CN215863407U - Household garbage incineration grate system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a household garbage incineration grate system, which comprises an incineration furnace body, wherein the incineration furnace body is sequentially provided with a feeding unit, a grate incineration unit and a slag discharge unit along a garbage feeding direction; the feeding unit is sequentially provided with a hopper module and a feeding module along the garbage feeding direction; the slag discharging unit is sequentially provided with a slag chute module and a slag discharging machine module along the slag discharging direction; the grate incineration unit is sequentially provided with a drying grate section, a combustion grate section and an after-burning grate section along the garbage incineration direction, a drying ash bucket, a combustion ash bucket and an after-burning ash bucket are respectively communicated with a preheater through a preheating pipe, and the combustion grate is communicated with a first cooling fan through a first cooling air pipe. The utility model provides a household garbage incineration grate system, which solves the problem that a grate of an incinerator is not suitable for running high-calorific-value garbage, prolongs the service life of grate segments by more than 30 percent, and finally realizes stable running of the incinerator.

Description

Household garbage incineration grate system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste incineration, relates to a household waste incineration grate system, and particularly relates to a high-speed, high-pressure, forced air cooling and stable combustion grate system special for high-calorific-value household waste incineration.

Background

Along with the gradual implementation of domestic municipal solid waste classification, the heat value of garbage fed into a garbage incinerator is also stably improved, the heat value of the current large-scale municipal garbage (4.2MJ/Kg-14MJ/Kg) range is within the range of 8.4MJ/Kg, and the following problems generally exist in the operation of a fire grate at a combustion section: (1) the combustion area of the fire grate moves forwards, in order to keep the hearth not over-temperature, reduce coking, reduce garbage treatment capacity and lead to the reduction of the thickness of a garbage layer, the temperature of the fire grate segments at the combustion section is obvious, and burning loss is easy to occur. (2) The high calorific value garbage is rapidly combusted, the thickness of the garbage layer is reduced, and the fire grate segment is easily exposed in high-temperature corrosive atmosphere to aggravate abrasion. (3) The high-temperature fire grate pieces expand due to heating, so that the compensation of the fire grate piece absorber is insufficient, the movable fire grate pieces are easy to block, and the working pressure of a hydraulic system is improved to damage the fire grate device easily. (4) The replacement cycle of the fire grate segment is shortened, and the operation and maintenance cost is increased.

Because the household garbage incinerator meets the requirement of high-calorific-value garbage, the economy is not obvious by applying high-temperature-resistant materials, and the working temperature of the fire grate segment needs to be reduced by adopting reasonable design, so that the problem is fundamentally solved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a household garbage incinerator grate system, which is used to solve the problem that the existing household garbage incinerator grate is not suitable for high calorific value garbage operation, and simultaneously solve the problems of heating burning loss, blockage, short replacement period, etc. of the grate segments.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a household garbage incineration grate system, which comprises an incineration furnace body, wherein the incineration furnace body is provided with a feeding unit, a grate incineration unit and a slag discharge unit in sequence along a garbage feeding direction; the feeding unit is sequentially provided with a hopper module and a feeding module along the garbage feeding direction; the slag discharging unit is sequentially provided with a slag chute module and a slag discharging machine module along the slag discharging direction; the grate incineration unit is sequentially provided with a drying grate section, a combustion grate section and an after-burning grate section along the garbage incineration direction, the drying grate section comprises a drying grate and a drying ash bucket positioned below the drying grate, the combustion grate section comprises a combustion grate and a burning ash bucket positioned below the combustion grate, the after-burning grate section comprises an after-burning grate and an after-burning ash bucket positioned below the after-burning grate, the drying ash bucket, the burning ash bucket and the after-burning ash bucket are respectively communicated with the preheater through preheating pipes, and the combustion grate is communicated with a first cooling fan through a first cooling air pipe.

