CN215670483U - Interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving building block - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chain anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block, belonging to the technical field of heat preservation structure/anti-seismic structure/concrete material and masonry structure of building walls; grooves and tenons are vertically arranged at the left side end part and the right side end part of the main building block and the auxiliary building block, and the tenons and the grooves which are inclined by 45 degrees and are intersected in the middle and one side are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface; the building block is built by a full sequential building method by adopting a lattice structure, so that the left, right, upper and lower combination grooves and the tenons of the building block are mutually occluded. According to different design requirements, the upper and lower main building blocks are built in a staggered overlapping mode, and the auxiliary building blocks are matched. Agricultural and industrial wastes are adopted to equivalently replace cement, natural coarse aggregate and natural fine aggregate in the traditional building block material. The building blocks have low production cost, good cooperativity among the building blocks and simple and convenient construction; the heat preservation, the freeze thawing resistance and the seismic performance are excellent; green, environment-friendly, energy-saving, economical and practical. The method is suitable for energy-saving reconstruction, earthquake-resistant engineering and new construction of existing buildings in northern cold and severe cold areas.

Description

Interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving building block

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of thermal insulation structure/anti-seismic structure/concrete material and masonry structure of building walls, and particularly relates to a chain anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the requirements of building masonry structure for integration of energy conservation, heat preservation, shock resistance, environmental protection and the like, the traditional building blocks do not meet the development trend of new materials with energy conservation, low consumption and environmental protection. In cold and severe cold areas in the north, energy-saving reconstruction and earthquake-resistant engineering of existing buildings and new engineering need to add a plurality of additional layers such as heat-insulating layers after the construction of an outer wall structure, so that the construction cost is increased, the construction period is prolonged, and the common quality problems are more.

The interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block adopting the tenon-and-mortise structure is green and environment-friendly, has the characteristics of waste utilization, low price, light weight and high strength, can be widely applied to various building walls, and has better energy conservation, fire resistance and durability compared with the traditional wall material.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a chain anti-seismic energy-saving building block, which has the advantages of good cooperativity among building blocks, good anti-seismic performance, simple and convenient construction, low heat conductivity coefficient, good thermal insulation performance and low construction cost; meanwhile, the waste resources are recycled, ecological resources and environment are protected, and the requirements of green design and construction are met.

In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly and energy-saving building block is as follows:

a chain anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block comprises a main building block, a first auxiliary building block, a second auxiliary building block and a third auxiliary building block, wherein the main building block and the first/second/third auxiliary building blocks are matched, extended and built in a staggered lap joint mode along the length and thickness directions of the building blocks and are mutually and cooperatively occluded;

the first auxiliary building block is built on one side of the main building block in the length direction, the second auxiliary building block is built on the other side of the main building block in the length direction, and the third auxiliary building block is matched with the main building block and built at the joint of the inner wall and the outer wall of the masonry structure;

the main building block comprises a main brick body, and a main tenon and a main groove which are inclined by 45 degrees and intersect at the midpoint of one side edge are respectively arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the main brick body; the first auxiliary building block comprises an auxiliary brick body, and a tenon at the top which is inclined by 45 degrees and is superposed on the diagonal line is symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the auxiliary brick body; the second auxiliary building block comprises an auxiliary second brick body, wherein top grooves which are inclined by 45 degrees and are superposed on diagonal lines are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the second auxiliary building block, the third auxiliary building block comprises an auxiliary third brick body, and top two tenons and top two grooves which are inclined by 45 degrees and are intersected at one side edge are respectively arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the third auxiliary building block;

the horizontal main tenon and the main groove are connected with the horizontal main groove, the top one groove, the top two grooves and the main tenon, the top one tenon and the top two tenons of the other upper and lower skin building blocks by masonry mortar.

Furthermore, two sides of the main brick body along the long edge direction are provided with a vertical main groove and a vertical main tenon; two sides of the first auxiliary brick body along the long edge direction are provided with a first vertical auxiliary groove and a first vertical auxiliary tenon; two auxiliary grooves and two auxiliary tenons are arranged on two sides of the auxiliary brick body along the long edge direction; one side of the auxiliary three-brick body along the long edge direction is provided with a vertical auxiliary three-groove;

the vertical main tenon is connected with the vertical main groove and the auxiliary first/second/third groove of the other adjacent building block by masonry mortar, and the vertical main groove is connected with the vertical main tenon and the auxiliary first/second tenon of the other adjacent building block by the masonry mortar.

Furthermore, the vertical main groove, the auxiliary first/second/third groove and the main tenon, the auxiliary first/second tenon, the horizontal main tenon, the top first/second tenon, the main groove and the top first/second groove are respectively integrated with the main brick body and the auxiliary first/second/third brick body into a whole.

Furthermore, the main brick body and the auxiliary one/two/three brick bodies are respectively provided with two rows of heat insulation structures.

Furthermore, one vertical main groove, one auxiliary first/second/third groove, one main tenon and one auxiliary first/second tenon are arranged; two horizontal main tenons, two horizontal top tenons, two horizontal main grooves and two horizontal main tenons are arranged.

Furthermore, the vertical main groove, the auxiliary first/second/third groove, the vertical main tenon and the vertical auxiliary first/second tenon are respectively symmetrical along the central line of the main building block and the first/second/third building block.

Furthermore, the center lines of the horizontal main tenon and the horizontal main groove are both started from the corner points of the main brick body, are inclined by 45 degrees and are intersected at the middle point of one side edge; the center lines of the top-tenon and the top-groove respectively start from the corner points of the secondary first brick body/second brick body, are inclined by 45 degrees and are superposed with the diagonal lines; the center line of the top two tenon starts from the corner point of the secondary three brick bodies, inclines by 45 degrees and intersects at the intersection point of one side edge of the secondary three brick bodies; the central line of the top two grooves starts from the intersection point, inclines by 45 degrees and intersects with the middle point of the other side edge, and two end points of the central line are not superposed with the corner points.

Further, the agricultural and industrial wastes are adopted and subjected to secondary processing to replace cement, natural broken stones or pebbles and sand in the traditional building block material in the same amount.

The interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block disclosed by the utility model has the following advantages: the interlocking anti-seismic energy-saving building block has the advantages of good cooperativity among the building blocks, good anti-seismic performance, simple and convenient construction, low heat conductivity coefficient, good thermal insulation performance and low construction cost; meanwhile, the waste resources are recycled, ecological resources and environment are protected, and the requirements of green design and construction are met.

The utility model enhances the heat preservation effect of the building block by arranging two rows of heat preservation and insulation cavities; the anti-seismic performance of the brick body of the building block is enhanced through the staggered lap joint of the vertical and horizontal tenons and the grooves, the building is simple and convenient, and the construction period is shortened; agricultural and industrial wastes are utilized to replace building raw materials according to the same quantity, so that the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the cost is reduced, and the ecological environment is protected, thereby being in line with green design and construction. The method is suitable for energy-saving reconstruction engineering, earthquake-resistant engineering and new construction of existing buildings in northern cold and severe cold areas.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main block brick body of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving block.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first auxiliary brick body structure of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly and energy-saving building block.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second auxiliary block body structure of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly and energy-saving block.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a third auxiliary block brick structure of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving block.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the brick combination of the main and auxiliary building blocks of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the brick body of the main and auxiliary blocks of the interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving block of the utility model, wherein the brick body is covered with a row of bricks.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the brick body of the main and auxiliary blocks of the interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving block of the utility model, and the brick body is laid by one row of bricks.

Fig. 8 is a top view of a main block of the interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving block of the utility model.

Fig. 9 is a top view of a first secondary block of the interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving block of the utility model.

Fig. 10 is a top view of a second secondary block of the interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving block of the utility model.

Fig. 11 is a top view of a third auxiliary block of the interlocking shock-resistant environment-friendly energy-saving block of the utility model.

The notation in the figure is: 1. a main building block; 11. a main brick body; 12. a main groove; 13. a main tenon; 14. a main tenon; 15. a main groove; 16. a main internal thermal insulation cavity; 17. a main external thermal insulation cavity; 18. a main brick rib; 2. a first set of blocks; 21. a secondary brick body; 22. a second groove; 23. a tenon is arranged secondarily; 24. ejecting a tenon; 25. a secondary first inner heat-insulating cavity; 26. a secondary external heat-insulating cavity; 27. a secondary brick rib; 3. a second secondary block; 31. a secondary second brick body; 32. a secondary groove; 33. a secondary two-tenon; 34. supporting a groove; 35. the second pair is provided with an inner heat-insulating cavity; 36. a secondary external heat-insulating cavity; 37. secondary two brick ribs; 4. a third pair of building blocks; 41. a secondary three-brick body; 42. a secondary three-groove; 43. two tenons are arranged at the top; 44. two grooves are arranged at the top; 45. the third pair of inner heat-insulating cavities; 46. the third auxiliary heat-insulating cavity; 47. and (5) secondary three brick ribs.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the utility model, the following describes a chain anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-11, an embodiment of the present invention: a chain anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block comprises a main building block 1, a first auxiliary building block 2, a second auxiliary building block 3 and a third auxiliary building block 4. The side surfaces of the left end parts of a main brick body 11 of the main building block and auxiliary first/second/third brick bodies 21, 31 and 41 of first/second/third auxiliary building blocks 2, 3 and 4 are respectively provided with a vertical main groove 12 and auxiliary first/second/third grooves 22, 32 and 42, and the side surfaces of the right end parts are respectively provided with a vertical main tenon 13 and auxiliary first/second tenons 23 and 33; meanwhile, a main tenon 14 and a main groove 15 which are inclined by 45 degrees and intersect at the midpoint of one side are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the main brick body 11; in the utility model, the top-tenon 24 and the top-groove 34 inclined at 45 degrees are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the first-brick-body 21 and the top-tenon 34 inclined at 45 degrees are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the second-brick-body 31; two top tenons 43 and two top grooves 44 which are inclined at 45 degrees and intersect at one side are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction at the upper and lower surfaces of the secondary three-brick body 41. The main vertical groove 12 and the first/second/third auxiliary grooves 22, 32 and 42, the main vertical tenon 13 and the first/second auxiliary tenons 23 and 33, the main horizontal tenon 14, the first/second top tenons 24 and 43, and the main horizontal groove 15 and the first/second top grooves 34 and 44 respectively form an integral structure with the main brick body 11 and the first/second/third auxiliary brick bodies 21, 31 and 41.

The main building block 1 is built in a staggered lap joint mode in an extending mode according to the length and thickness directions of the building blocks, a first auxiliary building block 2, a second auxiliary building block 3 and a third auxiliary building block 4 are matched, a vertical main tenon 13 of the main building block 1 is connected with a vertical main groove 12 and auxiliary first/second/ third grooves 22, 32 and 42 of another adjacent building block through masonry mortar, and a vertical main groove 12 of the main building block is connected with a vertical main tenon 13 and auxiliary first/ second tenons 23 and 33 of another adjacent building block through the masonry mortar;

meanwhile, the horizontal main tenon 14 and the main groove 15 are connected with the horizontal main groove 15, the top-one groove 34, the top-two groove 44, the main tenon 14, the top-one tenon 24 and the top-two tenon 43 of another upper and lower skin building block by masonry mortar.

The inner and outer sides close to the main brick body 11 and the auxiliary one/two/three brick bodies 21, 31 and 41 of the building block are respectively provided with a main inner heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 16, a main outer heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 17, an auxiliary one inner heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 25, an auxiliary one outer heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 26, an auxiliary two inner heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 35, an auxiliary two outer heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 36, an auxiliary three inner heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 45 and an auxiliary three outer heat-insulating and heat-insulating cavity 46 according to the left and right through length, so that the heat-insulating and heat-insulating properties are enhanced; the main building block 1, the first auxiliary building block 2, the second auxiliary building block 3 and the third auxiliary building block 4 are built according to a full-sequential building method, and the third auxiliary building block 4 is used at the joint of the inner wall and the outer wall.

In the present embodiment, the main block 1 has a standard size of 390mm × 190mm × 190mm, the first sub blocks 2 and 3 have a standard size of 190mm × 190mm × 190mm, and the third sub block 4 has a standard size of 290mm × 190mm × 190 mm.

In the present embodiment, the vertical main groove 12, the auxiliary first/second/ third grooves 22, 32, 42, and the vertical main tenon 13, the auxiliary first/ second tenon 23, 33 are respectively provided, and the cross-sectional dimensions thereof are respectively 10mm × 40mm and 10mm × 20 mm.

In the present embodiment, two horizontal main tenons 14, 24, 43 and two main grooves 15, 34, 44 are provided, and the cross sections thereof are respectively 10mm × 20mm and 10mm × 40 mm; the main building blocks 1 are built by a full-sequential building method, the main building blocks are built by staggered joints of building mortar to the holes, and the vertical grooves and the tenons are mutually occluded when the main building blocks are built by extending along the length direction of the building blocks in a joggle joint mode; simultaneously, when building block thickness direction extension was built by laying bricks or stones, horizontal tenon and the mutual interlock of recess made masonry structure more firm, reinforcing anti-seismic performance. First pair building block 2 cooperation main building block 1 is built by laying bricks or stones in masonry structure one side, the vice building block of second 3 cooperation main building blocks 1 is built by laying bricks or stones at masonry structure opposite side, the vice building block of third 4 cooperation main building blocks 1 is built by laying bricks or stones in masonry structure inside and outside wall handing-over department.

In the embodiment, the two rows of heat preservation and insulation cavities 16, 25, 35, 45 and 17, 26, 36, 46 of the main block 1, the first auxiliary block 2, the second auxiliary block 3, and the third auxiliary block 4 are respectively supported by a shaping mold, and the joints of the vertical tenons and the grooves and the joints of the horizontal tenons and the grooves are also supported by the shaping mold.

In the present embodiment, the main brick body 11 and the sub one/two/three brick bodies 21, 31, 41 are provided with the main brick rib 18 and the sub one/two/three brick ribs 27, 37, 47.

The paddy is the first large grain crop in China, and the rice hulls are used as wastes in paddy processing and account for about 20% of the weight of the paddy; in rural areas, rice hulls are only considered as a cheap fuel. As a big agricultural country, the straw resources are rich, the annual average yield is about 10 hundred million tons (t), but the utilization rate is low, and a large amount of crop straws are burnt to cause bad influence on the environment, so that the straw resource waste is great, and the strategy of sustainable development is not met. The ground rice hulls and the straws are used as renewable resources, can be used as building heat-insulating materials, and can effectively reduce the dead weight of the building materials due to light weight.

As a necessary product of coal burning in a thermal power plant, the fly ash is a pollution source with the largest discharge amount in industrial solid wastes in China. According to statistics, 1 ton of fly ash is generated when 4 tons of coal are consumed, and with the development of the power industry, the emission amount of the fly ash is increased year by year, and the annual output is about 8 hundred million t; the annual slag discharge amount of the steel plant is more than 1 hundred million t. The large amount of piled up materials occupies the land and causes serious pollution to the environment. The slag and the fly ash are industrial wastes with potential activity, are used as good artificial volcanic ash materials, and the use of secondary raw materials of the slag and the fly ash can effectively reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, and is waste-utilizing and environment-friendly.

An important way for realizing the green and sustainable development of concrete is to reduce the consumption of cement; meanwhile, agricultural and industrial wastes are utilized to replace cement and natural coarse and fine aggregates in equal amount, so that the discharge of harmful substances is reduced, the ecological environment is protected, and the recycling of limited resources is realized.

In the embodiment, the finely ground rice hulls obtained by secondarily processing the rice hulls of agricultural wastes are adopted to replace the cement consumption in the traditional building block material according to 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of the same amount, so that the cost is reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.

In the embodiment, the recycled coarse aggregate obtained by secondarily processing the house concrete removed by the construction waste is used for replacing natural broken stones in the traditional block material according to the equivalent amount of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, so that the cost is reduced, and resources are protected.

According to different engineering requirements, different agricultural and construction industry waste varieties and mixing amounts can be selected according to the trial-matching strength of concrete and building blocks.

The masonry mortar adopted by the utility model is M5.0 common mortar in general areas, and M7.5 common mortar in earthquake high-incidence areas.

The strength grade of the cement used in the utility model is 42.5-52.5 MPa.

