliding plate used for reducing friction force is arranged between the upper seat plate and the damping pendulum and between the damping pendulum and the lower seat plate.

Furthermore, a shock insulation stop blocks are arranged along the central line of the concave surface of the lower seat plate, wherein a is more than or equal to 1; the shock insulation stop block on the outer side is provided with the shear pin bolt.

Further, the device also comprises a cable and a cable power device for pulling the cable; a pitching shaft seat is arranged at the top of an upper seat plate of the friction pendulum damping structure, and the bottom of the reflector is fixed with the pitching shaft; the cable power device is arranged at the bottom of the seat frame, one end of each cable is connected with the corresponding cable power device, and the other end of each cable is connected to the reflector above the corresponding cable power device; the cable power device drives the reflector to perform pitching motion through the cable.

The following is a specific example:

referring to fig. 1 to 7, the friction pendulum damping structure of the present embodiment includes an upper seat plate, a lower seat plate, a damping pendulum, a damping slide plate, a vibration isolation stopper, a shear pin, and a limiting wall. The damping pendulum and the damping slide plate are matched between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate. The shock insulation stop blocks are distributed around the shock absorption pendulum and are attached to the lower seat plate. The shear pin bolt fixes the shock insulation stop block on the lower seat plate. The limiting wall is fixed on the outer side of the lower seat plate, extends upwards for a certain height and is of a semi-open structure.

The embodiment has better effect when being installed on a large cable-driven pitching motion type large radio telescope which mainly comprises a seat frame 1, a reflector 2, a cable 3 and a cable driving device.

The seat frame 1 is a large space steel frame structure. A group of roller 1.1 mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the device, so that the direction rotation function of the device can be realized; two pitching shaft seats 1.2 are arranged at the upper part of the reflector, are used for supporting the reflector and are matched with the reflector to realize pitching rotation relative to a pitching shaft (which can be regarded as a connecting line of the two pitching shaft seats).

The reflector comprises a reflecting surface and a space net rack for supporting the reflecting surface. The reflector is mounted on the mount and has rotational freedom. The lower part of the lifting mechanism is provided with a pitching shaft mechanism. The reflector is matched and connected with a pitching shaft seat of the seat frame, so that the reflector has a degree of freedom of rotation relative to the seat frame along the pitching shaft.

The reflector and mount configurations described above are arranged in a bi-directional symmetrical fashion, i.e. the telescope primary configuration is symmetrical when the reflector is pointing vertically upwards, both in the direction of the pitch axis and perpendicular to the pitch axis. The connecting line (pitch axis) between the two pitch axis seats on the seat frame is parallel to the ground; the optical axis of the reflector is perpendicular to and intersects with the pitching axis, and the pitching axis is also perpendicular to and intersects with the azimuth axis. This symmetrical configuration allows a rotational motion capability of the reflector with respect to the mount along the pitch axis that is reasonably bilaterally symmetrical.

The cable driving device mainly comprises a cable power device 3.1 and a cable stress structure 3.2. The cable driving device achieves the purpose of pitching motion of the reflector rotating towards the two sides of the pitching shaft to the same degree. The cable power devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom of the seat frame. The cable power device adopts a winch structure with a motor servo and mainly comprises a motor speed reducer assembly 3.1.1, a winch drum 3.1.2, a cable 3 wound on the winch drum, a tension sensor 3.1.4, a terminal 3.1.5 and the like. The motor reducer combination drives the winding drum to rotate in the positive and negative directions, so that the rope wound on the winding drum is driven to extend or shorten. The tension sensor is used for monitoring whether the tension of the cable is uniform and in a reasonable range. Corresponding to the cable power device on the seat frame, the cable stress structure is arranged at the lower part of the reflector and is also symmetrically distributed at two sides. The cable power device and the cable stress structure are connected through a cable.

The cable is provided with one or more cables. The plurality of cables corresponds to more than one cable drive device. The safety cables are arranged in the cables, so that tension is not mainly provided when the telescope is normally used, and the safety cables play a role in special conditions such as breakage of other cables and the like, so that the reflector can safely fall back to a stable posture under extreme conditions.

The large radio telescope further comprises a foundation 4, wherein an annular steel rail 4.1 is arranged on the foundation and corresponds to the roller mechanism at the bottom of the seat frame, and the rotary motion of the seat frame on the annular steel rail is realized.

The large radio telescope further comprises a guy wire structure 5. The cable stabilizer structure is mounted on the seat frame and is connected to the cable by means of a pulley 5.1 assembly at the projecting end, the cable and the projecting end being in contact via the pulley and not fixed in position. The cable stabilizing mechanism is provided with a tension sensor 5.2 for tension and extension length and a terminal 5.3 connected to the sensor at the extension end so as to adjust the uniformity of the tension of each cable in real time. For the multi-cord case, there is also an elastic component. The structure is similar to the constraint between high-altitude high-voltage electric wires and is used for limiting the position and the distance between a plurality of ropes near a cross section. In the pitching motion process, the relative angle and distance between the cables can be changed, and the elastic parts 5.4 such as springs are adopted to adjust different constraint points. The function of the cable stabilizing structure is to overcome the unfavorable conditions of abnormal cable shaking vibration and the like which can occur under the conditions of strong wind, equipment vibration and the like.

