CN215552339U

CN215552339U - Four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and four-wheel-drive telescopic boom forklift truck steering drive axle

Info

Publication number: CN215552339U
Application number: CN202121133011.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜昊良
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-05-25
Filing date: 2021-05-25
Publication date: 2022-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and a steering drive axle of a four-wheel-drive telescopic forklift truck, which comprise an axle shell, a differential assembly and a steering output gear assembly, the differential mechanism assembly is connected with one end of a main half-reducing shaft, the other end of the main half-reducing shaft is connected with a first steering output gear arranged on a first steering output gear assembly, the first steering output gear is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a second steering output gear, the second steering output gear is connected with one end of a first steering output half shaft arranged on the half shaft assembly, the other end of the first steering output half shaft is connected with a third steering output gear, the third steering output gear is in 90-degree meshing connection with a fourth steering output gear, the fourth steering output gear is provided with a wheel side reduction half shaft, the end part of the wheel side reduction half shaft is connected with the wheel side reduction assembly, and the wheel side reduction assembly is connected with a tire through a wheel side reduction shell arranged outside; the large-modulus bevel gear transmission structure is adopted to realize the belt drive of the rear axle of the forklift, and the steering angle is larger than 60 degrees.

Description

Four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and four-wheel-drive telescopic boom forklift truck steering drive axle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of axles, in particular to a four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and a four-wheel-drive telescopic boom forklift steering drive axle.

Background

The common forklift only has a front drive, and the four-wheel drive off-road forklift running on a muddy road is easy to sink into muddy ground and only can work indoors or on a hard road, most of the four-wheel drive off-road forklifts on the market are of an articulated type modified by a loader, the steering angle is too large, the size is large, the four-wheel drive off-road forklifts cannot flexibly steer and work in a narrow space like the common forklift, some manufacturers use a bridge of a wheel excavator to serve as the four-wheel drive off-road forklift, the bridge of the wheel excavator is of a ball cage structure and is mainly used for high-speed vehicles, the maximum steering angle can only reach 30 degrees, so the four-wheel drive off-road forklift can only be designed into four-wheel steering, and the four-wheel steering has the defects that the front axle and the rear axle are difficult to steer synchronously, and four wheels are required to be adjusted to be synchronized after working for a period of time, and are very troublesome. Therefore, a large-angle steering drive axle is urgently needed to be designed to solve the problems that the existing four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift is too large in turning radius, inflexible in steering and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and a four-wheel-drive telescopic-arm forklift truck steering drive axle.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows: a four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and a four-wheel-drive telescopic-arm forklift truck steering drive axle comprise an axle shell, a differential assembly, a steering axle inner support, a steering output gear assembly, a half axle assembly, a lower gland, a front gland, a steering oil cylinder, a front shell, a steering pull rod, an axle swinging support, a steering oil cylinder protecting frame and a wheel side speed reduction assembly, wherein the differential assembly is connected with one end of a main half-reducing shaft, the other end of the main half-reducing shaft is connected with a first steering output gear arranged on the steering output gear assembly, the first steering output gear is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a second steering output gear, the second steering output gear is connected with one end of a steering output half axle arranged on the half axle assembly, the other end of the steering output half axle is connected with a third steering output gear, the third steering output gear is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a fourth steering output gear, the fourth steering output gear is provided with a wheel side speed reduction half axle, the end part of the wheel side speed reducing half shaft is connected with a wheel side speed reducing assembly, the wheel side speed reducing assembly is connected with a tire through a wheel side speed reducing shell arranged outside, and the wheel side speed reducing assembly is used for driving the tire to run and steering in a large angle through the differential mechanism assembly, the half shaft assembly, the steering output gear assembly and the wheel side speed reducing assembly.

The steering output gear assembly is provided with a first steering output gear, a second steering output gear, a third steering output gear and a fourth steering output gear which all adopt large-modulus bevel gears, a spline groove is formed in the middle of each steering output gear, half shafts related to the steering output gear are inserted into the spline grooves, each group of meshed gear sets are provided with an independent supporting bearing and an oil seal, each group of half shafts are connected to form a related gear set to transmit power, a modularized body is formed, and each group of modules can be detached independently, so that later maintenance and repair are facilitated.

Specifically, two ends of the axle shell are connected with an inner steering axle support, a first steering output gear and a second steering output gear are arranged in the inner steering axle support, an oil-free composite sleeve is arranged in a sleeve hole at the upper end of a steering support and is rotationally and pokedly connected with the upper shaft end of the inner steering axle support, and is provided with an end cover, the lower end of the steering bracket is connected with the upper part of the front shell, the lower shaft end of the support seat in the steering axle is rotationally and toggle connected with the middle end of the front shell, and is equipped with an oil-free composite sleeve, a steering output gear III and a steering output gear IV are arranged in the front machine shell, a steering output half shaft is inserted and connected with a steering output gear II and a steering output gear III, the lower end of the front machine shell is connected with a lower pressure cover, a support bearing is arranged in the lower pressure cover, the support bearing is used for providing support and oil storage lubrication for the steering output gear III and the steering output gear IV, and the support bearing is fixed inside the axle shell through the bearing fastening nut.

The side of the steering support is connected with the hub reduction shell, a front gland is arranged on one side of the steering support and connected with the outer end of the front shell, a supporting bearing and an oil seal are arranged inside and outside the front gland, support is provided for the hub reduction assembly, one end of a hub reduction half shaft is connected with a steering output gear IV, the other end of the hub reduction half shaft is connected with the hub reduction assembly, and the hub reduction half shaft is inserted between the steering output gear IV and the hub reduction assembly and used for providing power for the hub reduction assembly.

The steering support is arranged at the two ends of the axle shell, the steering support is internally mounted at the upper shaft end of a support seat in a steering axle, the lower shaft end of the support seat in the steering axle is connected with the middle end of a front shell, the lower part of the steering support is connected with the front shell, the lower end of the front shell is connected with a lower pressing cover, the lower pressing cover is connected with a steering pull rod through a steering support frame, the steering pull rod is connected with a steering oil cylinder, and the rear part of the steering oil cylinder is connected to the axle shell through an oil cylinder support frame on the shell.

Specifically, a steering cylinder protection frame is arranged outside the steering cylinder and on the axle shell and used for preventing a piston rod of the steering cylinder from being collided with by external force when the piston rod of the steering cylinder stretches out and draws back.

Specifically, an axle swinging support is mounted outside the axle housing and fixed on the axle housing through a swinging support fixing bolt.

Specifically, the differential assembly is connected with a main reducing half shaft through two ends of a differential gear assembly respectively and used for power transmission.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the steering drive axle designed by the utility model is a large-angle steering drive axle such as a four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift, a four-wheel-drive telescopic arm forklift and the like, the steering angle is more than 60 degrees, the steering drive axle can rotate in situ like a common front-wheel-drive forklift, a large-modulus bevel gear transmission structure is adopted, the power is transmitted and the large-angle rotation is realized at the same time, so that the large-angle steering is finished without damaging the output power, and simultaneously, each steering output gear is made into gears with different tooth numbers according to the speed ratio, so that the requirements of different vehicles on the speed ratio of the front axle and the rear axle are met; the designed steering oil cylinder protective frame avoids the collision between a sharp object on the ground and the steering oil cylinder shaft in the cross-country process of the vehicle, and greatly prolongs the service life of the axle; the designed axle swinging bracket is more convenient to install an axle and simultaneously meets the space requirement of large-angle steering, and the perfect fit between the tire on the uneven road surface when the vehicle runs and the ground is met; the axle of design adopts wheel limit reduction gears, also can not install the wheel limit reduction assembly simultaneously and satisfy the demand of different motorcycle types to axle output torque, optimized the spatial structure of every part, makes whole axle more small and exquisite, compact, and perfect adaptation cross-country fork truck, flexible arm forklift truck etc. have the machines of requirement to installation space.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a four-wheel drive fork lift truck and a four-wheel drive telescopic boom truck steer axle.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a four-wheel drive fork lift truck and four-wheel drive telescopic boom truck steer axle.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a right turn view of a four-wheel drive fork lift truck and four-wheel drive telescopic boom truck steer axle mounted tires.

FIG. 5 is a left turn view of a four-wheel drive fork lift truck and four-wheel drive telescopic boom truck steer axle mounted tires.