Preferably, the lateral wall of the incinerator body is an air cooling wall, a second cooling air pipe is arranged in the air cooling wall, the second cooling air pipe sequentially penetrates through the feeding end and the discharging end of the incinerator body along the garbage feeding direction, and the second cooling air pipe is communicated with a second cooling fan and a preheater at one end, extending outwards, of the feeding end of the incinerator body.

More preferably, the second cooling air duct is provided with a first cooling duct section, a second cooling duct section and a third cooling duct section in sequence along the garbage feeding direction, the first cooling duct section penetrates through the feeding end of the incinerator body, the second cooling duct section is located above the combustion furnace grate section, and the third cooling duct section penetrates through the discharging end of the incinerator body.

More preferably, the second cooling fan is externally connected with a second air pipe, and a second pressure gauge is arranged on the second air pipe.

Preferably, the hopper module is a garbage hopper.

More preferably, the discharge end of the garbage hopper is provided with a hopper valve.

Preferably, the drying grate and the burning-out grate both comprise a first fixed support and a first movable support, two ends of the first fixed support are respectively connected with the inner wall of the upper part of the drying ash bucket or the burning-out ash bucket, the first fixed support is provided with a plurality of first fixed grate segments, the first movable support is provided with a plurality of first movable grate segments, the first movable grate segments and the first fixed grate segments are distributed in a cross manner, the adjacent first movable grate segments are in movable contact connection with the first fixed grate segments, and the first movable support moves to drive the first movable grate segments and the first fixed grate segments to realize linkage.

More preferably, the adjacent first movable fire grate segment is in movable contact connection with the first fixed fire grate segment, that is, in the adjacent first movable fire grate segment and the first fixed fire grate segment, a pulley is arranged at the bottom of one first movable fire grate segment or the first fixed fire grate segment, and a slide way is arranged at the top of the other first fixed fire grate segment or the first movable fire grate segment adjacent to the first movable fire grate segment or the first fixed fire grate segment, and the pulley slides on the slide way in a contact manner.

Preferably, the combustion grate comprises a second hollow fixed bracket and a second hollow movable bracket; two ends of the second fixed support are respectively connected with the inner wall of the upper part of the combustion ash bucket, the air inlet end of the second fixed support is communicated with the first cooling air pipe, the air outlet end of the second fixed support is provided with a first spray pipe, and the first spray pipe is provided with a plurality of first nozzles; the air inlet end of the second movable support is communicated with the first cooling air pipe, the air outlet end of the second movable support is provided with a second spray pipe, and the second spray pipe is provided with a plurality of second nozzles; the movable grate bar comprises a first fixed support and a second fixed support, wherein the first fixed support is provided with a plurality of first fixed grate bar pieces, the second fixed support is provided with a plurality of second fixed grate bar pieces, the second movable support is provided with a plurality of second movable grate bar pieces, the second movable support and the second fixed grate bar pieces are in cross distribution, and the adjacent second movable grate bar pieces are in movable contact connection with the second fixed grate bar pieces, and the second movable support moves to drive the second movable grate bar pieces and the second fixed grate bar pieces to realize linkage.

More preferably, the movable contact connection between the adjacent second movable fire grate segments and the second fixed fire grate segments means that, in the adjacent second movable fire grate segments and the second fixed fire grate segments, a pulley is arranged at the bottom of one second movable fire grate segment or the second fixed fire grate segment, and a slide way is arranged at the tops of the other two adjacent second fixed fire grate segments or the second movable fire grate segments, and the pulley slides in contact on the slide way.

Preferably, the horizontal cross section of the ash bucket chamber of the drying ash bucket, the combustion ash bucket and the ash bucket is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

Preferably, the preheating pipe comprises a preheating main pipe, an air inlet end of the preheating main pipe is communicated with a preheater, a first preheating branch pipe, a second preheating branch pipe and a third preheating branch pipe are communicated with the preheating main pipe, an air outlet end of the first preheating branch pipe is communicated with the lower portion of the dry ash hopper, an air outlet end of the second preheating branch pipe is communicated with the lower portion of the combustion ash hopper, and an air outlet end of the third preheating branch pipe is communicated with the lower portion of the combustion ash hopper.

