CN2156620Y - Energy-saving electronic speed-adjusting timer for ceiling fan - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power adjusting device for a ceiling fan. The device is composed of a main control part, a speed adjustment part, and a timing part. The utility model is characterized in that a main control unit comprises a rectifier, a voltage stabilizer, and controllable silicon. The main control unit is directly connected in series with a loop which is composed of an AC power supply and a load. Output power is adjusted by changing the on-off ratio of the controllable silicon in unit time to achieve the purpose of speed adjustment. The utility model can replace the existing speed adjusting device and solve the problems that the traditional speed adjusting device can not do stepless speed adjustment and timing, and an electronic speed adjusting device has the disadvantages of high-frequency interference and current attack and can not be incompatible with the traditional connection modes, etc. The utility model has the function of electricity saving, and can also be used for the power adjustment of an electric heater.

Description

Energy-saving electronic speed-adjusting timer for ceiling fan

The utility model relates to a kind of Power Conditioning Unit that can be used for the ceiling fan speed governing.

Existing speed regulator has two kinds, and a kind of is that electromechanical is seen Fig. 1, adopts the step-down of transformer tapping dividing potential drop to change the voltage that is added on the ceiling-fan motor M, to reach the purpose of speed regulation, is called reactance method.This method has following shortcoming.

1. waste is bigger, as the transformer of voltage divider most of electric energy is converted into heat energy and consumes in vain, and when speed was slow more, this consumption was big more.With 555DS series ceiling fan is example 1050-1400(MM) ceiling fan power is 52-80(W) on five grades of motors when fast, have only～110V voltage, all the other half promptly～110V voltage all falls on transformer, every of this consumption is at least more than 20W.

2. speed can not step-less adjustment, and deep low gear speed can't reduce when voltage raises again, and speed can not be transferred to gratifying degree.

3. volume is big and heavy, and inconvenience is fixing, and inconvenience adds additional functions such as timing remote control.

4. take a large amount of metal materials, as silicon steel sheet, copper cash etc.Then consume promptly 150,000 tons of steel 1.5 hundred million KG in each speed regulator with 300,000,000 the social recoverable amounts in the silicon steel sheet 0.5KG whole nation.Annual ceiling fan output also has more than 2,000 ten thousand, and only speed regulator consumption more than 1,000 ten thousand KG steel are promptly more than 10,000 ton.

5. just begin loose contact, bad use behind the rotation speed-regulating switch 2-3.

Another kind is an electronic governor, though solved some shortcomings of electromechanical speed regulator, but brought new problem, so far can not penetration and promotion.

1. though this method of phase shift method electron speed regulator (see figure 2) is simple, but because the control silicon controlled angle of flow, what make that ceiling-fan motor M obtains is the alternating voltage waveform of distortion, this waveform contains many harmonic componentss, (being high order harmonic component), produced High-frequency Interference, near (N is a natural number) this interference maximum in the time of thyristor operating angle is in (2N+1) 90 degree, this moment, ceiling-fan motor voltage was suddenlyd change to peak values of ac by OV, volt is at this moment to the electromechanical shock maximum more than 300, to shorten electrical machinery life greatly, and simultaneously AC network be brought bigger harm, also having a strong impact on broadcast receiver can't normally listen to.

2. this method of zero passage switch method electron speed regulator (see figure 3) has adopted the silicon control zero-cross testing circuit, can make ceiling-fan motor obtain complete AC wave shape, and eliminated High-frequency Interference but its cost increases greatly, and the mode of connection and electromechanical speed regulator are completely different, need four lead-out wires, and two connect AC power, two connect ceiling-fan motor, (if shared one of common port also needs three lines) AC power and load are parallel connection methods, can not be compatible with traditional speed regulator, can't promote the use of.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of cheap, the novel ceiling fan electron speed regulator of simple and feasible, it not only has stepless speed regulation, timing function, energy-conserving action, and this device main control unit directly is connected in the loop that AC power and load form, realized and the identical mode of connection of traditional electromechanical speed regulator, be convenient to promote the popularization use.

