CN215727406U - Direct shear test device suitable for variable size crack soil - Google Patents
Direct shear test device suitable for variable size crack soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN215727406U CN215727406U CN202122394630.XU CN202122394630U CN215727406U CN 215727406 U CN215727406 U CN 215727406U CN 202122394630 U CN202122394630 U CN 202122394630U CN 215727406 U CN215727406 U CN 215727406U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a direct shear test device suitable for variable-size fractured soil, which comprises: the frame comprises a bottom plate and a bracket fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate; the shearing box unit comprises an upper shearing box, a lower shearing box and various ring sleeves with different sizes; the number of the loading units is two, any loading unit is fixedly connected to the top end of the support and used for applying consolidation pressure, and the other loading unit is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate and used for applying shear stress; the measuring unit comprises a first compressive stress sensor, a second compressive stress sensor and an electronic percentage indicator, the first compressive stress sensor and the second compressive stress sensor are respectively electrically connected with the electronic percentage indicator, the device can realize the variable-size direct shear test on site, has the characteristics of portability and variable size, can be directly taken to the site to perform the direct shear test, avoids transportation disturbance, and the values of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle obtained from the transportation are closer to the actual situation. Meanwhile, a matched sampling device is designed, and field sampling is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of strength testing of fractured soil with variable sample sizes, in particular to a direct shear test device suitable for the fractured soil with variable sizes.
Background
The fissure soil belongs to special soil and is widely distributed in southern areas. Under the action of dry-wet circulation, the fissure soil can generate wet swelling and dry shrinkage phenomena to form a large number of macroscopic and microscopic fissures, and the fissures can obviously increase the permeability of the soil body, reduce the strength of the soil body and increase the risk of landslide. Therefore, the evaluation of the strength rule of the fractured soil is an important condition for analyzing the stability of the fractured soil slope.
In the test, the sample must be a typical unit of features representing the characteristics of the soil mass, must be guaranteed to be uniform and representative. This is therefore particularly important for the selection of the sample size. In the case of fractured soil, the selection of the sample size is particularly important because the fracture is relatively developed and the selected sample representation necessarily includes fractures. The size of the sample is selected to be small, including less cracks, and the direct shear test strength is higher; and if the size of the selected sample is too large, the test cost is increased, and the test is inconvenient. Therefore, the method has important significance for selecting reasonable sample sizes for different fractured soil bodies.
At present, the direct shear strength test size of the fractured soil is still a fixed size, and the influence of the size of a sample is not considered, so that the direct shear strength of different sample sizes in the fractured soil cannot be accurately tested, and the study on the strength rule of the fractured soil is seriously hindered.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a direct shear test device suitable for variable-size fractured soil, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, testing the direct shear strength of different sample sizes in the fractured soil, selecting a reasonable sample size and researching the strength rule of the fractured soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme: the utility model provides a direct shear test device suitable for variable-size fractured soil, which comprises: the frame comprises a bottom plate and a bracket fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate; the shearing box unit comprises an upper shearing box, a lower shearing box and various ring sleeves with different sizes, wherein the ring sleeves are respectively arranged in the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are arranged in the bracket, the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are mutually contacted from top to bottom, and the lower shearing box is in sliding connection with the bottom plate; the number of the loading units is two, any one loading unit is fixedly connected to the top end of the support and used for applying consolidation pressure, and the other loading unit is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate and used for applying shear stress; the measuring unit comprises a first compressive stress sensor, a second compressive stress sensor and an electronic dial indicator, wherein the first compressive stress sensor and the second compressive stress sensor are respectively electrically connected with the electronic dial indicator, the first compressive stress sensor is arranged between the loading unit and the upper shearing box on the support, the bottom end of the first compressive stress sensor is fixedly connected with a force transferring cap, the force transferring cap is slidably connected with the support, the second compressive stress sensor and the electronic dial indicator are both arranged on the bottom plate and are positioned on one side of the bottom plate, which is far away from the loading unit, the measuring end of the second compressive stress sensor faces the side wall of the upper shearing box, and the measuring end of the electronic dial indicator faces the side wall of the lower shearing box; a soil sampling device for taking a soil sample of reasonable size and placing the soil sample into a collar, comprising: the soil sampler is used for acquiring a soil sample with a reasonable size and placing the soil sample into the annular sleeve; the telescopic assembly comprises a hand-operated jack, and the soil sampler is mounted at the output end of the hand-operated jack; and the fixing component is used for fixing the position of the hand-operated jack.