More preferably, the first preheating branch pipe, the second preheating branch pipe and the third preheating branch pipe are all provided with an air volume adjusting baffle and a flow meter, and the second preheating branch pipe and the third preheating branch pipe are also provided with a fourth pressure gauge.

Preferably, first cooling blower is external to have a first air pipe, be equipped with first pressure gauge on the first air pipe.

Preferably, a third pressure gauge and a thermometer are arranged on the first cooling air pipe.

As mentioned above, the household garbage incineration grate system of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the household garbage incineration grate system, under the condition that the structural form of the existing grate segment casting is not changed, normal-temperature air is used as cooling air, normal-temperature high-speed high-pressure cooling air pipes are arranged at the bottoms of the movable grate segment and the fixed grate segment in the combustion furnace row, the fixed support and the movable support are communicated with a cooling fan, and high-pressure high-speed air is used for directly blowing the high-temperature part of the grate segment, so that the working temperature of the grate segment is directly reduced. And the cooling air is mixed with the primary air after the grate segments are cooled, and the mixture is combusted in the incinerator, so that the problem that the grate of the household garbage incinerator is not suitable for running high-calorific-value garbage is solved.

(2) According to the household garbage incineration grate system, when the garbage heat value is 8.4-14MJ/KG, the normal operation of grate equipment can be ensured.

(3) The household garbage incineration grate system can directly reduce the working temperature of the grate segments, solve the problems of heating burning loss, clamping stagnation, short replacement period and the like of small-sized grate segments, prolong the service life of the grate segments by more than 30 percent, and finally realize the stable operation of the incinerator.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a household garbage incineration grate system according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the combustion grate in the grate incineration unit of the utility model.

Reference numerals

1 incinerator body

2 feed unit

21 hopper module

22 feeding module

23 hopper valve

3 fire grate incineration unit

31 drying grate segment

311 drying ash bucket

312 drying grate

32 combustion furnace section

321 combustion ash bucket

322 burning grate

33 burn-out grate section

331 burnt ash bucket

332 burn-out grate

4 slag discharge unit

41 slag chute module

42 mucking machine module

5 preheating pipe

51 preheating main pipe

52 first preheat branch

53 second preheat branch

54 third preheat branch

55 air volume adjusting baffle

56 flow meter

57 fourth pressure gauge

6 preheater

7 first cooling air pipe

8 first cooling fan

91 first fixing support

92 first Movable support

93 first fixed fire grate segment

94 first movable grate segment

101 second fixing support

102 second movable support

103 first nozzle

104 first nozzle

105 second nozzle

106 second nozzle

107 second fixed fire grate segment

108 second movable grate segment

11 second cooling air pipe

111 first cooling tube section

112 second cooling tube section

113 third cooling tube section

12 second cooling fan

13 second air pipe

14 second pressure gauge

15 first air pipe

16 first pressure gauge

17 third pressure gauge

18 thermometer

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to fig. 1-2. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

The utility model provides a household garbage incineration grate system, which comprises an incineration furnace body 1 as shown in figure 1, wherein the incineration furnace body 1 is sequentially provided with a feeding unit 2, a grate incineration unit 3 and a slag discharge unit 4 along a garbage feeding direction; the feeding unit 2 is sequentially provided with a hopper module 21 and a feeding module 22 along the garbage feeding direction; the slag discharging unit 4 is sequentially provided with a slag chute module 41 and a slag discharging machine module 42 along the slag discharging direction; the grate incineration unit 3 is sequentially provided with a drying grate section 31, a combustion grate section 32 and an after-burning grate section 33 along the garbage incineration direction, the drying grate section 31 comprises a drying grate 312 and a drying ash bucket 311 positioned below the drying grate 312, the combustion grate section 32 comprises a combustion grate 322 and a burning ash bucket 321 positioned below the combustion grate 322, the after-burning grate section 33 comprises an after-burning grate 332 and an after-burning ash bucket 331 positioned below the after-burning grate 332, the drying ash bucket 311, the burning ash bucket 321 and the after-burning ash bucket 331 are respectively communicated with the preheater 6 through a preheating pipe 5, and the combustion grate 322 is communicated with the first cooling fan 8 through a first cooling air pipe 7.

