CN215735859U

CN215735859U - Reliable dual-purpose header for harvesting stem and spike and ensiling

Info

Publication number: CN215735859U
Application number: CN202121317116.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐金财; 高奎增; 邵强
Original assignee: Shandong Juming Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Juming Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-11
Filing date: 2021-06-11
Publication date: 2022-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-11

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a reliable header for both harvesting and ensiling stems and ears, which comprises a stem snapping platform and a straw header; a feeding and chopping device is arranged behind the straw cutting table; the ear picking platform is a plate-type ear picking platform, a lower transmission shaft is arranged on one side of the rear part of the straw frame of the straw cutting platform, and the lower transmission shaft provides power for the straw auger assembly and the straw cutting knife; the ear picking header gear boxes of the ear picking mechanisms are divided into a first header gear box group and a second header gear box group, the first header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft arranged on one side of the ear picking frame, the second header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft arranged on the other side of the ear picking frame, and the two ends of the ear conveying auger are respectively provided with an auger input chain wheel and an auger output chain wheel. The utility model can realize the functions of stem-ear harvesting and ensiling simultaneously, has small damage to the fruit ears, saves the time for receiving the fruit ears, improves the working efficiency, can realize the ensiling of the fruit ears and the straws together when necessary and does not waste the fruit ears.

Description

Reliable dual-purpose header for harvesting stem and spike and ensiling

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a reliable header for both stem and ear harvesting and ensiling, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background

At present, most of the stalk and ear combine corn harvesters in China adopt a two-layer header structure, wherein the upper layer is a stalk picking header and the lower layer is a stalk header; the upper-layer ear picking header structure is mostly an ear picking roller header, the situation of ear loss is easy to occur when the corn with dry straw is harvested, and a plurality of header tooth boxes of the current commercially available ear picking headers are driven by one side, and four groups or five groups of header tooth boxes are driven by one side of the header tooth boxes, so that the reliability is poor; the ensilage machine has wide application, can cut dry and wet corn stalks, rice straws, wheat straws, cotton stalks, soybean stalks, branches with the diameter of 3 centimeters below, sheet skins, barks, small bamboos, sugarcanes and other materials into small materials at one time, and the small materials can be used in farms (such as herbivores such as cattle raising, sheep raising, donkey raising, horse raising and the like), raw materials of biological power plants for combustion, biogas production by biogas digesters, pulping raw materials of factories, straw briquetting raw materials, machine-made charcoal raw materials, artificial boards and the like. The existing stem and ear harvesting and ensiling are separated, so that some ears are wasted sometimes, the harvesting process wastes time and labor, and certain energy is wasted.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is as follows: the reliable header for both harvesting and ensiling can simultaneously realize two functions of harvesting and ensiling, has small damage to ears, saves the harvest time, improves the working efficiency, can realize the ensiling of the ears and the straws together when necessary, and does not waste the ears; the plurality of ear picking header gear boxes are input by two paths of power, so that the working reliability is high.

The utility model relates to a reliable header for both stem and ear harvesting and ensiling, which comprises an ear picking platform, wherein a straw header is arranged below the ear picking platform, the ear picking platform comprises an ear picking rack and an ear conveying auger, a plurality of ear picking mechanisms are arranged on the ear picking rack in front of the ear conveying auger, each ear picking mechanism comprises an ear picking header tooth box, the ear picking header tooth box is connected with a pair of ear picking rollers, and two ends of a main shaft of the ear conveying auger are connected with the ear picking rack through bearing seats; the straw cutting table comprises a straw rack, a straw auger assembly is arranged in the straw rack, and a straw cutting knife is arranged at the front end of the straw rack; a feeding and chopping device is arranged behind the straw cutting table; the ear picking platform is a plate-type ear picking platform, a lower transmission shaft is arranged on one side of the rear part of the straw frame of the straw cutting platform, and the lower transmission shaft provides power for the straw auger assembly and the straw cutting knife; the ear picking header gear boxes of the ear picking mechanisms are divided into a first header gear box group and a second header gear box group, a plurality of ear picking header gear boxes in the first header gear box group are connected through gear box connecting shafts, the first header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft arranged on one side of an ear picking frame, the second header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft arranged on the other side of the ear picking frame, and two ends of an ear conveying auger are respectively provided with an auger input chain wheel and an auger output chain wheel; the lower transmission shaft is used for transmitting power for the gear box transmission shaft I through the transmission part I, the lower transmission shaft drives the screw conveyor input chain wheel to rotate through the transmission part II, and the screw conveyor output chain wheel drives the gear box transmission shaft II to rotate through the transmission part III.

