CN215644984U - Broadband high-gain antenna structure and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Broadband high-gain antenna structure and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN215644984U CN215644984U CN202121224665.2U CN202121224665U CN215644984U CN 215644984 U CN215644984 U CN 215644984U CN 202121224665 U CN202121224665 U CN 202121224665U CN 215644984 U CN215644984 U CN 215644984U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a broadband high-gain antenna structure and electronic equipment, which comprise a dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator and a radiating body, wherein the dielectric resonator and the radiating body are arranged on the dielectric substrate; the main mode of the working mode of the dielectric resonator is the same as the working mode of the radiator; the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator is different from the resonant frequency of the radiator. The utility model can improve the gain of the dielectric resonator antenna and increase the bandwidth.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a broadband high-gain antenna structure and electronic equipment.
Background
5G is the focus of research and development in the world, and 5G standard has become common in the industry by developing 5G technology. The international telecommunications union ITU identified three major application scenarios for 5G at ITU-RWP5D meeting No. 22 held 6 months 2015: enhanced mobile broadband, large-scale machine communication, high-reliability and low-delay communication. The 3 application scenes correspond to different key indexes respectively, wherein the peak speed of a user in the enhanced mobile bandwidth scene is 20Gbps, and the lowest user experience rate is 100 Mbps. The unique high carrier frequency and large bandwidth characteristics of millimeter waves are the main means for realizing 5G ultrahigh data transmission rate.
The dielectric resonator has the advantages of low loss, high radiation efficiency and the like; meanwhile, the antenna is made of a dielectric material with a high dielectric constant, and has the advantage of small structural size when the working frequency is low; and, DRA (dielectric resonator antenna) is a three-dimensional structure, and the design is more flexible than the traditional antenna. However, when a DRA operates in a single mode (higher order mode), its relative bandwidth is typically relatively small, and thus it is desirable to increase the bandwidth without losing gain.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is as follows: a broadband high-gain antenna structure and an electronic device are provided, which can increase the gain of a dielectric resonator antenna and increase the bandwidth.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that: a broadband high-gain antenna structure comprises a dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator and a radiating body, wherein the dielectric resonator and the radiating body are arranged on the dielectric substrate, the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiating body is annular; the main mode of the working mode of the dielectric resonator is the same as the working mode of the radiator; the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator is different from the resonant frequency of the radiator.
Further, the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator and the resonant frequency of the radiator differ by 1 GHz.
Further, the inner circle radius and the outer circle radius of the radiator are determined according to a first formula and a second formula,
the first formula is
The second formula is
f12Is the resonant frequency of the radiator, a is the inner circle radius of the radiator, b is the outer circle radius of the radiator, c is the speed of light, X12DK is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, N1As Bessel function of the first kind, J1Is a Bessel function of the second kind.
Further, the dielectric resonator is located in an inner circle of a circular-ring-shaped radiator, and the dielectric resonator is concentric with the radiator.
Further, the dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric layer, a ground layer and a second dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked, and the dielectric resonator and the radiator are arranged on the first dielectric layer; and a feed gap is arranged on the grounding layer, and the projection of the dielectric resonator on the grounding layer covers the feed gap.
The microstrip line is arranged on one surface of the second medium layer far away from the ground layer, and the microstrip line is coupled with the feed gap.
Further, the projection of the microstrip line on the ground layer is perpendicularly intersected with the feed gap.
Further, the working mode of the dielectric resonator is HEM12Mode, main mode being TM12Mode, the working mode of the radiator is TM12Mode(s).
Further, the radiator is a radiation patch.
The utility model also proposes an electronic device comprising a broadband high-gain antenna structure as described above.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the cylindrical dielectric resonator can excite a higher-order mode, so that the antenna gain can be improved; by loading the radiator with the working mode same as the main mode of the dielectric resonator, the main mode of the dielectric resonator can be further enhanced, so that the gain is further improved; meanwhile, the resonance frequency of the loaded radiator is different from that of the dielectric resonator, so that the bandwidth can be increased; by adopting the annular radiator, the working mode which is the same as the main mode of the dielectric resonator can be excited without complex excitation conditions, and the annular radiator has small volume and low cost. The utility model can improve the gain of the high-order mode dielectric resonator antenna and increase the bandwidth at the same time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wideband high-gain antenna structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a wideband high-gain antenna structure according to a first embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 3 is a bottom view of a wideband high-gain antenna structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the electric field distribution at the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28 GHz;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the electric field distribution at the ZOX plane for a dielectric resonator at 28 GHz;
FIG. 6 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28 GHz;
fig. 7 is an electric field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the radiator;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of an antenna structure before and after loading a microstrip antenna;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of gain curves of the antenna structure before and after loading the microstrip antenna.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a dielectric substrate; 2. a dielectric resonator; 3. a radiator; 4. a microstrip line;
11. a first dielectric layer; 12. a ground plane; 13. a second dielectric layer;
121. a feed slot.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a broadband high-gain antenna structure includes a dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator and a radiator, where the dielectric resonator and the radiator are disposed on the dielectric substrate, the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiator is circular; the main mode of the working mode of the dielectric resonator is the same as the working mode of the radiator; the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator is different from the resonant frequency of the radiator.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the gain of the dielectric resonator antenna can be improved while increasing the bandwidth.
Further, the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator and the resonant frequency of the radiator differ by 1 GHz.
As can be seen from the above description, the resonant frequency of the radiator is adjacent to the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator, which is beneficial to increasing the bandwidth.
Further, the inner circle radius and the outer circle radius of the radiator are determined according to a first formula and a second formula,
the first formula is
The second formula is
f12Is the resonant frequency of the radiator, a is the inner circle radius of the radiator, b is the outer circle radius of the radiator, c is the speed of light, X12DK is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, N1As Bessel function of the first kind, J1Is a Bessel function of the second kind.
As can be seen from the above description, the size of the radiator is determined mainly according to its resonant frequency and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate.
Further, the dielectric resonator is located in an inner circle of a circular-ring-shaped radiator, and the dielectric resonator is concentric with the radiator.
Further, the dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric layer, a ground layer and a second dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked, and the dielectric resonator and the radiator are arranged on the first dielectric layer; and a feed gap is arranged on the grounding layer, and the projection of the dielectric resonator on the grounding layer covers the feed gap.
The microstrip line is arranged on one surface of the second medium layer far away from the ground layer, and the microstrip line is coupled with the feed gap.
Further, the projection of the microstrip line on the ground layer is perpendicularly intersected with the feed gap.
As can be seen from the above description, the dielectric resonator and the radiator are simultaneously fed by slot coupling feeding.
Further, the working mode of the dielectric resonator is HEM12Mode, main mode being TM12Mode, the working mode of the radiator is TM12Mode(s).
Further, the radiator is a radiation patch.
As can be seen from the above description, with the radiation patch, the antenna volume can be reduced.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a first embodiment of the present invention is: a broadband high-gain antenna structure can be applied to a 5G millimeter wave terminal.
As shown in fig. 1, the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a dielectric resonator 2 and a radiator 3, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 comprises a first dielectric layer 11, a ground layer 12 and a second dielectric layer 13 which are sequentially stacked, and the dielectric resonator 2 and the radiator 3 are arranged on the first dielectric layer 11. The dielectric resonator is cylindrical, the radiating body is annular, the dielectric resonator is located in the inner circle of the radiating body, the dielectric resonator and the radiating body are concentric, and namely the center of the radiating body is located on the axis of the dielectric resonator. Preferably, the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator has a radius of 3mm, a height of 3mm and a dielectric constant of 21. The radiator is a radiation patch, namely a circular radiation patch.
As shown in fig. 2, a feed slot 121 is provided on the ground layer, and the projection of the dielectric resonator 2 on the ground layer covers the feed slot 121. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna further includes a microstrip line 4, the microstrip line 4 is disposed on a surface of the second dielectric layer 13 away from the ground plane, and the microstrip line 4 is coupled to the feed slot 121. Specifically, the projection of the microstrip line on the ground plane perpendicularly intersects the feed slot.
That is to say, in this embodiment, the dielectric resonator and the radiator are simultaneously fed by slot coupling feeding, which is equivalent to loading the annular microstrip antenna on the basis of the dielectric resonator antenna, that is, the annular radiator in this embodiment is a radiator in the annular microstrip antenna.
Fig. 1 to 3 are only schematic diagrams, and the diameter of the inner circle of the radiator does not necessarily coincide with the diameter of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator.
Further, the main mode of the operating mode of the dielectric resonator is the same as the operating mode of the radiator, and the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator is different from the resonant frequency of the radiator. Preferably, the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator differs from the resonant frequency of the radiator by 1GHz, i.e. the resonant frequencies of the two antennas are adjacent.
For a general higher order mode cylinder DRA (dielectric resonator antenna) to increase both gain and bandwidth, externally loading the same mode radiator is the simplest choice. For example, in the present embodiment, a cylindrical dielectric resonator is usedWork on HEM12Mode (HEM)12≈TM12+TE11I.e. HEM12Mode is TM12And TE11Mixed mode of (1), wherein TM12Dominant, i.e. TM, mode12Mode), the radiator operates at TM12Mode(s). I.e. TM in the main mode12Loading a Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) of a mode with a same TM12Radiated antenna, will further enhance TM of DRA12Mode, and hence DRA gain, will be increased; also, because the antenna resonant frequency of the introduced TM radiation is adjacent to the DRA resonant frequency, the bandwidth is also increased.
In this embodiment, TM12The mode radiation antenna adopts a ring microstrip antenna, and has the advantages of small size, low cost and the like because the size of the antenna can be calculated by an analytical expression. Other types of microstrip antennas generally require complex excitation conditions to excite TM12Mode(s). Of course, some of the main modes can be TM12The waveguide antenna (horn antenna) or the dielectric resonator antenna of (1), but the loaded antennas have large volumes.
The inner circle radius and the outer circle radius of a radiator of the annular microstrip antenna are determined according to a first formula and a second formula.
The first formula:
the second formula:
wherein f is12Is the resonant frequency of the radiator, a is the inner circle radius of the radiator, b is the outer circle radius of the radiator, c is the speed of light, X12Is a constant (a known constant obtainable by consulting books and literature), DK is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, N1As Bessel function of the first kind, J1Is a Bessel function of the second kind.
That is, the size of the radiator is determined mainly according to its resonant frequency and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate.
FIGS. 4-6 show mode diagrams HEM of a dielectric resonator at 28GHz12Fig. 4 is an electric field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28GHz, fig. 5 is an electric field distribution diagram of the ZOX plane of the dielectric resonator at 28GHz, and fig. 6 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28 GHz. For the coordinate axis directions in fig. 4-6, the bottom surface of the cylindrical dielectric resonator is parallel to the XOY plane, and the height direction is parallel to the Z-axis direction.
FIG. 7 shows a TM of a ring radiator12Mode diagrams, which are electric field distribution diagrams of electromagnetic cross sections (XOY plane) of the radiator, can be referred to fig. 4 to 6 in the coordinate axis directions in fig. 7. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 7, the electric field distribution of the radiator coincides with that of the dielectric resonator, thereby enhancing radiation.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of the antenna structure before and after loading the annular microstrip antenna, and it can be seen from the diagram that the antenna structure before loading the annular microstrip antenna only covers 27.5-28.5GHz, and the antenna structure after loading the annular microstrip antenna can cover 26.5-29GHz, increasing the bandwidth.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a gain curve of the antenna structure before and after loading the loop microstrip antenna, and it can be seen from the figure that the antenna gain is increased by more than 1dBi after loading the loop microstrip antenna.
The embodiment can increase the gain and the bandwidth of the high-order mode dielectric resonator antenna at the same time, has small volume and low cost, and can be expanded to the cylinder dielectric resonator antenna in any mode.
In summary, according to the broadband high-gain antenna structure and the electronic device provided by the utility model, the dielectric resonator and the radiator are fed simultaneously in a slot coupling feeding manner, and the cylindrical dielectric resonator is excited by the feeding slot to excite a high-order mode, so that the antenna gain is improved; by loading the radiator with the working mode same as the main mode of the dielectric resonator, the main mode of the dielectric resonator can be further enhanced, so that the gain is further improved; meanwhile, the resonance frequency of the loaded radiator is different from that of the dielectric resonator, so that the bandwidth can be increased; by adopting the annular radiator, the working mode which is the same as the main mode of the dielectric resonator can be excited without complex excitation conditions, and the annular radiator has small volume and low cost. The utility model can increase gain and bandwidth of the high-order mode dielectric resonator antenna, has small volume and low cost, and can be expanded to the cylinder dielectric resonator antenna in any mode.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband high-gain antenna structure is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator and a radiating body, wherein the dielectric resonator and the radiating body are arranged on the dielectric substrate, the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiating body is annular; the main mode of the working mode of the dielectric resonator is the same as the working mode of the radiator; the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator is different from the resonant frequency of the radiator.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator differs from the resonant frequency of the radiator by 1 GHz.
3. The broadband high gain antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the inner circle radius and the outer circle radius of the radiator are determined according to a first formula and a second formula,
the first formula is
The second formula is
f12Is the resonant frequency of the radiator, a is the inner circle radius of the radiator, b is the outer circle radius of the radiator, c is the speed of light, X12DK is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, N1As Bessel function of the first kind, J1Is a Bessel function of the second kind.
4. A broadband high gain antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric resonator is located in the inner circle of a circular ring shaped radiator and the dielectric resonator is concentric with the radiator.
5. The broadband high-gain antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate includes a first dielectric layer, a ground layer, and a second dielectric layer stacked in this order, and the dielectric resonator and the radiator are disposed on the first dielectric layer; and a feed gap is arranged on the grounding layer, and the projection of the dielectric resonator on the grounding layer covers the feed gap.
6. The structure of claim 5, further comprising a microstrip line disposed on a surface of the second dielectric layer away from the ground plane, the microstrip line being coupled to the feed slot.
7. The broadband high-gain antenna structure according to claim 6, wherein a projection of the microstrip line on the ground plane perpendicularly intersects the feed slot.
8. The wideband high gain antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the mode of operation of the dielectric resonator is HEM12Mode, main mode being TM12Mode, the working mode of the radiator is TM12Mode(s).
9. The wideband high gain antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the radiator is a radiating patch.
10. An electronic device comprising a broadband high gain antenna structure according to any of claims 1-9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202121224665.2U CN215644984U (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Broadband high-gain antenna structure and electronic equipment |
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| CN202121224665.2U CN215644984U (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Broadband high-gain antenna structure and electronic equipment |
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| CN215644984U true CN215644984U (en) | 2022-01-25 |
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