CN215553625U - Hydrogen fuel cell tractor - Google Patents

Hydrogen fuel cell tractor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN215553625U
CN215553625U CN202121612569.5U CN202121612569U CN215553625U CN 215553625 U CN215553625 U CN 215553625U CN 202121612569 U CN202121612569 U CN 202121612569U CN 215553625 U CN215553625 U CN 215553625U
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
tractor
hydrogen fuel
reactor
hydrogen
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CN202121612569.5U
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Inventor
孙晓亮
薛金梁
杨智明
王晓聪
林平
刘城英
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Guangzhou South China Oceangate Container Terminal Co ltd
Hoi Tung Innotek Shenzhen Co ltd
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Guangzhou South China Oceangate Container Terminal Co ltd
Hoi Tung Innotek Shenzhen Co ltd
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Application filed by Guangzhou South China Oceangate Container Terminal Co ltd, Hoi Tung Innotek Shenzhen Co ltd filed Critical Guangzhou South China Oceangate Container Terminal Co ltd
Priority to CN202121612569.5U priority Critical patent/CN215553625U/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell tractor which comprises a tractor head, wherein the tractor head comprises a tractor body and a cab arranged at the upper end of the tractor body, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor also comprises a motor arranged on the tractor body and used for driving the tractor body to move, and a power lithium battery pack and a hydrogen fuel cell system which are used for supplying power to the motor, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a reactor and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks detachably arranged on one side of the tractor body, the hydrogen storage tanks are communicated with the reactor, and the power lithium battery pack is respectively electrically connected with the reactor and the motor; and a gap for accommodating the reactor is arranged between the vehicle body and the cab. The reactor and the hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen fuel cell system are respectively arranged, so that the hydrogen storage amount is increased to the maximum extent, the driving range of the vehicle is improved, and the reactor is arranged below the cab, so that the safety of the vehicle is improved.

Description

Hydrogen fuel cell tractor
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell tractor.
Background
Under the background that the discharge requirements are increasingly strict and the relevant standards are gradually improved and the electromotion becomes great trend, the medium and heavy vehicles also need to have an effective path for zero pollution and zero emission; at present, a tractor used in a port is mainly driven by a diesel engine, a large amount of air pollutants and greenhouse gas are discharged in the working process, the energy conversion rate is low, and the energy loss is large.
The special loading and unloading working condition configuration of the wharf causes the low-speed tractor of the wharf to have the characteristics of frequent no-load, heavy-load starting, acceleration, scram and long-time starting waiting operation, and the working state is various and complex. The traditional fuel tractor at the present stage has the following disadvantages:
(1) when the tractor starts, the comfort of the whole tractor is low due to the influence of the vibration and the noise of the engine;
(2) because the power configuration of the installed engine is high, the power is excessive during no-load and light-load, the fuel economy is poor, and the power is insufficient during heavy-load acceleration, so that the environment is polluted by black smoke;
(3) a braking energy recovery system is not equipped, so that a large amount of heat loss is generated by frequent deceleration and braking;
(4) when the whole vehicle starts, the power response of the engine is slow, the starting acceleration is slow, and the working efficiency of the tractor is influenced;
(5) because the tractor needs to be started for a long time to wait for operation, in order to meet the power consumption requirements of an air conditioner, a headlamp and the like, an engine needs to be in a running state, and fuel oil/gas loss is serious.
