CN215518601U - Rural small-sized river ecological dam - Google Patents
Rural small-sized river ecological dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN215518601U CN215518601U CN202122067863.9U CN202122067863U CN215518601U CN 215518601 U CN215518601 U CN 215518601U CN 202122067863 U CN202122067863 U CN 202122067863U CN 215518601 U CN215518601 U CN 215518601U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a small-sized rural river ecological dam which comprises a dam body and a dam foundation; the dam foundation comprises a foundation bottom plate arranged on the foundation; the length of the base bottom plate along the water flow direction is matched with the width of the bottom of the dam body, two ends of the base bottom plate extend into a river bank, the upstream side and the downstream side of the top surface of the base bottom plate are respectively provided with a convex ridge, and the bottom surface of the base bottom plate is provided with at least two anti-skidding convex tenons along the water flow direction; the dam body comprises a dam body front section, a dam body middle section and a dam body rear section. Aiming at the problem of instability of a dam body of a traditional ecological dam, the dam foundation is poured by concrete, and at least two anti-skidding tenons are arranged on a bottom plate along the water flow direction; the slope surface of the dam body is subjected to slope fixing treatment by adopting an ecological vegetation net, so that the stability of the dam body is enhanced compared with that of the existing structure, and the dam body is not easy to collapse.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of river water body treatment and ecological restoration, in particular to a small-sized river ecological dam in a rural area.
Background
With the emphasis of society on water pollution treatment, point source pollution is effectively restrained, the severity of non-point source pollution is highlighted, the non-point source pollution is treated, the traditional environmental engineering method plays a little role, the treatment cost is huge, and the ecological engineering technology and method are adopted at home and abroad. The ecological dam is an effective technology for treating non-point source pollution evolved from the traditional dam, and is originally used for constructing a preposed reservoir system.
Simply speaking, the ecological dam is constructed by building gravels and gravels in polluted river channels, then plants with water purification function are arranged on the dam, and the sewage is purified to a certain extent by combining the rapid infiltration principle and the constructed wetland principle. At present, the application research of the ecological dam is more in treating rural non-point source pollution, and in a plain area with small hydraulic slope and dense river network, the ecological permeable dam is built by utilizing reservoirs, lakes and rivers to form a preposed reservoir at upstream. The pre-reservoir is characterized in that the reservoir is divided into one or a plurality of sub-reservoirs according to the form of the reservoir and is connected with the main reservoir by utilizing the characteristic of the water quality concentration gradient from the upstream to the downstream of the reservoir, the sedimentation of silt and nutrient salt in water is promoted by prolonging the hydraulic retention time, and meanwhile, the nutrient salt is further absorbed, adsorbed and intercepted by large aquatic plants, algae and the like in the sub-reservoirs, so that the content of the nutrient salt in water entering the next sub-reservoir or the main reservoir is reduced, the excessive propagation of the algae in the main reservoir is inhibited, the eutrophication process is slowed down, and the water quality is improved.
In the preposed reservoir system, the ecological dam controls the seepage speed of water, water is stored upstream, the water level of the upstream water rises to a certain degree, and the upstream water is reduced under the action of physical sedimentation, natural degradation, aquatic organism absorption and microbial degradation due to the increase of the hydraulic retention time, so that the water quality is purified. Besides, the ecological permeable dam can purify water, and the principles for purifying water are physical filtration, plant absorption and microbial degradation.
Because the current research on the ecological dam is less, the ecological dam is not a mature technology in reality, and a plurality of problems such as dam stability, dam purification capacity impact resistance, dam congestion and the like need to be solved urgently in the design and construction process of the ecological dam. The ecological dam is not limited to a form, and can be designed according to specific conditions and requirements and built in different river channels; the ecological dam is not limited to be used in a preposed reservoir system, and can also be used as a water purification facility independently; the ecological dam is not limited to only being built in plain areas, but also is built in mountain areas with good terrain conditions, and the problem of non-point source pollution of rivers in the mountain areas is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model achieves the purpose of expanding the application range of the ecological dam by optimizing the dam body structure and solves the problem of non-point source pollution of small rivers in mountainous areas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a rural small-sized river ecological dam comprises a dam body and a dam foundation;
the dam foundation comprises a foundation bottom plate 1; the length of the base bottom plate 1 along the water flow direction is matched with the width of the bottom of the dam body, two ends of the base bottom plate 1 extend into a river bank, the upper and lower sides of the top surface of the base bottom plate 1 are respectively provided with a convex ridge 2, and the bottom surface of the base bottom plate 1 is provided with at least two anti-skidding convex tenons 3 along the water flow direction;
the dam body comprises a dam body front section, a dam body middle section and a dam body rear section;
the front section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a front section planting soil layer 4, a front section gravel layer 5, a front section zeolite layer 6 and a front section gravel layer 7 from top to bottom;
the middle section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a middle-section crushed stone layer 8 and a middle-section ceramsite layer 9 from top to bottom;
the rear section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a rear section plant soil layer 10 and a rear section gravel layer 11 from top to bottom.