The plate-type ear picking header has small damage to ears, reduces the damage rate of the ears, and is suitable for harvesting corn with dry straws; the ear picking mechanism also comprises the structure of the conventional plate-type ear picking header, such as an ear picking plate, a divider and the like, which belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail in the patent; the plate-type ear picking header and the straw header respectively realize the collection of plant ears and straws, and a feeding chopping device is arranged behind the straw header in a matching manner, so that the ensiling of the straws and the simultaneous ensiling of the straws and the ears can be realized according to the adjustment of actual conditions. The lower transmission shaft provides power for the swing ring box through belt transmission, and the swing ring box controls the straw cutting knife to cut plants; the lower transmission shaft drives a main shaft of the straw auger assembly to rotate through chain transmission, and the straw auger assembly conveys straws into the chopping device for chopping.

When the ear picking header gear box works, the plurality of ear picking header gear boxes are divided into two groups, and the first header gear box group and the second header gear box group receive power input respectively; one path of power is input, the lower transmission shaft drives a gear box transmission shaft to rotate through chain transmission, and the gear box transmission shaft rotates to drive a plurality of ear picking header gear boxes of the first header gear box group to work; the lower transmission shaft drives an auger input chain wheel to rotate through chain transmission, the auger input chain wheel rotates to drive a fruit cluster conveying auger to rotate, the fruit cluster conveying auger rotates to drive an auger output chain wheel to rotate, the auger output chain wheel rotates to drive a gear box transmission shaft II to rotate through chain transmission, and the gear box transmission shaft II rotates to drive a picking header gear box in a second header gear box group to work; the number of the ear picking header tooth boxes in the first header tooth box group and the second header tooth box group can be determined and connected according to actual conditions; the plurality of ear picking header gear boxes are input by two paths of power, so that the working reliability is high.

Preferably, the periphery of a main shaft of the fruit cluster conveying auger is provided with a fixed auger blade and a movable auger blade, the fixed auger blade is fixed at one end of the periphery of the main shaft, and the movable auger blade is connected with the periphery of the main shaft through a connecting plate and a bolt; and the ear picking rack below the oblique back of the ear conveying auger is provided with two discharge ports, one discharge port is arranged at one end far away from the blade of the fixed auger, the other discharge port is arranged in the configuration matched with the feeding chopping device, and one discharge port of the two discharge ports is sealed by an auger opening sealing plate. The position of the auger mouth sealing plate and the installation position of the movable auger blade are determined according to specific conditions, when the harvester is used as a stem-ear and harvesting platform, the movable auger blade is installed at the middle position, the movable auger blade and the fixed auger blade form a continuous auger blade, the auger mouth sealing plate seals a discharge port matched with the feeding and chopping device, the fruit ears are collected and conveyed to an elevator which is externally connected with the discharge port on one side of the ear picking rack, and the straws are conveyed to the feeding and chopping device for chopping; when the straw harvester is used as a silage cutting table, the movable auger blade is arranged at one end of the fruit ear conveying auger spindle far away from the fixed auger blade, the auger opening sealing plate seals the discharge opening far away from the fixed auger blade, the movable auger blade and the fixed auger blade simultaneously convey materials to the middle discharge opening, the middle discharge opening is communicated with the feeding chopping device, fruit ears picked by the ear picking table and straws harvested by the straw cutting table simultaneously enter the feeding chopping device for chopping, and therefore the purpose of dual purposes of stem and ear harvesting and silage is achieved.

Preferably, the bottom end of the snapping frame and the top end of the straw frame are provided with hinged seats, and the snapping frame and the straw frame are hinged through the hinged seats and hinged shafts; a support rod is arranged between the front end of the ear picking frame and the front end of the straw frame; the rear part of the straw frame is also provided with a hanging seat plate, the feeding chopping device is fixedly connected with the straw frame through the hanging seat plate, and a feeding port arranged at the rear part of the straw frame is communicated with the feeding chopping device. The ear picking platform, the straw cutting platform and the feeding and chopping device are connected into a whole, so that the whole assembly and disassembly are convenient; the supporting rod bears the weight of part of the snapping table, so that the snapping table and the straw cutting table are more stable in matching work.

Preferably, the supporting rod is a telescopic rod, the upper end and the lower end of the supporting rod are respectively hinged with the ear picking rack and the straw rack, the height of the ear picking platform can be adjusted according to the height of the ears, and the optimal harvesting state is achieved.

Preferably, the straw auger assembly comprises a straw auger main shaft, a first straw auger blade and a second straw auger blade are respectively arranged on the peripheries of the straw auger main shaft on the two sides of the feeding opening, and the spiral directions of the first straw auger blade and the second straw auger blade are opposite. The first straw auger blade and the second straw auger blade jointly act to feed straws into the feeding and chopping device behind the straw rack.

Preferably, the feeding chopping device comprises a feeding shell welded together, one end of the feeding shell welded together, which is close to the feeding port, is provided with a rotary central shaft, the other end of the feeding shell welded together is provided with a chopping roller assembly, and a fixed cutter assembly is fixed at a position matched with the chopping roller assembly; two ends of the rotary central shaft respectively penetrate through the feeding shell to be welded, and are welded and connected with the feeding shell through the fixed bearing seat; a floating roller and a floating two roller are respectively arranged on two sides of the rotary central shaft, and the rotary central shaft transmits power to the floating roller and the floating two roller through chain transmission; a front carrier roller and a rear carrier roller are arranged below the floating first roller and the floating two rollers, the front carrier roller is arranged in one end, close to the feeding port, of the feeding shell in a welding mode, the rear carrier roller is arranged on the front side of the fixed cutter assembly, two ends of the front carrier roller and two ends of the rear carrier roller are respectively fixed with the feeding shell in a welding mode through fixed bearing seats, a transition shaft is arranged between the front carrier roller and the rear carrier roller, two ends of the transition shaft are fixed with the feeding shell in a welding mode through the fixed bearing seats, and a rotary central shaft transmits power to the transition shaft through chain transmission; the transition shaft drives the front carrier roller to rotate through gear engagement, and the front carrier roller drives the rear carrier roller to rotate through chain transmission; the rotating central shaft powers the shredding roll assembly through a chain drive. A floating roll adjacent the feed inlet; the axes of the rotary central shaft, the floating roller, the floating two rollers, the front carrier roller and the rear carrier roller are parallel; the device combines the feeding part and the chopping part, is integrally disassembled and assembled, and has a compact structure; the chopping roller assembly comprises a chopping main shaft, knife rolls are uniformly distributed outside the chopping main shaft, chopping moving blades are arranged on the knife rolls, the knife rolls are herringbone knife rolls, the chopping effect is good, the rotary central shaft drives the chopping main shaft to rotate through chain transmission, and the chopping main shaft rotates to drive the chopping moving blades on the knife rolls to be matched with the fixed knife assembly to chop materials.

The materials fed by the snapping platform and the straw cutting platform are conveyed to the cutting position of the chopping movable blade and the fixed blade assembly under the combined action of the floating one roller, the floating two rollers, the front carrier roller and the rear carrier roller, the four rollers are clamped and fed, and the feeding is smooth; the rotary central shaft drives the floating roller and the floating two rollers to rotate through chain transmission respectively, the rotary central shaft drives the transition shaft to rotate through the chain transmission, the transition shaft drives the front carrier roller to rotate in a reversing mode through gear meshing transmission, and the front carrier roller drives the rear carrier roller to rotate through the chain transmission.

Preferably, two ends of the roller shaft of the floating roller and two ends of the roller shaft of the floating two rollers are respectively inserted into the long arc holes at the corresponding positions of the welding of the feeding shell, two ends of the floating roller are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotary central shaft through long connecting plates, and two ends of the floating two rollers are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotary central shaft through short connecting plates; and the two ends of the roller shaft of the floating roller and the two ends of the roller shaft of the floating two rollers are respectively provided with a pressing mechanism. The floating first roller and the floating second roller can move up and down along the long arc hole, the long connecting plate connected with the floating first roller is matched with the pressing mechanism to realize up-and-down floating, and the short connecting plate connected with the floating second roller is matched with the pressing mechanism to realize up-and-down floating; the floating roller and the floating two rollers are matched with the entering condition of materials to be adjusted freely in a vertically floating mode.

Preferably, hold-down mechanism include fixed block and lower fixed block, go up the fixed block and all be equipped with rectangular hole on the fixed block down, go up the fixed block and fix the feeding casing welding of a roller and unsteady two roller tops on, lower fixed block is fixed with long connecting plate or short connecting plate, go up the fixed block and be equipped with the compression bar down between the fixed block, the rectangular hole on fixed block and the lower fixed block is run through respectively at the compression bar both ends to the compression bar both ends are connected with lock nut respectively, the compression bar periphery crimping between last fixed block and the lower fixed block has compression spring. When entering materials promote the floating roller or the floating two rollers to rise, the floating roller or the floating two rollers rise along the long arc hole by taking the rotary central shaft as the center of a circle and the long connecting plate or the short connecting plate as the radius, the compression spring is compressed in the rising process of the floating roller or the floating two rollers, and the floating roller or the floating two rollers fall down under the action of the compression spring after the quantity of the materials is reduced; the floating one roller and the floating two rollers float up and down under the combined action of the long connecting plate, the short connecting plate and the pressing mechanism according to specific working conditions.

Preferably, the top of the feeding shell is open, an upper cover plate is arranged at the opening of the top of the feeding shell, and the upper cover plate is welded and fixed with the feeding shell through bolts. When the straw stalk and ear reaping table is used, the upper cover plate seals the top of the welded feeding shell; when the cutting table is used as a silage cutting table, the upper cover plate is in an open state, and the fruit ears at the discharge port of the ear picking table directly enter the feeding chopping device through the feeding shell welded with the top opening to be chopped together with the straws.

Preferably, a front arc plate is additionally arranged in the upper space between the floating roller and the floating two rollers, the top end of the front arc plate is fixedly connected with the welding top of the shell, the bottom end of the front arc plate points to a rotary central shaft, and the rotary central shaft is an optical axis. The arrangement of the front arc plate ensures that the entering of the straws and the entering of the fruit clusters are not interfered with each other, thereby being beneficial to the smooth implementation of the chopping process.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the corn harvester is reasonable in structural design, the plate-type ear picking header is adopted, the damage to ears is small, the damage rate of the ears is reduced, and the corn harvester is suitable for harvesting corn with dry straws; the two sides of the tooth boxes of the plurality of ear picking cutting tables are respectively provided with power input, so that the reliability of the whole machine is improved; the straw can enter the feeding and chopping device to be chopped independently or the straw and the fruit cluster can enter the feeding and chopping device to be chopped together by adjusting the mounting position of the movable auger blade and the mounting position of the auger opening sealing plate, so that the function of ensiling is realized; the feeding and chopping device has the advantages that the feeding part and the chopping part are combined, the feeding and chopping device is integrally disassembled and assembled, the structure is compact, the four rollers are clamped and fed, feeding is smooth, the knife rollers are herringbone knife rollers, and the chopping effect is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reliable header for both stem and ear harvesting and ensiling;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram I of a snapping platform;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a snapping platform II;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an ear conveying auger;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a straw header structure;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a feed chopper;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an in-feed chopper;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the feed chopper;

fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 7.

In the figure: 1. a snapping machine frame; 2. fixing the auger blade; 3. locking the nut; 4. conveying the fruit clusters by an auger; 5. a movable auger blade; 6. picking the spike header gear box; 7. a snapping mechanism; 8. a gear box transmission shaft I; 9. an auger output sprocket; 10. a second gear box transmission shaft; 11. an auger input sprocket; 12. an outlet port; 13. a screw feeder port sealing plate; 14. feeding into a shredding device; 15. a lower transmission shaft; 16. a straw cutting table; 17. a straw cutter; 18. a straw auger spindle; 19. a feed inlet; 20. a hinged seat; 21. a first straw auger blade; 22. a second straw auger blade; 23. feeding the shell and welding; 24. an upper cover plate; 25. a floating two roller; 26. a central axis of rotation; 27. a long arc hole; 28. an upper fixed block; 29. a hold down bar; 30. a compression spring; 31. a lower fixed block; 32. floating a roller; 33. a long connecting plate; 34. a short connecting plate; 35. a front carrier roller; 36. a transition shaft; 37. a rear carrier roller; 38. a stationary knife assembly; 39. a chopping main shaft; 40. a hold-down mechanism; 41. a knife roll; 42. a front arc plate; 43. picking up the ear of grain platform; 44. a support bar; 45. hanging a seat board; 46. a strip hole; 47. a swing ring box; 48. a straw frame.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-9, the reliable header for both stem and ear harvesting and ensiling comprises an ear picking platform 43, a straw header 16 is arranged below the ear picking platform 43, the ear picking platform 43 comprises an ear picking frame 1 and an ear conveying auger 4, a plurality of ear picking mechanisms 7 are arranged on the ear picking frame 1 in front of the ear conveying auger 4, each ear picking mechanism 7 comprises an ear picking header gear box 6, the ear picking header gear box 6 is connected with a pair of ear picking rollers, and two ends of a main shaft of the ear conveying auger 4 are connected with the ear picking frame 1 through bearing seats; the straw cutting table 16 comprises a straw frame 48, a straw auger assembly is arranged in the straw frame 48, and a straw cutting knife 17 is arranged at the front end of the straw frame; a feeding and chopping device 14 is arranged behind the straw cutting table 16; the ear picking platform 43 is a plate-type ear picking platform, a lower transmission shaft 15 is arranged on one side of the rear part of the straw frame 48 of the straw cutting platform 16, and the lower transmission shaft 15 provides power for the straw auger assembly and the straw cutting knife 17; the ear picking header gear boxes 6 of the ear picking mechanisms 7 are divided into a first header gear box group and a second header gear box group, the ear picking header gear boxes 6 in the first header gear box group are connected through a gear box connecting shaft, the first header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft I8 arranged on one side of the ear picking frame 1, the second header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft II 10 arranged on the other side of the ear picking frame 1, and the two ends of the ear conveying auger 4 are respectively provided with an auger input chain wheel 11 and an auger output chain wheel 9; the lower transmission shaft 15 is used for transmitting power for the gear box transmission shaft I8 through the transmission part I, the lower transmission shaft 15 drives the screw conveyor input chain wheel 11 to rotate through the transmission part II, and the screw conveyor output chain wheel 9 drives the gear box transmission shaft II 10 to rotate through the transmission part III.