Preferably, a plurality of balance screws are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate, and a first level gauge is fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate.
Preferably, a slide rail is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate, the slide rail is located in the support, and the lower shearing box is slidably connected with the slide rail.
Preferably, the output end of the loading unit on the bracket is positioned on the same straight line with the first pressure stress sensor.
Preferably, the force transmission cap is positioned at the top of the upper shear box, and the size of the force transmission cap is matched with that of the loop sleeve.
Preferably, the loading unit is mainly composed of an electrically controlled propeller.
Preferably, fixed subassembly includes the reaction beam, the both ends of reaction beam rigid coupling respectively have the earth anchor, the top surface of reaction beam is fixed with the second spirit level, the bottom surface of reaction beam is fixed with hand formula jack, the output rigid coupling of hand formula jack has the extension top, the geotome install in the bottom of extension top.
The utility model discloses the following technical effects: according to the utility model, the ring sleeves with different sizes are placed in the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, so that the shearing area is changed, a soil sample with a reasonable size is placed, the shearing box is pushed by the loading unit, consolidation pressure and shearing stress are applied according to different geological conditions, the soil sample is horizontally sheared after being consolidated, and the variable-size fractured soil direct shearing test is rapidly and accurately carried out in a construction site. This device is simple light, can take to the job site and test, and has overcome the difficulty that direct shear apparatus in the past can only cut single diameter soil sample, and this device has used the ring cover of different internal diameters in order to realize becoming the size shearing, and the consolidation pressure of applying and shear stress all are provided by the loading unit, need not take the weight certainly like conventional direct shear apparatus, can load smoothly, improves experimental accuracy greatly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a direct shear test apparatus suitable for variable-size fractured soil of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a direct shear test apparatus suitable for variable size fractured soil of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a differently sized collar of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a collar of the present invention in different sizes;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the soil sampling device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a different sized geotome of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a different size geotome of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is the bottom plate, 2 is the support, 3 is the balance screw, 5 is automatically controlled propeller, 6 is first compressive stress sensor, 7 is to pass the power cap, 8 is last shear box, 9 is lower shear box, 10 is the slide rail, 12 is first spirit level, 13 is second compressive stress sensor, 14 is the electron percentage table, 15 is the ring cover, 16 is the earth anchor, 17 is the reaction crossbeam, 18 is the second spirit level, 19 is hand formula jack, 20 is extension top, 21 is the geotome.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment relates to a testing technique for fractured soil, and more particularly, to a testing technique for strength of fractured soil with varying sample sizes and a method thereof. Specifically, the present embodiment relates to a test of direct shear strength of a fractured soil body, which includes fracture change by preparing samples of different sample sizes on site, and testing a change relationship of a strength parameter of the fractured soil sample along with the sample size, so as to obtain an accurate fractured soil strength index for guiding engineering practice, wherein the device specifically comprises:
the frame comprises a bottom plate 1 and a bracket 2 fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 1; the bottom plate 1 is the basis of all the other parts, and support 2 plays the effect of providing the reaction force, and support 2 is that four stand and a top horizontal iron plate that link up and fix on bottom plate 1 constitute, and the stand upper end is the screw structure for the fixed roof.
The shearing box unit comprises an upper shearing box 8, a lower shearing box 9 and a plurality of ring sleeves 15 with different sizes, preferably, the ring sleeves 15 with three different sizes are adopted in the embodiment, the ring sleeves 15 are respectively arranged in the upper shearing box 8 and the lower shearing box 9, the upper shearing box 8 and the lower shearing box 9 are arranged in the bracket 2, the upper shearing box 8 and the lower shearing box 9 are mutually contacted from top to bottom, and the lower shearing box 9 is in sliding connection with the bottom plate 1; go up to cut box 8 and dig a little cuboid for the middle of the cuboid, and make middle little cuboid link up, the length and the width of middle little cuboid equal, the height is little slightly little, little cuboid top shape is a square, can put into the not cylindrical size of ring cover 15 control center of equidimension when cuting, cut with putting into not unidimensional soil sample, cut box 9 down and dig a little cuboid for the middle of the cuboid, do not make the cuboid link up, make the bottom of cutting box 9 bottom down leave, the little cuboid shape of digging out is unanimous in little cuboid of cutting box 8 with last, can put into the not cylindrical size of ring cover 15 control center of equidimension when cuting, cut with putting into not unidimensional soil sample.
The number of the loading units is two, any one loading unit is fixedly connected to the top end of the support 2 and used for applying consolidation pressure, and the other loading unit is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 1 and used for applying shear stress;
the measuring unit comprises a first compressive stress sensor 6, a second compressive stress sensor 13 and an electronic dial indicator 14, wherein the first compressive stress sensor 6 and the second compressive stress sensor 13 are respectively electrically connected with the electronic dial indicator 14, the first compressive stress sensor 6 in the middle of the bracket 2 and the second compressive stress sensor 13 on the right side of the bottom plate 1 are of the same type and are connected to a computer through cables to record data, the electronic dial indicator 14 is adsorbed on the base 1 through a movable magnetic absorption base and is connected to the computer through cables to record data, the first compressive stress sensor 6 is arranged between a loading unit on the bracket 2 and an upper shearing box 8, the bottom end of the first compressive stress sensor 6 is fixedly connected with a force transmission cap 7 covering the upper end of a soil sample, the force transmission cap 7 is in sliding connection with the bracket 2, and the second compressive stress sensor 13 and the electronic dial indicator 14 are both arranged on the bottom plate 1, the second compressive stress sensor 13 is a compressive stress sensor before and after being adjusted, the electronic dial indicator 14 is used for measuring displacement, the second compressive stress sensor and the electronic dial indicator are both positioned on the right side of the bottom plate 1, the measuring end of the second compressive stress sensor 13 faces the side wall of the upper shearing box 8, and the measuring end of the electronic dial indicator 14 faces the side wall of the lower shearing box 9.
According to the embodiment, the ring sleeves 15 with different sizes are placed in the shearing box, so that the shearing area is changed, the soil sample with reasonable size is placed, the shearing box is pushed by the loading units above and on the left side of the shearing box, confining pressure and shearing stress are applied according to different geological conditions, the soil sample is horizontally sheared after being solidified, and the variable-size fractured soil direct shear test can be rapidly and accurately performed in a construction site.
According to the further optimization scheme, a plurality of balance screws 3 are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 1, preferably three balance screws are mounted on the bottom plate 1, the three balance screws 3 used for adjusting the level on the bottom plate 1 are in an isosceles triangle shape and penetrate through the bottom plate 1, a first level 12 is fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate 1 and used for monitoring whether the bottom plate 1 is level or not, and the first level 12 is fixed on the bottom plate 1 and keeps level with the bottom plate 1.
According to the further optimization scheme, the sliding rails 10 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 1, the sliding rails 10 are located in the support 2, the lower shearing box 9 is in sliding connection with the sliding rails 10, the sliding rails 10 are two grooves parallel to the bottom plate 1, and steel balls used for reducing friction force are arranged on the grooves.
According to the further optimization scheme, the output end of the loading unit positioned on the support 2 and the first pressure stress sensor 6 are positioned on the same straight line, so that the first pressure stress sensor 6 is directly jacked when the output end of the loading unit extends out.
According to the further optimized scheme, the force transmission cap 7 is located at the top of the upper shearing box 8, the size of the force transmission cap 7 is matched with that of the ring sleeve 15, the force transmission cap 7 is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the upper portion of the force transmission cap is connected with and fixed to the first pressure stress sensor 6.
In a further optimized scheme, the loading unit fixed at the upper end of the bracket 2 and the loading unit on the left side of the bottom plate 1 are the same, and an electric control propeller 5 is specifically adopted.
A soil sampling device is used for taking a soil sample with reasonable size and putting the soil sample into a ring sleeve 15, and the concrete structure of the soil sampling device comprises:
the soil sampler 21 is used for obtaining a soil sample with a reasonable size and placing the soil sample into the ring sleeve 15;
the telescopic assembly comprises a hand-operated jack 19, and the soil sampler 21 is arranged at the output end of the hand-operated jack 19;
and the fixing component is used for fixing the position of the hand-operated jack 19.
Further optimize the scheme, fixed subassembly includes reaction beam 17, and the both ends of reaction beam 17 are the rigid coupling respectively has earth anchor 16, and reaction beam 17's top surface is fixed with second spirit level 18 for confirm reaction beam 17's level, and reaction beam 17's bottom surface is fixed with hand formula jack 19, and hand formula jack 19's output rigid coupling has extension top 20, and geotome 21 is installed in the bottom of extension top 20.
This embodiment utilizes supporting geotome to gain the soil sample of reasonable size, puts into the shearing box with corresponding size's ring cover 15, puts into the soil sample in the ring cover 15, exerts confined pressure and shear stress through two automatically controlled propellers 5, makes the horizontal slip after the soil sample concreties, rethread data line respectively with electron percentage table 14, first pressure stress sensor 6 and second pressure stress sensor 13 link to each other, the displacement and the pressure developments of real-time supervision system, just so can carry out the direct shear test of variable size smoothly.
When the direct shear experimental device suitable for the variable-size fractured soil provided by the embodiment is used, the operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling on site: determining a sampling place, digging a soil pit to the top surface of a preset position by using tools such as a draft, inserting two ground anchors 16 into two sides of the soil pit, respectively connecting a reaction beam 17 with the two ground anchors 16 by using bolts, installing a second level gauge 18 above the reaction beam 17, installing a hand-operated jack 19 below the reaction beam 17, arranging a lengthened top head 20 below the jack, connecting the top head with a soil sampler 21, shaking the hand-operated jack 19 to press the soil sampler 21 into soil during use, and then pulling out and leveling the surface of the soil sample;
step two: and (3) sample installation: firstly, adjusting three balance screws 3 of a bottom plate 1 to ensure that the bottom plate 1 is horizontal, dismounting a top plate of a bracket 2 and an electric control propeller 5 arranged on the top plate, dismounting a first pressure stress sensor 6 and a force transmission cap 7, sequentially putting two ring sleeves 15 into a lower shearing box 9 and an upper shearing box 8, slowly pressing soil in a soil sampler 21 into the ring sleeves 15, and finally, sequentially mounting the force transmission cap 7 on the shearing box, the first pressure stress sensor 6, the electric control propeller 5 and the top plate;
step three: applying consolidation pressure: applying consolidation pressure by using the electric control propeller 5 on the bracket 2 until the preset consolidation pressure is loaded, slowly applying the pressure, obtaining data from the first pressure stress sensor 6, and ensuring that the axis of the electric control propeller 5 is vertical when in use;
the reading of the first pressure sensor 6 on the support 2 is related to the preset consolidation pressure as follows:
F1＝σAs-F
wherein: f1Is the reading (N) of the first compressive stress sensor 6; σ is a preset consolidation pressure (kPa), ASIs the shear area of the soil sample (cm2) (ii) a F is the force (N) generated by the weight of the first compressive stress sensor 6 and the force transmitting cap 7.