The vigorous development of new energy automobiles is a major strategic measure for dealing with global energy shortage and environmental pollution; among numerous new energy automobiles, the fuel cell vehicle is considered as an important direction of sustainable development of the automobile industry in the future due to the advantages of zero pollution and zero emission, high efficiency, long endurance, diversified fuel sources, renewable energy sources and the like, and is an ideal new energy power solution for solving the global energy problem and climate change; however, since the general fuel cell handle and the whole fuel cell stack are uniformly exposed and mounted on the vehicle body through the bracket, the following disadvantages exist:
(1) due to the existence of a reactor in the fuel cell stack, the reactor can encroach on the arrangement space of the hydrogen storage tank on the bracket, so that the weight of loaded hydrogen is limited, and the driving mileage of a vehicle is caught;
(2) the reactor is exposed outside, and is easily influenced by external factors (such as rain, insolation, human factors and the like) to cause the safety problems of damage and the like, so that the safety risk is increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell tractor, in which a reactor and a hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell system are separately installed to maximize the amount of hydrogen stored, thereby improving the driving range of the vehicle, and the reactor is disposed below a cab to improve the safety of the vehicle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell tractor which comprises a tractor head, wherein the tractor head comprises a tractor body and a cab arranged at the upper end of the tractor body, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further comprises a motor arranged on the tractor body and used for driving the tractor body to move, and a power lithium battery pack and a hydrogen fuel cell system which are used for supplying power to the motor, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a reactor and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks detachably arranged on one side of the tractor body, the hydrogen storage tanks are communicated with the reactor, and the power lithium battery pack is respectively electrically connected with the reactor and the motor; and a gap for accommodating the reactor is arranged between the vehicle body and the cab.
Further, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further comprises an electrical assembly arranged on the tractor body, and the electrical assembly is electrically connected with the reactor and the motor respectively.
Further, the electric assembly comprises a boost DC-DC converter and an inverter which are connected in series, wherein the input end of the boost DC-DC converter is electrically connected with the reactor, the output end of the boost DC-DC converter is electrically connected with the input end of the inverter, the output end of the inverter is electrically connected with the motor, and the power lithium battery pack is electrically connected with the output end of the boost DC-DC converter and the input end of the inverter respectively.
Further, the electrical assembly further comprises auxiliary equipment, the auxiliary equipment is connected with the power lithium battery pack and/or the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the auxiliary equipment is used for input power supply and output power supply.
Furthermore, the auxiliary equipment comprises a charging input port and a power supply output port, the charging input port is used for supplying power for the power lithium battery pack, and the power supply output port is used for supplying power for external equipment.
Further, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further comprises a control box arranged on the other side of the tractor body, the electric assembly is arranged in the control box, and an getting-on pedal is arranged on one side of the control box.
Further, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a radiator for cooling the reactor.
Further, the hydrogen storage tanks are arranged on one side of the vehicle body through brackets.
Furthermore, the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the reactor through a first pipeline, and a first valve for controlling the on-off of the first pipeline is arranged on the first pipeline.
Furthermore, a second pipeline communicated with the outside is further arranged on the reactor, and a second valve for controlling the on-off of the second pipeline is arranged on the second pipeline.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
according to the utility model, the reactor and the hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen fuel cell system are respectively installed, the arrangement space of the hydrogen storage tank is increased, and the hydrogen storage amount is increased to the maximum extent, so that the endurance mileage of the vehicle is improved, the reactor is arranged below the cab to form a protection effect on the reactor, various safety problems such as damage caused by the influence of external factors of hands are avoided, and the safety of the vehicle is improved; in addition, the hydrogen fuel cell system and the power lithium battery pack are all intensively arranged on the tractor head, so that when the trailer is pulled in the later period of the tractor head, the circuit and the pipeline for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell system and the power lithium battery pack are not required to be arranged on the trailer and the tractor head, the circuit and the pipeline which are connected are not required to be detached when the trailer is separated and replaced, and the trailer is convenient to detach and replace.
Compared with the traditional fuel oil tractor, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor disclosed by the utility model generates electric energy through the hydrogen fuel cell system, then transmits the generated electric energy to the motor, and utilizes the motor to drive the tractor head to move, so that the advantages of high energy conversion rate, energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved, firstly, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor only discharges water, secondly, the hydrogen fuel cell does not have mechanical parts such as a piston or a turbine and intermediate links, does not undergo a heat engine process, and is not limited by heat cycle (Carnot cycle), so that the energy conversion efficiency is extremely high and is more than 2 times of the heat efficiency of a common internal combustion engine; in addition, the hydrogenation time is short, the driving range is long, and the operation efficiency of the tractor is greatly improved; the fuel cell belongs to a static energy conversion device, and has no other moving parts except an air compressor and a cooling system, so compared with an internal combustion engine tractor, the fuel cell gets rid of the rolling of a motor, and has less noise and vibration in the operation process.
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model:
fig. 1 is a front view of a hydrogen fuel cell tractor in an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a rear view of the hydrogen fuel cell tractor in the embodiment;
fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of the hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
For a fuller understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken together with the accompanying drawings; it should be noted that, if "first" or "second" is described in the text, it is used to distinguish different components, and the like, and does not represent the order of precedence, and does not limit "first" and "second" to be different types.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor shown in this embodiment includes a tractor head 1, the tractor head 1 includes a vehicle body 101 and a cab 100 disposed at an upper end of the vehicle body 101, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further includes a motor 3 disposed on the vehicle body 101 and configured to drive the vehicle body 101 to move, and a power lithium battery pack 9 and a hydrogen fuel cell system for supplying power to the motor 3, the power lithium battery pack 9 is disposed at the upper end of the vehicle body 101, the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a reactor 4 and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 5 detachably disposed at one side of the vehicle body 101, the hydrogen storage tanks 5 are communicated with the reactor 4 and supply hydrogen to the reactor 4, and the power lithium battery pack 9 is electrically connected with the reactor 4 and the motor 3 respectively; a gap 102 for accommodating the reactor 4 is provided between the vehicle body 101 and the cab 100. In the above, the reactor and the hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen fuel cell system are respectively installed, the arrangement space of the hydrogen storage tank is increased, and the hydrogen storage amount is increased to the maximum extent, so that the cruising range of the vehicle is improved, the reactor is arranged below the cab to form a protection effect on the reactor, various safety problems such as damage caused by the influence of external factors of hands are avoided, and the safety of the reactor is improved; in addition, the hydrogen fuel cell system and the power lithium battery pack are both arranged on the tractor head in a centralized manner, so that when the trailer is pulled at the later stage of the tractor head, the circuit and the pipeline for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell system and the power lithium battery pack are not required to be arranged on the trailer and the tractor head, and the connected circuit and the pipeline are not required to be separated when the trailer is separated and replaced, so that the trailer is convenient to disassemble and replace; compared with the traditional fuel tractor, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor generates electric energy through the hydrogen fuel cell system, then sequentially transmits the generated electric energy to the power lithium battery pack and the motor, utilizes the motor to drive the tractor head to move, and has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, energy conservation and environmental protection.
In the embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further comprises a control box 6 arranged at the other side of the vehicle body 101 and electrical components arranged in the control box 6, wherein the control box 6 and the hydrogen storage tank 5 are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle body 101 (as shown in fig. 3), so that the hydrogen storage tanks are arranged in a maximized multi-arrangement mode, the electrical components comprise a boost DC-DC converter 7 and an inverter 8 which are connected in series, the input end of the boost DC-DC converter 7 is electrically connected with the reactor 4, the output end of the boost DC-DC converter 7 is electrically connected with the input end of the inverter 8, the output end of the inverter 8 is electrically connected with the motor 3, and the power lithium battery pack 9 is respectively electrically connected with the output end of the boost DC-DC converter 7 and the input end of the inverter 8; specifically, the hydrogen fuel cell system generates electric energy through a chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, on one hand, 12/24V direct current is output, on the other hand, the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system is transmitted to the power lithium battery pack 9 for storage through the boosting DC-DC converter, the electric energy is prevented from being wasted, the electric energy is converted into alternating current through the inverter and transmitted to the motor, and the motor drives the traction vehicle head to move; the electric quantity stored in the power lithium battery pack 9 can be used as a power supply source and can be used emergently when the hydrogen fuel battery system is short of raw materials or has other faults without reaction, so that the hydrogen fuel battery tractor is provided with two combined power supply systems, and the power supply reliability is improved; therefore, the motor can be connected with the driving wheel on the traction headstock through the transmission shaft, so as to drive the traction headstock to move.
Specifically, a boarding pedal 61 is arranged on one side of the control box 6, so that people can get on or off the vehicle conveniently.