Furthermore, the height of the dam body is 0.5m, the length of the dam body is consistent with the cross section of the river channel, the width of the top of the dam body is 1.1m, and the width of the dam body is 2.5 m.
Further, the thickness of the front section planting soil layer 4 is 10 cm; the thickness of the front-section gravel layer 5 is 10 cm; the thickness of the front-stage zeolite layer 6 is 20cm, and the thickness of the front-stage crushed stone layer 7 is 20 cm.
Further, the thickness of the middle-section crushed stone layer 8 is 10cm, and the thickness of the middle-section ceramsite layer 9 is 50 cm.
Further, the thickness of the rear-stage plant soil layer is 10 cm; the thickness of the rear-section crushed stone layer 11 is 50 cm.
Further, an ecological vegetation net 12 is arranged on the slope surface of the dam body.
Further, the base bottom plate 1 is provided as a concrete casting structure.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the problem of instability of a dam body of a traditional ecological dam, the dam foundation is poured by concrete, and at least two anti-skidding tenons are arranged on a bottom plate along the water flow direction; the slope surface of the dam body is subjected to slope fixing treatment by adopting an ecological vegetation net, so that the stability of the dam body is enhanced compared with that of the existing structure, and the dam body is not easy to collapse.
According to different requirements of different positions of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the dam body, different filling layers are arranged, so that the stability and the permeability of the dam body are ensured, the water purification and vegetation protection are realized by matching with microorganisms conveniently, and the dam is suitable for small mountainous rivers with small hydraulic slope.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure:
a base bottom plate 1; a convex ridge 2; an anti-slip tenon 3; a front-section planting soil layer 4; a front-stage gravel layer 5; a front stage zeolite layer 6; a front crushed stone layer 7; a middle crushed stone layer 8; a middle section ceramsite layer 9; a posterior plant soil layer 10; a rear-stage crushed stone layer 11; an ecological vegetation net 12.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
As shown in the figure:
example 1:
a rural small-sized river ecological dam comprises a dam body and a dam foundation;
the dam foundation comprises a foundation bottom plate 1; the length of the base bottom plate 1 along the water flow direction is matched with the width of the bottom of the dam body, two ends of the base bottom plate 1 extend into a river bank, the upper and lower sides of the top surface of the base bottom plate 1 are respectively provided with a convex ridge 2, and the bottom surface of the base bottom plate 1 is provided with at least two anti-skidding convex tenons 3 along the water flow direction;
the dam body comprises a dam body front section, a dam body middle section and a dam body rear section;
the front section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a front section planting soil layer 4, a front section gravel layer 5, a front section zeolite layer 6 and a front section gravel layer 7 from top to bottom;
the middle section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a middle-section crushed stone layer 8 and a middle-section ceramsite layer 9 from top to bottom;
the rear section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a rear section plant soil layer 10 and a rear section gravel layer 11 from top to bottom.
Example 2:
on the basis of example 1:
the height of the dam body is 0.5m, the length of the dam body is consistent with the cross section of a river channel, the width of the top of the dam body is 1.1m, and the width of the dam body is 2.5 m.
Example 3:
on the basis of examples 1-2:
the thickness of the front-section planting soil layer 4 is 10 cm; the thickness of the front-section gravel layer 5 is 10 cm; the thickness of the front-stage zeolite layer 6 is 20cm, and the thickness of the front-stage crushed stone layer 7 is 20 cm.
Example 4:
on the basis of examples 1 to 3:
the thickness of the middle-section crushed stone layer 8 is 10cm, and the thickness of the middle-section ceramsite layer 9 is 50 cm.
Example 5:
on the basis of examples 1 to 4:
the thickness of the rear-section plant soil layer is 10 cm; the thickness of the rear-section crushed stone layer 11 is 50 cm.
