CN215627674U - Kitchen waste fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

A kitchen waste fermentation device, which comprises a biochemical reactor, a heater, a stirrer and a microbial inoculum with a deodorization function, the condenser, the electrolytic water oxygenerator hydrogen manufacturing device, water storage A pond and water storage B pond, inside the microbial inoculum was put into biochemical reactor from the top feed inlet, the inside top in biochemical reactor was located to the condenser, the condenser is water circulative cooling device, the delivery port of cooling water and a water piping connection in water storage A pond, the water inlet of cooling water and the play water piping connection in water storage A pond, the comdenstion water that the condenser produced goes out water, divide two tunnel discharges, advance water piping connection with another of water storage A pond all the way, another way advances water piping connection with water storage B pond, the delivery port and the biochemical reactor top fluid infusion mouth pipe connection in water storage B pond, the electrolytic water oxygenerator goes out the hydrogen mouth and is connected with the air inlet pipe in water storage B pond, go out the oxygen mouth and be connected with biochemical reactor top air inlet pipe. The device has the advantages of short treatment period, convenient operation, integrated operation and the like.

Description

Kitchen waste fermentation device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a kitchen waste fermentation device.

Background

The kitchen waste is high-fat, high-protein, high-starch, high-fiber and high-salt waste which is mainly organic matters and is easy to acidify and decay, and the quantity of the kitchen waste accounts for 50% -60% of that of the urban waste, so that an urgent need exists for finding an effective way for recycling the kitchen waste. Common treatment methods are: the method comprises the steps of biogas production, landfill, incineration, aerobic composting, feed treatment, culture medium serving as bait organisms, aerobic or anaerobic high-temperature fermentation by utilizing a biochemical reactor and the like, but the treatment methods have the common defects of high investment cost, sewage or odor emission in the treatment process, high energy consumption, poor operability, low resource utilization rate of kitchen waste and the like, and the treatment methods are balanced in profit and loss and cannot realize virtuous circle.

The process flow of using the biochemical reactor to ferment the kitchen waste comprises the steps of collecting the kitchen waste, crushing the kitchen waste, rinsing, extruding, dehydrating, degreasing, desalting, separating oil from water, discharging separated sewage into a sewer, putting the kitchen waste after pretreatment into the reactor, adding a microbial inoculum, adding auxiliary materials to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio, starting a heater, a blower and a stirrer to ferment, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 60-70 ℃, purifying by an odor discharge and treatment device, fermenting for 48-96 hours, discharging when the water content of the materials is reduced to 3-20%, and sending the fermentation products of the kitchen waste to a landfill to be buried or a waste incineration plant to be incinerated, or transporting to a farm, adding auxiliary materials, and then performing composting fermentation. The processes of crushing, rinsing, extruding, desalting, dewatering and degreasing in the process all need to be equipped with special additional equipment for treatment, so that the equipment investment cost and energy consumption are increased, the treatment difficulty of high-concentration sewage generated in the treatment process is high, the treatment period is long, the treatment cost is high, and meanwhile, the method for transporting and treating the high-concentration sewage generated every day is poor in operability, so that most of kitchen waste sewage is treated by sewage pipes or sewers in cities at present, obviously, the discharged sewage is secondary pollution, and the purpose of environmental protection of kitchen waste treatment is violated, and needs to be corrected. In addition, although the fermentation efficiency can be improved by adding the microbial inoculum into the biochemical reactor in the current kitchen waste treatment, the kitchen waste treatment is limited by the characteristics of the microbial inoculum, the degradation rate of the kitchen waste is not high, and the biochemical reactor only plays a role in reducing the quantity of the kitchen waste. The reasons for influencing fermentation are: 1. the existing kitchen waste zymocyte cannot form dominant flora in high-fat, high-salt, high-protein, high-starch and high-fiber kitchen waste, and particularly the flora reproduction of the kitchen waste after acidification is greatly inhibited, so that the decomposition force is reduced. 2. The optimal propagation temperature of the existing high-temperature-resistant strains is usually below 40 ℃, spores are easy to form and are in a dormant state although the strains can survive under the high-temperature condition, and the reproductive capacity of the strains is also reduced under the high-temperature condition of above 60 ℃, so that the degradation efficiency of the kitchen waste is influenced. 3. Most of the existing biochemical reactors use blowers to provide oxygen for aerobic bacteria, the purpose is to promote fermentation, but when the ventilation amount is too large, not only can heat be lost, but also kitchen waste can be air-dried due to too fast dehydration, the fermentation can be limited, and when the ventilation amount is too small, the dehydration is difficult. Meanwhile, the kitchen waste odor discharged by the air blower has high concentration, great treatment difficulty and poor effect. Besides, when the kitchen waste is treated by the biochemical reactor, the oxygen supply is insufficient to ensure that the activity of fermentation strains is limited, the potential of decomposing the kitchen waste is not fully exerted, the energy is dissipated by increasing the air blowing amount, and the power consumption is greatly increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems of high difficulty in treating the kitchen waste, long treatment period, high treatment cost, odor overflow, low operability and the like of a biochemical reactor in the prior art, the utility model provides the kitchen waste fermentation device which has the advantages of short treatment period, convenience in operation, no odor emission, capability of integrated operation and the like.

