CN215598903U - Novel device for measuring creep deformation of nuclear-grade graphite gasket - Google Patents
Novel device for measuring creep deformation of nuclear-grade graphite gasket Download PDFInfo
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- CN215598903U CN215598903U CN202122229563.6U CN202122229563U CN215598903U CN 215598903 U CN215598903 U CN 215598903U CN 202122229563 U CN202122229563 U CN 202122229563U CN 215598903 U CN215598903 U CN 215598903U
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- clamp
- temperature box
- graphite gasket
- anchor clamps
- short column
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel device for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket, which comprises: the test bench, the high-temperature box interval sets up in the top of test bench, the fixed anchor clamps that are provided with down in upper surface center of test bench, the top of lower anchor clamps penetrates in the high-temperature box, elevator motor's motor shaft and last anchor clamps are connected, the one end that the motor shaft was kept away from to last anchor clamps penetrates in the high-temperature box, it draws forth the end and draws forth the end with lower anchor clamps avris to be connected with the metal respectively to go up anchor clamps and lower anchor clamps, the one end that the last anchor clamps were kept away from to last metal draws forth the end is worn out the high-temperature box and is outwards extended, its tip is provided with vertical lower ceramic short column down, the extensometer is got on last ceramic short column and lower ceramic short column through upper and lower edge of a knife clamp. This a novel device for measuring nuclear level graphite gasket creep deformation can be used for measuring graphite gasket composite construction's creep variable, and the accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of servo experiment machines, in particular to a novel device for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket.
Background
With the development of the nuclear industry, the problem of nuclear leakage has been a concern, and it is important to concern the sealing performance of flange-graphite gasket sealing systems. The key factors influencing the sealing performance of the nuclear-grade graphite gasket include that the creep deformation of the graphite gasket generates stress relaxation to cause the reduction of the sealing performance of the graphite gasket, so the creep performance of the graphite gasket needs to be researched in the research process of the graphite gasket. The device for measuring creep is usually a creep tester, which can be loaded with constant pressure and measure the compression of the object to be measured in the process through a built-in sensor for a longer time, thereby obtaining the creep amount. However, a creep tester is generally used for measuring the creep of the whole material, while a graphite gasket is a composite structure comprising a graphite ring and a metal ring, and the creep of the composite structure cannot be measured by the creep tester.
Therefore, there is a need for a new device for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket to solve the above problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that the creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket can only be measured by the conventional creep testing machine, but the creep deformation of a composite structure, namely the graphite gasket, cannot be measured.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket, where the novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket includes: the test bed is characterized in that vertical upright posts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the test bed, the high-temperature boxes are arranged above the test bed at intervals and fixed in the middle parts of the two upright posts through a bracket, a base is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the test bed, a lower clamp is arranged on the base, the top end of the lower clamp penetrates into the high-temperature boxes, samples are placed on the lower clamp, a lifting motor is fixedly arranged at the tops of the two upright posts, a motor shaft of the lifting motor is connected with an upper clamp, one end, away from the motor shaft, of the upper clamp penetrates into the high-temperature boxes and is vertically arranged corresponding to the lower clamp, the upper clamp and the lower clamp are respectively connected with an upper metal leading-out end and a lower metal leading-out end, one end, away from the upper clamp, of the upper metal leading-out end penetrates out of the high-temperature boxes and extends outwards, an upper ceramic short column is arranged at the end of the lower metal leading-out end, away from the lower clamp, a lower ceramic short column is arranged vertically downwards, the extensometer is clamped on the upper ceramic short column and the lower ceramic short column through the upper knife edge and the lower knife edge.
The front side surface of the high-temperature box is provided with an openable box door, the bottom of the high-temperature box is provided with a through hole, and the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end penetrate out of the through hole and extend outwards.
Wherein, the end is drawn forth to last metal and the one end that the end was drawn forth to metal down kept away from last anchor clamps and lower anchor clamps respectively all sets up to 90 degrees and buckles, becomes L shape structure.
The upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end are respectively connected with the upper clamp and the lower clamp through screws.
The embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
this a novel device for measuring nuclear level graphite gasket creep deformation can be used for measuring graphite gasket composite construction's creep variable, through setting up external extensometer, has improved the measurement accuracy of creep variable, through keeping away from the high temperature environment case with the extensometer to draw the extensometer and draw the ceramic short column butt joint on serving with last lower metal, avoided the extensometer to receive the temperature influence and influence the problem of precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the upper and lower clamps with the extensometer through the upper and lower metal terminals.
In the figure: the device comprises a test bed 1, a stand column 2, a high-temperature box 3, a support 4, a lower clamp 5, a sample 6, a lifting motor 7, a motor shaft 8, an upper clamp 9, an upper metal leading-out end 10, a lower metal leading-out end 11, an upper ceramic short column 12, a lower ceramic short column 13, an extensometer 14, a through hole 15 and a base 16.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear-grade graphite gasket according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the upper and lower clamps with the extensometer through the upper and lower metal terminals.
Vertical stand columns 2 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the test bed 1 in two sides, the high-temperature boxes 3 are arranged above the test bed 1 at intervals and fixed in the middle of the two stand columns 2 through supports 4, box doors capable of being opened are arranged on the front side surfaces of the high-temperature boxes 3, and through holes 15 are formed in the bottoms of the high-temperature boxes 3. The center of the upper surface of the test bed 1 is fixedly provided with a base 16, a lower clamp 5 is arranged on the base 16, the top end of the lower clamp 5 penetrates into the high-temperature box 3, and a sample 6 is placed on the lower clamp. Lifting motor 7 is fixed to be set up in the top of two stands 2, and its motor shaft 8 is connected with last anchor clamps 9, and the one end that goes away from the motor shaft of last anchor clamps 9 penetrates in high temperature cabinet 3, corresponds the setting from top to bottom with lower anchor clamps 5.
The upper clamp 9 and the lower clamp 5 are respectively connected with an upper metal leading-out terminal 10 and a lower metal leading-out terminal 11, and the upper metal leading-out terminal 10 and the lower metal leading-out terminal 11 respectively penetrate out of a through hole 15 at the bottom of the high-temperature box 3 and extend outwards. After one end of the upper metal leading-out end 10, which is far away from the upper clamp 9, penetrates out of the high-temperature box 3, the end part of the upper metal leading-out end is vertically upwards provided with an upper ceramic short column 12; and one end of the lower metal leading-out end 11, which is far away from the lower clamp 5, penetrates out of the high-temperature box 3, and the end part of the lower metal leading-out end is vertically downwards provided with a lower ceramic short column 13. In this embodiment, the upper metal terminal 10 and the lower metal terminal 11 are connected to the upper clamp 9 and the lower clamp 5 by screws, respectively, and the ends of the upper metal terminal 10 and the lower metal terminal 11, which are far away from the upper clamp 9 and the lower clamp 5, are bent by 90 degrees to form an L-shaped structure. The concrete structure is as follows: a lower metal leading-out end (the width is 20mm and the thickness is 10mm) is fixed on the side of the lower clamp by two screws, the lower metal leading-out end is bent outwards by 90 degrees after the lower metal leading-out end is extended to be positioned on the same plane (approximately 300mm) with the base, the extended length is 100mm, and the structural shape is L-shaped; similarly, an upper metal leading-out terminal (20 mm in width and 10mm in thickness and 10mm in parallel distance from the lower metal leading-out terminal) is fixed by two screws at a position where the side of the upper clamp is parallel to the lower metal leading-out terminal, and the upper metal leading-out terminal extends to a position 20mm above the bottommost end of the lower metal leading-out terminal and bends outwards by 90 degrees and extends to the L-shaped tail end of the lower metal leading-out terminal to be flush. Then, a ceramic short column with the length of 15mm is respectively fixed to the upper part and the lower part of the tail end of the L-shaped bent part of the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end in an outward mode, the ceramic short column has a good heat insulation effect, and heat conducted from the high-temperature box through the metal leading-out ends can be effectively isolated.
The extensometer 14 is clamped on the upper ceramic short column 12 and the lower ceramic short column 13 through the upper knife edge and the lower knife edge. In this embodiment, the L-shaped extending ends of the upper and lower metal terminals are vertically spaced apart by 50mm (including the ceramic stub), and an extensometer with a gauge length of 50mm is used to clamp the ceramic stub of the upper and lower metal terminals through the upper and lower knife edges. In the creep test process, the displacement of the graphite gasket caused by creep is equivalent to the relative displacement difference of the upper clamp and the lower clamp, the relative displacement difference is transmitted to the extensometer by the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end, and the creep deformation of the graphite gasket can be indirectly measured by the reading of the extensometer. In the whole test process, the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end are always kept parallel and are always kept in close contact with the corresponding clamps, the materials of the metal leading-out ends and the clamps are all H13 hot work die steel, the metal leading-out ends and the clamps can keep better strength and hardness when working in a high-temperature environment, the comprehensive mechanical property of the metal leading-out ends is very excellent, and the tempering resistance stability is also higher. Meanwhile, the highest high-temperature environment in the test is 350 ℃, and the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end can completely meet the requirement of high-temperature deformation resistance.
In the novel device for measuring the creep deformation of the nuclear-grade graphite gasket, the high-temperature box used for the high-temperature test adopts a GW-400A type high-temperature test box produced by Changchun constant-lift science and technology Limited. The high-temperature environment box used for the test is accurately controlled by a temperature controller, and the heating mode is two-section resistance wire heating. The fixture consists of an upper pressure head fixture and a lower pressure head fixture, the metal pressure head of the fixture is made of H13 hot work die steel, the steel is formed by adding alloy elements into carbon work steel, carbon and vanadium have large specific weight content, the fixture has good wear resistance and heat resistance, the fixture can maintain good strength and hardness when working in a high-temperature environment, the fixture has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and the tempering resistance is also high. Meanwhile, considering that the highest temperature environment involved in the test is 350 ℃, the maximum load is 117KN, and H13 can completely meet the requirements of the clamp on high temperature resistance and deformation resistance. The device measures the displacement of the graphite gasket after being pressed by externally connecting extensometers on the upper clamp and the lower clamp, the extensometers are produced by steel institute, the measurable range is +/-2.5 mm, and the theoretical precision can reach 1E-6 mm. Meanwhile, considering the structure of the high-temperature box body and the influence of high temperature on the measurement of the extensometer, two metal leading-out ends are fixed on an upper clamp and a lower clamp during the test, and the upper leading-out end and the lower leading-out end extend out of the bottom of the high-temperature box together with the lower clamp. The extensometer measures the displacement difference of the tail ends of the upper leading-out end and the lower leading-out end so as to measure the displacement difference of the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and then the displacement difference is converted into the creep deformation of the graphite gasket.
The measuring method of the extensometer is that the upper and lower knife edges of the extensometer are in point contact with a test piece (a test piece measuring part), and the upper and lower knife edges of the extensometer are respectively fixed on the test piece by a spring clip or a rubber band. Generally, the clamping gauge distance of the conventional extensometer is 25mm-50mm, the thickness of the flexible graphite gasket is 4mm-10mm in common, and the deformation of the graphite gasket is led out from a high-temperature box by using two metal leading-out ends, so that the clamping range of the extensometer is enlarged, and the extensometer is far away from a high-temperature area. The metal leading-out end is fixed at the upper clamp and the lower clamp through screws, the high-temperature box extends downwards, the lowest end of the metal leading-out end is bent for 90 degrees, and the vertical distance (including a ceramic short column) at the lowest end between the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end is kept at 50mm, so that the extensometer can be clamped conveniently. The creep variable of the test piece is successfully converted into the displacement of the upper metal leading-out end and the lower metal leading-out end by the method, the displacement sensor in the servo testing machine is replaced by the displacement measured by the extensometer, and the two metal leading-out ends are always kept parallel in the testing process. Meanwhile, the extensometer is far away from the high-temperature box, and the ceramic column at the tail end of the metal extensometer is connected with the extensometer, so that the influence of high temperature on the extensometer is solved, the problem of precision is solved through the transformation, and the reliability of results is greatly improved. The extensometer is connected to the upper and lower clamps through the metal leading-out end, the size of the graphite gasket is changed in the test process, and the clamp with the size close to that of the graphite gasket can be replaced in order to realize the most accurate measurement. The upper clamp and the lower clamp are convenient to replace on the test bed of the servo testing machine, the metal leading-out end is connected to the side of the upper clamp and the lower clamp through screws, the transformation process has the advantage of strong operability, so that the clamp transformation preparation before the test and the clamp replacement in the test process are both very convenient, and a large amount of time is saved.
The novel device manufactured by the scheme successfully measures creep curves of the graphite gaskets with the nominal diameters of DN40 and DN65 under the pressure stress of 30 MPa, 40 MPa and 70MPa and at the temperature of 20-350 ℃, reduces creep displacement generated by the graphite gaskets with good test results, and has high accuracy.
The principle of the novel device for measuring the creep deformation of the nuclear-grade graphite gasket is as follows: the creep test machine can measure the creep of the whole material but cannot measure the creep of the composite structure, so a new device is needed for measuring the creep of the composite structure such as the graphite gasket. The servo testing machine can measure the compression displacement of the composite structure, and has wider applicability compared with a creep testing machine, but has the obvious defects of insufficient measurement precision compared with the creep testing machine, very thin thickness of the graphite gasket, very small creep quantity and very high precision. Therefore, the servo testing machine is improved, and the problem of measurement accuracy is met by an external extensometer. In addition, the environment that needs the high temperature when measuring the creep deformation performance of graphite gasket, still keep away from the high temperature environment case with the extensometer in the testing process, avoid the extensometer to receive the temperature influence and influence the precision, the highest temperature in the testing process is 350 ℃, although the extensometer draws forth the end through the metal and has realized measuring the displacement outside the high temperature case, the metal is drawn forth the end and still is the transmission heat, in order to solve this problem, draw forth two ceramic short columns of end about last installation, the extensometer is direct to dock with two ceramic short columns, because ceramic material possesses extremely low coefficient of heat conductivity, thereby the influence of temperature to the extensometer has been completely cut off.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear grade graphite gasket, comprising: the testing table is characterized in that vertical stand columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the testing table, a high-temperature box is arranged above the testing table at intervals and fixed in the middle of the two stand columns through a support, a base is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the testing table, a lower clamp is arranged on the base, the top end of the lower clamp penetrates into the high-temperature box, a sample is placed on the lower clamp, a lifting motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the two stand columns, a motor shaft of the lifting motor is connected with an upper clamp, one end, away from the motor shaft, of the upper clamp penetrates into the high-temperature box and is vertically arranged corresponding to the lower clamp, the upper clamp and the lower clamp are respectively connected with an upper metal leading-out end and a lower metal leading-out end, one end, away from the upper clamp, of the upper metal leading-out end penetrates out of the high-temperature box and extends outwards, an upper ceramic short column facing upwards is arranged at the end of the upper clamp, and one end, away from the lower clamp, penetrates out of the high-temperature box and extends outwards, the end part of the lower ceramic short column is provided with a vertically downward lower ceramic short column, and the extensometer is clamped on the upper ceramic short column and the lower ceramic short column through an upper knife edge and a lower knife edge.
2. The novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear grade graphite gasket according to claim 1, wherein an openable door is provided on a front side surface of the high temperature box, a through hole is provided at a bottom of the high temperature box, and the upper metal terminal and the lower metal terminal are extended out of the through hole and extended outward.
3. The novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of nuclear grade graphite gasket of claim 2, wherein the ends of the upper and lower metal terminals respectively remote from the upper and lower clamps are each arranged to be bent at 90 degrees to form an L-shaped structure.
4. The novel apparatus for measuring creep deformation of a nuclear grade graphite gasket of claim 1, wherein said upper metal terminal and said lower metal terminal are each connected to said upper clamp and said lower clamp by screws, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122229563.6U CN215598903U (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Novel device for measuring creep deformation of nuclear-grade graphite gasket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122229563.6U CN215598903U (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Novel device for measuring creep deformation of nuclear-grade graphite gasket |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215598903U true CN215598903U (en) | 2022-01-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122229563.6U Expired - Fee Related CN215598903U (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Novel device for measuring creep deformation of nuclear-grade graphite gasket |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215598903U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-09-15 CN CN202122229563.6U patent/CN215598903U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20220121 |