In the figure: 0-axle housing; 1-a differential assembly; 2-steering axle inner support; 3-a steering bracket; 4-pressing the cover; 5-a steering oil cylinder; 6-front shell; 7-wheel reduction shell; 8-a steering tie rod; 9-axle rocker bracket; 10-swing bracket fixing bolt; 11-steering cylinder protection frame; 12-front gland; 13-a differential gear assembly; 14-main reducing half shaft; 15-steering output gear one; 16-steering output gear two; 17-steering output half shaft; 18-steering output gear three; 19-steering output gear four; 20-wheel reduction half shaft; 21-a wheel-side deceleration assembly; 22-a support bearing; 23-bearing fastening nut.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail in the following clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-5, a four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and a four-wheel-drive telescopic forklift steering drive axle comprise an axle housing 0, a differential assembly 1, a steering axle inner support 2, a steering support 3, a steering output gear assembly, a half axle assembly, a lower press cover 4, a front press cover 12, a steering oil cylinder 5, a front housing 6, a steering pull rod 8, an axle swing support 9, a steering oil cylinder guard 11, a wheel reduction assembly 21, a steering output gear one 15, a steering output gear two 16, a steering output gear three 18 and a steering output gear four 19, wherein the steering output gear assembly is provided with a main reduction half axle 14, a steering output half axle 17 and a wheel reduction half axle 20.

The two ends of the axle shell 0 are connected with a steering axle inner support 2, a steering output gear I15 and a steering output gear II 16 are arranged in the steering axle inner support 2, an oil-free composite sleeve is arranged in a sleeve hole at the upper end of a steering support 3 and is rotationally and pokingly connected with the upper shaft end of the steering axle inner support 2, an end cover is arranged, the lower end of the steering support 3 is connected with the upper part of a front shell 6, the lower shaft end of the steering axle inner support 2 is rotationally and pokingly connected with the middle end of a front shell 6 and is provided with an oil-free composite sleeve, a steering output gear III 18 and a steering output gear IV 19 are arranged in the front shell 6, a steering output half shaft 17 is penetratingly connected with the steering output gear II 16 and the steering output gear III 18, the lower end of the front shell 6 is connected with a lower press cover 4, a support bearing 22 is arranged in the lower press cover 4 and is used for providing support and oil storage lubrication for the steering output gear III 18 and the steering output gear IV 19, the front shell 6 is connected with a front press cover 12, the front gland 12 is internally and externally provided with a support bearing 11 and an oil seal to support a wheel reduction assembly 21, one end of a wheel reduction half shaft 20 is connected with a steering output gear four 19, the other end of the wheel reduction half shaft is connected with the wheel reduction assembly 21, and the wheel reduction half shaft 14 is inserted between the steering output gear four 19 and the wheel reduction assembly 21 to provide power for the wheel reduction assembly 21. The lower gland 4 is provided with a steering support 3 which is connected with a steering oil cylinder 5 through a steering pull rod 8, the rear part of the steering oil cylinder 5 is connected on the axle shell 0, and a steering oil cylinder protective frame 11 is connected with the axle shell 0 to protect an oil cylinder piston rod from being collided by external force when the oil cylinder piston rod stretches. The support bearings 22 are each fixed inside the axle housing 0 by means of a bearing fastening nut 23.

The two ends of the axle housing 0 are both connected with steering supports 3, the steering supports 3 are internally mounted at the upper shaft ends of the inner supports 2 of the steering axle, the lower shaft ends of the inner supports 2 of the steering axle are connected with the middle end of a front casing 6, the lower parts of the steering supports 3 are connected with the front casing 6, the lower end of the front casing 6 is connected with a lower pressing cover 4, the lower pressing cover 4 is connected with a steering pull rod 8 through a steering support frame, the steering pull rod 8 is connected with a steering oil cylinder 5, and the rear part of the steering oil cylinder 5 is connected onto the axle housing 0 through an oil cylinder support frame on the housing 0.

