CN215508981U - Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment - Google Patents
Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN215508981U CN215508981U CN202022812308.XU CN202022812308U CN215508981U CN 215508981 U CN215508981 U CN 215508981U CN 202022812308 U CN202022812308 U CN 202022812308U CN 215508981 U CN215508981 U CN 215508981U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- optical fiber
- output
- variable
- spot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Abstract
The utility model discloses a variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment, which consist of a plurality of optical fiber output laser modules, a plurality of collimating lenses, two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometers and flat field focusing lenses, wherein the collimating lenses correspond to the optical fiber output laser modules one by one; the optical axes of the collimating lenses are parallel, and the light output by the corresponding optical fiber output laser module output optical fiber end face is changed into parallel light; by controlling the switch of the optical fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer, 3D printing of variable light spots can be realized. The contradiction between the precision and the efficiency of the selective laser melting technology is solved to a great extent, the efficiency is improved in a multiplied way under the condition that the precision is kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the utility model also provides equipment adopting the variable light spot 3D printing head.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a variable-spot 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment.
Background
The Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology directly manufactures solid parts in a material layer-by-layer accumulation mode, can directly print and form a solid three-dimensional model designed in computer-aided design (CAD) three-dimensional software, and is more convenient and faster compared with the traditional processing technology. The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is one of important technologies in the field of metal AM, a high-energy-density laser is used as a heat source, metal powder is selectively melted by using laser spots, a high-freedom-degree complex metal component can be obtained, high-density parts with the surface roughness of 20-30 microns and the size precision of 20-50 microns are generated, and the high-freedom-degree complex metal component is a high-density part with the surface roughness of 20-30 microns and the size precision of 20-50 microns. The maximum problem of the existing selective laser melting technology cannot solve the contradiction between precision and efficiency. To increase accuracy, a small spot needs to be used, which limits efficiency. Theoretically, this contradiction can be solved to a certain extent by using a zoom print head, but the zoom lens cannot meet the requirement of rapid zooming, and cannot realize a long service life.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head and a 3D laser printing device, which solve the contradiction between the precision and the efficiency of the selective laser melting technology to a great extent, improve the efficiency in a doubling way under the condition that the precision is kept unchanged, and simultaneously provide a device adopting the variable-light-spot 3D printing head.
The utility model provides a variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head, which comprises a plurality of optical fiber output laser modules, collimating lenses corresponding to the optical fiber output laser modules one by one, a two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer and a flat field focusing lens, wherein: the collimating lenses are parallel to each other in optical axis and are used for converting light output by the corresponding output optical fiber end faces of the optical fiber output laser modules into parallel light; the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer is positioned on a parallel light path at the output end of the collimating lens to realize two-dimensional scanning and is used for directing parallel light from the collimating lens to a required position; the flat field focusing lens is arranged on an output optical path of the two-dimensional galvanometer and is used for converging light from the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer to a back focal plane of the flat field focusing lens.
Furthermore, the output optical fiber parameters of all the optical fiber output modules are the same; all the collimating lenses have the same optical parameters; the position of the end face of the output optical fiber of the optical fiber output laser module on the front focal plane of the corresponding collimating lens is arranged, the images of the end face of the output optical fiber on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens are arranged into a line at a certain interval, and the trend of the line is vertical to one scanning direction of the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer; by controlling the power switch of the optical fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer in real time, the printing head can improve the printing speed under the condition of keeping the printing precision.
Furthermore, the optical fiber parameters of the output light of the optical fiber output module are different and are used for forming images with different sizes on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens; the optical parameters of the collimating lenses are different, the end faces of the output optical fibers of the optical fiber output laser modules are arranged on the front focal planes of the corresponding collimating lenses, and the centers of images formed by the end faces of the output optical fibers of the optical fiber output laser modules on the focal planes of the flat field focusing lenses are overlapped; by controlling the power switch of the optical fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer, the printing head can improve the sintering printing speed in the laser scanning process under the condition of keeping the printing precision.
Further, the collimating lens is a zoom lens.
According to the variable-spot 3D laser printing head, another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D laser printing apparatus including the variable-spot 3D laser printing head.
Furthermore, the 3D laser printing equipment also comprises a mechanical unit, wherein the mechanical unit comprises a forming cavity, a forming cylinder and a powder spreading device, the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device are positioned at the bottom of the forming cavity, and the powder spreading device is used for uniformly spreading the powder to be printed on the forming cylinder; and the top of the molding cavity is provided with protective glass.
Further, still include the protective gas unit, the protective gas unit with set up the gas inlet intercommunication on the shaping chamber.