Its objective is such realization, AC power and load are connected in series in the input of main control unit, and by changing the make-to-break ratio of controllable silicon in the unit interval, change the cycle that is added to the unit interval on the ceiling-fan motor, directly changed ceiling-fan motor institute work, promptly reached the purpose of speed governing, it is regularly long-time that its timing function utilizes the pulse interval charging modes to realize.

Below in conjunction with Figure of description and instantiation the utility model is described in detail, this example is applicable to that the ceiling fan of all size does speed governing, is applicable to that also other electric heating appliances do temperature adjustment and use.

Fig. 1 is an electromechanical speed regulator schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is a phase shift method electron speed regulator schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is a zero passage switch method electron speed regulator schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is a ceiling fan energy-saving electronic speed regulation timer schematic diagram.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 all describe more than the prior art, be that the utility model embodiment makes a detailed description to Fig. 4 below, dotted portion is external ceiling-fan motor M and 220V alternating current among the figure, and entire circuit is divided into main control unit, the speed regulating control unit, timing control unit.

Main control unit is by mains switch K1, rectifier diode V1～V4(1N4005), current-limiting resistor voltage divider R1(24K2W), rectifier diode string V6～V15(1N4001 * 10), electrochemical capacitor C1(220U16V) etc. composition.

Narrate the main control unit operation principle below, civil power 220V one end is that ceiling-fan motor in this example is as follows by load M() insert the O end of this example main control unit, be connected with mains switch K1 then, insert the ac input end of bridge rectifier again, the civil power 220V other end then directly is connected in P with this example main control unit and holds, and then another ac input end of access bridge rectifier, rectifier diode V1～V4 forms bridge rectifier, the alternating current that the OP end is sent into becomes unidirectional Rectified alternating current, the output voltage of bridge rectifier charges to electrochemical capacitor C1 after resistance R 1 dividing potential drop current limliting, because the pressure stabilization function of diode string V6～V15, voltage control on the C1 is about direct current 7V, controllable silicon V22 is in parallel with resistance R 1, it is the output that the anode of controllable silicon V22 connects bridge rectifier, another output head grounding of bridge rectifier, the negative electrode of controllable silicon V22 and R1, diode string V6～V15, capacitor C 1 is connected in the B point, and the collector electrode of the triode V5 in the silicon controlled control utmost point and the speed setting controller is connected.

This example speed regulating control unit is by integrated package 1/2CC4011, triode V5(3D6201A), diode V16V17(1N4148 * 2), resistance R 2(7.5K), resistance R 3(30K), resistance R 4(10K), potentiometer R9(1M resistance R 5(510K)) composition such as.

Narrate the operation principle of speed regulating control unit below:

This speed regulating control unit comes down to a Power Regulation control circuit, be added to the ratio of cycle in total cycle on the load M during by the conducting of control controllable silicon, reach the purpose of Power Regulation (being speed governing), (load obtains) cycle that controllable silicon passes through in unit interval is many more, average voltage in the load is high more, power just big more (speed is just big more), as shown in the formula: the P=N/(N+M) cycle of PTN-conducting, the cycle of M-blocking-up, the power during conducting continuously in the PT unit interval.

For making the sinusoidal waveform that obtains on the load M complete, two NAND gate by integrated circuit CC4011, potentiometer R9, diode V16V17, resistance R 4R5, form oscillator 1 its frequency adjustment and export a control impuls near the voltage over zero of AC power the time, this control impuls is added to triode by resistance R 2, the base stage of V5, make the V5 conducting, because the collector electrode of V5 inserts the control utmost point of controllable silicon V22, when the V5 conducting, there is trigger current to pass through the control utmost point of V22, AC power is risen gradually by 0V at a time when this, voltage VA after the rectification also rises, make the V22 conducting very soon, in case controllable silicon V22 conducting, its voltage drop will be kept to about 2V, bridge rectifier output is charged to C1 by changing into by controllable silicon V22 by R1, make the voltage on the capacitor C 1 maintain 7V, at this moment total voltage is fallen and is about about 10V on the main control unit, and all the other voltages of 220V alternating current (about 210V) are high-fall on the load M, when next half cycle arrives, oscillator I exports a control impuls again, make controllable silicon V22 conducting once more, the load M half cycle voltage of getting back, adding up to upper half just in time is a sine wave, promptly a cycle so goes down, load has obtained the sinusoidal ac consistent with AC power, 50 cycles of per second, because M=0 does not promptly have the cycle of blocking-up, so P=PT, this moment the power maximum, that is to say ceiling fan speed maximum, if regulator potentiometer R9 promptly changes the output duty of ratio, make controllable silicon V22 conducting number of times reduce the cycle that a half load M obtains and reduce half thereupon, be that the actual power that obtains of 25 cycle N=25M=25 of per second substitution P=1/2PT load M is half of full power, be that speed reduces the purpose that half has reached Power Regulation (speed governing), near because controllable silicon V22 conducting and the ending voltage over zero of AC power, at this moment current changing rate minimum, both guaranteed that load obtained complete waveform, eliminated High-frequency Interference again greatly.

This example timing control unit is made up of oscillator 2 and charge-discharge circuit, two of integrated package CC4011 NAND gate wherein, resistance R 7(30K), R8(510K), potentiometer R10(510K), capacitor C 4(0.1M), diode V18 manages 9(1N4148 * 2) composition oscillator 2, charge-discharge circuit is by resistance R 6(390K) electrochemical capacitor C3(220M), diode V21(1N4148) and, voltage-stabiliser tube V20(5.5V0.25W) triode V23(3DG201A) composition such as timing switch K2.

Narrate the timing control unit operation principle below:

In the time of not timing, timing switch K2 beats on " 1 " position, and electrochemical capacitor C3 is by short circuit, not conducting of triode V23, and the F point is high electricity, but oscillator 1 operate as normal, promptly ceiling fan can normally move.

When timing switch K2 gets to " 2 " by " 1 ", timing switch, the pulse input that oscillator 2 produces.When the H point was high level, through 6 pairs of capacitor C of diode V21 resistance R 3 charging, H point stopped charging during for low level, and owing to diode V21 oppositely ends, C3 can back discharge, so the voltage on the C3 becomes the stairstepping increase.Regulator potentiometer R10 has promptly changed the speed that has also just changed charging after the frequency of oscillation, and promptly frequency is high more, charge rate high more (it is fast more to charge), and timing is just short more, instead goes up as the same.R6 is charging current limiter resistance and zero-time fixed value resistance, and diagram R6 is 390K, and initial timing is 15 minutes.

When voltage on the capacitor C 3 reaches the conducting voltage sum of the puncture voltage of voltage-stabiliser tube V20 and triode V23, about about 6V, triode V23 conducting (voltage-stabiliser tube V20 also punctures conducting) F point is a low level, oscillator 1 is made the D point be low level by lock, corresponding ending of triode V5 turn off thyristor V22, at this moment load M(ceiling-fan motor) quit work, regularly finish.

Description by above operation principle and circuit are formed can be summarized as follows the main feature that the utility model is compared with other prior aries:

1. two lead-out wires, the utility model externally has only two lead-out wires, one connects AC power, one meets load M(is ceiling-fan motor) be that AC power connects with load M that to insert the method for attachment of the main control unit of this example and electromechanical speed regulator outer lead in full accord in the back, can replace penetration and promotion mutually, and must not do any change, solve the unsolved so far wiring problem of electron speed regulator.

2. realized stepless speed regulation, can change ceiling-fan motor speed owing to change the frequency F1 of oscillator I, can change frequency F1 and change potentiometer R9, and then change potentiometer R9 can be more carefully, seamlessly regulate the speed of ceiling-fan motor, can solve the insurmountable problem of electromechanical speed regulator from the static maximal rate that transfers to.