In the above household garbage incinerator grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the side wall of the incinerator body 1 is an air cooling wall, a second cooling air pipe 11 is arranged in the air cooling wall, the second cooling air pipe 11 sequentially penetrates through the feed end and the discharge end of the incinerator body 1 along the garbage feeding direction, and one end of the second cooling air pipe 11 extending out of the feed end of the incinerator body 1 is communicated with a second cooling fan 12 and a preheater 6. The air cooling wall can reduce the temperature of the lower wall and reduce high-temperature coking.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the second cooling air duct 11 is sequentially provided with a first cooling duct section 111, a second cooling duct section 112, and a third cooling duct section 113 along a garbage feeding direction, the first cooling duct section 111 penetrates through a feeding end of the incinerator body 1, the second cooling duct section 112 is located above the combustion furnace grate section 33, and the third cooling duct section 113 penetrates through a discharging end of the incinerator body 1. Normal temperature air is introduced into the second cooling air duct 11, so that high temperature coking in the combustion furnace section 33 can be reduced in the second cooling section 112.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the second cooling fan 12 is a fan conventionally used in a waste incinerator. For feeding air to the combustion furnace section 33. And a second air pipe 13 is externally connected to the second cooling fan 12. Used for introducing normal temperature air as cooling air. A second pressure gauge 14 is arranged on the second air pipe 13.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the hopper module 21 is a garbage hopper. The garbage hopper is a hopper for dumping garbage which is conventionally used in a garbage incinerator.