The technical scheme is as follows: a kitchen waste fermentation device comprises a biochemical reactor, a heater and a stirrer, kitchen waste to be treated is put in the biochemical reactor, the heater is arranged at the middle lower part of the outer surface of the biochemical reactor, the stirrer is arranged in the biochemical reactor, the kitchen waste fermentation device further comprises a microbial inoculum with a deodorization function, a condenser, an electrolyzed water oxygen production and hydrogen production device, a water storage A pool and a water storage B pool, the microbial inoculum with the deodorization function is put in the biochemical reactor from a top feed inlet, the condenser is arranged at the top end in the biochemical reactor and is used for condensing moisture of materials in the biochemical reactor, the condenser is a water circulation cooling device, a water outlet of cooling water of the water circulation cooling device is connected with one water inlet pipe of the water storage A pool, a water inlet of the cooling water is connected with a water outlet pipe of the water storage A pool, condensed water produced by the condenser is discharged in two ways and is connected with the other water inlet pipe of the water storage A pool, and the water enters the water storage A pool, the other path of the water enters the water storage B pool, a water outlet of the water storage B pool is connected with a liquid supplementing port pipeline at the top of the biochemical reactor, the electrolyzed water oxygen-generating hydrogen production device is used for producing oxygen and hydrogen, a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water oxygen-generating hydrogen production device is connected with an air inlet pipeline at the water storage B pool, and an oxygen outlet of the electrolyzed water oxygen-generating hydrogen production device is connected with an air inlet pipeline at the top of the biochemical reactor.

Preferably, the condenser is a water-cooled condenser or a water-cooled air-cooled composite condenser.

Preferably, the water-cooling air-cooling composite condenser is a water-cooling and air-cooling dual-circulation cooling device, water in a water cooling pipe and a water storage A pool is cooled by circulating through water in one side, air cooling is carried out by the air cooling pipe in a fan inner circulation mode in the other side, the water cooling pipe and the air cooling pipe are wound inside the condenser, cooling water is arranged in the water cooling pipe, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the condenser, and the water collecting tank is used for collecting condensed water.

Preferably, the heater is an electric heater, and the heating temperature range is 25-68 ℃.

Preferably, the oxygen production amount of the water electrolysis oxygen production and hydrogen production device is 1-30L/min, and the hydrogen production amount is 2-60L/min.

Preferably, a water pump a is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the water storage tank A, a water pump B is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the water storage tank B, and flow regulating valves are arranged on the two water outlet pipe pipelines and used for regulating the flow of the water outlet pipes.

