CN2125890U - Induction motor speed governing device for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Induction motor speed governing device for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN2125890U CN2125890U CN 92215070 CN92215070U CN2125890U CN 2125890 U CN2125890 U CN 2125890U CN 92215070 CN92215070 CN 92215070 CN 92215070 U CN92215070 U CN 92215070U CN 2125890 U CN2125890 U CN 2125890U
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- inverter
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a variable-frequency speed adjusting device for an induction motor for an electric vehicle. A direct current which is directly provided by an accumulator cell (1) is converted into three-phase alternating currents to drive the motor (3). The utility model also comprises a monitoring circuit (7) which can make the output current of an inverter (5) can be limited in a preset range by automatically reducing output frequencies, a rotational speed sensor for the motor (4), and a speed measuring and judging circuit (9). When the actual rotational speed of the motor (3) is higher than the synchronous rotational speed of the motor (3) which is corresponding to inversing output frequencies, the inverter (5) can be made to stop outputting in order to avoid the braking action of the device to the motor (3).
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of motor speed control device, the motor speed control device that the motor-car of especially powering uses.
Electric motor car provides power with DC motor usually, because DC motor is all not ideal enough at aspects such as efficient, life-spans, makes this class electric motor car energy utilization rate low, and the life of storage battery is short.The motor frequency change speed regulating device of pulse modulation technology have appearred adopting in recent years.It can replace DC motor with the comparatively superior induction motor of performance." the electric world " the 9th phase in 1989 " rotation of asynchronous motor static frequency-conversion " literary composition has been done more detailed introduction to above-mentioned RHVC.
At present, such device generally all is applied to the production scene, the AC power that working voltage is fixing, and its course of work is: change alternating current into direct current by rectification earlier, be reverse into needed alternating current again with drive motor.And existing device requires to satisfy the production scene the control mode of motor, as will use existing device in electric motor car, except having the different problem of power mode and voltage, also should consider following three problems:
First problem is: the overload capacity of power supply when existing device is not generally considered electromotor overload, and the permission motor has to a certain degree or the overcurrent of certain hour.Concerning electric motor car, if often being in the overload discharge condition, storage battery battery efficiency is reduced and the infringement storage battery, particularly this point is more outstanding when starting, acceleration or upward slope.The overcurrent operating state also makes motor efficiency reduce.And electric motor car is wished that utilization rate of electrical is high as far as possible, and is prolonged the life of storage battery as far as possible because electric energy is limited.
Second problem is: when the serious overcurrent of motor, the general protected mode that stops to export that adopts of existing device is handled.And concerning electric motor car, when not requiring deceleration, stop motor being powered even may be caused danger.
The 3rd problem is: when requiring motor deceleration or driving the motor rotation by load, in a single day the pairing motor synchronous speed of inverter output frequency of existing device is lower than the actual speed of motor, and electric energy will consume in the braking to motor.Electric motor car is then wished to make full use of inertia traveling when slowing down and energy-conservation.
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of induction machine RHVC of suitable electric motor car requirement, and it can solve the above problems, and keeps higher utilization rate of electrical and protects storage battery reliably satisfying under the prerequisite that electric motor car requires power performance.
Solution of the present utility model is: the dc inverter that RHVC directly provides storage battery becomes three-phase alternating current, loses electric energy to avoid using the dc voltage conversion link between storage battery and inverter.The three-phase alternating current rated voltage that inversion produces can be determined according to the storage battery rated voltage, and be lower than the storage battery rated voltage; This device can prevent the motor overcurrent by automatic reduction output frequency and output voltage, makes it to keep high efficiency running and protection storage battery; Can when taking place, stop inversion output apace automatically to the motor brake phenomenon.
These speed regulating device by inverter, inverter control circuit, V-CLK, supervisory circuit, test the speed and decision circuitry and motor speed transducer are formed.Wherein, inverter is used to produce three-phase alternating current; V-CLK is used for clocking makes the coordinated operation of entire circuit device, and the frequency of this clock signal has determined the output frequency and the output voltage of inverter; Inverter control circuit is used for inverter is carried out phase sequence control and pulse-width modulation to finish inversion, and it is subjected to V-CLK and controls.