The laser scanning device comprises a forming cavity, a powder spreading device and a control unit, wherein the forming cavity is used for forming powder on the forming cavity, the powder spreading device is used for spreading the powder on the forming cavity, the control unit is used for controlling the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device to work according to parameters set by the process software, and controlling a laser output module and a two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer output by the variable-spot 3D laser printing head to sinter the powder on the forming cylinder through protective glass on the forming cavity.
According to the variable-spot 3D laser printing head, the utility model also aims to provide a 3D laser printing device, wherein the number of the variable-spot 3D printing heads is at least two.
Compared with the existing 3D printing head scheme, the variable light spot structure enables the light spot structure in the 3D printing and sintering process to be changed in real time, and the variable light spot structure can adopt small light spots in areas with high precision requirements and large light spots in areas with low precision requirements in the material increase manufacturing process, so that the efficiency is increased by multiple times on the premise of ensuring the same printing precision.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D print head of the present invention performs simultaneous printing by using multiple dots, and one or multiple light spots are reserved for printing by controlling the switch and the scanning galvanometer of the fiber output laser module according to the requirement of the fineness of the processing area, which means that multiple lines can be printed simultaneously in most areas during the printing process of the same product, which greatly improves the printing efficiency on the premise of effectively maintaining the printing precision. The printing cost can be greatly reduced, the applicable scene and range of additive manufacturing can be expanded, and the method has a good market prospect.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by adopting a technical scheme of overlapping large and small light spots, and controlling the switch of the fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer, the printing head can adopt small light spots in areas with high precision requirements and large light spots in areas with low precision requirements, so that the printing speed can be increased while the printing precision is maintained.
Furthermore, the printer adopting the variable light spot 3D printing head provided by the utility model shares a mechanical unit, a control unit, process software and a protective gas unit, so that the equipment cost of unit efficiency is greatly reduced.
Furthermore, the printer with the plurality of variable-light-spot 3D printing heads provided by the utility model can increase the printing area and realize high-speed precise printing of large workpieces.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-spot 3D laser printhead according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus using a single variable-spot 3D laser printing head according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus using a plurality of variable-spot 3D laser print heads according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1 denotes a fiber output laser module; 101 denotes a first fiber output laser module; 102 denotes an nth fiber output laser module; representing a collimating lens; 201 denotes a first collimator lens; 202 denotes an nth collimator lens; 3 denotes a laser scanning galvanometer; 4 denotes a flat field focusing mirror; 5 denotes a variable spot print head; 501, a first variable spot printhead; 502 denotes an mth variable spot print head; 6 denotes a molding cavity; 7 denotes a cover glass on the mold cavity; 701 denotes a first piece of cover glass on the mold cavity; 702 denotes the mth piece of cover glass on the mold cavity; 8 denotes a powder spreading device; and 9 denotes a forming cylinder.
Detailed Description
The variable-spot 3D laser printhead and the apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a variable light spot 3D laser printhead structure according to the present invention. The end surfaces of the output optical fibers of the N optical fiber output laser modules are respectively positioned on the front focal plane of one corresponding collimating lens, and in fig. 1, 101 denotes a first optical fiber output laser module; 102 denotes an nth fiber output laser module; 201 denotes a first collimator lens; 202 denotes an nth collimator lens; the first fiber output laser module 101 corresponds to the first collimating lens 201, and the nth fiber output laser module 102 corresponds to the nth collimating lens 202.
The optical axes of the N collimating lenses are parallel, parallel light output by the N collimating lenses enters the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer 3 in parallel, and then is imaged on the back focal plane of the flat field focusing lens according to the output of the laser scanning galvanometer 3. By controlling the switch of the optical fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer, 3D printing of variable light spots can be realized.
In the variable light spot 3D laser printing head, if the optical fiber parameters of the output light of the optical fiber output module are the same; the optical parameters of the collimating lenses are the same; adjusting the position of the end face of the output optical fiber of the optical fiber output laser module on the front focal plane of the corresponding collimating lens to enable the images of the end face of the output optical fiber on the focal plane of the flat-field focusing lens to be arranged in a linear shape at a certain interval, wherein the trend of the line is vertical to one scanning direction of the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer and is usually vertical to the horizontal scanning direction; by controlling a power switch of the optical fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer, the printing head can improve the printing speed by about N times under the condition of keeping the printing precision.
In the variable light spot 3D laser printing head, if the optical fiber parameters of the output light of the optical fiber output module are different; the optical parameters of the collimating lens are the same; adjusting the position of the end face of the output optical fiber of the optical fiber output laser module on the front focal plane of the corresponding collimating lens to ensure that the centers of images with different sizes on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens are superposed; by controlling the switch of the optical fiber output laser module and the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer, the printing head can improve the printing speed by about N times under the condition of keeping the printing precision.