Has the advantages that: 1. the oxygen and hydrogen production device by electrolyzing water is used for replacing an air blower for increasing oxygen and discharging water in the existing reactor, the oxygen delivery amount is 1-10L/min, and the oxygen generated by electrolyzing water is input into a biochemical reactor to promote the proliferation of aerobic microorganisms and improve the activity of the aerobic microorganisms. The hydrogen production amount is 2-60L/min, and the produced hydrogen can be injected into condensed water for static natural fermentation so as to enhance the fermentation effect of the kitchen waste. The hydrogen plant is made by electrolysis water oxygen production during fermentation provides pure oxygen, can improve the efficiency of fermentation, has compensatied the defect that the effusion foul smell that exists pollutes all ring edge borders, takes away the heat and leads to energy loss when the air-blower oxygenation, and has saved the foul smell of fermentation in-process and has administered link and fund input, not only energy-conservation but also environmental protection, and the hydrogen of making can be injected into the condensate water and be used for static natural fermentation to reinforcing kitchen garbage fermentation's effect.

2. The water-cooled condenser or the water-cooled air-cooled composite condenser is used for condensing and discharging water in the kitchen waste to replace the original blower function in the reactor, and the discharge amount of condensed water is 3-85 kg/h. The water-cooled condenser utilizes the discharged condensed water as a circulating cooling water source, and can form a temperature difference of 30-60 ℃ between the condenser and the kitchen waste in the biochemical reactor, so that steam evaporated in the fermentation process of the kitchen waste is condensed into the condensed water, and the fermented material tends to be dried gradually by discharging the condensed water. The commonly used blower is replaced by the water-cooled condenser, so that the odor generated during blowing can be prevented from escaping, the energy loss in the reactor caused by blowing can be avoided, and the reduction of power consumption is facilitated. Comparing the water-cooled condenser with the blower drainer, the difference lies in: the condensation method has no odor emission, while the blower method has odor emission and bad odor treatment effect; the condensation method has low energy consumption, and the blower can take away more heat in the blowing process, so that the energy consumption is increased.

3. Need not when device handles kitchen garbage and can advance the storehouse fermentation through smashing, rinsing, extrusion, desalination, dehydration and degrease, the technology is simplified back easy and simple to handle, the energy consumption is low, easily promotes, and more importantly does not have rinsing sewage discharge, can solve the secondary pollution problem that the sewage that produces when kitchen garbage smashes, rinsing, extrusion, desalination, dehydration and degrease handle brought.

4. The condenser utilizes the temperature difference principle can discharge the vapor that produces among the kitchen garbage fermentation process to replace original odor discharging and take away thermal air-blower again promptly, simultaneously, this neotype condenser adopts the exhaust comdenstion water as recirculated cooling water, has improved the cooling effect promptly, has reduced the energy consumption, and the comdenstion water returns to the emission of the reducible waste water of recycling in the kitchen garbage fermentation product that the moisture content is low simultaneously, provides moisture for static nature fermentation again simultaneously, can kill multiple birds with one stone. The water-cooled condenser is a temperature that reduces the condenser through water cooling device, makes and produces the difference in temperature between condenser and the fermentation material to make the moisture in the kitchen garbage condense into the water droplet and discharge, can play the effect that reduces kitchen garbage's moisture content. The water-cooling and air-cooling composite condenser is a condenser which cools water and air simultaneously, and the condensing efficiency is improved by 20-60% compared with the case of singly using water cooling or air cooling. The condensed water is discharged to a pool A and a pool B of the water storage pool, the condensed water in the pool A of the water storage pool is used as a water source for circulating cooling of the water-cooled condenser, and the condensed water in the pool B of the water storage pool is injected with hydrogen to prepare hydrogen-rich water which is then used as a supplementary water source during static natural fermentation. In the kitchen waste added with the hydrogen-rich water, the activity of flora is fully activated, and the kitchen waste fermentation product containing the hydrogen-rich water can still be normally fermented under a static condition when the temperature is lower (10-20 ℃) or under an anoxic condition. Compared with the air-cooled condenser, the water-cooled condenser has the advantages of no waste water discharge and water resource saving, and is high in condensing efficiency, and the water yield of condensed water can be regulated and controlled through the size of cooling circulating water. The water-cooling air-cooling composite condenser can further improve the condensation effect of the condenser, and the water in the kitchen waste is discharged through the condenser. Comparing the condenser with the blower drainer, the difference is: the condensation method has no odor escape, while the blower method has odor emission, high odor treatment cost and poor treatment effect; the condensation method has low energy consumption, and the blower can take away more heat in the blowing process, so that the energy consumption is increased.