It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the utility model without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the utility model not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the utility model will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block is characterized by comprising a main building block (1), a first auxiliary building block (2), a second auxiliary building block (3) and a third auxiliary building block (4), wherein the main building block (1) and the first/second/third auxiliary building blocks (2, 3, 4) are matched, extended and built along the length and thickness directions of the building blocks in a staggered lap joint mode and are mutually meshed in a cooperative manner;

the first auxiliary building block (2) is built on one side of the main building block (1) in the length direction, the second auxiliary building block (3) is built on the other side of the main building block (1) in the length direction, and the third auxiliary building block (4) is matched with the main building block (1) and built at the joint of the inner wall and the outer wall of the masonry structure;

the main building block (1) comprises a main brick body (11), and a main tenon (14) and a main groove (15) which are inclined by 45 degrees and intersect at the midpoint of one side edge are respectively arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the main brick body; the first auxiliary building block (2) comprises an auxiliary brick body (21), and a top tenon (24) inclined by 45 degrees is symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the auxiliary brick body; the second auxiliary building block (3) comprises an auxiliary second brick body (31), a first jacking groove (34) inclined by 45 degrees is symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the second auxiliary building block, the third auxiliary building block (4) comprises an auxiliary third brick body (41), and a second jacking tenon (43) and a second jacking groove (44) which are inclined by 45 degrees and intersect at one side are respectively arranged in the horizontal direction of the upper surface and the lower surface of the third auxiliary building block;

the horizontal main tenon (14) and the main groove (15) are connected with the horizontal main groove (15), the top-first groove (34), the top-second groove (44), the main tenon (14), the top-first tenon (24) and the top-second tenon (43) of another upper and lower skin building block by masonry mortar.

2. An interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block according to claim 1, wherein the main brick body (11) is provided with vertical main grooves (12) and vertical main tenons (13) along two sides of the long edge direction; two sides of the first auxiliary brick body (21) are provided with a first vertical auxiliary groove (22) and a first auxiliary tenon (23); two vertical secondary grooves (32) and secondary tenons (33) are arranged on two sides of the secondary brick body (31); one side of the auxiliary three-brick body (41) along the long side direction is provided with a vertical auxiliary three-groove (42);

the vertical main tenon (13) is connected with the vertical main groove (12) and the auxiliary first/second/third groove (22, 32, 42) of another adjacent building block by masonry mortar, and the main groove (12) is connected with the vertical main tenon (13) and the auxiliary first/second tenon (23, 33) of another adjacent building block by the masonry mortar.

3. An interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vertical main groove (12), the secondary one/two/three grooves (22, 32, 42) and the main tenon (13), the secondary one/two tenons (23, 33) and the horizontal main tenon (14), the top one/two tenons (24, 43) and the main groove (15), the top one/two grooves (34, 44) are respectively of an integrally formed structure with the main brick body (11) and the secondary one/two/three brick bodies (21, 31, 41).

4. The interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main brick body (11) and the secondary one/two/three brick bodies (21, 31, 41) are respectively provided with two rows of heat insulation structures.

5. An interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block according to claim 1, wherein one of a main vertical groove (12), a secondary first/second/third vertical groove (22, 32, 42), a main tenon (13) and a secondary first/second tenon (23, 33) is arranged; two main horizontal tenons (14), two top tenons (24, 43), two main grooves (15) and two top grooves (34, 44) are arranged.

6. An interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block according to claim 1, wherein the vertical main groove (12), the secondary one/two/three grooves (22, 32, 42) and the main tenon (13) and the secondary one/two tenons (23, 33) are respectively symmetrical along the central line of the main building block (1) and the first/two/three secondary building blocks (2, 3, 4).

7. An interlocking anti-seismic environment-friendly energy-saving building block according to claim 1, wherein the center lines of the horizontal main tenon (14) and the horizontal main groove (15) are all from the corner point of the main brick body (11), inclined by 45 degrees and intersected at the midpoint of one side; the center lines of the top-tenon (24) and the top-groove (34) respectively start from the corner points of the secondary first brick body/second brick body (21, 31), are inclined by 45 degrees and are superposed with the diagonal lines; the central line of the second tenon (43) is inclined by 45 degrees from the corner point of the third brick body (41) and is intersected on the intersection point of one side; the central line of the top two grooves (44) starts from the intersection point, inclines by 45 degrees and intersects with the middle point of the other side edge, and two end points of the central line are not superposed with the corner points.

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