CN215527494U

CN215527494U - Operating mechanism of switch

Info

Publication number: CN215527494U
Application number: CN202122241474.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘洪武; 谢心意; 殷乃睿
Original assignee: Changshu Switchgear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Changshu Switchgear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-16
Filing date: 2021-09-16
Publication date: 2022-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-16

Abstract

An operating mechanism of a switch belongs to the technical field of switch electric appliances. The toggle connecting rod is composed of an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod which are hinged with each other, the main spring is hung between the handle assembly and the toggle connecting rod, the lower connecting rod is hinged with the rotating shaft, the handle assembly is driven to act between opening and closing, so that the rotating shaft drives the contact to separate or close, and when the contact is in a closing position, an included angle between the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod is 178.5-181.5 degrees. The advantages are that: in the process of opening the brake, after the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism start to move, the moment of action of the main spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism is always in the direction of opening the brake, so that the operating mechanism is prevented from decelerating in the process of opening the brake, and the ideal brake opening speed can be guaranteed.

Description

Operating mechanism of switch

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of switch electric appliances, and particularly relates to an operating mechanism of a switch.

Background

A typical example of the aforementioned switch is a circuit breaker. In order to minimize the ablation effect of arcing between the contacts of a contact pair on the contacts during switching-on and switching-off operations of the circuit breaker, particularly during normal on-load operation of the circuit, it is generally desirable that the moving contact be able to quickly contact or separate from the stationary contact.

As known in the art, a circuit breaker is opened/closed by operating a handle assembly to change the direction of a moment applied to a four-bar linkage of a structural system of an operating mechanism by a mechanism main spring. In the closing process, the four connecting rods of the structural system of the operating mechanism only act by the main spring, and when the handle assembly is pulled to enable the main spring to act on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism to change the moment to the back, the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism only receive the moment which is applied by the main spring and moves towards the closing direction, so that the closing operation of the circuit breaker is facilitated.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operating mechanism of a switch in a closed state in the prior art. The angle α between the upper link 21 and the lower link 22, which are jointly hinged to the link joint 23, of the structural system of the toggle link 2 is significantly smaller than 180 °, the main spring (not shown in the figures) exerts a clockwise moment on the four links of the operating mechanism, and the contact spring exerts a counterclockwise moment on the force F exerted by the four links of the operating mechanism. The closing direction moment is larger than the opening direction moment, and the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker is in a closing state through limiting. When the circuit breaker is operated to open the brake, the handle assembly is pushed to rotate clockwise, an included angle between the direction of the acting force F3 of the main spring and the hinge point 211 of the upper connecting rod 21 and the hinge point of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod (the rotating center of the connecting rod hinge shaft 23) is reduced, the acting force of the main spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism in the clockwise closing direction is reduced, and when the acting force is reduced to be smaller than the acting moment of the contact spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism in the counterclockwise opening direction, the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism start to move in the opening direction. When the contact is over-traveled, the action torque of the contact spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism in the anticlockwise opening direction disappears, if the action torque of the main spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism is not converted into the anticlockwise opening action direction, the operating mechanism performs deceleration motion at the moment, the opening speed of the circuit breaker is reduced, even more, the movable and static contacts are communicated again, the arc burning time between the movable and static contacts is prolonged, and the ablation risk of the circuit breaker contacts is increased. In view of the foregoing, there is a need for reasonable improvements, and the solutions described below are made in this context.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an operating mechanism of a switch, which can ensure that the acting moment of a main spring on a four-bar linkage of an operating mechanism is always in the opening direction after the four-bar linkage of the operating mechanism starts to move in the opening process, thereby avoiding the deceleration motion in the opening process and ensuring the ideal opening speed.

The task of the utility model is accomplished in such a way that the operating mechanism of the switch comprises a handle component, a toggle connecting rod, a main spring and a rotating shaft, wherein the toggle connecting rod is composed of an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod which are hinged with each other, the main spring is hung between the handle component and the toggle connecting rod, the lower connecting rod is hinged with the rotating shaft, the handle component is driven to act between opening and closing, so that a contact is driven by the rotating shaft to be separated or closed, and when the contact is in a closing position, the included angle between the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod is 178.5-181.5 degrees.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the opposite ends of the upper link and the lower link are commonly hinged to the link hinge shaft, and the main spring is hung on the link hinge shaft.

In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the operating mechanism further comprises a mechanism side plate and an unlocking assembly, the handle assembly and the unlocking assembly are respectively pivoted on the mechanism side plate, and the upper connecting rod is hinged with the unlocking assembly.

In another specific embodiment of the utility model, the unlocking assembly comprises a jump buckle and a lock buckle respectively hinged on the mechanism side plate, and the upper connecting rod is hinged on the jump buckle.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model has the technical effects that the angle of the included angle between the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod of the structural system of the toggle connecting rod is reasonably set to be 178.5-181.5 degrees when the contact is in the closed position, so that the acting torque of the main spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism is always in the opening direction after the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism start to move in the opening process of the switch, the reducing motion of the operating mechanism in the opening process is avoided, and the ideal opening speed is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an operating mechanism of the switch of the present invention in a closed state.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the upper and lower links of the structural architecture of the toggle link in the state shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between an upper link and a lower link in a closed state of an operating mechanism of a switch in the related art.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the switch of the present invention includes an operating mechanism and a contact system, and the switch may be an electrical device having only two positions, i.e., an open position and a closed position, such as a disconnector, etc., or may be a circuit breaker having a trip position in addition to the open and closed positions.

In the aforementioned switch having only two positions, the operating mechanism thereof includes a mechanism side plate 5, a handle assembly 1, a toggle link 2, a main spring 3 and a rotary shaft 4, wherein the toggle link 2 is formed by an upper link 21 and a lower link 22 hinged to each other through a link hinge shaft 23, that is, opposite ends of the upper and

lower links

21, 22 are commonly hinged to the link hinge shaft 23, one end of the upper link 21 is hinged to the mechanism side plate 5, one end of the lower link 22 is hinged to the rotary shaft 4, the handle assembly 1 is pivoted to the mechanism side plate 5, and both ends of the main spring 3 are respectively hung on the handle assembly 1 and the link hinge shaft 23. The driving handle component 1 moves between the opening and closing positions to drive the main spring 3 to store energy, the main spring 3 releases energy after moving past the dead point position, and the connecting rod hinge shaft 23 is pulled to drive the lower connecting rod 22, so that the rotating shaft 4 is driven to rotate, and the moving contact and the static contact of the switch are driven to be separated and closed.

As for the circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 1, in addition to the above components, the operating mechanism can be driven by the handle assembly 1 to perform opening and closing of the contacts, and further includes an unlocking assembly 6, where the unlocking assembly 6 includes a trip buckle 61 and a latch 62 respectively hinged on the mechanism side plate 5, the upper link 21 is hinged on the trip buckle 61, when a circuit where the circuit breaker is located fails, a release inside the circuit breaker operates to trigger the latch 62 to rotate, so that the latch 62 releases the limit relation with the trip buckle 61, the trip buckle 61 is released, the trip buckle 61 rotates, the main spring 3 releases energy to drive the toggle link 2 to operate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, separating the moving and static contacts of the contact system, and the circuit breaker reaches a tripping position to break the circuit.

As shown in fig. 1, the contact system includes a movable contact 7 and a fixed contact, the movable contact 7 is disposed on the rotating shaft 4, and a contact spring 71 is disposed between the movable contact 7 and the rotating shaft 4.

The technical key points of the technical scheme provided by the utility model are as follows: when the contacts are in the closed position, the included angle α between the upper link 21 and the lower link 22 is 180 ± 1.5 °, which is as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. Upper link hinge point 211 of upper link 21 is shown in fig. 2.

When the circuit breaker is in a closing state, when an included angle α between the upper connecting rod 21 and the lower connecting rod 22 in the toggle connecting rod 2 is infinitely close to 180 °, the main spring 3 applies an acting moment in a clockwise closing direction to an operating mechanism four connecting rod (a four-connecting-rod structure formed by connecting four points of an upper connecting rod rotation center, an upper connecting rod hinge point, a lower connecting rod hinge point, a rotating shaft hinge point and a movable and fixed contact position), and a force F, i.e., an acting force (in a double-breakpoint contact system shown in the figure, the resultant force of the reaction forces F1 and F2 of two fixed contacts) applied to the operating mechanism four connecting rods passes through the rotation center, so that the moment is basically not acted. When the circuit breaker carries out the separating brake operation, promote handle assembly 1 clockwise and rotate, along with handle assembly 1's rotation, main spring 3 exerts the moment of action of clockwise closing direction to mechanism four-bar and can reduce gradually, when the moment of action of main spring to mechanism four-bar is become anticlockwise by clockwise, circuit breaker mechanism moves to the separating brake direction, and in whole separating brake motion process, main spring 3 keeps anticlockwise separating brake direction to mechanism moment of action always. The mechanism always maintains the accelerated motion.

Due to the reasons of machining precision and the like, when the connecting rod is in the closed position, the included angle between the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod cannot be guaranteed to be 180 degrees, so that the included angle alpha is set to be 180 degrees +/-1.5 degrees in consideration of the actual machining condition.

In a closing state, when the included angle α is 178.5 ° to 180 °, the main spring 3 applies a closing direction acting moment to the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism, a force F applied by the contact spring 71 to the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism causes the four connecting rods to move in a switching-off direction, and the mechanism is limited by the limiting part to keep a switching-on position. When the circuit breaker is operated to open the brake, the handle assembly 1 is pushed to rotate clockwise, the acting force direction of the main spring acting force F3 gradually approaches the upper connecting rod 21, and the acting torque of the four-connecting-rod closing direction of the operating mechanism is gradually reduced. When the value of the moment is reduced to be smaller than the moment applied by the contact spring 71 to the four connecting rods of the mechanism in the opening direction, the mechanism moves towards the opening direction, and the moment applied by the main spring 3 to the four connecting rods of the mechanism immediately changes into the counterclockwise opening movement direction after the four connecting rods start to move because the included angle of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod is very close to 180 degrees.

In a closing state, when the included angle α is 180 ° to 181.5 °, the main spring 3 applies an action moment in the opening direction to the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism, an action force F, applied by the contact spring 71 to the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism, applies an action moment in the opening direction to the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism, and at the moment, the mechanism is limited by the limiting component to keep the closing position.

When the breaker is opened, the handle assembly 1 is pushed to rotate clockwise, and the moment applied to the four-link opening direction of the operating mechanism by the main spring 3 is gradually reduced. When the acting force direction of the main spring rotates through the upper connecting rod, the acting force direction of the main spring on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism is changed from the opening direction to the closing direction. Because the value of the moment is larger than the moment of the contact spring 71 in the opening direction applied to the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism, the included angle alpha of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod is gradually reduced to 180 degrees, the rotating shaft 4 slightly rotates in the closing direction, when the included angle alpha of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod is reduced to be smaller than 180 degrees, the moment of the main spring 3 acting on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism is changed into the opening direction, the acting direction of the force of the contact spring 71 on the four connecting rods of the operating mechanism is still in the opening direction, the operating mechanism moves in the opening direction, and the mechanism always keeps accelerated movement in the opening process.

In conclusion, the technical scheme provided by the utility model overcomes the defects in the prior art, successfully completes the utility model task and truly realizes the technical effects of the applicant in the technical effect column.

Claims

1. An operating mechanism of a switch comprises a handle assembly (1), a toggle connecting rod (2), a main spring (3) and a rotating shaft (4), wherein the toggle connecting rod (2) is composed of an upper connecting rod (21) and a lower connecting rod (22) which are hinged to each other, the main spring (3) is hung between the handle assembly (1) and the toggle connecting rod (2), the lower connecting rod (22) is hinged to the rotating shaft (4), the handle assembly (1) is driven to act between opening and closing, and therefore the rotating shaft (4) drives a contact to be separated or closed, and the operating mechanism is characterized in that when the contact is in a closed position, an included angle (alpha) between the upper connecting rod (21) and the lower connecting rod (22) is 178.5-181.5 degrees.

2. The operating mechanism of a switch according to claim 1, wherein the opposite ends of the upper link (21) and the lower link (22) are commonly hinged to the link hinge shaft (23), and the main spring (3) is suspended on the link hinge shaft (23).

3. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating mechanism further comprises a mechanism side plate (5) and an unlocking component (6), the handle component (1) and the unlocking component (6) are respectively pivoted on the mechanism side plate (5), and the upper connecting rod (21) is hinged with the unlocking component (6).

4. The operating mechanism of a switch according to claim 3, characterized in that said unlocking assembly (6) comprises a jump button (61) and a catch (62) respectively hinged to the mechanism side plate (5), said upper link (21) being hinged to the jump button (61).