The effect of supervisory circuit is the restriction output current and keeps the motor high-efficiency operation.It is connected with V-CLK and inverter respectively, constitutes a closed control loop together with inverter control circuit.Detect the electric current that flows through the inverter DC loop by this supervisory circuit, when electric current surpasses certain predetermined value, send control signal inverter output frequency and output voltage are reduced, thereby make in the scope that the inverter output current is limited in being scheduled to.
Test the speed and the effect of comparison circuit is to eliminate the braking action of circuit arrangement to motor, it is connected with motor speed transducer and inverter control circuit, respectively motor speed and inverter output frequency is detected.When motor speed is higher than the pairing motor synchronous speed of inverter output frequency, sends control signal to inverter control circuit and make inverter stop output.
Above-mentioned V-CLK can be made of a controllable oscillatory.Supervisory circuit can be made up of current sampling element and a comparator of being connected in the inverter DC loop.The current sampling signal that comparator will be sent by sampling element and a predetermined value relatively, when current sampling signal during greater than this predetermined value, comparator sends control signal descends the frequency of oscillation of controlled oscillator.
Can send the pulse signal that frequency is directly proportional with motor speed by above-mentioned motor speed transducer.Test the speed and decision circuitry can form by two frequency and a voltage comparator.These two transducers are output and motor speed or inverter output frequency corresponding voltage signal respectively, compare by the size of voltage comparator two voltage signals, when the former during greater than the latter, voltage comparator sends the control signal that stops to export to inverter control circuit.
Can adopt high-power field-effect transistor as the inverter output stage transistor, advantage such as it is fast that this class component has switching speed, and required exciting power is little, the inverter efficiency that is used for constituting is higher.Because the relative electrical network of voltage of storage battery is generally lower, also much stable than the voltage of the DC link in the existing device, therefore can satisfy under the preceding topic of requirement of withstand voltage, adopt this lower transistorlike of drain-source breakdown voltage, the loss that the drain-source on state resistance is caused is as far as possible little as far as possible.
By the electric vehicle speed-regulating device that above solution constituted, owing to avoid between storage battery and inverter, using the dc voltage conversion link, and can limit output current and make motor keep the high efficiency running, and can eliminate braking action, electric energy is fully used motor.Compare with the DC motor type of drive, prolonged the once charging continual mileage of electric motor car effectively, also protected storage battery reliably.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and an embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of a phase of inverter in Fig. 1 embodiment speed regulating device.
Fig. 3 is V-CLK circuit theory diagrams in Fig. 1 embodiment speed regulating device.
Fig. 4 is a supervisory circuit schematic diagram in Fig. 1 embodiment speed regulating device.
Fig. 5 tests the speed and the decision circuitry schematic diagram in Fig. 1 embodiment speed regulating device.
These embodiment speed regulating device are used for a kind of mini electric vehicle.It by the speed probe in the circuit block diagram shown in Figure 1 (4), three-phase inverter (5), inverter control circuit (6), supervisory circuit (7), V-CLK (8), test the speed and decision circuitry (9), operating unit (10), Switching Power Supply (11) are formed.Storage battery (1) provides direct current through mains switch (2) to speed regulating device, this device output three-phase alternating current electric drive motor (3).Driver (21) controls by operating unit (10) that motor (3) starts, stops, acceleration and deceleration.
The rated operational voltage of the rated voltage of speed regulating device output AC electricity and motor (3) is 60% of storage battery (1) rated voltage.Motor (3) is common phase asynchronous induction motor.
The circuit theory of three-phase inverter (5) as shown in Figure 2.In full accord because of the circuit of three phases, Fig. 2 only illustrates a wherein phase.Because storage battery (1) voltage ratio is lower, wherein the VMOS high-power FET of low drain-source breakdown voltage is adopted in output stage transistor (12), (13), and the loss that tube voltage drop causes is very little.