In a preferred embodiment, the discharge end of the waste hopper 21 is provided with a hopper valve 23, as shown in fig. 1. The hopper valve 23 is used to control the feeding of the refuse.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding module 22 is a feeder conventionally used in a garbage incinerator. Enabling waste to be fed into the drying grate section 31 of the grate incineration unit 3.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the slag chute module 41 is a slag chute which is conventionally used in a garbage incinerator. For inputting the slag after the refuse incineration into the slag tapping machine module 42.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the slag extractor module 42 is a slag extractor which is conventionally used in a garbage incinerator. Used for outputting the slag after the refuse incineration.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, each of the drying grate 312 and the burn-out grate 332 includes a first fixed support 91 and a first movable support 92, two ends of the first fixed support 91 are respectively connected to an upper inner wall of the drying ash bucket 311 or the burn-out ash bucket 331, the first fixed support 91 is provided with a plurality of first fixed grate segments 93, the first movable support 92 is provided with a plurality of first movable grate segments 94, the first movable grate segments 94 and the first fixed grate segments 93 are distributed in a cross manner, adjacent first movable grate segments 94 and the first fixed grate segments 93 are in movable contact connection, and the first movable support 92 moves to drive the first movable grate segments 93 and the first fixed grate segments 94 to realize linkage.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjacent first movable grate segment 93 and the first fixed grate segment 94 are in movable contact connection, that is, in the adjacent first movable grate segment 93 and the first fixed grate segment 94, a pulley is arranged at the bottom of one first movable grate segment 93 or the first fixed grate segment 94, and a slide way is arranged at the top of the other first fixed grate segment 94 or the first movable grate segment 93 adjacent to the one first movable grate segment 93 or the first fixed grate segment 94, and the pulley slides in contact on the slide way.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 2, the combustion grate 322 includes a second hollow fixed bracket 101 and a second hollow movable bracket 102; two ends of the second fixed support 101 are respectively connected with the inner wall of the upper part of the ash burning bucket 321, the air inlet end of the second fixed support 101 is communicated with the first cooling air pipe 7, the air outlet end of the second fixed support 101 is provided with a first spray pipe 103, and the first spray pipe 103 is provided with a plurality of first nozzles 104; the air inlet end of the second movable support 102 is communicated with the first cooling air pipe 7, the air outlet end of the second movable support 102 is provided with a second spray pipe 105, and the second spray pipe 105 is provided with a plurality of second nozzles 106; be equipped with the fixed fire grate piece of a plurality of second 107 on the second fixed bolster 101, be equipped with the movable fire grate piece of a plurality of second 108 on the movable support 102 of second, but cross distribution between the movable fire grate piece of second 108 and the fixed fire grate piece of second 107 and adjacent movable fire grate piece of second 108 and the fixed fire grate piece of second 107 between movable fire grate piece of second 107 are connected in movable contact, the movable support 102 motion of second is used for driving the movable fire grate piece of second 108 and the fixed fire grate piece of second 107 and realizes the linkage.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjacent second movable grate segment 108 and the second fixed grate segment 107 are movably connected in a contact manner, that is, in the adjacent second movable grate segment 108 and the second fixed grate segment 107, a pulley is arranged at the bottom of one second movable grate segment 108 or second fixed grate segment 107, and a slide way is arranged at the top of the other two adjacent second fixed grate segments 107 or second movable grate segments 108, and the pulley slides in the slide way in a contact manner.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the horizontal cross-sections of the hopper chambers of the dry hopper 311, the combustion hopper 321, and the burn-out hopper 331 gradually decrease from top to bottom. Ensuring that the high-temperature ash slag of the fire grate enters the lower conveying equipment of the furnace.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the preheating pipe 5 includes a preheating main pipe 51, an air inlet end of the preheating main pipe 51 is communicated with the preheater 6, the preheating main pipe 51 is provided with a first preheating branch pipe 52, a second preheating branch pipe 53 and a third preheating branch pipe 54 in a communicating manner, an air outlet end of the first preheating branch pipe 52 is communicated with a lower portion of the drying ash bucket 311, an air outlet end of the second preheating branch pipe 53 is communicated with a lower portion of the combustion ash bucket 321, and an air outlet end of the third preheating branch pipe 54 is communicated with a lower portion of the ash burning bucket 331.

In a preferred embodiment, the first preheating branch pipe 52, the second preheating branch pipe 53 and the third preheating branch pipe 54 are respectively provided with an air volume adjusting baffle 55 and a flow meter 56, and the second preheating branch pipe 53 and the third preheating branch pipe 54 are further provided with a fourth pressure gauge 57. Used for adjusting the cooling air volume.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the preheater 6 is a preheating fan conventionally used in a garbage incinerator. Can be used for heating the primary air input by the second cooling fan 12 and preheating the drying ash hopper 311, the burning ash hopper 321 and the burning ash hopper 331.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the first cooling fan 8 is a fan conventionally used in a garbage incinerator. The high-temperature air blowing device is used for directly blowing the high-temperature part of the combustion grate 322 by adopting high-pressure and high-speed air so as to directly reduce the working temperature of the combustion grate 322, and the high-temperature air blowing device is mixed with primary preheated air generated by the preheater 6 after the grate is cooled and enters the incinerator for combustion.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, the first cooling fan 8 is externally connected with a first air pipe 15. Used for introducing normal temperature air as cooling air.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a first pressure gauge 16 is provided on the first air tube 15.

In the household garbage incineration grate system, as shown in fig. 1, a third pressure gauge 17 and a temperature gauge 18 are arranged on the first cooling air duct 7.

The use of a household garbage incinerator system of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-2.