The differential assembly 1 is arranged in the axle housing 0, the axle swinging bracket 9 is arranged outside the differential assembly 1, and the axle swinging bracket 9 is fixed on the axle housing 0 through a swinging bracket fixing bolt 10. The differential assembly 1 is connected with a main reducing half shaft 14 through two ends of a differential gear assembly 13 respectively for power transmission, and drives the main reducing half shaft 14 to rotate. The other end of the main reducing half shaft 14 is connected with a first steering output gear 15, the first steering output gear 15 is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a second steering output gear 16, the second steering output gear 16 is connected with one end of a first steering output half shaft 17, the other end of the first steering output half shaft 17 is connected with a third steering output gear 18, the third steering output gear 18 is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a fourth steering output gear 19, the fourth steering output gear 19 is provided with a wheel edge reducing half shaft 20, the end part of the wheel edge reducing half shaft 20 is connected with a wheel edge reducing assembly 21, the wheel edge reducing assembly 21 is connected with a tire through a wheel edge reducing shell 7 arranged outside, power is used for being transmitted to the tire through the differential assembly 1, the half shaft assembly, the steering output gear assembly and the wheel edge reducing assembly 21, and driving of running of the tire and large-angle steering is achieved. The axle adopts the wheel edge speed reducing mechanism, constructs the space of having optimized between the part simultaneously, makes whole axle small and exquisite, compact, perfect adaptation cross-country fork truck, flexible arm forklift truck etc. have the machines that require to the installation space.

The steering output gear assemblies all adopt large-modulus bevel gears, a spline groove is formed in the middle of each steering output gear, the associated half shafts of the steering output gear assemblies are inserted into the spline grooves, each group of gear sets is provided with an independent supporting bearing and an oil seal, each group of half shafts are connected with the associated gear sets to transmit power, a modularized individual body is formed, and each group of modules can be detached independently so as to facilitate later maintenance and repair.

The differential assembly 1 is respectively connected with a main reducing half shaft 14 through two ends of a differential gear assembly 13 for power transmission and drives the main reducing half shaft 14 to rotate, the tail ends of the two main reducing half shafts 14 are respectively provided with a first steering output gear 15, the first steering output gear 15 is meshed with a second steering output gear 16, the second steering output gear 16 is arranged on a steering output half shaft 17, the third steering output gear 18 is further connected on the steering output half shaft 17, the third steering output gear 18 is meshed with a fourth steering output gear 19, the fourth steering output gear 19 is arranged on a wheel side reducing half shaft 20, the end part of the wheel side reducing half shaft 20 is provided with a wheel side reducing assembly 21, the wheel side reducing assembly 21 is connected with a tire through a wheel side reducing shell 7 arranged outside and used for driving the tire to run and turn through shaft and gear transmission by the differential 2.

Because the first steering output gear 15 is meshed with the second steering output gear 16 through a gear 90 degree, the third steering output gear 18 is meshed with the fourth steering output gear 19 through a gear 90 degree, the power is transmitted while infinite rotation is achieved, the steering angle is larger than 60 degrees, the steering output gear can rotate in situ with a common forklift, large-angle steering is achieved while power is output without damage, meanwhile, each steering output gear is made into gears with different tooth numbers according to the speed ratio, the requirements of different vehicles on the speed ratio of a front axle and a rear axle are met, and a plurality of steering axles in the market cannot achieve the purpose.

A steering cylinder protection frame 11 is mounted outside the steering cylinder 5 and on the axle housing 0 for protecting the steering cylinder 5. The collision between the sharp objects (such as stones) on the ground and the steering cylinder shaft in the cross-country process of the vehicle is avoided, and the service life of the axle is greatly prolonged.

An axle swinging bracket 9 is arranged outside the differential 1, and the axle swinging bracket 9 is fixed on the axle housing 0 through a swinging bracket fixing bolt 10. The vehicle axle is more convenient to install, the space requirement of large-angle steering is met, and perfect fitting between the tire on the uneven road surface and the ground when the vehicle runs is met.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention, which is similar or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention.

The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims

1. A four-wheel-drive cross-country forklift and a four-wheel-drive telescopic-arm forklift truck steering drive axle are characterized by comprising an axle shell, a differential assembly, a steering axle inner support, a steering output gear assembly, a half axle assembly, a lower pressing cover, a front pressing cover, a steering oil cylinder, a front shell, a steering pull rod, an axle swinging support, a steering oil cylinder protecting frame and a wheel reduction assembly, wherein the differential assembly is connected with one end of a main reducing half axle, the other end of the main reducing half axle is connected with a first steering output gear arranged on the steering output gear assembly, the first steering output gear is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a second steering output gear, the second steering output gear is connected with one end of a steering output half axle arranged on the half axle assembly, the other end of the steering output half axle is connected with a third steering output gear, the third steering output gear is in 90-degree meshing transmission connection with a fourth steering output gear, the fourth steering output gear is provided with a wheel reduction half axle, the end part of the wheel side speed reducing half shaft is connected with a wheel side speed reducing assembly, the wheel side speed reducing assembly is connected with a tire through a wheel side speed reducing shell arranged outside, and the wheel side speed reducing assembly is used for driving the tire to run and steering in a large angle through the differential mechanism assembly, the half shaft assembly, the steering output gear assembly and the wheel side speed reducing assembly.

