CN215580357U - Power supply circuit and battery system - Google Patents
Power supply circuit and battery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215580357U CN215580357U CN202120906717.8U CN202120906717U CN215580357U CN 215580357 U CN215580357 U CN 215580357U CN 202120906717 U CN202120906717 U CN 202120906717U CN 215580357 U CN215580357 U CN 215580357U
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Abstract
The application discloses supply circuit and battery system belongs to circuit technical field. The power supply circuit includes: the relay comprises a first relay, a second relay and an arc extinguishing circuit; the first contact of the first relay is used for being connected with the positive pole of a battery, the first contact of the second relay is used for being connected with the negative pole of the battery, and the second contact of the first relay and the second contact of the second relay are output ends of the power supply circuit; the first end of the arc extinguishing circuit is connected with the first contact of the first relay, the second end of the arc extinguishing circuit is connected with the second contact of the first relay, and the arc extinguishing circuit is used for eliminating electric arcs generated when the first relay is turned off. This application is through the electric arc that produces when the arc extinguishing circuit elimination first relay turn-offs, not only can protect first relay, can also protect consumer to can promote supply circuit's fail safe nature.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to circuit technologies, and particularly to a power supply circuit and a battery system.
Background
The battery system is used to supply power to electrical devices in the vehicle. If abnormal conditions occur in the running process of the vehicle, the battery system can generate abnormal current, and the abnormal current needs to be cut off at the moment so as to avoid the abnormal current from damaging electric equipment.
In the related art, a battery system may include a battery and a relay connected between the battery and a consumer. When the battery system works normally, the relay is switched on, and the battery system can normally supply power to the electric equipment through the relay. When the battery system generates abnormal current, the relay is turned off to cut off the abnormal current, so that the abnormal current is prevented from flowing into the electric equipment to damage the electric equipment.
However, relays can arc during shutdown. The arc can affect the life of the relay and, if the arc is too energetic, can cause the relay to crack or explode.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides a power supply circuit which can protect a relay and electric equipment. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a power supply circuit is provided, which includes: the relay comprises a first relay, a second relay and an arc extinguishing circuit;
the first contact of the first relay is used for being connected with the positive pole of a battery, the first contact of the second relay is used for being connected with the negative pole of the battery, and the second contact of the first relay and the second contact of the second relay are output ends of the power supply circuit;
the first end of the arc extinguishing circuit is connected with the first contact of the first relay, the second end of the arc extinguishing circuit is connected with the second contact of the first relay, and the arc extinguishing circuit is used for eliminating electric arcs generated when the first relay is turned off.
In the application, the power supply circuit is used for switching on the first relay and the second relay when the power supply circuit is used for normally supplying power, and the battery supplies power to the electric equipment through the switched-on first relay and the switched-on second relay. If the power supply circuit generates abnormal current, the arc extinguishing circuit is switched on and the first relay is switched off, so that electric arcs generated when the first relay is switched off can be eliminated through the arc extinguishing circuit connected between the first contact and the second contact of the first relay, and the first relay is protected. The second relay is then turned off. After the first relay and the second relay are both switched off, the abnormal current in the power supply circuit is cut off, so that the electric equipment can be protected. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the power supply circuit are improved.
Optionally, the arc quenching circuit comprises a switch and a first fuse;
the first end of switch with the first contact of first relay is connected, the second end of switch with the first end of first fuse is connected, the second end of first fuse with the second contact of first relay is connected.
Optionally, the switch is a relay or a metal oxide semiconductor MOS transistor.
Optionally, the arc quenching circuit comprises a thyristor;
the first end of the controllable silicon is connected with the first contact of the first relay, and the second end of the controllable silicon is connected with the second contact of the first relay.
Optionally, the power supply circuit further comprises a current sensor and a control module;
the first end of the current sensor is used for being connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the second end of the current sensor is connected with the first contact of the second relay, and the output end of the current sensor is connected with the detection end of the control module;
the first control end of the control module is connected with the coil of the first relay, the second control end of the control module is connected with the coil of the second relay, and the third control end of the control module is connected with the control end of the arc extinguishing circuit; the control module is used for controlling the first relay, the second relay and the arc extinguishing circuit according to the current detected by the current sensor.
Optionally, the control module is configured to turn on the first relay and the second relay and turn off the arc extinguishing circuit when the current detected by the current sensor is smaller than an abnormal current threshold.
Optionally, the control module is configured to, when the current detected by the current sensor is greater than or equal to an abnormal current threshold, turn on the arc extinguishing circuit and turn off the first relay, and turn off the second relay after a preset time period for turning on the arc extinguishing circuit.
Optionally, the control module is a battery management system BMS or an electric vehicle controller VCU.