A user obtains the household garbage incineration grate system shown in the figure 1-2, the household garbage is input into the grate incineration unit 3 of the incineration furnace body 1 through the feeding unit 2, and drying treatment is carried out in the drying grate section 31 preheated by primary preheated wind generated by the preheater 6 at the temperature of 170-250 ℃. After the combustion grate 322 of the combustion grate section 32 generates cooling air through the first cooling fan 8 to reduce the working temperature to 15-45 ℃, the cooling air is mixed with primary preheating air generated by the preheater 6 at 170-250 ℃ for combustion supporting, so that the household garbage is combusted. The domestic garbage after the combustion treatment is subjected to burning-out treatment in a burning-out grate 332 preheated by primary preheated air generated by a preheater 6, and the sufficient heat burning-out rate is less than 3 percent. The garbage residue after the burning treatment is discharged through the slag discharge unit 4. The refuse is dried, burned and burned to produce slag leakage, and the slag leakage is discharged from the drying ash bucket 311, the burning ash bucket 321 and the burning ash bucket 331 through the slag discharge unit 4.

Before the garbage enters the incinerator, the hopper gate 23 is kept closed, the incinerator is heated through the ignition burner and the auxiliary combustion, the temperature in the incinerator is kept to 850 ℃, then the hopper gate 23 is opened, the garbage passes through the garbage hopper, the feeder and the drying grate section 31 and is ignited in the combustion section, the burning and burning-out of the garbage are realized, and the feeder, the drying grate 312, the combustion grate 322 and the burning-out grate 332 continuously convey the garbage through hydraulic driving of the grates, so that the continuous and stable operation of the garbage incinerator is ensured.

When the conventional garbage grate type garbage incinerator is not used for feeding garbage, due to the rise of the incinerator temperature, heat-resistant components such as grate segments and the like are heated and easily expand to cause the blockage of the grate and even local high-temperature burning loss, and if primary air is added to enter the incinerator, the rise of the incinerator temperature is slow; when the fire grate is in a stable operation state, the heat value of the garbage is unstable, and when high-heat-value garbage is treated, the garbage combustion speed is high, so that the fire grate is exposed to a high-temperature combustion environment, and heat-resistant components such as fire grate pieces are heated, are easy to expand and stay on the fire grate to block or even burn at local high temperature. Through this patent technique, carry out forced cooling to the high temperature combustion grate alone, the total amount of wind is little, and the temperature is low, reduces the temperature of burning furnace row piece by a wide margin, and grate piece life promotes more than 30%, and the input cost is low.

In conclusion, the household garbage incineration grate system provided by the utility model solves the problem that the grate of the incinerator is not suitable for high-calorific-value garbage operation, prolongs the service life of the grate segments by more than 30%, and finally realizes stable operation of the incinerator. Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The household garbage incineration grate system is characterized by comprising an incineration furnace body (1), wherein the incineration furnace body (1) is sequentially provided with a feeding unit (2), a grate incineration unit (3) and a slag discharge unit (4) along a garbage feeding direction; the feeding unit (2) is sequentially provided with a hopper module (21) and a feeding module (22) along the garbage feeding direction; the slag discharging unit (4) is sequentially provided with a slag chute module (41) and a slag discharging machine module (42) along the slag discharging direction; the incinerator burning unit (3) is sequentially provided with a drying grate section (31), a burning grate section (32) and an after-burning grate section (33) along the garbage burning direction, the drying grate section (31) comprises a drying grate (312) and a drying ash hopper (311) positioned below the drying grate (312), the burning grate section (32) comprises a burning grate (322) and a burning ash hopper (321) positioned below the burning grate (322), the after-burning grate section (33) comprises an after-burning grate (332) and an after-burning ash hopper (331) positioned below the after-burning grate (332), the drying ash hopper (311), the burning ash hopper (321) and the after-burning ash hopper (331) are respectively communicated with a preheater (6) through a preheating pipe (5), and the burning grate (322) is communicated with a first cooling fan (8) through a first cooling air pipe (7).

2. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the incineration furnace body (1) is an air cooling wall, a second cooling air pipe (11) is arranged in the air cooling wall, the second cooling air pipe (11) sequentially penetrates through the feeding end and the discharging end of the incineration furnace body (1) along a garbage feeding direction, and a second cooling fan (12) and a preheater (6) are communicated with one end of the second cooling air pipe (11) extending outwards from the feeding end of the incineration furnace body (1).

3. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 2, wherein the second cooling air pipe (11) is sequentially provided with a first cooling pipe section (111), a second cooling pipe section (112) and a third cooling pipe section (113) along a garbage feeding direction, the first cooling pipe section (111) penetrates through a feeding end of the incinerator body (1), the second cooling pipe section (112) is located above the combustion grate section (32), and the third cooling pipe section (113) penetrates through a discharging end of the incinerator body (1).

4. The household garbage incineration grate system according to the claim 2, wherein the second cooling fan (12) is externally connected with a second air pipe (13), and a second pressure gauge (14) is arranged on the second air pipe (13).

5. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 1, wherein the hopper module (21) is a garbage hopper; and a hopper valve (23) is arranged at the discharge end of the garbage hopper.

6. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 1, the drying grate (312) and the burn-out grate (332) both comprise a first fixed bracket (91) and a first movable bracket (92), two ends of the first fixed bracket (91) are respectively connected with the upper inner wall of the dry ash bucket (311) or the burning ash bucket (331), a plurality of first fixed fire grate segments (93) are arranged on the first fixed bracket (91), a plurality of first movable fire grate segments (94) are arranged on the first movable bracket (92), the first movable grate segment (94) and the first fixed grate segment (93) are distributed in a cross way, and the adjacent first movable grate segment (94) and the first fixed grate segment (93) are in movable contact connection, the first movable support (92) moves to drive the first movable fire grate segment (94) and the first fixed fire grate segment (93) to realize linkage.

7. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 1, wherein the combustion grate (322) comprises a second hollow fixed bracket (101) and a second movable bracket (102); two ends of the second fixed support (101) are respectively connected with the inner wall of the upper part of the combustion ash bucket (321), the air inlet end of the second fixed support (101) is communicated with the first cooling air pipe (7), the air outlet end of the second fixed support (101) is provided with a first spray pipe (103), and the first spray pipe (103) is provided with a plurality of first nozzles (104); the air inlet end of the second movable support (102) is communicated with the first cooling air pipe (7), the air outlet end of the second movable support (102) is provided with a second spray pipe (105), and the second spray pipe (105) is provided with a plurality of second nozzles (106); be equipped with the fixed fire grate piece of a plurality of second (107) on second fixed bolster (101), be equipped with the movable fire grate piece of a plurality of second (108) on the movable support of second (102), but cross distribution and adjacent movable fire grate piece of second (108) and second between the fixed fire grate piece of second (108) and the second (107) movable contact between fire grate piece (107) are connected, the movable support of second (102) move and are used for driving the movable fire grate piece of second (108) and the fixed fire grate piece of second (107) and realize the linkage.

8. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 1, wherein the preheating pipe (5) comprises a preheating main pipe (51), an air inlet end of the preheating main pipe (51) is communicated with the preheater (6), a first preheating branch pipe (52), a second preheating branch pipe (53) and a third preheating branch pipe (54) are communicated with the preheating main pipe (51), an air outlet end of the first preheating branch pipe (52) is communicated with a lower portion of the dry ash hopper (311), an air outlet end of the second preheating branch pipe (53) is communicated with a lower portion of the combustion ash hopper (321), and an air outlet end of the third preheating branch pipe (54) is communicated with a lower portion of the ash burning hopper (331).

9. The household garbage incineration grate system according to claim 8, wherein the first preheating branch pipe (52), the second preheating branch pipe (53) and the third preheating branch pipe (54) are respectively provided with an air volume adjusting baffle plate (55) and a flow meter (56), and the second preheating branch pipe (53) and the third preheating branch pipe (54) are further provided with a fourth pressure gauge (57).

10. The household garbage incineration grate system according to the claim 1, wherein the first cooling fan (8) is externally connected with a first air pipe (15), and a first pressure gauge (16) is arranged on the first air pipe (15); and a third pressure gauge (17) and a thermometer (18) are arranged on the first cooling air pipe (7).

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