3. because connecting with load, AC power afterwards inserts the bridge rectifier input of main control unit, and connect with the output and the pressure stabilization filter of bridge rectifier again after current-limiting resistor voltage divider R1 and the one-way SCR parallel connection, constituted a closed-loop path like this, and AC power, load and main control unit connect and work with series system entirely.

4. because the resistance R 1 of main control unit is in parallel with controllable silicon V22, and when not conducting of V22, rectifier charges to C1 by R1, at this moment R1 plays the current-limiting resistance effect of pressurizer, when also wanting dividing potential drop V22 conducting simultaneously, charges to C1 by V22.At this moment most of voltage drop has not needed the dividing potential drop current limliting again on load M, the dividing potential drop metering function has been played in load in other words.

5. because the high-power voltage-stabiliser tube cost of 7V1A is too high, realize difficulty, this example has adopted the rectifier diode of 10 1A50V to realize the high-power voltage stabilizing requirement of 7V1A.

6. solved High-frequency Interference and current impact, changed and to be added to that the cycle in the unit interval reaches Power Regulation (speed governing) purpose on the ceiling-fan motor.

7. have timing function, adopt pulse interval formula charging modes to realize also having the economize on electricity effect, when ceiling fan is the slowest (static), speed regulator power consumption maximum in this moment this example, only 3.75 watts, much smaller than the electromechanical speed regulator.

Except that above characteristics the utility model if can national penetration and promotion only be used for the ceiling fan speed governing this, at least save 1 kilowatt-hour every year with every speed regulator, then 300,000,000 ceiling fans in the whole nation can economize on electricity 300,000,000 kilowatt-hours, and annual newly-increased more than 2,000 ten thousand ceiling fans can economize on electricity again more than 2,000 ten thousand kilowatts hours.

Since the utility model be a product according to above characteristics, should manufacture as follows in line with the principle of economical rationality:

1. this product should have shell, and the most handy injection mould processing of its shell requires case surface fineness to get well, face and base before shell should be divided into.

2. two potentiometers should be selected linear sliding potentiometer for use, and two switches are selected the push-button switch of band self-locking for use, if can adopt the potentiometer of two belt switches then better.

3. two potentiometers, two switches should be contained in before the shell on the face, and the surface is sticked pressure-sensitive adhesive trade mark board or aluminium label again.

4. all components and parts all are contained in the printed board, and printed board is clipped in before the shell between the face and rear base, with self-tapping screw by after fixing forward.

5. shell is except that making plain edition, and it is luxury etc. also can to make decoration type.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of ceiling fan speed governing Power Conditioning Unit regularly that can be used for, include main control unit, speed regulating control unit, connecting line, shell, printed board, it is characterized in that main control unit includes bridge rectifier, pressurizer, one-way SCR, current-limiting resistor voltage divider, and main control unit is connected on directly in the loop that AC power and load form.

2, by the device of claim 1 defined, the output voltage that it is characterized in that pressurizer is direct current 5V～9V.

3, by the device of claim 1 defined, it is characterized in that pressurizer adopts the rectifier diode more than six to be in series, and in parallel with filter.

4, by the device of claim 1 defined, it is characterized in that current-limiting resistor voltage divider is earlier in parallel with one-way SCR, connect with bridge rectifier and pressure stabilization filter again.

5, by the device of claim 1 defined, it is characterized in that the input of bridge rectifier connects with AC power and load, output and controllable silicon, pressure stabilization filter is connected.

6, by the device of claim 1 defined, the collector electrode of the output triode in the control utmost point that it is characterized in that one-way SCR and the speed regulating control unit is connected.

7, a kind of Power Conditioning Unit that can be used for the ceiling fan speed governing is characterized in that timing control unit includes pulse oscillator, the ladder charging circuit.

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