Example 6:
on the basis of examples 1 to 5:
and an ecological vegetation net 12 is arranged on the slope surface of the dam body.
Example 7:
on the basis of examples 1 to 6:
the base bottom plate 1 is set to be of a concrete pouring structure.
Based on the ecological dam structure, the aquatic organism planting can be increased: by utilizing the segmentation function of the ecological sewage interception dam on the river channel, aquatic plants are planted in the dam body, the water blocking area in front of the dam and the water collecting area among the ecological dams, and the dam body and the ecological sewage interception dam form an ecological sewage interception system. Firstly, a dam planting area: emergent aquatic plants (calamus, arrowhead, Siberian iris, etc.) are planted on the upstream slope of the dam body. A water collection area between a front dam water blocking area and an ecological dam: planting emergent aquatic plants (rhizoma Acori Calami, rhizoma Sagittariae Sagittifoliae, Siberian Iris, etc.) in the region 0.5m from the shore; submerged plants (evergreen dwarf tape grass, hydrilla verticillata and the like) are planted in the middle area of the river.
Aiming at the problem of instability of a dam body of a traditional ecological dam, the dam foundation is poured by concrete, and at least two anti-skidding tenons are arranged on a bottom plate along the water flow direction; the slope surface of the dam body is subjected to slope fixing treatment by adopting an ecological vegetation net, so that the stability of the dam body is enhanced compared with that of the existing structure, and the dam body is not easy to collapse.
According to different requirements of different positions of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the dam body, different filling layers are arranged, so that the stability and the permeability of the dam body are ensured, the water purification and vegetation protection are realized by matching with microorganisms conveniently, and the dam is suitable for small mountainous rivers with small hydraulic slope.
Reference throughout this specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally in this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the utility model to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.
Although the utility model has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A rural small-sized river ecological dam is characterized by comprising a dam body and a dam foundation;
the dam foundation comprises a foundation bottom plate (1); the length of the base bottom plate (1) along the water flow direction is matched with the width of the bottom of the dam body, two ends of the base bottom plate (1) extend into a river bank, the upstream and downstream sides of the top surface of the base bottom plate (1) are respectively provided with a raised ridge (2), and the bottom surface of the base bottom plate (1) is provided with at least two anti-skidding lugs (3) along the water flow direction;
the dam body comprises a dam body front section, a dam body middle section and a dam body rear section;
the front section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a front section planting soil layer (4), a front section gravel layer (5), a front section zeolite layer (6) and a front section gravel layer (7) from top to bottom;
the middle section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a middle section crushed stone layer (8) and a middle section ceramsite layer (9) from top to bottom;
the rear section of the dam body is sequentially provided with a rear section plant soil layer (10) and a rear section gravel layer (11) from top to bottom.
2. The rural small river ecological dam of claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the dam body is 0.5m, the length of the dam body is consistent with the cross section of a river channel, the width of the top of the dam body is 1.1m, and the width of the dam body is 2.5 m.
3. The rural small river ecological dam of claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the front section planting soil layer (4) is 10 cm; the thickness of the front-section gravel layer (5) is 10 cm; the thickness of the front-stage zeolite layer (6) is 20cm, and the thickness of the front-stage crushed stone layer (7) is 20 cm.
4. The rural small river ecological dam of claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the middle-section crushed stone layer (8) is 10cm, and the thickness of the middle-section ceramsite layer (9) is 50 cm.
5. The rural small river ecological dam of claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the rear-section plant soil layer (10) is 10 cm; the thickness of the rear-section crushed stone layer (11) is 50 cm.
6. The rural small river ecological dam of claim 1, characterized in that: and an ecological vegetation net (12) is arranged on the slope surface of the dam body.
7. The rural small river ecological dam of claim 1, characterized in that: the base bottom plate (1) is of a concrete pouring structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122067863.9U CN215518601U (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Rural small-sized river ecological dam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122067863.9U CN215518601U (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Rural small-sized river ecological dam |
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| CN215518601U true CN215518601U (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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| CN202122067863.9U Active CN215518601U (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Rural small-sized river ecological dam |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117569266A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-02-20 | 甘肃省水利厅讨赖河流域水资源利用中心 | Plant sand and stone rolling dam |
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2021
- 2021-08-30 CN CN202122067863.9U patent/CN215518601U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117569266A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-02-20 | 甘肃省水利厅讨赖河流域水资源利用中心 | Plant sand and stone rolling dam |
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