In this embodiment, the electrical assembly further includes an auxiliary device 10, the auxiliary device 10 is connected to the power lithium battery pack 9 and the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the auxiliary device 10 is used for input power supply and output power supply; specifically, auxiliary assembly 10 includes input port 17 and power supply output port 18 of charging, and the input port of charging is used for supplying power for power lithium cell group 9 and/or hydrogen fuel cell system, can charge for power lithium cell group 9 through external power source, makes it form the gas and charge dual-purpose car, and the output port of supplying power is used for supplying power for external equipment to the diversified use of hydrogen fuel cell tractor is convenient for.
Specifically, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes a radiator 11 for cooling the reactor 4.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank 5 is arranged on one side of the vehicle body 101 through the bracket 12, which facilitates the detachment and installation of the hydrogen storage tank.
In the embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank 5 is communicated with the reactor 4 through a first pipeline 13, and the first pipeline 13 is provided with a first valve 14 for controlling the on-off of the first pipeline 13; the reactor 4 is also provided with a second pipeline 15 communicated with the outside, and the second pipeline 15 is provided with a second valve 16 for controlling the on-off of the second pipeline; the valves are used for controlling the on-off of the two pipelines, the working state of the hydrogen fuel cell power supply system is conveniently controlled, and hydrogen and air are respectively supplied to the reactor through the first pipeline and the second pipeline, so that chemical reaction is carried out to generate electric energy.
According to the hydrogen fuel cell tractor, the combination mode of the hydrogen fuel cell system and the power lithium battery pack is adopted for energy transmission, the power lithium battery pack with high multiplying power is equipped, the power system of the tractor controls the power lithium battery pack to output power by detecting the required output power of the motor, so that the output power of the power lithium battery pack is always consistent with the required load power, and then the power lithium battery pack is supplemented by the hydrogen fuel cell system; the hydrogen fuel cell system is provided with a hydrogen storage tank with a certain volume, stores hydrogen required by the hydrogen fuel cell system during working, inputs hydrogen and oxygen into a reactor in a fuel cell pack during working, generates chemical reaction to generate electric energy, transmits the electric energy into a power lithium cell pack through a boosting DC-DC converter, and stores the electric energy in the power lithium cell pack and then drives a motor to work.
In other embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further includes a controller (not shown in the figures), the controller includes a complete vehicle power assembly controller and a sub-controller, and the complete vehicle power assembly controller and the sub-controller cooperatively control the energy output of the tractor, so that the tractor can stably and reliably operate under different working conditions. The sub-controllers include a hydrogen fuel cell system controller, a lithium battery controller, a motor controller and an electrical accessory controller. The hydrogen fuel cell controller is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell system to control the generation and output of electric energy of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and when the electric quantity stored in the power lithium battery pack is lower than a set value, the hydrogen fuel cell system controller controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to work to generate electric energy and supplies and inputs the generated electric energy to the power lithium battery pack through the boosting DC-DC converter. The lithium battery controller is connected with the power lithium battery pack to control the input and output of electric energy, so that the power lithium battery pack can be stably and reliably charged and output electric quantity; the motor controller is connected with the motor to control the working state of the motor, so that the motor can stably and reliably work under complex working conditions; the electric accessory controller is used for controlling the working state of the whole vehicle electronic accessories, wherein the whole vehicle electronic accessories comprise an air conditioner, a headlamp, a warning lamp, a multimedia control system, a radiator, a valve and the like.
In other embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell tractor further includes a kinetic energy recovery device (not shown in the figures), and the kinetic energy recovery device is used for recovering kinetic energy during braking of the tractor, so that inertia of the tractor can be effectively utilized for energy recovery during heavy-load braking, and the energy utilization rate of the tractor is improved. Specifically, kinetic energy recovery unit's one end is connected with the motor, and the other end is connected with power lithium cell group, and when the tractor brake, energy repayment through brake drum consumption in the past is organized to power lithium cell, through power lithium cell group recovery storage back, can reduce the energy consumption of tractor on the one hand, on the other hand still reducible brake drum loss. More energy generated by the negative torque of the motor can be recovered to the power lithium battery pack during braking, so that the aims of saving energy and reducing the loss of the brake pad are fulfilled.