Inverter control circuit (6) provides two tunnel control signals mutually and keeps that phase difference equals 120 ° between each phase control signal to each of inverter (5).This signal makes the conducting and efferent duct (12), (13) are carried out pulse-width modulation in turn of each P raceway groove efferent duct (12) in mutually or N raceway groove efferent duct (13).This control circuit (6) mainly is made up of a frequency control specialized large scale integrated circuit and pulse amplifier and special-purpose adjunct circuit.This application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) has a FCT input control end, is used for importing the clock signal of V-CLK (8) generation with the control output frequency.Voltage clock signal that special-purpose frequency of adjunct circuit generation and clock frequency are inversely proportional to and the VCT input control end of importing application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) are with the voltage of control output AC electricity.The three-phase alternating current corrugating near sinusoidal ripple that this control circuit (6) is exported inverter (5), and can make the output voltage and the ratio of output frequency equal constant, keep the permanent torque running of motor (3).Can also in a low-frequency range, suitably improve the ratio of output voltage and output frequency, to increase the torque of motor (3).Above-mentioned application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) also has a L control end, is used to stop inversion output.In addition, control circuit (6) also sends a frequency signal corresponding with inverter output frequency.
The circuit theory of supervisory circuit (7) as shown in Figure 4, it is connected on a current sampling resistor (14) in inverter (5) DC loop and a voltage comparator (17) and a RC link by three and forms.The change in voltage at each sample resistance (14) two ends is directly expressed the half period of inverter (5) one phase output current waves.The sampling voltage of three phases all is added to the in-phase input end of comparator (17), obtains the total current waveform of DC loop at this input.When voltage that the signal voltage of comparator (17) in-phase input end presets greater than its inverting input, comparator (17) puts 1, and the voltage of being exported is added to the voltage-controlled input of V-CLK (8) through RC link and diode, and clock frequency is reduced.
Operating unit (10) is formed by manual rheostat (16) and a switch of driver (21) control by one.The circuit theory of V-CLK (8) is made of an integrated voltage controlled oscillator as shown in Figure 3, and its frequency of oscillation and voltage-controlled input institute making alive are inversely proportional to.The voltage of this voltage-controlled input is except that being subjected to above-mentioned supervisory circuit (7) control, also be subjected to the control of above-mentioned manual rheostat (16), in addition, the switch in driver's enough operating units of energy (10) is controlled special-purpose integrated circuit L control end in the above-mentioned control circuit (6), stops inversion output.
Motor speed transducer (4) is formed by motor drives rotation and be in the light dish and a photoelectric probe of having some breach equably by one.The position of photoelectric probe alignment notch process, breach of every appearance, photoelectric probe is just exported a pulse signal.So the frequency of photoelectric probe output pulse signal is directly proportional with motor speed.
Test the speed and the circuit theory of decision circuitry (9) as shown in Figure 5, it is made up of two identical linear frequency/electric pressure converters (18), (19) and a voltage comparator (20).One of them transducer (18) is accepted the pulse signal from motor speed transducer (4), and another transducer (19) is accepted the frequency signal corresponding with inverter output frequency from inverter control circuit (6).When the rotating speed of motor (3) equated with the pairing motor synchronous speed of inverter output frequency, the voltage that these two transducers (18), (19) are exported also equated.When motor (3) rotating speed is higher relatively, transducer (18) output voltage is greater than transducer (19) output voltage, make comparator (20) upset, its output signal is also delivered to special-purpose integrated circuit L control end in the above-mentioned control circuit (6), makes inverter (5) stop output immediately.
Switching Power Supply (11) provides low-voltage dc power supply to the entire circuit device, and characteristics are that efficient is higher.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of electric motor car induction motor RHVC, be used for changing the direct current that storage battery [1] provides into three-phase alternating current with driven induction motor [3], this device comprises: inverter [5], and it is between DC power supply [1] and the motor [3], is used to produce three-phase alternating current; V-CLK [8] is used to produce the clock signal that makes whole device coordinated operation, and the frequency of this clock signal has determined inverter [5] output frequency; Inverter control circuit [6], it is between V-CLK [8] and the inverter [5], is used for inverter [5] is carried out phase sequence control and pulse-width modulation; Supervisory circuit [7] is used for more operating parameters are carried out monitoring, it is characterized in that:
Inverter [5] directly becomes three-phase alternating current with the dc inverter that storage battery [1] provides, and its rated output voltage is lower than storage battery [1] rated voltage;
Supervisory circuit [7] is connected with V-CLK [8] and inverter [5], constitute closed control loop together with inverter control circuit [6], when the electric current that flows through inverter [5] DC loop surpasses predetermined value, supervisory circuit [7] is sent signal reduces inverter [5] output frequency and output voltage, in the confined predetermined scope of electric current that guarantees inverter [5] output;
Also comprise motor speed transducer [4] in this device and test the speed and decision circuitry [9], this circuit [9] is connected with transducer [4] and inverter control circuit [6], respectively motor [3] rotating speed and inverter [5] output frequency are detected, when motor [3] actual speed is higher than the pairing motor of inverter [5] output frequency [3] synchronous speed, sends signal and stop inverter [5] output apace.
2, speed regulating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: V-CLK (8) is made of controlled oscillator (15), supervisory circuit (7) comprises a current sampling element (14) and a comparator (17) that is connected in inverter (5) DC loop, comparator (17) with current sampling signal and predetermined value relatively, when current sampling signal during greater than this predetermined value comparator (17) send control signal the frequency of oscillation of controlled oscillator (15) descended.
3, speed regulating device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: this controlled oscillator (15) is a voltage controlled oscillator.
4, speed regulating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pulse signal frequency that motor speed commentaries on classics sensor (4) sends is directly proportional with motor (3) rotating speed, test the speed and decision circuitry (9) by two frequency (18), (19) and a voltage comparator (20) form, these two transducers (18), (19) output and motor (3) rotating speed or inverter (5) output frequency corresponding voltage signal respectively, compare by the size of comparator (20) these two voltage signals, when the former during greater than the latter, send the signal that stops inverter (5) output to inverter control circuit (6).
5, speed regulating device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when storage battery (1) rated voltage is low, and inverter (5) output stage transistor (12), the lower high-power field-effect transistor of (13) corresponding employing drain-source breakdown voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92215070 CN2125890U (en) | 1992-01-21 | 1992-01-21 | Induction motor speed governing device for electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92215070 CN2125890U (en) | 1992-01-21 | 1992-01-21 | Induction motor speed governing device for electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2125890U true CN2125890U (en) | 1992-12-23 |
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ID=4959519
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92215070 Granted CN2125890U (en) | 1992-01-21 | 1992-01-21 | Induction motor speed governing device for electric vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2125890U (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1967995B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2010-05-19 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Electrically powered vehicle mounting electric motor and control method therefor |
| CN101924517A (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-22 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | DC-to-AC converter |
| WO2011018034A1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-17 | 浙江中盈房地产开发有限公司 | Variable-frequency separate-power high-speed vehicle |
| CN101570144B (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2012-11-28 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Control apparatus for electric railcar |
| CN101774354B (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2012-12-19 | 深圳市库马克新技术股份有限公司 | Speed-regulating control device for underground coal mine storage battery vehicle |
| CN104924884A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-23 | 强晓银 | Electric car electric driving system device |
-
1992
- 1992-01-21 CN CN 92215070 patent/CN2125890U/en active Granted
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101570144B (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2012-11-28 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Control apparatus for electric railcar |
| CN1967995B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2010-05-19 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Electrically powered vehicle mounting electric motor and control method therefor |
| CN101924517A (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-22 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | DC-to-AC converter |
| CN101924517B (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2013-04-17 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Inverter device |
| WO2011018034A1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-17 | 浙江中盈房地产开发有限公司 | Variable-frequency separate-power high-speed vehicle |
| CN101774354B (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2012-12-19 | 深圳市库马克新技术股份有限公司 | Speed-regulating control device for underground coal mine storage battery vehicle |
| CN104924884A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-23 | 强晓银 | Electric car electric driving system device |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |