CN113752748A

CN113752748A - Drive steering axle with large steering angle

Info

Publication number: CN113752748A
Application number: CN202111123527.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 滕克桓
Original assignee: Shandong Bojun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Bojun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2021-09-24
Publication date: 2021-12-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving steering axle with a large steering angle, which comprises a steering axle body, wherein an upper cover is fixedly arranged at the top end of the steering axle body, a cross beam bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the steering axle body, a differential mechanism assembly is arranged in the middle of the steering axle body, a left half shaft and a right half shaft are respectively and transversely arranged on two sides of the differential mechanism assembly, vertical shafts are respectively and vertically arranged at the ends, away from each other, of the left half shaft and the right half shaft, and a left steering square box and a right steering square box are respectively sleeved at the bottoms of the two groups of vertical shafts; the bottom of the crossbeam bottom plate is transversely provided with a steering cylinder, two groups of output ends of the steering cylinder are respectively movably connected with the left steering square box and the right steering square box, and a power shaft is sleeved below the steering axle body. Has the advantages that: through the change of transmission structure, semi-axis and axle are not on same straight line, and the axis of rotation gives power to the semi-axis, and steering cylinder control a steering system rotates and does not receive the interference of axle housing and semi-axis, and the rotation range is nimble convenient to the increase turns to the angle and reduces and turns to the radius.

Description

Drive steering axle with large steering angle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle steering drive, in particular to a driving steering axle with a large steering angle.

Background

The axle uses comparatively more on fork truck rear axle, and fork truck is extensive although the usage, nevertheless has certain requirement to the road conditions, and ordinary fork truck can normally travel on level road surface, meets the muddy complicated road conditions of rainy day and probably can't normally work. There are two main types of steering axles on the market today, one without drive and the other with drive. The axle without driving is characterized in that the turning angle is about 70 degrees, and the small-range inner turning can be realized, but the problem that the wheels slip and sink into puddle due to unpowered driving of the wheels can occur when complex road conditions such as muddy in rainy days occur, and the normal driving cannot be realized.

The turning structure of the common axle with the drive in the market at present is that the differential mechanism is connected with half shafts at two sides, the half shafts are connected with a wheel-side shaft head through a cross shaft to realize the drive, and a steering driving mechanism drives the wheel-side shaft head to rotate by an angle; in addition, the traditional straight line connection, semi-axis direct drive, the rotation receives the interference of axle housing and semi-axis to lead to turning to the defect that angle is little and turn to the radius big.

An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a drive steering axle with a large steering angle, aiming at the problems in the related art, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.

Therefore, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

a driving steering axle with a large steering angle comprises a steering axle body, wherein an upper cover is fixedly arranged at the top end of the steering axle body, a cross beam bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the steering axle body, a differential assembly is arranged in the middle of the steering axle body, a left half shaft and a right half shaft are respectively and transversely arranged on two sides of the differential assembly, vertical shafts are vertically arranged at the ends, away from each other, of the left half shaft and the right half shaft, the bottoms of the two sets of vertical shafts are respectively sleeved with a left steering square box and a right steering square box, one sides of the left steering square box and the right steering square box are respectively connected and provided with a wheel hub, and a wheel-side reducer assembly is sleeved inside the wheel hub; the bottom of crossbeam bottom plate transversely is provided with turns to the jar, turn to two sets of outputs of jar respectively with left side direction square chest and right side direction square chest swing joint, the below cover of steering axle body is equipped with the power shaft, the top of power shaft is provided with the one-level variable speed axle, the top of one-level variable speed axle is provided with the second grade variable speed axle, the one end connection of second grade variable speed axle is provided with differential mechanism assembly, wherein all through gear engagement transmission between power shaft and the one-level variable speed axle and between one-level variable speed axle and the second grade variable speed axle, the bottom of crossbeam bottom plate just is located the below connection that turns to the jar and is provided with the lower carriage, and left side direction square chest and right side direction square chest rotate respectively with the top both sides of lower carriage and be connected.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of power transmission, the differential assembly comprises a star gear and a gear ring which are respectively sleeved on the left half shaft and the right half shaft and are close to one end of each other, a bevel gear is sleeved on one end of the second-stage speed change shaft and is in meshing transmission with the gear ring, bearing seats are sleeved on the two ends of the left half shaft and the right half shaft, the bottom ends of the bearing seats are fixedly connected with the top end of the cross beam bottom plate, and tile covers are arranged at the tops of the bearing seats.

Furthermore, in order to ensure that power is stably transmitted to the wheel hub, a hub reduction shaft is transversely arranged in the middle of the wheel hub, a hub reduction assembly is sleeved at one end of the hub reduction shaft, the other end of the hub reduction shaft is in meshing transmission with the bottom end of the vertical shaft through a hub gear, shaft sleeves are respectively sleeved at the tops of the two groups of vertical shafts and at two sides inside the cross beam bottom plate, and the tops of the two groups of vertical shafts and inside the steering axle body are in meshing transmission with one ends, far away from each other, of the left half shaft and the right half shaft through bevel gears respectively.

Further, in order to facilitate installation of the steering axle body, one end, away from the steering axle body, of the power shaft and the secondary speed changing shaft is sleeved with a sealing end cover, one end, away from the steering axle body, of the primary speed changing shaft and the outer side of the top of the lower support are provided with connectors, one end of each connector is sleeved with a mounting seat, and two ends of the vertical shaft are respectively connected with the shaft sleeve and the two steering square boxes in a rotating mode through bearings.

Furthermore, in order to realize a larger rotation angle of the steering square box and the right steering square box, the top ends of the left steering square box and the right steering square box are fixedly provided with a rotating block outside the middle part of the vertical shaft, and two ends of the steering cylinder are respectively connected with the rotating block in a rotating way.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the leakage of gear oil and further ensure the service life of the gear and the gear shaft, sealing rings are arranged between the upper cover and the steering axle body, between the shaft sleeve and the beam bottom plate and between the sealing end cover and the steering axle body.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) this driving steering axle has solved traditional driving steering axle differential mechanism and semi-axis on a straight line, the big interference of steering angle and can not realize bigger turning angle problem, change through transmission structure, the power input shaft of secondary axle shifts up through gear conduction redirecting and gives differential mechanism, differential mechanism still with semi-axis linear drive, the semi-axis top has bevel gear to down transmit and gives the wheel side gear, turn to jar control a steering system, it does not receive the interference of axle housing and semi-axis to rotate, the rotation range is nimble convenient, thereby increase turns to the angle and diminishes and turns to the radius.

(2) The steering cylinder can move left and right, the maximum rotation angle can reach 78 degrees, so that the normal running of the vehicle on a complex road condition is met, the problem that the existing axle cannot turn at a large angle and turn in a small space can be solved, and the vehicle axle has high practicability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a drive axle having a large steering angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of a large steering angle transaxle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;

FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a large steering angle transaxle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a large steering angle transaxle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a top view of a drive steer axle having a large steering angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a steering axle body; 2. an upper cover; 3. a beam floor; 4. a differential assembly; 5. a left half shaft; 6. a right half shaft; 7. a vertical shaft; 8. a left steering square box; 9. a right steering square box; 10. a hub; 11. a hub reduction gear assembly; 12. a steering cylinder; 13. a power shaft; 14. a primary speed change shaft; 15. a secondary speed change shaft; 16. a lower bracket; 17. a star gear; 18. a ring gear; 19. a helical gear; 20. a bearing seat; 21. a tile cover; 22. a hub reduction shaft; 23. a wheel-side gear; 24. a shaft sleeve; 25. sealing the end cap; 26. a connector; 27. a mounting seat; 28. and (6) rotating the block.

Detailed Description

For further explanation of the various embodiments, the drawings which form a part of the disclosure and which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of operation of the embodiments, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments and advantages of the invention, and, by reference to these figures, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which are not to scale and wherein like reference numerals generally refer to like elements.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a drive steering axle having a large steering angle is provided.

Referring now to the drawings and the detailed description of the invention, a drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-7, includes a steering axle body 1, an upper cover 2 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the steering axle body 1, a cross beam bottom plate 3 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the steering axle body 1, a differential assembly 4 is arranged in the middle of the steering axle body 1, a left half shaft 5 and a right half shaft 6 (the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 6 are both made of round steel 35/40Cr) are respectively and transversely arranged on two sides of the differential assembly 4, vertical shafts 7 are vertically arranged at the ends, away from each other, of the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 6, the bottoms of the two groups of vertical shafts 7 are respectively sleeved with a left steering square box 8 and a right steering square box 9, hubs 10 (model: ZG220-530) are respectively connected to one sides of the left steering square box 8 and the right steering square box 9, and wheel-edge speed reducer assemblies 11 are sleeved in the hubs 10; the bottom end of the beam bottom plate 3 is transversely provided with a steering cylinder 12 (the steering cylinder 12 is connected with a vehicle-mounted hydraulic system, and the steering cylinder 12 is a bidirectional cylinder), two groups of output ends of the steering cylinder 12 are respectively movably connected with a left steering square box 8 and a right steering square box 9, a power shaft 13 is sleeved below the steering axle body 1, a primary speed change shaft 14 is arranged above the power shaft 13, a secondary speed change shaft 15 is arranged above the primary speed change shaft 14, one end of the secondary speed change shaft 15 is connected with a differential assembly 4, wherein the power shaft 13 and the first-stage speed change shaft 14 and the second-stage speed change shaft 15 are in meshing transmission through gears, a lower bracket 16 (made of nodular cast iron) is connected and arranged at the bottom end of the crossbeam bottom plate 3 and below the steering cylinder 12, and the left steering square box 8 and the right steering square box 9 are respectively connected with two sides of the top end of the lower bracket 16 in a rotating way.

By means of the scheme, the driving steering axle solves the problem that the traditional driving steering axle differential and the half axle are on the same straight line, the steering angle is greatly interfered, and larger steering angle cannot be realized; the steering cylinder 12 can move left and right, the maximum rotation angle can reach 78 degrees, so that the normal running of the vehicle on a complex road condition is met, the problems that the existing axle can not turn at a large angle and can not turn in a small space can be solved, and the practicability is high.

In one embodiment, the differential assembly 4 includes a star gear 17 and a gear ring 18 respectively sleeved on one end of the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 6 close to each other, a helical gear 19 is sleeved on one end of the secondary transmission shaft 15, the helical gear 19 is in meshing transmission with the gear ring 18, bearing seats 20 are respectively sleeved on both ends of the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 6 (a tapered roller bearing 30209 is sleeved inside the bearing seat 20), the bottom end of the bearing seat 20 is fixedly connected with the top end of the beam bottom plate 3, and a tile cover 21 (made of a steel plate 30/Q235A) is arranged on the top of the bearing seat 20, wherein the tile cover 21 fixedly connects the bearing seat 20 with a round nut (the model of the round nut is: round nut M85x2, made of a steel plate 16/Q235A), so that the stability of power transmission can be ensured.

In one embodiment, a wheel reduction shaft 22 is transversely arranged in the middle of the wheel hub 10, one end of the wheel reduction shaft 22 is sleeved with a wheel reduction assembly 11, the other end of the wheel reduction shaft 22 is in meshing transmission with the bottom ends of the vertical shafts 7 through a wheel reduction gear 23, shaft sleeves 24 are sleeved on the tops of the two groups of vertical shafts 7 and on two sides inside the cross beam bottom plate 3, and the tops of the two groups of vertical shafts 7 and inside the steering axle body 1 are in meshing transmission with the ends, far away from each other, of the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 6 through helical gears 19 respectively, so that stable transmission of power to the wheel hub 10 can be ensured.

In one embodiment, the end of the power shaft 13 and the end of the second-stage transmission shaft 15 away from the steer axle body 1 are both sleeved with a seal end cap 25, the end of the first-stage transmission shaft 14 away from the steer axle body 1 and the top outer side of the lower bracket 16 are both provided with a connector 26, one end of the connector 26 is both sleeved with a mounting seat 27 (made of steel plate 40/Q235A), and two ends of the vertical shaft 7 are rotatably connected with the shaft sleeve 24 and the two sets of steer square boxes respectively through bearings, so that the steer axle body 1 is convenient to mount.

In one embodiment, the turning blocks 28 are fixedly arranged at the top ends of the left and right steering square boxes 8 and 9 and positioned outside the middle part of the vertical shaft 7, and both ends of the steering cylinder 12 are respectively and rotatably connected with the turning blocks 28.

Through setting up turning block 28, can guarantee to turn to cylinder 12 and drive the rotation of left side direction square chest 8 and right side direction square chest 9, and turning block 28 and turning to cylinder 12 and two sets of triangle stable structure that turn to between the square chest.

In one embodiment, sealing rings are arranged between the upper cover 2 and the steering axle body 1, between the shaft sleeve 24 and the beam bottom plate 3, and between the sealing end cover 25 and the steering axle body 1.

Thus, the leakage of gear oil can be prevented, and the service lives of the gear and the gear shaft are ensured.

For the convenience of understanding the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made on the working principle or the operation mode of the present invention in the practical process.

In practical application, during assembly, gear clearance is adjusted, anaerobic sealant is coated on a sealing surface, after assembly, the two hubs 10 rotate normally without clamping stagnation, the steering cylinder 12 can move left and right, the maximum rotation angle can reach 78 degrees, and after assembly, heavy-load gear oil is filled in the left steering square box 8, the right steering square box 9 and the steering axle body 1;

the vehicle-mounted power is transmitted to a secondary speed change shaft 15 through a power shaft 13, a primary speed change shaft 14 and a plurality of groups of gears, the secondary speed change shaft 15 transmits the power to a left half shaft 5 and a right half shaft 6 through a differential assembly 4, the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 6 transmit the power to a wheel-side speed reduction shaft 22 through a vertical shaft 7 respectively, and the wheel-side speed reduction shaft 22 drives a wheel hub 10 to rotate through a wheel-side speed reducer assembly 11; the pneumatic steering cylinder 12 drives the left steering square box 8-stage right steering square box 9 to rotate in the same direction by a certain angle through the output ends at two sides of the steering cylinder 12 through the rotating block 28, so that the purposes of increasing the steering angle and reducing the steering radius are achieved.

In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme, the driving steering axle solves the problem that the traditional driving steering axle differential and the half axle are on the same straight line, the steering angle is greatly interfered, and larger steering angle cannot be realized, through the change of the transmission structure, the secondary axle power input shaft changes the direction to move upwards to the differential through the conduction of the gear, the differential still linearly transmits with the half axle, the bevel gear downwards transmits to the wheel side gear 23 at the top end of the half axle, the steering cylinder 12 controls the steering system, the rotation is not interfered by the axle housing and the half axle, the rotation amplitude is flexible and convenient, and therefore the steering angle is increased and the steering radius is reduced; the steering cylinder 12 can move left and right, the maximum rotation angle can reach 78 degrees, so that the normal running of the vehicle on a complex road condition is met, the problems that the existing axle can not turn at a large angle and can not turn in a small space can be solved, and the practicability is high.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a drive steering axle that steering angle is big, includes steering axle body (1), and the top of this steering axle body (1) is fixed and is provided with upper cover (2), and the bottom mounting of this steering axle body (1) is provided with crossbeam bottom plate (3), its characterized in that:

a differential assembly (4) is arranged in the middle of the steering axle body (1), a left half shaft (5) and a right half shaft (6) are respectively and transversely arranged on two sides of the differential assembly (4), vertical shafts (7) are respectively and vertically arranged at the ends, away from each other, of the left half shaft (5) and the right half shaft (6), the bottoms of the two groups of vertical shafts (7) are respectively sleeved with a left steering square box (8) and a right steering square box (9), one sides of the left steering square box (8) and the right steering square box (9) are respectively and fixedly connected with a wheel hub (10), and a wheel-side reducer assembly (11) is sleeved in the wheel hub (10);

the bottom of crossbeam bottom plate (3) transversely is provided with turns to jar (12), turn to two sets of outputs of jar (12) respectively with the left side turns to square chest (8) and the right side turns to square chest (9) swing joint, the below cover of steering axle body (1) is equipped with power shaft (13), the top of power shaft (13) is provided with one-level variable speed axle (14), the top of one-level variable speed axle (14) is provided with second grade variable speed axle (15), the one end of second grade variable speed axle (15) is connected and is provided with differential mechanism assembly (4), wherein power shaft (13) with between one-level variable speed axle (14) and one-level variable speed axle (14) with all through gear engagement transmission between second grade variable speed axle (15).

2. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to claim 1, characterized in that a lower bracket (16) is connected to the bottom end of the beam bottom plate (3) and below the steering cylinder (12), and the left steering square box (8) and the right steering square box (9) are respectively connected with two sides of the top end of the lower bracket (16) in a rotating manner.

3. The drive steering axle with large steering angle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the differential assembly (4) comprises a star gear (17) and a gear ring (18) respectively sleeved at one end of the left half shaft (5) and the right half shaft (6) close to each other, and one end of the secondary transmission shaft (15) is sleeved with a bevel gear (19), and the bevel gear (19) is in meshing transmission with the gear ring (18).

4. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle is characterized in that bearing seats (20) are sleeved at two ends of the left half shaft (5) and the right half shaft (6), the bottom ends of the bearing seats (20) are fixedly connected with the top end of the beam bottom plate (3), and tile covers (21) are arranged at the tops of the bearing seats (20).

5. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a wheel-side speed reducing shaft (22) is transversely arranged in the middle of the wheel hub (10), one end of the wheel-side speed reducing shaft (22) is sleeved with the wheel-side speed reducer assembly (11), and the other end of the wheel-side speed reducing shaft (22) is in meshing transmission with the bottom end of the vertical shaft (7) through a wheel-side gear (23).

6. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of two groups of vertical shafts (7) and the two sides inside the cross beam bottom plate (3) are sleeved with shaft sleeves (24), and the top ends of two groups of vertical shafts (7) and the inside of the steering axle body (1) are respectively in meshing transmission with the ends, away from each other, of the left half shaft (5) and the right half shaft (6) through the bevel gear (19).

7. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to claim 6, characterized in that one end of the power shaft (13) and one end of the secondary speed change shaft (15) far away from the steering axle body (1) are both sleeved with a sealing end cover (25), one end of the primary speed change shaft (14) far away from the steering axle body (1) and the top outer side of the lower bracket (16) are both provided with a connector (26), and one end of the connector (26) is both sleeved with a mounting seat (27).

8. The drive steering axle with large steering angle according to claim 6, characterized in that the two ends of the vertical shaft (7) are respectively and rotatably connected with the shaft sleeve (24) and the two steering square boxes through bearings.

9. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotating block (28) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the left steering square box (8) and the right steering square box (9) and outside the middle part of the vertical shaft (7), and two ends of the steering cylinder (12) are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotating block (28).

10. The drive steering axle with a large steering angle according to claim 7, characterized in that sealing rings are arranged between the upper cover (2) and the steering axle body (1), between the shaft sleeve (24) and the beam bottom plate (3) and between the sealing end cover (25) and the steering axle body (1).