The operation mode of the hydrogen fuel cell tractor in each of the above embodiments is as follows:
in the first mode, the pure lithium battery outputs an electric driving mode, electric energy is output through the power lithium battery pack and then is input into the motor through the inverter, and the motor drives the vehicle body to move.
And in the second mode, the hydrogen fuel cell system is in an output mode, the hydrogen fuel cell system is provided with a reactor and a hydrogen storage tank, when the hydrogen fuel cell system works, hydrogen and oxygen are input into the reactor, chemical reaction is carried out to generate electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted to the power lithium battery pack through the boosting DC-DC converter, and then the vehicle body is driven to move by using the first mode.
And in the third mode, along with the power control mode, the required output power of the tractor is calculated by the whole vehicle power assembly controller, the required power is sent to the power lithium battery pack, the power lithium battery pack conducts electric energy accurately along with corresponding power change, and the energy utilization efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell tractor is improved.
And in the fourth braking energy recovery mode, when the tractor brakes, energy consumed by the brake drum is fed back to the power lithium battery pack through the kinetic energy recovery device and is stored by the power lithium battery pack, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the loss of the brake drum is reduced.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrogen fuel cell tractor comprises a tractor head, wherein the tractor head comprises a tractor body and a cab arranged at the upper end of the tractor body, and the hydrogen fuel cell tractor is characterized by further comprising a motor arranged on the tractor body and used for driving the tractor body to move, and a power lithium battery pack and a hydrogen fuel cell system which supply power to the motor, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a reactor and a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks detachably arranged on one side of the tractor body, the hydrogen storage tanks are communicated with the reactor, and the power lithium battery pack is respectively electrically connected with the reactor and the motor; and a gap for accommodating the reactor is arranged between the vehicle body and the cab.
2. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to claim 1, further comprising electrical components provided on the vehicle body, the electrical components being electrically connected to the reactor and the motor, respectively.
3. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor of claim 2, wherein the electrical assembly comprises a boost DC-DC converter and an inverter in series, an input of the boost DC-DC converter being electrically connected to the reactor, an output of the boost DC-DC converter being electrically connected to an input of the inverter, an output of the inverter being electrically connected to the motor, and the power lithium battery pack being electrically connected to an output of the boost DC-DC converter and an input of the inverter, respectively.
4. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor of claim 3, wherein the electrical assembly further comprises auxiliary equipment connected to the power lithium battery pack and/or hydrogen fuel cell system, the auxiliary equipment being used for input and output power.
5. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor of claim 4, wherein the auxiliary equipment comprises a charging input port for powering the power lithium battery pack and a power output port for powering external equipment.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to claim 5, further comprising a control box provided on the other side of the vehicle body, wherein the electrical component is provided in the control box, and a boarding pedal is provided on one side of the control box.
7. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a radiator for cooling the reactor.
8. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to claim 7, wherein the hydrogen storage tanks are arranged on one side of the vehicle body by a bracket.
9. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the reactor through a first pipeline, and a first valve for controlling the on-off of the first pipeline is arranged on the first pipeline.
10. The hydrogen fuel cell tractor according to claim 9, wherein a second pipeline is provided on the reactor and communicates with the outside, and a second valve is provided on the second pipeline for controlling on/off of the second pipeline.
CN202121612569.5U 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Hydrogen fuel cell tractor Active CN215553625U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202121612569.5U CN215553625U (en) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Hydrogen fuel cell tractor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202121612569.5U CN215553625U (en) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Hydrogen fuel cell tractor

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CN202121612569.5U Active CN215553625U (en) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Hydrogen fuel cell tractor

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114347810A (en) * 2022-03-17 2022-04-15 杭叉集团股份有限公司 Distributed architecture hydrogen fuel cell forklift
WO2024004913A1 (en) * 2022-06-28 2024-01-04 株式会社クボタ Work vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114347810A (en) * 2022-03-17 2022-04-15 杭叉集团股份有限公司 Distributed architecture hydrogen fuel cell forklift
WO2024004913A1 (en) * 2022-06-28 2024-01-04 株式会社クボタ Work vehicle

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