Step four: applying shear stress: the application of shear stress is carried out by using an electrically controlled propeller 5 on the base plate 1, and the loading rate can be controlled to realize fast shearing or slow shearing;
step five: data acquisition and processing: obtaining shear stress data through a second pressure stress sensor 13 on the right side of the bottom plate 1, obtaining shear displacement data through an electronic dial indicator 14, drawing a relation curve of the shear stress and the shear displacement by taking the shear stress as a vertical coordinate and the shear displacement as a horizontal coordinate, and selecting a peak point or a stable value on the relation curve as shear strength S;
and drawing a relation curve of the shear strength and the vertical pressure by taking the shear strength S as a vertical coordinate and the vertical pressure P as a horizontal coordinate, and drawing a straight line according to each point on the graph to obtain the internal friction angle and the cohesive force.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a direct shear test device suitable for become size crack soil which characterized in that includes:
the frame comprises a bottom plate (1) and a bracket (2) fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (1);
the shearing box unit comprises an upper shearing box (8), a lower shearing box (9) and multiple ring sleeves (15) with different sizes, wherein the ring sleeves (15) are respectively arranged in the upper shearing box (8) and the lower shearing box (9), the upper shearing box (8) and the lower shearing box (9) are arranged in the bracket (2), the upper shearing box (8) and the lower shearing box (9) are in mutual contact from top to bottom, and the lower shearing box (9) is in sliding connection with the bottom plate (1);
the number of the loading units is two, any one loading unit is fixedly connected to the top end of the support (2) and used for applying consolidation pressure, and the other loading unit is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (1) and used for applying shear stress;
the measuring unit comprises a first compressive stress sensor (6), a second compressive stress sensor (13) and an electronic percentage indicator (14), wherein the first compressive stress sensor (6) and the second compressive stress sensor (13) are respectively electrically connected with the electronic percentage indicator (14), the first compressive stress sensor (6) is arranged between the loading unit and the upper shearing box (8) on the support (2), the bottom end of the first compressive stress sensor (6) is fixedly connected with a force transmission cap (7), the force transmission cap (7) is in sliding connection with the support (2), the second compressive stress sensor (13) and the electronic percentage indicator (14) are both arranged on the bottom plate (1) and are positioned on one side of the bottom plate (1) far away from the loading unit, and the measuring end of the second compressive stress sensor (13) faces to the side wall of the upper shearing box (8), the measuring end of the electronic dial indicator (14) faces the side wall of the lower shearing box (9);
soil sampling device for taking a soil sample of reasonable size and placing the soil sample in a loop (15), comprising:
the soil sampler (21) is used for taking a soil sample with a reasonable size and placing the soil sample into the ring sleeve (15);
the telescopic assembly comprises a hand-operated jack (19), and the soil sampler (21) is installed at the output end of the hand-operated jack (19);
a fixing component for fixing the position of the hand-operated jack (19).
2. The direct shear test device suitable for the soil with the variable-size cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of balance screws (3) are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (1), and a first level meter (12) is fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate (1).
3. The direct shear test device suitable for the soil with the variable-size cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed connection has slide rail (10) on the top surface of bottom plate (1), slide rail (10) are located in support (2), just shear box (9) down with slide rail (10) sliding connection.
4. The direct shear test device suitable for the soil with the variable-size cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the output end of the loading unit positioned on the bracket (2) is positioned on the same straight line with the first pressure stress sensor (6).
5. The direct shear test device suitable for the soil with the variable-size cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the force transmission cap (7) is positioned at the top of the upper shearing box (8), and the size of the force transmission cap (7) is matched with that of the ring sleeve (15).
6. A direct shear test device suitable for variable-size fractured soil according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the loading unit is mainly composed of an electric control propeller (5).
7. The direct shear test device suitable for the soil with the variable-size cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed subassembly includes reaction beam (17), the both ends difference rigid coupling of reaction beam (17) has earth anchor (16), the top surface of reaction beam (17) is fixed with second spirit level (18), the bottom surface of reaction beam (17) is fixed with hand formula jack (19), the output rigid coupling of hand formula jack (19) has extension top (20), geotome (21) install in the bottom of extension top (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122394630.XU CN215727406U (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Direct shear test device suitable for variable size crack soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122394630.XU CN215727406U (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Direct shear test device suitable for variable size crack soil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215727406U true CN215727406U (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| CN202122394630.XU Active CN215727406U (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Direct shear test device suitable for variable size crack soil |
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2021
- 2021-09-30 CN CN202122394630.XU patent/CN215727406U/en active Active
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