In this embodiment:

a fixed auger blade 2 and a movable auger blade 5 are arranged on the periphery of a main shaft of the fruit cluster conveying auger 4, the fixed auger blade 2 is fixed at one end of the periphery of the main shaft, and the movable auger blade 5 is connected with the periphery of the main shaft through a connecting plate and a bolt; and the ear picking frame 1 which is obliquely arranged at the back lower part of the ear conveying auger 4 is provided with two discharge ports 12, one discharge port 12 is arranged at one end far away from the fixed auger blade 2, the other discharge port 12 is arranged in a matched configuration with the feeding chopping device 14, and one discharge port 12 of the two discharge ports 12 is sealed by an auger mouth sealing plate 13.

The bottom end of the snapping frame 1 and the top end of the straw frame 48 are provided with hinged seats 20, and the snapping frame 1 and the straw frame 48 are hinged through the hinged seats 20 and hinged shafts; a support rod 44 is arranged between the front end of the snapping machine frame 1 and the front end of the straw frame 48; a hanging seat plate 45 is further arranged behind the straw rack 48, the feeding and chopping device 14 is fixedly connected with the straw rack 48 through the hanging seat plate 45, and a feeding port 19 arranged behind the straw rack 48 is communicated with the feeding and chopping device 14. The ear picking platform 43, the straw cutting platform 16 and the feeding chopping device 14 are connected into a whole, so that the whole assembly and disassembly are convenient; the support rod 44 bears the weight of part of the snapping platform 43, so that the snapping platform 43 and the straw cutting platform 16 are more stable in matching work.

The supporting rod 44 is a telescopic rod, the upper end and the lower end of the supporting rod 44 are respectively hinged with the ear picking rack 1 and the straw rack 48, the height of the ear picking platform 43 can be adjusted according to the height of the fruit ears, and the optimal harvesting state is achieved.

The straw auger assembly comprises a straw auger main shaft 18, a first straw auger blade 21 and a second straw auger blade 22 are respectively arranged on the peripheries of the straw auger main shaft 18 on the two sides of the feeding port 19, and the spiral directions of the first straw auger blade 21 and the second straw auger blade 22 are opposite. The first straw auger blade 21 and the second straw auger blade 22 work together to feed straws into the feeding and chopping device 14 behind the straw rack 48.

The feeding and chopping device 14 comprises a feeding shell welding joint 23, one end of the feeding shell welding joint 23, which is close to the feeding port 19, is provided with a rotary central shaft 26, the other end of the feeding shell welding joint 23 is provided with a chopping roller assembly, and a fixed cutter assembly 38 is fixed at a position matched with the chopping roller assembly; two ends of a rotary central shaft 26 respectively penetrate through the feeding shell welding joints 23, and two ends of the rotary central shaft 26 are connected with the feeding shell welding joints 23 through fixed bearing seats; a floating roller 32 and a floating two roller 25 are respectively arranged on two sides of the rotary central shaft 26, and the rotary central shaft 26 transmits power to the floating roller 32 and the floating two roller 25 through chain transmission; a front carrier roller 35 and a rear carrier roller 37 are arranged below the floating first roller 32 and the floating second roller 25, the front carrier roller 35 is arranged in one end of a feeding shell welding joint 23 close to the feeding port 19, the rear carrier roller 37 is arranged on the front side of a fixed cutter assembly 38, two ends of the front carrier roller 35 and two ends of the rear carrier roller 37 are respectively fixed with the feeding shell welding joint 23 through fixed bearing seats, a transition shaft 36 is arranged between the front carrier roller 35 and the rear carrier roller 37, two ends of the transition shaft 36 are fixed with the feeding shell welding joint 23 through the fixed bearing seats, and the rotary central shaft 26 transmits power to the transition shaft 36 through chain transmission; the transition shaft 36 drives the front carrier roller 35 to rotate through gear engagement, and the front carrier roller 35 drives the rear carrier roller 37 to rotate through chain transmission; the rotating center shaft 26 powers the shredding roll assembly through a chain drive. A floating roller 32 adjacent to the feed opening 19; the axes of the rotary central shaft 26, the floating roller 32, the floating two rollers 25, the front idler roller 35 and the rear idler roller 37 are parallel; the device combines the feeding part and the chopping part, is integrally disassembled and assembled, and has a compact structure; the chopping roller assembly comprises a chopping main shaft 39, knife rollers 41 are uniformly distributed outside the chopping main shaft 39, chopping movable blades are arranged on the knife rollers 41, the knife rollers 41 are herringbone knife rollers 41, the chopping effect is good, the rotary central shaft 26 drives the chopping main shaft 39 to rotate through chain transmission, and the chopping main shaft 39 rotates to drive the chopping movable blades on the knife rollers 41 to be matched with the fixed knife assembly 38 to chop materials.