The large radio telescope further comprises a pitching precision control structure 6, wherein the pitching precision control structure is a small sector gear mechanism and mainly comprises a meshing gear 6.1 and a small sector gear 6.2. The small sector gear is reversely arranged at the bottom of the reflector, penetrates through the reflector and is coaxial with the pitching shaft; the meshing gear is arranged on the seat frame and meshed with the small sector gear, and a motor reducer assembly or a damping motor provides torque. In the pitching motion process of the reflector, the cable driving device generates huge pulling force to enable the reflector to rotate along the pitching axis, and meanwhile, the small sector gear mechanism generates certain reverse counter torque. By matching a positive moment and a negative moment, the pitching angle of the auxiliary reflector is accurately controlled, so that the pitching motion of the reflector is more stable. Meanwhile, the mechanism can also assist in outputting rotation data, such as an annular coded disc 6.3 fixed on a small sector gear, and can also play a certain braking role so as to be used for locking the pitching attitude of the reflector.

The pitch accuracy control structure is rigid in motion property relative to the cable drive, and the pitch accuracy control structure is flexible; in the sport literature, the two are respectively equivalent to a Xiucai and a Hercules, the main driving force in the pitching motion process is provided by the cable driving, and when the cable driving precision control capability is insufficient, the pitching precision control mechanism plays a role.

The pitch precision control mechanism may be a hydraulic or lead screw type servo control mechanism capable of precision control.

The large radio telescope further comprises a pitching limiting structure 7. The two pitching limiting structures are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the seat frame and respectively correspond to the pitching angle limits of the seat frame. The pitching limiting structure mainly comprises a main steel frame 7.1, a buffering platform 7.2, a buffering unit 7.3, a locking mechanism 7.4 and the like. The contact platform is positioned at the protruding end part of the main body steel frame, and the buffer unit and the locking mechanism are respectively arranged on the contact platform. When the pitching motion is fast to the limit position, the preset protruding position of the reflector firstly contacts the buffer mechanism of the pitching limiting device, and the reflector reaches the limit position and stops moving after the impact force and the speed of the reflector are buffered. The locking mechanism can at this time strongly and effectively lock the reflector.

The vertical direction of the reflector of the large radio telescope is 0 degree, and the pitching motion of about +/-85 degrees can be realized.

When the telescope observes on the sky, the roller mechanism on the seat frame rotates on the annular steel rail of the foundation, so that the azimuth motion of the whole telescope is realized; the cable driving device and various auxiliary mechanisms realize the pitching motion of the reflector. The azimuth and the pitching motion have the functions of acceleration, deceleration, positioning, braking and the like, and the two motions are matched with each other, so that the accurate pointing of the reflector is realized.

The pitching motion is completed by the cable driving devices on two sides. The hoisting drum of the cable driving device on one side recovers the cable while the cable is released on the other side, so that the pitching action of the reflector is realized, and the pitching posture of the reflector is realized through the reverse movement. In the limit condition of pitching motion, the reflectors are respectively positioned at the lowest angles at the two sides of the seat frame and correspond to the pitching limiting devices at each side, so that the safety of the telescope antenna at the limit angle is ensured.

The upper seat plate of the friction pendulum damping structure is connected with the pitching shaft seat, and the lower seat plate of the friction pendulum damping structure is connected with the seat frame.

Wherein, the reflector is connected with two pitching shaft seats through two pitching shafts. The two pitching shaft seats are respectively arranged at the top parts of the upper seat plates of the two friction pendulum damping structures. The lower seat plates of the two friction pendulum damping structures are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper end of the seat frame. The seat frame is placed on the foundation rail and can make azimuth rotary motion on the foundation rail. The cable driving device is arranged on the seat frame and is connected with the reflector through a flexible cable in the device, and the bidirectional traction effect of the cable driving device is utilized to realize the pitching motion of the reflector around a pitching shaft relative to the seat frame.

The friction pendulum damping structure 8 mainly comprises an upper seat plate 8.1, a lower seat plate 8.2, a damping pendulum 8.3, a damping sliding plate 8.4, a shock insulation stop block 8.5, a shear pin bolt 8.6, a limiting wall 8.7 and the like. The upper seat plate 8.1 is connected with the pitching shaft seat 2, and the lower seat plate 8.2 is connected with the seat frame 6. The damping pendulum 8.3 and the damping sliding plate 4.4 are matched between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate. The shock insulation stop blocks 4.5 are distributed around the shock absorption pendulum 8.3 and are attached to the lower seat plate 8.2. The shear pin 8.6 penetrates through the upper seat plate 8.1 to fix the shock insulation stop block 8.5 on the lower seat plate 8.2. The limiting wall 8.7 is fixed at the outer side of the lower seat plate 8.2, extends upwards for a certain height and is of a semi-open structure.