5. After the kitchen waste fermented for 24 hours by inputting pure oxygen is subjected to low-cost hydrogen-rich static natural fermentation, the seed germination rate is 95-99%, the seed germination index is 85-92%, the kitchen waste reaches a complete decomposition state, and the kitchen waste can be directly applied to the planting industry without adding other auxiliary materials, so that the kitchen waste can be recycled, and the aim of recycling the kitchen waste can be achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the water-cooled condenser according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the water-cooling and air-cooling composite condenser of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view structural diagram of the water-cooling air-cooling composite condenser.

In the drawings, each numerical designation represents the following: 1. a biochemical reactor; 2. a stirrer; 3. a heater; 4. a condenser; 41. a water cooling pipe; 42. a water collection tank; 43. air cooling the pipe; 44. a fan; 5. a hydrogen production device by electrolyzing water to produce oxygen; 6. a water storage A pool; 7. a water storage tank B; 8. a water pump a; 9. and a water pump b.

Detailed Description

Other advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments having the benefit of the present disclosure, wherein it is to be understood that the present invention may be practiced in other than the specific embodiments described above. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A kitchen waste fermentation device, see figures 1-4, including biochemical reactor 1, heater 3 and agitator 2, pending kitchen waste is put in biochemical reactor 1 inside, and lower part in biochemical reactor 1 surface is located to heater 3, and agitator 2 is located inside biochemical reactor 1, kitchen waste fermentation device still includes the microbial inoculum, condenser 4, the electrolytic water system oxygen hydrogen manufacturing plant 5 of taking deodorization function, water storage A pond 6 and water storage B pond 7, and the microbial inoculum is put into biochemical reactor 1 inside from the top feed inlet, and condenser 4 is located biochemical reactor 1 inside top for the moisture of the interior material of condensation biochemical reactor 1, and condenser 4 is the water-cooled condenser, and the delivery port of this cooling water is connected with a water inlet pipe of water storage A pond 6, and the water inlet of cooling water is connected with the play water piping connection of water storage A pond 6, and the comdenstion water that the condenser produced goes out water, divide two tunnel discharges, advance water piping connection with another of water storage A pond 6 all the way, another way advances water piping connection with water storage B pond 7, the delivery port and the 1 top fluid infusion mouth pipe connection in biochemical reactor of water storage B pond 7, the water electrolysis system oxygen hydrogen plant 5 is used for making oxygen, hydrogen, the water electrolysis system oxygen hydrogen plant 5 goes out the hydrogen mouth and is connected with the air inlet pipeline of water storage B pond 7, 5 oxygen outlets of water electrolysis system oxygen hydrogen plant are connected with 1 top air inlet pipeline of biochemical reactor.

The device is used specifically as follows: the water storage A pool 6 is filled with water through a water pump. Kitchen waste to be treated and a deodorant microbial agent (Wonan 4 bacteria, the deodorant microbial agent accounts for 5% -10% of the total mass of the kitchen waste to be treated, purchased from Jiangsu Wonan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., the Wonan 4 bacteria are high temperature resistant composite bacteria consisting of anaerobic, aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacillus and actinomycetes, can secrete amylase, protease, lipase and cellulase and decompose organic components in the kitchen waste, no odor (methane and hydrogen sulfide) is generated in the fermentation process, the metabolite can inhibit the growth of putrefying bacteria and has a control effect on soil-borne bacterial diseases) are sent to a biochemical reactor 1, then a stirrer 2, a heater 3, a condenser 4 and an electrolyzed water oxygen production device 5 are opened for aerobic fermentation, the electrolyzed hydrogen production device 5 injects the prepared hydrogen into a condensate water storage tank B7 to make the hydrogen-rich water, the prepared oxygen is directly injected into a biochemical reactor 1, the temperature of the biochemical reactor 1 is controlled to be 58-68 ℃, a condenser 4 is used for reducing the water content of kitchen garbage in the biochemical reactor 1, the condenser 4 is a water-cooled condenser or a water-cooled air-cooled composite condenser (in the embodiment, the water-cooled condenser is shown in figure 2), condensed water discharged from the condenser 4 is divided into two parts to a water storage A pool 6 and a water storage B pool 7, the condensed water in the water storage A pool 6 is used as a cooling water source of the condenser 4, the cooling water discharged from the condenser 4 is directly sent to the water storage A pool 6, and the condensed water in the water storage B pool 7 is injected with hydrogen to prepare hydrogen-rich water which is used as a supplementary water source during static natural fermentation; the kitchen waste is fermented for the first time within 24 hours, before discharging, the hydrogen-rich condensed water in the water storage tank B7 is returned to the biochemical reactor 1, and stirring is continued for 10-20 minutes, so that the discharging can be carried out when the moisture content of the fermented material is 40% -50%; after aerobic fermentation, aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria are quickly proliferated, the fermentation efficiency of organic matters is improved, materials subjected to first aerobic fermentation are bagged and stacked in a greenhouse or a storehouse for hydrogen-rich static natural fermentation, the natural fermentation time at 25-35 ℃ is usually not less than 7 days, and a completely decomposed fermentation product can be obtained after fermentation is finished.

Example 2

The difference from the example 1 is that the condenser 4 is a water-cooling air-cooling composite condenser. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the water-cooling and air-cooling composite condenser is a water-cooling and air-cooling dual-circulation cooling device, wherein water cooling on one side forms circulation cooling through a water cooling pipe 41 and water in the water storage pool a 6, and air cooling on the other side is cooled through an air cooling pipe 43 by adopting internal circulation of a fan 44. The water cooling pipe 41 and the air cooling pipe 43 are wound inside the condenser 4, cooling water is arranged in the water cooling pipe 41, a water collecting tank 42 is arranged at the bottom of the condenser 4, and the water collecting tank 42 is used for collecting condensed water. The heater 3 is an electric heater, and the heating temperature range is 25-68 ℃. The oxygen production amount of the water electrolysis oxygen production hydrogen production device 5 is 1-30L/min, and the hydrogen production amount is 2-60L/min. Referring to fig. 1, a water pump a 8 is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the water storage a pool 6, a water pump B9 is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the water storage B pool 7, and flow regulating valves are arranged on two water outlet pipe lines.

The specific using process is as follows: the water storage A pool 6 is filled with water through a water pump. Feeding kitchen waste to be treated with water content of 50-90% and deodorant microbial inoculum (Wonan 4 bacteria, the deodorant microbial inoculum accounts for 5% -10% of the total mass of the kitchen waste to be treated) into a biochemical reactor 1, then opening a stirrer 2, a heater 3, a condenser 4 and an electrolyzed water oxygen generation hydrogen production device 5 for aerobic fermentation, wherein the oxygen production amount of the electrolyzed water oxygen generation hydrogen production device 5 is 1-10L/min, the hydrogen production amount is 2-60L/min, injecting the prepared hydrogen into a condensed water storage B tank 7 to form hydrogen-rich water, 1.6 mg of hydrogen can be dissolved in each liter of water, directly injecting the prepared oxygen into the biochemical reactor 1, the rotating speed of the stirrer 2 is 6-30 r/min, the temperature of the biochemical reactor 1 is controlled at 58-68 ℃, and the condenser 4 is used for reducing the water content of the kitchen waste in the biochemical reactor 1, the condenser 4 is a water-cooled condenser or a water-cooled air-cooled composite condenser (in the embodiment, the water-cooled condenser), condensed water discharged from the condenser 4 is divided into two parts, namely a water storage A pool 6 and a water storage B pool 7, the condensed water in the water storage A pool 6 is used as a cooling water source of the condenser 4, the circulating water discharged from the condenser 4 is directly sent into the water storage A pool 6, and hydrogen is injected into the condensed water in the water storage B pool 7 to prepare hydrogen-rich water which is used as a supplementary water source during static natural fermentation; the kitchen waste is fermented for the first time within 24 hours, before discharging, the hydrogen-rich condensed water in the water storage tank B7 is returned to the biochemical reactor 1, and stirring is continued for 10-20 minutes, so that the discharging can be carried out when the moisture content of the fermented material is 40% -50%; after aerobic fermentation, aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria are quickly proliferated, the fermentation efficiency of organic matters is improved, materials subjected to first aerobic fermentation are bagged and stacked in a greenhouse or a storehouse for hydrogen-rich static natural fermentation, the natural fermentation time at 25-35 ℃ is usually not less than 7 days, and a completely decomposed fermentation product can be obtained after fermentation is finished. After the kitchen waste fermented for 24 hours by inputting pure oxygen is subjected to low-cost hydrogen-rich static natural fermentation, the seed germination rate is 95-99%, the seed germination index is 85-92%, the kitchen waste reaches a complete decomposition state, and the kitchen waste can be directly applied to the planting industry without adding other auxiliary materials, so that the kitchen waste can be recycled, and the aim of recycling the kitchen waste can be achieved.

Although the utility model has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the utility model. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as claimed.

Claims (6)

1. A kitchen waste fermentation device comprises a biochemical reactor, a heater and a stirrer, kitchen waste to be treated is put in the biochemical reactor, the heater is arranged at the middle lower part of the outer surface of the biochemical reactor, the stirrer is arranged in the biochemical reactor, and the kitchen waste fermentation device is characterized by further comprising a microbial inoculum with a deodorization function, a condenser, an electrolyzed water oxygen production and hydrogen production device, a water storage A pool and a water storage B pool, the microbial inoculum with the deodorization function is put in the biochemical reactor from a top feed inlet, the condenser is arranged at the top end in the biochemical reactor and is a water circulation cooling device, the water outlet of cooling water of the water circulation cooling device is connected with one water inlet pipe of the water storage A pool, the water inlet of the cooling water is connected with the water outlet pipe of the water storage A pool, the condensed water generated by the condenser is discharged in two ways and is connected with the other water inlet pipe of the water storage A pool all the way, the other path is connected with a water inlet pipe of the water storage B pool, a water outlet of the water storage B pool is connected with a liquid supplementing port pipeline at the top of the biochemical reactor, a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water oxygen generation hydrogen production device is connected with a gas inlet pipeline of the water storage B pool, and a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water oxygen generation hydrogen production device is connected with a gas inlet pipeline at the top of the biochemical reactor.

2. The kitchen waste fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein the condenser is a water-cooled condenser or a water-cooled air-cooled composite condenser.

3. The kitchen waste fermentation device according to claim 2, wherein the water-cooling and air-cooling combined condenser is a water-cooling and air-cooling dual-circulation cooling device, one side of the water-cooling device forms circulation cooling through water cooling pipes and water in the water storage A pool, the other side of the air-cooling device adopts a fan inner circulation mode to cool through the air cooling pipes, the water cooling pipes and the air cooling pipes are wound inside the condenser, cooling water is arranged in the water cooling pipes, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the condenser, and the water collecting tank is used for collecting condensed water.

4. The kitchen waste fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein the heater is an electric heater, and the heating temperature range is 25-68 ℃.

5. The kitchen waste fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen production amount of the water electrolysis oxygen production and hydrogen production device is 1-30L/min, and the hydrogen production amount is 2-60L/min.

6. The kitchen waste fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein a water pump a is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the water storage A pool, a water pump B is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the water storage B pool, and flow regulating valves are arranged on two water outlet pipe lines.

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