The floating one roller 32, the floating two rollers 25, the front carrier roller 35 and the rear carrier roller 37 jointly act to convey the materials fed by the snapping platform 43 and the straw cutting platform 16 to the cutting position of the chopping movable blade and fixed blade assembly 38, and the four rollers clamp and feed the materials smoothly; the rotary central shaft 26 drives the floating one roller 32 and the floating two rollers 25 to rotate through chain transmission respectively, the rotary central shaft 26 drives the transition shaft 36 to rotate through the chain transmission, the transition shaft 36 drives the front carrier roller 35 to rotate in a reversing way through gear meshing transmission, and the front carrier roller 35 drives the rear carrier roller 37 to rotate through the chain transmission.

Two ends of a roll shaft of the floating one roll 32 and two ends of a roll shaft of the floating two roll 25 are respectively inserted into the long arc holes 27 at the corresponding positions of the welding joints 23 of the feeding shell, two ends of the floating one roll 32 are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotary central shaft 26 through long connecting plates 33, and two ends of the floating two roll 25 are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotary central shaft 26 through short connecting plates 34; and the two ends of the roller shaft of the floating roller 32 and the two ends of the roller shaft of the floating two rollers 25 are respectively provided with a pressing mechanism 40. The floating one roller 32 and the floating two rollers 25 can move up and down along the long arc hole 27, the long connecting plate 33 connected with the floating one roller 32 is matched with the pressing mechanism 40 to realize up-and-down floating, and the short connecting plate 34 connected with the floating two rollers 25 is matched with the pressing mechanism 40 to realize up-and-down floating; the floating one roller 32 and the floating two roller 25 are freely adjusted in a floating manner up and down according to the entering condition of materials.

The pressing mechanism 40 comprises an upper fixing block 28 and a lower fixing block 31, the upper fixing block 28 and the lower fixing block 31 are both provided with long holes 46, the upper fixing block 28 is fixed on the feeding shell welding part 23 above the floating one roller 32 and the floating two rollers 25, the lower fixing block 31 is fixed with the long connecting plate 33 or the short connecting plate 34, a pressing rod 29 is arranged between the upper fixing block 28 and the lower fixing block 31, two ends of the pressing rod 29 penetrate through the long holes 46 on the upper fixing block 28 and the lower fixing block 31 respectively, two ends of the pressing rod 29 are connected with locking nuts 3 respectively, and the periphery of the pressing rod 29 between the upper fixing block 28 and the lower fixing block 31 is connected with a compression spring 30 in a pressing mode. When the entering materials promote the floating one roller 32 or the floating two rollers 25 to ascend, the floating one roller 32 or the floating two rollers 25 ascend along the long arc holes 27 by taking the rotating central shaft 26 as a circle center and the long connecting plates 33 or the short connecting plates 34 as a radius, the compression spring 30 is compressed in the ascending process of the floating one roller 32 or the floating two rollers 25, and the floating one roller 32 or the floating two rollers 25 fall under the action of the compression spring 30 after the quantity of the materials descends; the floating one roller 32 and the floating two rollers 25 float up and down under the combined action of the long connecting plate 33, the short connecting plate 34 and the pressing mechanism 40 according to specific working conditions.

The top of the feeding shell welding joint 23 is in an opening shape, an upper cover plate 24 is arranged at the opening of the top of the feeding shell welding joint 23, and the upper cover plate 24 is fixed with the feeding shell welding joint 23 through bolts. When the straw stalk and ear reaping table is used, the top of the feeding shell body welded 23 is sealed by the upper cover plate 24; when used as a silage cutting table, the upper cover plate 24 is in an open state, and the ears at the discharge port 12 of the ear picking table 43 directly enter the feeding and chopping device 14 through the top opening of the feeding shell seam 23 to be chopped together with straws.

The upper space between the floating roller 32 and the floating two rollers 25 is additionally provided with a front arc plate 42, the top end of the front arc plate 42 is fixedly connected with the welding top of the shell, the bottom end of the front arc plate 42 points to the rotary central shaft 26, and the rotary central shaft 26 is an optical axis. The front arc plate 42 ensures that the straw and the fruit cluster are not interfered with each other, which is beneficial to the smooth operation of the chopping process.

The plate-type ear picking header has small damage to ears, reduces the damage rate of the ears, and is suitable for harvesting corn with dry straws; the ear picking mechanism 7 also comprises ear picking plates, a divider and other structures arranged on the conventional plate-type ear picking header, belongs to the prior art, and is not described in detail in the patent; the plate-type ear picking header and the straw header 16 respectively realize the collection of plant ears and straws, and a feeding chopping device 14 is arranged behind the straw header 16 in a matching way, so that the ensiling of the straws and the simultaneous ensiling of the straws and the ears can be realized according to the adjustment of actual conditions. The lower transmission shaft 15 provides power for the swing ring box 47 through belt transmission, and the swing ring box 47 controls the straw cutter 17 to cut the plants; the lower transmission shaft 15 drives a main shaft of a straw auger assembly to rotate through chain transmission, and the straw auger assembly conveys straws into the feeding chopping device 14 for chopping.