When no earthquake occurs, the friction pendulum shock absorption structure is equivalent to a fixed support transition section due to the action of the shear pin bolt, and the normal use of the antenna is not influenced.

When an earthquake occurs, the antenna structure can shake integrally. When the ground shakes violently to a given degree as the earthquake grade increases, the shear pin of the friction pendulum damping structure is sheared off, and then the damping pendulum begins to swing along with the seat frame. The structure natural vibration period can be prolonged through the arc sliding surface elaborately designed at the matching part of the upper and lower seat plates and the damping pendulum, and the conversion principle of kinetic energy and potential energy is utilized, so that a certain damping effect is achieved.

In the structure, when the earthquake intensity is overlarge, the limiting wall limits the movement range of the upper seat plate on the outer side and the height, so that the limiting wall cannot exceed the limited range of the limiting wall. Meanwhile, the cable-driven cables generate downward pulling force on the reflector, and the pulling force is increased along with the increase of the upward displacement of the reflector generated by earthquake vibration, which is a restraining effect for the upward and downward deviation inclination of the friction pendulum. The device is limited and pulled back to the original position, thereby avoiding the occurrence of overturning.

In general, compared with the existing large telescope antenna, the main structure provided by the utility model is mainly characterized in that a friction pendulum transition section with a specific structure is added at the top end of the original seat frame, and meanwhile, the original sector gear driving pitching motion mode is abandoned and changed into a bidirectional cable driving pitching motion mode. The technical scheme performs effective shock insulation and shock absorption protection on the reflector to a certain extent, and has the characteristics of low cost and easiness in installation and maintenance.

It should be understood that the above description of the embodiments of the present patent is only an exemplary description for facilitating the understanding of the patent scheme by the person skilled in the art, and does not imply that the scope of protection of the patent is only limited to these examples, and that the person skilled in the art can obtain more embodiments by combining technical features, replacing some technical features, adding more technical features, and the like to the various embodiments listed in the patent without any inventive effort on the premise of fully understanding the patent scheme, and therefore, the new embodiments are also within the scope of protection of the patent.

Furthermore, for the purpose of simplifying this description, this patent may not list some common embodiments, which will occur to those skilled in the art after understanding the present patent, and obviously, these embodiments should be included in the scope of the patent protection.

Claims (7)

1. A large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure comprises a reflector (2) and a seat frame (1); characterized in that a friction pendulum damping structure (8) is arranged between the reflector and the seat frame.

2. The large antenna with the friction pendulum damping structure according to claim 1, wherein the friction pendulum damping structure is a simple pendulum structure or a compound pendulum structure.

3. A large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the friction pendulum damping structure comprises an upper seat plate (8.1), a damping pendulum (8.3) and a lower seat plate (8.2) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the bottom surface of the upper seat plate and the bottom surface of the damping pendulum are both smooth convex surfaces, the top surface of the damping pendulum and the top surface of the lower seat plate are both smooth concave surfaces, and the smooth concave surfaces and the smooth convex surfaces are respectively in one-to-one correspondence; the top of the lower seat plate is also provided with a shock insulation stop block, and the shock insulation stop block (8.5) and the lower seat plate are fixed through a shear pin bolt (8.6) which is vertical and penetrates through the lower seat plate and the lower seat plate; the shock absorption pendulum is positioned in an area surrounded by the shock insulation stop blocks, and the shock absorption pendulum is tightly attached to the shock insulation stop blocks; the edge of the top of the lower seat plate is provided with a limiting wall (8.7) used for restricting the horizontal movement of the upper seat plate.

4. The large antenna with the friction pendulum damping structure of claim 3, wherein the maximum height of the seismic isolation stop is lower than the height of the limiting wall, and the top of the upper seat plate is higher than the limiting wall; one side of the upper seat plate is provided with a downward extension which is positioned in an area formed by the limiting wall, and the outward movement trend of the upper seat plate is limited by the limiting wall.

5. A large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure according to claim 3, characterized in that a damping slide (8.4) for reducing friction is arranged between the upper seat plate and the damping pendulum and between the damping pendulum and the lower seat plate.

6. The large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure of claim 3, wherein the seismic isolation stop is provided in plurality; a circle a is enclosed by the plurality of shock insulation stop blocks, and a is more than or equal to 1; and the shear pin bolt is arranged on the shock insulation stop block at the outermost ring.

7. The large antenna with a friction pendulum damping structure of claim 1, further comprising a cable and a cable power device for pulling the cable; a pitching shaft seat is arranged at the top of an upper seat plate of the friction pendulum damping structure, and the bottom of the reflector is fixed with the pitching shaft; the cable power device is arranged at the bottom of the seat frame, one end of each cable is connected with the corresponding cable power device, and the other end of each cable is connected to the reflector above the corresponding cable power device; the cable power device drives the reflector to perform pitching motion through the cable.

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