Optionally, the power supply circuit further comprises a second fuse;
the first end of the second fuse is used for being connected with the positive pole of the battery, and the second end of the second fuse is connected with the first contact of the first relay.
In a second aspect, a battery system is provided, which includes a battery and the above power supply circuit.
It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect can be referred to the related description of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
101: arc extinguishing circuit, 102: battery, 103: electric device, 104: a control module;
k1: first relay, K2: a second relay, S: switch, FU 1: first fuse, SCR: silicon controlled rectifier, A: current sensor, FU 2: a second fuse.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that reference to "a plurality" in this application means two or more. In the description of the present application, "/" means "or" unless otherwise stated, for example, a/B may mean a or B; "and/or" herein is only an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, for the convenience of clearly describing the technical solutions of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance.
Before explaining the embodiments of the present application in detail, an application scenario of the embodiments of the present application will be described.
The new energy automobile mainly takes a power battery as an energy source. The battery system where the power battery is located provides energy for all systems of the whole vehicle, and the battery system is generally a high-voltage system. When the new energy automobile is abnormal in the operation process, the battery system can generate abnormal current, and the high-voltage relay is generally used for cutting off the abnormal current so as to avoid the abnormal current from damaging electric equipment. However, when the high-voltage relay cuts off the abnormal current, an arc of extremely high energy is generated, and the arc affects the service life of the high-voltage relay, and may cause an accident such as a fire due to cracking or explosion of the high-voltage relay. Therefore, it is necessary to control and manage the arc generated when the high-voltage relay cuts off the abnormal current, so as to protect the high-voltage relay and the electric equipment and improve the safety of the entire vehicle.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides a power supply circuit, which eliminates electric arcs generated when a relay is turned off through an arc extinguishing circuit, protects the relay and protects electric equipment. The power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a high-voltage system of a power battery, for example: new forms of energy whole car high-pressure system.
The following explains the power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application in detail.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, the power supply circuit includes: a first relay K1, a second relay K2 and an arc extinguishing circuit 101.
The first contact of the first relay K1 is used for being connected with the positive pole of the battery 102, the first contact of the second relay K2 is used for being connected with the negative pole of the battery 102, the second contact of the first relay K1 and the second contact of the second relay K2 are output ends of the power supply circuit, the output end of the power supply circuit is used for being connected with the electric equipment 103, and the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the electric equipment 103. A first end of the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is connected to a first contact of the first relay K1, and a second end of the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is connected to a second contact of the first relay K1.
The first relay K1 is an electric control device, which is an automatic switch for controlling the operation of large current with small current, and is used to cut off the abnormal current generated by the power supply circuit to protect the electric equipment 103.
The second relay K2 is an electric control device, which is an automatic switch that uses small current to control large current operation, and is also used to cut off the abnormal current generated by the power supply circuit to further protect the electric equipment 103.
The battery 102 is used to provide electrical energy, such as: the battery 102 may be a power battery.
The powered device 103 may be various types of powered devices, such as: the electric device 103 may be a starter, an instrument panel, or an ignition device, which is not limited in this embodiment.
The arc extinguishing circuit 101 is used to extinguish an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off.
When the power supply circuit is normally used for supplying power, the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are switched on, and the battery 102 supplies power to the electric equipment 103 through the switched-on first relay K1 and the switched-on second relay K2. If the power supply circuit generates an abnormal current, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is turned on and the first relay K1 is turned off, so that an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off can be extinguished by the arc extinguishing circuit 101 connected between the first contact and the second contact of the first relay K1, thereby protecting the first relay K1. The second relay K2 is then turned off. When both the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are turned off, the abnormal current in the power supply circuit is cut off, and the electric device 103 can be protected. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the power supply circuit are improved.
It should be noted that when an abnormal current is generated in the power supply circuit, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 may be turned on at the same time as the first relay K1 is turned off, or the arc extinguishing circuit 101 may be turned on first and then the first relay K1 may be turned off, so that an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off may be well eliminated.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the power supply circuit further includes a current sensor a and a control module 104.
The first end of the current sensor a is used for being connected with the negative electrode of the battery 102, the second end of the current sensor a is connected with the first contact of the second relay K2, and the output end of the current sensor a is connected with the detection end of the control module 104.
A first control terminal of the control module 104 is connected to a coil of the first relay K1, a second control terminal of the control module 104 is connected to a coil of the second relay K2, and a third control terminal of the control module 104 is connected to a control terminal of the arc extinguishing circuit 101.
The current sensor a is a current detection device capable of detecting the current of the power supply circuit.
The control module 104 is configured to control the first relay K1, the second relay K2, and the arc extinguishing circuit 101 according to the current detected by the current sensor a, so as to cut off an abnormal current in the power supply circuit and eliminate an arc on the basis of ensuring normal power supply of the power supply circuit to the electric device 103. Alternatively, the Control module 104 may be a BMS (Battery Management System), a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit), or other modules having a Control function, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In some embodiments, the control module 104 is configured to turn on the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 and turn off the arc extinguishing circuit 101 when the current detected by the current sensor a is less than the abnormal current threshold.
The abnormal current threshold may be set in advance, for example: the abnormal current threshold may be set to 1.5 times the current when the power supply circuit is normally supplying power. That is, when the current of the power supply circuit is greater than or equal to the abnormal current threshold, it indicates that the current of the power supply circuit is an abnormal current, and the electric device 103 may be damaged.
Specifically, the current sensor A senses the current of the power supply circuit and transmits it to the control module 104. If the current detected by the current sensor a is smaller than the abnormal current threshold, which indicates that the current of the power supply circuit is a normal current, the control module 104 turns on the first relay K1 and the second relay K2, and turns off the arc extinguishing circuit 101, so that the battery 102 normally supplies power to the electric equipment 103 through the turned-on first relay K1 and the turned-on second relay K2.
In some embodiments, the control module 104 is configured to turn on the arc extinguishing circuit 101 and turn off the first relay K1 when the current detected by the current sensor a is greater than or equal to the abnormal current threshold, and turn off the second relay K2 after a preset time period for turning on the arc extinguishing circuit 101.
The preset time period may be preset as long as it is ensured that the arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off can be extinguished by the arc extinguishing circuit 101 within the preset time period. It should be noted that the preset time period is not set too long, and for example, the preset time period may be the shortest time period for the arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off to be eliminated by the arc extinguishing circuit 101, and may be 10 milliseconds, for example.
Specifically, if the current detected by the current sensor a is greater than or equal to the abnormal current threshold, which indicates that the current of the power supply circuit is an abnormal current that may damage the electric equipment 103, the control module 104 turns on the arc extinguishing circuit 101 and turns off the first relay K1, so that the arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off may be eliminated by the arc extinguishing circuit 101 connected between the first contact and the second contact of the first relay K1, thereby protecting the first relay K1. The second relay K2 is switched off after a preset time period for switching on the arc extinguishing circuit 101. When both the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are turned off, the abnormal current in the power supply circuit is cut off, and the electric device 103 can be protected.
Two possible configurations of the arc extinguishing circuit 101 are explained below. Of course, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 may have other structures as long as the arc extinguishing circuit 101 can eliminate the arc generated by the first relay K1 when it is turned off.
A first possible configuration: referring to fig. 3, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 includes a switch S and a first fuse FU 1.
The first end of switch S is connected with the first contact of first relay K1, and the second end of switch S is connected with the first end of first fuse FU1, and the second end of first fuse FU1 is connected with the second contact of first relay K1.
The switch S is used to turn on the arc extinguishing circuit 101 or turn off the arc extinguishing circuit 101, that is, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is turned on when the switch S is turned on, and the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is turned off when the switch S is turned off. In some embodiments, the control terminal of the switch S is connected to a third control terminal of the control module 104, and the control module 104 can control the arc extinguishing circuit 101 to be turned on or off by controlling the on or off of the switch S. Alternatively, the switch S may be a relay, a MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) Transistor, a triode, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), or the like, which is not limited in this embodiment.
The first fuse FU1 is used to extinguish an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off. The first fuse FU1 may be arc extinguished by enclosing the melt in a fuse tube with a filler of insulating grit (e.g., quartz sand) that absorbs the arc energy when the arc is generated, thereby extinguishing the arc.
Specifically, when the switch S is turned on, if the first relay K1 is turned off, an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off will go through the switch S to the first fuse FU1, and the first fuse FU1 will eliminate the arc, thereby protecting the first relay K1.
A second possible configuration: referring to fig. 4, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 includes a silicon controlled SCR.
The first end of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR is connected with the first contact of the first relay K1, and the second end of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR is connected with the second contact of the first relay K1.
The silicon controlled rectifier SCR is also called a thyristor and is used for eliminating electric arcs generated when the first relay K1 is turned off, and the silicon controlled rectifier SCR has the advantages of small size, high efficiency, long service life and the like. The SCR eliminates the arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off by controlling the voltage across the first relay K1 to be in an extremely low range. In some embodiments, a control terminal of the SCR is connected to a third control terminal of the control module 104, and the control module 104 can control the SCR to be turned on or off.
Specifically, when the SCR is turned on, if the first relay K1 is turned off, the SCR may eliminate an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off, thereby protecting the first relay K1.
Further, referring to fig. 5, the power supply circuit further includes a second fuse FU 2. A first end of the second fuse FU2 is for connection to the positive terminal of the battery 102 and a second end of the second fuse FU2 is connected to a first contact of the first relay K1.
The second fuse FU2 is used for short-circuit protection of the power supply circuit. In the case of a short circuit in the power supply circuit, the current of the power supply circuit is too large, which will blow the fuse body of the second fuse FU2, thereby cutting off the current of the power supply circuit and protecting the devices in the power supply circuit and the electric equipment 103.
In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit turns on the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 when supplying power normally, and the battery 102 supplies power to the electric equipment 103 through the turned on first relay K1 and the turned on second relay K2. If the power supply circuit generates an abnormal current, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is turned on and the first relay K1 is turned off, so that an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off can be extinguished by the arc extinguishing circuit 101 connected between the first contact and the second contact of the first relay K1, thereby protecting the first relay K1. The second relay K2 is then turned off. When both the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are turned off, the abnormal current in the power supply circuit is cut off, and the electric device 103 can be protected. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the power supply circuit are improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides a battery system. The battery system includes a battery 102 and the power supply circuit shown in fig. 1-5 above. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the battery system includes a battery 102, a first relay K1, a second relay K2, and an arc extinguishing circuit 103. A first contact of the first relay K1 is used for being connected with the positive pole of the battery 102, a first contact of the second relay K2 is used for being connected with the negative pole of the battery 102, and a second contact of the first relay K1 and a second contact of the second relay K2 are output ends of the power supply circuit (namely output ends of the battery system); a first end of the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is connected to a first contact of the first relay K1, and a second end of the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is connected to a second contact of the first relay K1.
In the embodiment of the application, when the battery system supplies power normally, the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are turned on, and the battery 102 supplies power to the electric equipment 103 through the turned-on first relay K1 and the turned-on second relay K2. If the battery system generates an abnormal current, the arc extinguishing circuit 101 is turned on and the first relay K1 is turned off, so that an arc generated when the first relay K1 is turned off can be extinguished by the arc extinguishing circuit 101 connected between the first contact and the second contact of the first relay K1, thereby protecting the first relay K1. The second relay K2 is then turned off. When both the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are turned off, the abnormal current in the power supply circuit is cut off, and the electric device 103 can be protected. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the battery system are improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that the power supply circuit comprises: the relay comprises a first relay, a second relay and an arc extinguishing circuit;
the first contact of the first relay is used for being connected with the positive pole of a battery, the first contact of the second relay is used for being connected with the negative pole of the battery, and the second contact of the first relay and the second contact of the second relay are output ends of the power supply circuit;
the first end of the arc extinguishing circuit is connected with the first contact of the first relay, the second end of the arc extinguishing circuit is connected with the second contact of the first relay, and the arc extinguishing circuit is used for eliminating electric arcs generated when the first relay is turned off.
2. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the arc quenching circuit comprises a switch and a first fuse;
the first end of switch with the first contact of first relay is connected, the second end of switch with the first end of first fuse is connected, the second end of first fuse with the second contact of first relay is connected.
3. The power supply circuit of claim 2 wherein said switch is a relay or a Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) transistor.
4. The power supply circuit of claim 1 wherein the arc quenching circuit comprises a thyristor;
the first end of the controllable silicon is connected with the first contact of the first relay, and the second end of the controllable silicon is connected with the second contact of the first relay.
5. The power supply circuit of claim 1 wherein said power supply circuit further comprises a current sensor and a control module;
the first end of the current sensor is used for being connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the second end of the current sensor is connected with the first contact of the second relay, and the output end of the current sensor is connected with the detection end of the control module;
the first control end of the control module is connected with the coil of the first relay, the second control end of the control module is connected with the coil of the second relay, and the third control end of the control module is connected with the control end of the arc extinguishing circuit; the control module is used for controlling the first relay, the second relay and the arc extinguishing circuit according to the current detected by the current sensor.
6. The power supply circuit of claim 5, wherein the control module is configured to turn on the first relay and the second relay and turn off the arc quenching circuit when the current detected by the current sensor is less than an abnormal current threshold.
7. The power supply circuit of claim 6, wherein the control module is configured to turn on the arc quenching circuit and turn off the first relay when the current detected by the current sensor is greater than or equal to an abnormal current threshold, and turn off the second relay after a preset duration of turning on the arc quenching circuit.
8. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the control module is a Battery Management System (BMS) or a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) of an electric vehicle.
9. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the power supply circuit further comprises a second fuse;
the first end of the second fuse is used for being connected with the positive pole of the battery, and the second end of the second fuse is connected with the first contact of the first relay.
10. A battery system, characterized in that the battery system comprises a battery and a supply circuit according to any of the preceding claims 1-9.
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| CN202120906717.8U CN215580357U (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Power supply circuit and battery system |
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| CN202120906717.8U CN215580357U (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Power supply circuit and battery system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114864336A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 河北工业大学 | Arc-free relay based on natural commutation and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114864336A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 河北工业大学 | Arc-free relay based on natural commutation and control method thereof |
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