When the ear picking header gear boxes 6 work, the ear picking header gear boxes 6 are divided into two groups, and the first header gear box group and the second header gear box group receive power input respectively; one path of power is input, the lower transmission shaft 15 drives the gear box transmission shaft I8 to rotate through chain transmission, and the gear box transmission shaft I8 rotates to drive the plurality of ear picking header gear boxes 6 of the first header gear box group to work; the other path of power input is that the lower transmission shaft 15 drives an auger input chain wheel 11 to rotate through chain transmission, the auger input chain wheel 11 rotates to drive a fruit cluster conveying auger 4 to rotate, the fruit cluster conveying auger 4 rotates to drive an auger output chain wheel 9 to rotate, the auger output chain wheel 9 rotates to drive a gear box transmission shaft II 10 to rotate through chain transmission, and the gear box transmission shaft II 10 rotates to drive a picking header gear box 6 in a second header gear box group to work; the number of the ear picking header tooth boxes 6 in the first header tooth box group and the second header tooth box group can be determined and connected according to actual conditions; the plurality of ear picking header gear boxes 6 are input by two paths of power, so that the working reliability is high.

The position of the mixing port sealing plate 13 and the installation position of the movable screw blade 5 are determined according to specific conditions, when the straw and ear harvesting machine is used as a stem and ear harvesting platform, the movable screw blade 5 is installed at the middle position, the movable screw blade 5 and the fixed screw blade 2 form a continuous screw blade, the screw port sealing plate 13 seals a discharge port 12 matched with the feeding and chopping device 14, the fruit ears are collected and conveyed to an elevator which is externally connected with the discharge port 12 on one side of the ear picking rack 1, and the straws are conveyed into the feeding and chopping device 14 for chopping; when the device is used as a silage cutting table, the movable auger blade 5 is arranged at one end of a spindle of the fruit ear conveying auger 4 far away from the fixed auger blade 2, the auger opening sealing plate 13 seals the discharge opening 12 far away from the fixed auger blade 2, the movable auger blade 5 and the fixed auger blade 2 simultaneously convey materials to the discharge opening 12 in the middle, the discharge opening 12 in the middle is communicated with the feeding chopping device 14, fruit ears picked by the picking table 43 and straws harvested by the straw cutting table 16 simultaneously enter the feeding chopping device 14 for chopping, and therefore the dual-purpose of stem-ear harvesting and silage is achieved.

Claims

1. A reliable header for both stem and ear harvesting and ensiling comprises an ear picking platform (43), a straw header (16) is arranged below the ear picking platform (43), the ear picking platform (43) comprises an ear picking rack (1) and an ear conveying auger (4), a plurality of ear picking mechanisms (7) are arranged on the ear picking rack (1) in front of the ear conveying auger (4), each ear picking mechanism (7) comprises an ear picking header gear box (6), the ear picking header gear box (6) is connected with a pair of ear picking rollers, and two ends of a main shaft of the ear conveying auger (4) are connected with the ear picking rack (1) through bearing seats; the straw cutting table (16) comprises a straw rack (48), a straw auger assembly is arranged in the straw rack (48), and a straw cutting knife (17) is arranged at the front end of the straw rack; the method is characterized in that: a feeding and chopping device (14) is arranged behind the straw cutting table (16); the ear picking platform (43) is a plate-type ear picking platform, a lower transmission shaft (15) is arranged on one side of the rear part of a straw frame (48) of the straw cutting platform (16), and the lower transmission shaft (15) provides power for a straw auger assembly and a straw cutting knife (17); ear picking header gear boxes (6) of a plurality of ear picking mechanisms (7) are divided into a first header gear box group and a second header gear box group, a plurality of ear picking header gear boxes (6) in the first header gear box group are connected through gear box connecting shafts, the first header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft I (8) arranged on one side of an ear picking frame (1), the second header gear box group transmits power through a gear box transmission shaft II (10) arranged on the other side of the ear picking frame (1), and auger input chain wheels (11) and auger output chain wheels (9) are respectively arranged at two ends of an ear conveying auger (4); the lower transmission shaft (15) is used for transmitting power for the gear box transmission shaft I (8) through the transmission part I, the lower transmission shaft (15) drives the screw conveyor input chain wheel (11) to rotate through the transmission part II, and the screw conveyor output chain wheel (9) drives the gear box transmission shaft II (10) to rotate through the transmission part III.

2. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 1, wherein: a fixed auger blade (2) and a movable auger blade (5) are arranged on the periphery of a main shaft of the fruit cluster conveying auger (4), the fixed auger blade (2) is fixed at one end of the periphery of the main shaft, and the movable auger blade (5) is connected with the periphery of the main shaft through a connecting plate and a bolt; and the ear picking frame (1) which is arranged at the lower part behind the ear conveying auger (4) is provided with two discharge ports (12), one discharge port (12) is arranged at one end far away from the fixed auger blade (2), the other discharge port (12) is arranged at the configuration matched with the feeding chopping device (14), and one discharge port (12) in the two discharge ports (12) is sealed by an auger mouth sealing plate (13).

3. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the snapping frame (1) and the top end of the straw frame (48) are provided with hinged seats (20), and the snapping frame (1) and the straw frame (48) are hinged through the hinged seats (20) and hinged shafts; a support rod (44) is arranged between the front end of the ear picking frame (1) and the front end of the straw frame (48); a hanging seat plate (45) is arranged behind the straw rack (48), the feeding chopping device (14) is fixedly connected with the straw rack (48) through the hanging seat plate (45), and a feeding port (19) arranged behind the straw rack (48) is communicated with the feeding chopping device (14).

4. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 3, wherein: the supporting rod (44) is a telescopic rod, and the upper end and the lower end of the supporting rod (44) are respectively hinged with the ear picking rack (1) and the straw rack (48).

5. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 3, wherein: the straw auger assembly comprises a straw auger main shaft (18), a first straw auger blade (21) and a second straw auger blade (22) are respectively arranged on the peripheries of the straw auger main shaft (18) on the two sides of the feeding port (19), and the spiral directions of the first straw auger blade (21) and the second straw auger blade (22) are opposite.

6. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 3, wherein: the feeding chopping device (14) comprises a feeding shell welding joint (23), one end of the feeding shell welding joint (23) close to the feeding port (19) is provided with a rotary central shaft (26), the other end of the feeding shell welding joint (23) is provided with a chopping roller assembly, and a fixed cutter assembly (38) is fixed at a position matched with the chopping roller assembly; two ends of the rotary central shaft (26) respectively penetrate through the feeding shell welding joints (23), and two ends of the rotary central shaft (26) are connected with the feeding shell welding joints (23) through fixed bearing seats; a floating roller (32) and a floating two roller (25) are respectively arranged on two sides of the rotary central shaft (26), and the rotary central shaft (26) transmits power to the floating roller (32) and the floating two roller (25) through chain transmission; a front carrier roller (35) and a rear carrier roller (37) are arranged below the floating roller (32) and the floating two rollers (25), the front carrier roller (35) is arranged in one end, close to the feeding port (19), of the feeding shell welded joint (23), the rear carrier roller (37) is arranged on the front side of the fixed cutter assembly (38), two ends of the front carrier roller (35) and two ends of the rear carrier roller (37) are fixed with the feeding shell welded joint (23) through fixed bearing seats respectively, a transition shaft (36) is arranged between the front carrier roller (35) and the rear carrier roller (37), two ends of the transition shaft (36) are fixed with the feeding shell welded joint (23) through the fixed bearing seats, and the rotary central shaft (26) transmits power to the transition shaft (36) through chain transmission; the transition shaft (36) drives the front carrier roller (35) to rotate through gear engagement, and the front carrier roller (35) drives the rear carrier roller (37) to rotate through chain transmission; the rotating central shaft (26) powers the shredding roll assembly through a chain drive.

7. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 6, wherein: two ends of a roll shaft of the floating one roll (32) and two ends of a roll shaft of the floating two roll (25) are respectively inserted into long arc holes (27) at corresponding positions of the welding joints (23) of the feeding shell, two ends of the floating one roll (32) are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotary central shaft (26) through long connecting plates (33), and two ends of the floating two roll (25) are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotary central shaft (26) through short connecting plates (34); and pressing mechanisms (40) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the roller shaft of the floating roller (32) and above the two ends of the roller shaft of the floating two rollers (25).

8. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 7, wherein: hold-down mechanism (40) are including last fixed block (28) and lower fixed block (31), all be equipped with rectangular hole (46) on last fixed block (28) and lower fixed block (31), it fixes on feeding casing seam (23) of a roller (32) and two roller (25) that float to go up fixed block (28), lower fixed block (31) are fixed with long connecting plate (33) or short connecting plate (34), it is equipped with between fixed block (28) and lower fixed block (31) and compresses tightly pole (29), it runs through rectangular hole (46) on fixed block (28) and lower fixed block (31) respectively to compress tightly pole (29) both ends are connected with lock nut (3) respectively, it has compression spring (30) to press tightly pole (29) periphery crimping between upper fixed block (28) and lower fixed block (31).

9. The header of any one of claims 6-8, which is characterized in that: the top of the feeding shell welding joint (23) is in an opening shape, an upper cover plate (24) is arranged at the opening of the top of the feeding shell welding joint (23), and the upper cover plate (24) is fixed with the feeding shell welding joint (23) through bolts.

10. The reliable dual-purpose header for both tassel and harvesting and ensiling of claim 9, wherein: a front arc plate (42) is additionally arranged in the upper space between the floating roller (32) and the floating two rollers (25), the top end of the front arc plate (42) is fixedly connected with the top of a welding joint (23) of the feeding shell, the bottom end of the front arc plate (42) points to a rotary central shaft (26), and the rotary central shaft (26) is an optical axis.