Preferably, the collimating lens can be a zoom lens, and the advantage of adopting the zoom collimating lens is that the size of a light spot can be conveniently adjusted in printing, and the requirements of a printing process can be better met.
According to the technical scheme of the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head, the utility model provides equipment adopting a single variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head. Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus consists of a variable spot 3D print head 5, a control unit, a mechanical unit and a shielding gas unit; wherein, the mechanical unit comprises a molding cavity 6, a molding cylinder 9 and a powder spreading device 8; the forming cylinder 9 and the powder spreading device are positioned at the bottom of the forming cavity, and the powder spreading device 8 is used for uniformly spreading the powder to be printed on the forming cylinder 9; the top of the molding cavity is provided with protective glass 7; and a protective gas input/output port is arranged on the molding cavity and connected with the protective gas unit. The control unit of the equipment controls the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device to work according to parameters set by process software, and controls light output by the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head 5 to sinter powder on the forming cylinder through protective glass 7 on a forming cavity 6. In this embodiment, compared with the technical solution of the existing apparatus, the speed of the scanning sintering link is greatly increased, and it should be noted that, in the actual operation process, the cost per unit printing weight is greatly reduced because the control unit, the mechanical unit, the process software and the protective gas unit on the apparatus are shared by a plurality of lasers.
According to the variable light spot 3D laser printing head, the utility model also provides a device adopting a plurality of variable light spot 3D laser printing heads, which is composed of M variable light spot 3D printing heads 5, a control unit, a mechanical unit and a protective gas unit, referring to fig. 3. Wherein: the mechanical unit comprises a forming cavity 6, a forming cylinder 9 and a powder spreading device 8, wherein the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device are positioned at the bottom of the forming cavity, and the powder spreading device uniformly spreads powder to be printed on the forming cylinder; the top of the molding cavity is provided with a plurality of pieces of protective glass which correspond to the variable light spot 3D printing heads one by one; and a protective gas input/output port is arranged on the molding cavity and connected with the protective gas unit. The control unit of the equipment controls the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device to work according to parameters set by process software, and controls light output by the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head to pass through corresponding protective glass on the forming cavity to sinter powder on the forming cylinder. The apparatus can be used for printing large products with high efficiency.
According to the technical scheme of the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head provided by the utility model, the printing head is designed in a certain specific implementation of the utility model, and the technical parameters are as follows: (1) 4 fiber lasers with power of 500 watts are adopted, the wavelength is 1064 nanometers, the diameter of an output fiber core is 20 micrometers, and the numerical aperture is 0.06; (2) the focal length of the 4 collimating lenses is 100 mm, the collimating lenses are arranged in a square shape, and the distance between the optical axes of the adjacent collimating lenses is 14 mm; (3) the focal length of the flat field focusing lens is 700 mm; (4) the printing range of the laser scanning galvanometer on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens is 350 mm X350 mm; (5) the 4 spots were aligned perpendicular to the horizontal scan direction at a pitch of 100 microns. The sintering speed of the printing head can be 4 times of that of the traditional technical scheme.
According to the technical scheme of the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head provided by the utility model, in another specific implementation of the utility model, the printing head is designed, and the technical parameters are as follows: (1) 1 fiber laser with 500 watts of power and a fiber laser with 2000 watts of power are adopted, the wavelength is 1064 nanometers, the diameter of an output fiber core is 20 micrometers, and the numerical aperture is 0.06; (2) the focal length of the 2 collimating lenses is 100 mm and 50 mm, and the distance between the optical axes of the two collimating lenses is 14 mm; (3) the focal length of the flat field focusing lens is 700 mm; (4) the printing range of the laser scanning galvanometer on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens is 350 mm X350 mm; (5) the 2 spot centers coincide together. The printing head uses light spots with different sizes at different positions of a printing area according to process requirements, and the diameter of the large light spot is 2 times that of the small light spot, so that the comprehensive sintering speed can reach 3-4 times of that of the traditional technical scheme.
According to the technical scheme of the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head, the structure of the light spot can be changed in real time, the efficiency of a laser sintering link is greatly improved under the condition that the printing precision is guaranteed, meanwhile, the cost of equipment adopting the printing head is also greatly reduced, and the problems of low efficiency and high cost of the current laser 3D printing equipment are solved to a certain extent.
Claims (9)
1. A variable light spot 3D laser printing head is characterized in that: the optical fiber laser scanning device comprises a plurality of optical fiber output laser modules and collimating lenses which correspond to the optical fiber output laser modules one to one, and further comprises a two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer and a flat field focusing lens, wherein:
the collimating lenses are parallel to each other in optical axis and are used for converting light output by the corresponding output optical fiber end faces of the optical fiber output laser modules into parallel light; the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer is positioned on a parallel light path at the output end of the collimating lens to realize two-dimensional scanning and is used for directing parallel light from the collimating lens to a required position; the flat field focusing lens is arranged on an output light path of the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer and is used for converging light from the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer to a back focal plane of the flat field focusing lens.