2. The four-wheel drive forklift and four-wheel drive telescopic forklift steering drive axle according to claim 1, wherein the steering output gear assembly is provided with a first steering output gear, a second steering output gear, a third steering output gear and a fourth steering output gear which all adopt large-modulus bevel gears, a spline groove is formed in the middle of each steering output gear for the associated half shaft to penetrate in the spline groove, each group of meshed gear sets are provided with an independent support bearing and an oil seal, each group of half shafts are connected with the associated gear sets to transmit power to form a modularized individual, and each group of modules can be detached independently so as to facilitate later maintenance.

3. The four-wheel cross country forklift and four-wheel telescopic forklift steering drive axle according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the axle housing are connected with an inner support of the steering axle, a first steering output gear and a second steering output gear are installed in the inner support of the steering axle, an oil-free composite sleeve is installed in a sleeve hole at the upper end of the steering support, the oil-free composite sleeve is rotationally and toggle connected with the upper shaft end of the inner support of the steering axle, an end cover is provided, the lower end of the steering support is connected with the upper part of the front housing, the lower shaft end of the inner support of the steering axle is rotationally and toggle connected with the middle end of the front housing, the oil-free composite sleeve is provided, a third steering output gear and a fourth steering output gear are installed in the front housing, a second steering output gear and a third steering output gear are alternately connected with a third steering output gear, the lower end of the front housing is connected with a lower pressing cover, and a support bearing is installed in the lower pressing cover and is used for providing support and oil storage lubrication for the third steering output gear and the fourth steering output gear, the support bearings are all fixed inside the axle shell through bearing fastening nuts.

4. The four-wheel drive forklift and four-wheel drive telescopic forklift steering drive axle according to claim 3, wherein a front gland is arranged on the side of the steering support side connected with the wheel side speed reducing housing, the front gland is connected with the outer end of the front casing, a support bearing and an oil seal are arranged inside and outside the front gland to support the wheel side speed reducing assembly, one end of the wheel side speed reducing half shaft is connected with the four steering output gear, the other end of the wheel side speed reducing half shaft is connected with the wheel side speed reducing assembly, and the wheel side speed reducing half shaft is inserted between the four steering output gear and the wheel side speed reducing assembly and used for providing power for the wheel side speed reducing assembly.

5. The four-wheel drive forklift and four-wheel drive telescopic forklift steering drive axle according to claim 3, wherein the two ends of the axle housing are both connected with steering brackets, the steering brackets are internally mounted at the upper shaft ends of the inner steering axle brackets, the lower shaft ends of the inner steering axle brackets are connected with the middle end of the front shell, the lower part of the steering brackets is connected with the front shell, the lower end of the front shell is connected with a lower pressing cover, the lower pressing cover is connected with a steering pull rod through a steering support frame, the steering pull rod is connected with a steering oil cylinder, and the rear part of the steering oil cylinder is connected to the axle housing through an oil cylinder support frame on the housing.

6. The four-wheel drive forklift and four-wheel drive telescopic forklift truck steering drive axle according to claim 5, wherein a steering cylinder protecting frame is mounted outside the steering cylinder and on the axle housing, and is used for preventing a piston rod of the steering cylinder from being collided with by external force when the piston rod of the steering cylinder extends and retracts.

7. The four-wheel drive forklift and four-wheel drive telescopic forklift steer drive axle of claim 1, wherein an axle sway bracket is mounted externally to the axle housing, the axle sway bracket being secured to the axle housing by sway bracket fixing bolts.

8. The four-wheel drive forklift and four-wheel drive telescopic boom forklift steering drive axle of claim 1, wherein the differential assembly is connected with a main reducing half shaft through two ends of a differential gear assembly respectively for power transmission.