2. The variable spot 3D laser printhead of claim 1, wherein: the output optical fiber parameters of all the optical fiber output laser modules are the same; all the collimating lenses have the same optical parameters; the fiber output laser module outputs the position of the fiber end surface on the front focal plane of the corresponding collimating lens, the images of the fiber end surface on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens are arranged into a line at a certain interval, and the line direction is vertical to one scanning direction of the two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer.
3. The variable spot 3D laser printhead of claim 1, wherein: the output optical fiber parameters of the optical fiber output laser modules are different and are used for forming images with different sizes on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens; the optical parameters of the collimating lenses are different, the output optical fiber end face of the optical fiber output laser module is arranged on the corresponding front focal plane of the collimating lenses, and the center of the image formed by the output optical fiber end face of the optical fiber output laser module on the focal plane of the flat field focusing lens is overlapped.
4. The variable spot 3D laser printhead of claim 1, wherein: the collimating lens is a zoom collimating lens.
5. 3D laser printing device characterized in that it comprises a variable-spot 3D laser printing head according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The laser printing apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the printing device comprises a forming cavity, a forming cylinder and a powder spreading device, wherein the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device are positioned at the bottom of the forming cavity, and the powder spreading device is used for uniformly spreading powder to be printed on the forming cylinder; and the top of the molding cavity is provided with protective glass.
7. The laser printing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: still include the protective gas unit, the protective gas unit with set up the income gas port intercommunication on the shaping chamber.
8. The laser printing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the laser scanning device is characterized by further comprising a control unit, wherein the control unit is used for controlling the forming cylinder and the powder spreading device to work according to parameters set by process software, controlling a laser output module and a two-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer output by the variable-light-spot 3D laser printing head, and sintering powder on the forming cylinder through protective glass on the forming cavity.
9. Laser printing apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: the number of the variable-spot 3D laser printing heads is at least two.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022812308.XU CN215508981U (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022812308.XU CN215508981U (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215508981U true CN215508981U (en) | 2022-01-14 |
Family
ID=79785638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022812308.XU Active CN215508981U (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215508981U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-11-26 CN CN202022812308.XU patent/CN215508981U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3345698B1 (en) | Powder bed system and methods for fabricating a component with laser array | |
| US9827632B2 (en) | Device and method for generative component production | |
| US9314972B2 (en) | Apparatus for additive layer manufacturing of an article | |
| US11931825B2 (en) | System and methods for fabricating a component with laser array | |
| US6534740B1 (en) | Method and device for scanning the surface of an object with a laser beam | |
| CN106735874B (en) | A kind of apparatus and method of femtosecond laser parallel processing light guide plate scattering netted dot | |
| CN112276089A (en) | Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment | |
| WO2021027658A1 (en) | Central feeding laser system based on multiple optical fiber output laser modules, and machining head | |
| CN110142406B (en) | Two-dimensional optical fiber area array high-precision laser 3D metal printer and printing control method thereof | |
| CN104858550A (en) | CO2 laser multi-beam high-speed slotting device for backlight source processing and method thereof | |
| CN110153417A (en) | A kind of laser formation equipment | |
| CN112955303B (en) | Additive manufacturing system with addressable laser array and source real-time feedback control | |
| CN110799290A (en) | Additive manufacturing apparatus comprising a gantry device using a reflective element to direct a laser beam to a moveable scanner | |
| CN204657748U (en) | The CO2 laser multiple beam high speed beam slotting device of backlight processing | |
| CN111957968A (en) | Composite material increasing and decreasing machining forming device and method | |
| CN106773025A (en) | Focusing lens and lens vibrating type laser scanning system | |
| CN111215765A (en) | Processing method for processing precise photosensitive hole by ultraviolet laser and laser equipment | |
| CN112829295A (en) | Laser optical path system for surface exposure type powder bed melting additive manufacturing | |
| CN215508981U (en) | Variable facula 3D laser printing head and 3D laser printing equipment | |
| CN210937660U (en) | Center feeding laser system based on multiple optical fiber output laser modules and machining head | |
| Jarczynski et al. | Ultrashort pulsed multibeam processing head for parallel ultrafast micromachining | |
| CN218341014U (en) | Optical path system of additive manufacturing equipment | |
| CN209239280U (en) | A kind of Three-Dimensional Dynamic galvanometer system | |
| CN112285871B (en) | Big and small double-focusing movable lens group and metal surface exposure SLM system | |
| CN204234973U (en) | The device of optical-fiber laser processed alumina pottery |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |