CN215469527U

CN215469527U - Tool bit mechanism of machining center

Info

Publication number: CN215469527U
Application number: CN202120925576.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡叶杰
Original assignee: Quanzhou Convex Concave Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Quanzhou Convex Concave Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tool bit mechanism of a machining center, which comprises a back plate and a vertical frame, wherein the vertical frame is installed on the back plate in an up-down lifting mode, a tool bit seat capable of moving up and down is arranged at the lower part of the front surface of the vertical frame, an undercut cutting inclined surface is arranged on the front side surface of the tool bit seat, a tool bit installation round hole is formed in the undercut cutting inclined surface, an installation tool bit is sleeved in the tool bit installation round hole, a circumferential self-locking structure is arranged on the installation tool bit seat and the tool bit seat, a side cutting surface is arranged on the bottom surface of the installation tool bit seat, a machining tool bit is installed on the side cutting surface, and a tool bit driving device capable of driving each machining tool bit to rotate in a switching mode is installed on the tool bit seat. Compared with the prior art, the machining tool bit can be switched by utilizing the translation and circumferential movement of the installation tool apron, so that the switching operation of different machining processes is realized, the machining is diversified, the machining is realized on one tool bit mechanism, a plurality of machine tools are not needed to be matched for use, the workpiece only needs to be positioned once, and the machining precision is ensured; and the installation and the maintenance of the whole tool bit mechanism are convenient.

Description

Tool bit mechanism of machining center

Technical Field

The utility model relates to workpiece processing machinery, in particular to a cutter head mechanism of a processing center.

Background

The existing metal workpiece needs to be provided with structures such as unthreaded holes, thread holes or grooves on the workpiece itself in different occasions in the application process, so that the workpiece needs to be subjected to post-processing such as drilling, tapping, groove milling and the like after finishing appearance processing. Different working procedures of traditional workpiece post-processing such as drilling, tapping, groove milling and the like are operated on different machines, so that the post-processing of different operations is positioned and adjusted once again every time, which undoubtedly brings inconvenience to the processing and cannot ensure the processing quality, and the arrangement of a plurality of processing devices occupies the area of a factory building on one hand and leads the processing cost of the workpiece to be high on the other hand; have traditional tool bit mechanism again complicacy, the difficult problem of maintaining.

In view of the above, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a tool bit mechanism of a machining center, which can enable a plurality of tool bits to be installed on the machining center, does not need a plurality of machining devices, saves space and cost, is convenient to machine, only needs one-step positioning, ensures machining precision and is convenient to maintain and replace the tool bits.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a tool bit mechanism of a machining center comprises a back plate and a vertical frame positioned on the front face of the back plate, wherein the vertical frame is installed on the back plate in an up-and-down lifting mode, a lifting driving device for driving the vertical frame to lift is installed on the back plate, the vertical frame is of a hollow structure with an open bottom face and an open back face, a vertically arranged and rotating rotary screw rod is installed in the vertical frame, the upper end portion of the rotary screw rod extends upwards out of the top face of the vertical frame, a rotary driving device for driving the rotary screw rod to rotate is installed on the top face of the vertical frame, a tool bit seat capable of moving up and down is arranged on the lower portion of the front face of the vertical frame, the tool bit seat is in threaded fit with the rotary screw rod, an undercut inclined face downwards inclining to the rear portion of the bottom face of the tool bit seat is arranged on the front side face of the tool bit seat, a tool bit installation round hole with the center of the undercut inclined face as the center is formed in the undercut inclined face, the cutter seat mounting circular hole is internally sleeved with a mounting cutter seat which is matched with the cutter seat mounting circular hole and is of a closed loop structure, the mounting cutter seat and the cutter seat are provided with circumferential self-locking structures which enable the mounting cutter seat and the cutter seat to be self-locked in the circumferential direction and enable the mounting cutter seat to move downwards and relieve the circumferential self-locking with the cutter seat, the cutter seat is provided with a cutter seat driving device which drives the mounting cutter seat to move up and down and can rotate in the circumferential direction, the bottom surface of the mounting cutter seat is provided with six side cutting surfaces which incline upwards and extend to the side wall of the mounting cutter seat, each side cutting surface is closely distributed in a surrounding way, each side cutting surface is provided with a cutter head mounting circular hole which takes the center of the side cutting surface as the center of a circle, each cutter head mounting circular hole is provided with a processing cutter head which takes the center of the cutter head mounting circular hole as a central shaft, the axial first end of each processing cutter head is a processing end, the axial second end of each processing cutter head is positioned outside the side cutting surface, the non-processing end of the processing tool bit is arranged in the mounting tool apron, and the tool bit seat is provided with a tool bit driving device which can switch and drive the processing tool bits to rotate.

The vertical frame is a square frame, the top surface of the vertical frame is provided with vertical plates which are relatively erected leftwards and rightwards, a transverse plate is connected between the two vertical plates, the rotary driving device is a servo motor, a mounting block is fixedly locked at the lower part of the front inner side wall of the vertical frame, the upper end part and the lower end part of the rotary screw rod are respectively and correspondingly rotatably mounted on the top surface and the mounting block of the vertical frame through bearings, the upper end part of the rotary screw rod extends out of the top surface of the vertical frame and is positioned below the transverse plate, the servo motor is vertically and fixedly mounted on the top surface of the transverse plate, and the output shaft of the servo motor penetrates through the transverse plate and is fixedly connected with the upper end part of the rotary screw rod.

The self-locking sleeve sleeved outside the first axial end of the installation tool apron is fixed in the tool apron installation round hole, a plurality of teeth extending along the axial direction of the self-locking sleeve are densely distributed on the inner side wall of the self-locking sleeve, meshing teeth meshed with the teeth in a one-to-one correspondence mode are arranged on the outer side wall of the first axial end of the installation tool apron, and the self-locking sleeve and the meshing teeth form the circumferential self-locking structure.

The tool bit seat is provided with a rear seat body and a front seat body, the rear seat body is provided with a front panel, a rear back plate behind the front panel and a connecting column connected between the front panel and the rear back plate are arranged, the rear back plate is attached to and matched with the front side face of the upright frame, a strip-shaped through hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the lower portion of the front side face of the upright frame, a penetrating rod penetrating the strip-shaped through hole backwards is arranged on the rear back plate in a protruding mode, and a threaded sleeve sleeved outside the rotary screw rod is fixed to the rear end portion of the penetrating rod.

The front seat body is a square seat body, the rear side surface of the front seat body is matched with the front panel in a fitting mode and locked together, the upper portion of the front side surface of the front seat body is provided with an inclined surface which is inclined downwards and extends to the rear side of the bottom of the front seat body, the outer contour of the inclined surface is circular, and the inclined surface is the undercut inclined surface.

The front seat body is a hollow seat body with an open back side face, a rotary oil cylinder for driving the installation tool apron to rotate is installed in the front seat body, a piston rod of the rotary oil cylinder is fixedly connected with an axial first end of the installation tool apron, the installation tool apron is hollow and cylindrical, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved at a non-working end of each machining tool bit, a side cutting plane in a center area of the bottom face of the installation tool apron in a six-side cutting plane is parallel to the ground, a position of the installation tool apron in the side cutting plane is used as a machining position, a second bevel gear vertically arranged and meshed with the first bevel gear on the machining tool bit at the machining position is installed in the front seat body in a rotating mode, and a motor driving device for driving the second bevel gear to rotate is installed on the front seat body.

The lifting driving device is a vertically arranged air cylinder, an upper mounting piece is locked outside the front side surface of the back plate on one side of the vertical frame, the upper mounting piece is an inverted L-shaped piece provided with an upper transverse part and a lower vertical part on the rear side below the lower transverse part, the lower vertical part is attached to the back plate and locked together, the cylinder body of the air cylinder is fixed on the top surface of the upper transverse part, the piston rod of the air cylinder penetrates through the upper transverse part and extends downwards, a lower mounting piece below the upper transverse part is locked on the side wall of the vertical frame, the lower mounting piece is provided with an inverted L-shaped piece of the transverse part and the vertical part, the transverse part of the lower mounting piece is positioned below the piston rod of the air cylinder and fixedly connected with the piston rod of the air cylinder, and the vertical part of the lower mounting piece is locked together with the vertical frame.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the tool bit mechanism of the machining center disclosed by the utility model has the advantages that when the tool bit mechanism is applied, the vertical frame can be quickly lowered to a workpiece by using the lifting driving device, the efficiency and the speed are high, the tool bit seat is stably moved downwards by matching with the rotation of the rotating screw rod, the machining is stable, the tool bit seat is moved downwards at the moment, so that the machining tool bit can perform actions of rotating and moving downwards, the machining function of the machining tool bit is realized, the six machining tool bits can be switched and used by using the translation and circumferential movement of the mounting tool apron, the whole tool bit mechanism can perform switching operation of different machining modes such as tapping, milling and drilling on the workpiece, the machining is diversified, the tool bit mechanism is realized without matching with a plurality of machine tools, the workpiece only needs to be positioned once, and the machining precision is ensured; meanwhile, the structure of the vertical frame enables the whole tool bit mechanism to be convenient to install and maintain, and the whole tool bit is long in service life and easy to maintain by adopting a mode of rotating the screw rod.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is another perspective view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to further explain the technical scheme of the utility model, the following detailed description is combined with the accompanying drawings.

The utility model relates to a cutter head mechanism of a machining center, as shown in figure 1-2, comprising a back plate 1 and a vertical frame 2 arranged on the front surface of the back plate, wherein the front surface of the back plate is taken as a front side surface, the vertical frame is arranged on the front side of the back plate, the length of the vertical frame 2 is longer than that of the back plate 1, the vertical frame 2 is a hollow square frame body, the back surface and the bottom surface of the vertical frame 2 are both open, the vertical frame 2 is arranged on the back plate 1 in a vertical lifting mode, preferably, slide rails 21 extending along the vertical direction are respectively locked on the left side and the right side of the back surface of the vertical frame 2, a slide block 11 sleeved outside the slide rails 21 and sliding up and down along the slide rails 21 is locked on the front surface of the back plate 1 corresponding to the slide rails 21, the sliding fit of the back plate and the vertical frame can be realized by utilizing the fit of the slide block and the slide rails 21, the guide function of the slide of the vertical frame, a lifting driving device for driving the vertical frame to lift is arranged on the back plate 1, the lifting driving device is a vertically arranged cylinder 3, the front side surface of the back plate 1 is positioned at the left side of the vertical frame, an upper mounting piece 12 is externally locked and fixedly connected with the left side of the vertical frame, the upper mounting piece 12 is an inverted L-shaped piece provided with an upper transverse part and a lower vertical part positioned at the rear side below the lower transverse part, the lower vertical part is matched with the back plate 1 in an attaching way and locked together, a cylinder body of the cylinder 3 is fixed on the top surface of the upper transverse part, a piston rod of the cylinder 3 penetrates through the upper transverse part and extends downwards, a lower mounting piece 22 positioned right below the upper transverse part is locked and fixedly connected with the piston rod of the cylinder on the left side wall of the vertical frame 2, the lower mounting piece 22 is provided with an inverted L-shaped piece provided with a transverse part and a vertical part, the transverse part of the lower mounting piece 22 is positioned right below the piston rod of the cylinder and fixedly connected with the piston rod of the cylinder, and the vertical part of the lower mounting piece 22 is locked together with the vertical frame 2; during the application, cylinder 3 starts, drives grudging post 2 and makes the vertical translation from top to bottom, and the cylinder makes the oscilaltion of grudging post 2 comparatively quick to the lift drive of grudging post 2, and the cylinder is outside a grudging post side, and whole structural configuration is compact.

The upright frame 2 is internally provided with a vertically arranged and rotating screw rod 4, the upper end part of the rotating screw rod 4 extends upwards out of the top surface of the upright frame 2, the top surface of the upright frame 2 is provided with a rotary driving device for driving the rotating screw rod to rotate, preferably, the top surface of the upright frame 2 is provided with vertical plates 23 which are relatively vertically arranged from left to right, a transverse plate 24 is connected between the two vertical plates 23, the rotary driving device is a servo motor 5, the lower part of the front inner side wall of the upright frame 2 is locked with a mounting block (not shown in the figure), the upper end part and the lower end part of the rotating screw rod 4 are respectively and correspondingly and rotatably arranged on the top surface and the mounting block of the upright frame through bearings, namely, the upper end part of the rotating screw rod 4 is arranged on the top surface of the upright frame 2, the lower end part of the rotating screw rod 4 extends out of the top surface of the upright frame 2 and is positioned below the transverse plate 24, the servo motor 5 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the top surface of the transverse plate 24, and the output shaft of the servo motor 5 passes through the transverse plate 24 and is fixedly connected with the upper end part of the rotating screw rod 4.

The front lower part of the upright frame 2 is provided with a tool bit seat 6 capable of moving up and down, the tool bit seat 6 is matched with a rotary screw rod in a threaded manner, preferably, the tool bit seat is provided with a rear seat body 61 and a front seat body 62, the rear seat body 61 is provided with a front panel, a rear back panel behind the front panel and a connecting column connected between the front panel and the rear back panel, the rear back panel is matched with the front side surface of the upright frame 2 in a sticking manner, the lower part of the front side surface of the upright frame 2 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 25 extending in the up-down direction, the rear back panel is convexly provided with a penetrating rod 611 penetrating the strip-shaped through hole backwards, and the rear end part of the penetrating rod 611 is fixedly provided with a threaded sleeve (not shown in the drawing) sleeved outside the rotary screw rod. The during operation, servo motor 5 rotates, makes to rotate lead screw 4 and rotates, and the rotation of rotating lead screw 4 makes the backplate make the oscilaltion translation, adopts lead screw and servo motor's cooperation mode to protect the translation nature of processing on the one hand, has also promoted life, and lead screw and servo motor's cooperation mode overall structure is simple and easy, easily maintains to utilize the back of three-dimensional 2 to open the dismouting that makes things convenient for servo motor and lead screw, easy to maintain and change.

The front side surface of the tool bit seat 6 is provided with an undercut inclined surface which is inclined downwards and extends to the rear of the bottom surface of the tool bit seat, namely, the front seat body 62 is a square seat body, the rear side surface of the front seat body 62 is attached to and locked with a front panel, the upper part of the front side surface of the front seat body 62 is provided with an inclined surface which is inclined downwards and extends to the rear side of the bottom of the front seat body, the outer contour of the inclined surface is circular, and the inclined surface is the undercut inclined surface, namely, the front seat body 62 is equivalent to only having three surfaces, namely, an upper plane, a rear plane and a front inclined surface.

The undercut inclined plane is provided with a cutter holder mounting circular hole which takes the center of the undercut inclined plane as a circle center, the cutter holder mounting circular hole is internally sleeved with a mounting cutter holder 7 which is matched with the cutter holder mounting circular hole and is of a closed loop structure, namely, the mounting cutter holder 7 is correspondingly circular, the mounting cutter holder 7 is obliquely arranged at a certain angle, the mounting cutter holder 7 is of a hollow structure with an open upper end surface, the mounting cutter holder and the cutter holder are provided with circumferential self-locking structures which enable the mounting cutter holder and the cutter holder to be self-locked in the circumferential direction and enable the mounting cutter holder to move downwards and relieve the circumferential self-locking with the cutter holder, the front seat body 62 is provided with a cutter holder driving device which drives the mounting cutter holder 7 to move up and down and can rotate in the circumferential direction, namely, the front seat body 62 is of a hollow structure, the axial first end of the mounting cutter holder 7 is positioned in the front seat body 62, the axial second end of the mounting cutter holder 7 is externally fixed with a self-locking sleeve (not shown in the drawing) positioned in the cutter holder mounting circular hole, the self-locking sleeve is of a circular ring body structure, a plurality of teeth extending along the axial direction of the self-locking sleeve are densely distributed on the outer side wall of the self-locking sleeve, meshing teeth meshed with the teeth in a one-to-one correspondence mode are arranged on the hole wall of the cutter holder mounting circular hole in a protruding mode, the circumferential self-locking structure is formed by the self-locking sleeve and the meshing teeth, a rotary oil cylinder driving the mounting cutter holder 7 to rotate is mounted in the front base body 62, a piston rod of the rotary oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the axial first end of the mounting cutter holder, when the self-locking sleeve is used, the rotary oil cylinder can firstly perform translation with a certain stroke at the initial starting time and then rotate, the mounting cutter holder 7 can translate along the direction of the axis of the mounting cutter holder 7 deviating from the direction of the cutter holder mounting circular hole due to translation of the rotary oil cylinder, the teeth are separated from the meshing teeth, and then the mounting cutter holder 7 can rotate; on the contrary, the teeth are engaged with the engaging teeth, and the holder 7 cannot be rotated. In this is novel, also having offered closed loop shape recess on the axial first end lateral wall of installation blade holder 7, this closed loop shape recess is embedded to have installed the damping circle, and the damping circle slightly stretches out outside the closed loop shape recess, like this, utilizes the damping circle to receive the influence of thrust and outside roll-off blade holder installation round hole, makes installation blade holder 7 and blade holder installation round hole phase separation, realizes that installation blade holder 7 is rotatory, otherwise installation blade holder 7 receives the friction of damping circle and unable rotation when damping circle return to blade holder installation round hole is downthehole.

The bottom surface of the mounting tool apron 7 is provided with six side cutting surfaces extending from the bottom surface of the mounting tool apron 7 to the side wall of the mounting tool apron, the side cutting surfaces are closely distributed in a surrounding manner, the bottom surface of the mounting tool apron 7 is in a regular hexagon structure through the side cutting surfaces, the side cutting surfaces in the six side cutting surfaces, which are positioned at the center of the bottom surface of the mounting tool apron 7, are arranged just right downwards and are parallel to the ground, the side cutting surfaces are arranged in parallel to the ground, the mounting tool apron 7 is inclined and the six side cutting surfaces are uniformly arranged, so that each side cutting surface can be downwards arranged in parallel to the ground through the rotation of the mounting tool apron 7, the position where the mounting tool apron 7 is positioned is used as a machining station, each side cutting surface is provided with a tool bit mounting circular hole which takes the center of the side cutting surface as the center of a circle, each mounting circular hole is provided with a machining tool bit 8 which takes the center of the tool bit mounting circular hole as the center axis, and the axial first end of each machining tool bit 8 is used as a machining end, The second axial end is a non-machining end, the machining end of the machining tool bit is positioned outside the side cutting surface, the non-machining end of the machining tool bit is positioned in the mounting tool apron, and the front seat body 62 is provided with a tool bit driving device capable of switching and driving each machining tool bit to rotate; each machining tool bit 8 is provided with at least one drilling tool bit, one tapping tool bit and one milling tool bit; preferably, the mounting tool apron 7 is hollow and cylindrical, the non-working end of each machining tool bit 8 is fixedly sleeved with a first bevel gear (not shown in the figure), each first bevel gear is positioned in the front seat body 62, a second bevel gear vertically arranged to be meshed with the first bevel gear on the machining tool bit at the machining position is rotatably installed in the front seat body 62, and a motor driving device 9 for driving the second bevel gear to rotate is installed on the top surface of the front seat body 62; that is, the motor driving device 9 has a motor and a transmission case, the motor is vertically arranged, an output shaft of the transmission case vertically extends into the front base 62, and a third bevel gear which is positioned above the second bevel gear and engaged with the second bevel gear is sleeved outside the output shaft of the transmission case, so that the first bevel gear can be correspondingly separated from the second bevel gear when the installation tool apron 7 is moved outwards by the cooperation of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, otherwise, the installation tool apron 7 is reset to move inwards to translate the first bevel gear to be re-engaged with the second bevel gear.

When switching the processing tool bit, revolving cylinder starts, revolving cylinder makes installation blade holder 7 outwards translation and meshing tooth phase separation earlier, revolving cylinder makes installation blade holder 7 rotatory again, the switching of processing tool bit is accomplished to the rotation of installation blade holder 7 this moment, revolving cylinder resets after the switching, installation blade holder 7 inwards translation, tooth and meshing tooth re-engagement, installation blade holder 7 auto-lock, unable circumferential migration, guarantee processing stability like this, the processing tool bit after the switching just erects the setting, be in on the station of processing of installation blade holder, second bevel gear meshes with first bevel gear is new mutually, later servo motor 5's rotation can make installation blade holder 7 make up-and-down translation, and simultaneously, motor drive ware note 9 starts, first bevel gear and second bevel gear rotate, the processing tool bit after the switching obtains the limit rotation of going up and down, accomplish new processing operation.

According to the tool bit mechanism of the machining center, when the tool bit mechanism is applied, the vertical frame can be quickly lowered to a workpiece by using the air cylinder, the operation speed is high, the machining tool bit stably descends during machining by matching with the rotating screw rod and the motor, the service life is long, the tool bit mechanism is easy to maintain, meanwhile, the switching speed of the machining tool bit is very high and smooth by using the inclination of the installation tool apron and the inclination of the tool bit seat, the machining speed is greatly improved, and the installation positions of the six machining tool bits are matched, so that the whole installation tool apron can be provided with additional heads of different operation procedures, such as tapping, milling, drilling and the like, the whole tool bit mechanism can perform switching operation of different machining modes, such as tapping, milling, drilling and the like, machining is diversified, the tool bit mechanism is realized on one tool bit mechanism, multiple machine tools are not required to be matched for use, the workpiece only needs to be positioned once, and the machining precision is ensured; in addition, the structure of the vertical frame and the installation mode of each part are utilized, so that the whole cutter head mechanism is very convenient to install and maintain.

This is novel, in order to promote the processing quality, can be located each tool bit installation round hole department in the bottom surface of installation blade holder 7 and offer the hole of stretching out that the delivery pipe stretches out, the through-hole that is in bar through-hole 25 top is seted up in the front of founding frame 2, the bar hole that the through-hole extends from top to bottom, set up on the front panel with the communicating water pipe through-hole of preceding pedestal, the water pipe stretches into from the back of founding frame 2 and penetrates through water pipe through-hole to the front bezel between through-hole and the backplate internal, stretch out again outside installation blade holder 7 through stretching out hole activity, and like this, stretch out hole and water pipe movable fit, make installation blade holder 7 can not influence the water pipe when translation and circumference are rotatory, and the up-and-down translation of through-hole makes the installation blade holder not can make the water pipe card die, utilize water pipe spun water to make the processing of work piece more optimize.

The product form of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples shown in the present application, and any suitable changes or modifications of the similar ideas should be made without departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a machining center's tool bit mechanism which characterized in that: the tool bit comprises a back plate and a vertical frame positioned on the front surface of the back plate, wherein the vertical frame is arranged on the back plate in an up-down lifting mode, a lifting driving device for driving the vertical frame to lift is arranged on the back plate, the vertical frame is of a hollow structure with an open bottom surface and an open back surface, a vertically arranged and rotating rotary screw rod is arranged in the vertical frame, the upper end part of the rotary screw rod extends upwards out of the top surface of the vertical frame, a rotary driving device for driving the rotary screw rod to rotate is arranged on the top surface of the vertical frame, a tool bit seat capable of moving up and down is arranged on the lower part of the front surface of the vertical frame, the tool bit seat is in threaded fit with the rotary screw rod, the front side surface of the tool bit seat is provided with an undercut inclined surface which downwards inclines to extend to the rear part of the bottom surface of the tool bit seat, a tool bit mounting circular hole which takes the center of the undercut inclined surface as the center is formed in a matched manner with the tool bit mounting circular hole and is sleeved with the tool bit mounting tool bit seat in a closed-loop structure, the installation tool apron and the tool apron seat are provided with circumferential self-locking structures which enable the installation tool apron and the tool apron seat to be self-locked circumferentially and enable the installation tool apron to move downwards and release the circumferential self-locking with the tool apron seat, the tool apron seat is provided with a tool apron driving device which drives the installation tool apron to move up and down and can rotate circumferentially, the bottom surface of the installation tool apron is provided with six side cutting surfaces which incline upwards and extend to the side wall of the installation tool apron, the side cutting surfaces are distributed in a surrounding mode, each side cutting surface is provided with a tool apron installation round hole which takes the center of the side cutting surface as the circle center, each tool apron installation round hole is provided with a processing tool bit which takes the center of the tool apron installation round hole as the central axis, the axial first end of each processing tool bit is a processing end, the axial second end of each processing tool bit is a non-processing end, the processing end of each processing tool bit is positioned outside the side cutting surface, and the non-processing end of each processing tool bit is positioned in the installation tool apron, the tool bit seat is provided with a tool bit driving device which can switch and drive each processing tool bit to rotate.

2. The tool bit mechanism of a machining center as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical frame is a square frame, the top surface of the vertical frame is provided with vertical plates which are relatively erected leftwards and rightwards, a transverse plate is connected between the two vertical plates, the rotary driving device is a servo motor, a mounting block is fixedly locked at the lower part of the front inner side wall of the vertical frame, the upper end part and the lower end part of the rotary screw rod are respectively and correspondingly rotatably mounted on the top surface and the mounting block of the vertical frame through bearings, the upper end part of the rotary screw rod extends out of the top surface of the vertical frame and is positioned below the transverse plate, the servo motor is vertically and fixedly mounted on the top surface of the transverse plate, and the output shaft of the servo motor penetrates through the transverse plate and is fixedly connected with the upper end part of the rotary screw rod.

3. The tool bit mechanism of a machining center as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-locking sleeve sleeved outside the first axial end of the installation tool apron is fixed in the tool apron installation round hole, a plurality of teeth extending along the axial direction of the self-locking sleeve are densely distributed on the inner side wall of the self-locking sleeve, meshing teeth meshed with the teeth in a one-to-one correspondence mode are arranged on the outer side wall of the first axial end of the installation tool apron, and the self-locking sleeve and the meshing teeth form the circumferential self-locking structure.

4. The tool bit mechanism of a machining center as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tool bit seat is provided with a rear seat body and a front seat body, the rear seat body is provided with a front panel, a rear back plate behind the front panel and a connecting column connected between the front panel and the rear back plate are arranged, the rear back plate is attached to and matched with the front side face of the upright frame, a strip-shaped through hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the lower portion of the front side face of the upright frame, a penetrating rod penetrating the strip-shaped through hole backwards is arranged on the rear back plate in a protruding mode, and a threaded sleeve sleeved outside the rotary screw rod is fixed to the rear end portion of the penetrating rod.

5. The tool bit mechanism of a machining center as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the front seat body is a square seat body, the rear side surface of the front seat body is matched with the front panel in a fitting mode and locked together, the upper portion of the front side surface of the front seat body is provided with an inclined surface which is inclined downwards and extends to the rear side of the bottom of the front seat body, the outer contour of the inclined surface is circular, and the inclined surface is the undercut inclined surface.

6. The tool bit mechanism of a machining center as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the front seat body is a hollow seat body with an open back side face, a rotary oil cylinder for driving the installation tool apron to rotate is installed in the front seat body, a piston rod of the rotary oil cylinder is fixedly connected with an axial first end of the installation tool apron, the installation tool apron is hollow and cylindrical, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved at a non-working end of each machining tool bit, a side cutting plane in a center area of the bottom face of the installation tool apron in a six-side cutting plane is parallel to the ground, a position of the installation tool apron in the side cutting plane is used as a machining position, a second bevel gear vertically arranged and meshed with the first bevel gear on the machining tool bit at the machining position is installed in the front seat body in a rotating mode, and a motor driving device for driving the second bevel gear to rotate is installed on the front seat body.

7. The tool bit mechanism of a machining center as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lifting driving device is a vertically arranged air cylinder, an upper mounting piece is locked outside the front side surface of the back plate on one side of the vertical frame, the upper mounting piece is an inverted L-shaped piece provided with an upper transverse part and a lower vertical part on the rear side below the lower transverse part, the lower vertical part is attached to the back plate and locked together, the cylinder body of the air cylinder is fixed on the top surface of the upper transverse part, the piston rod of the air cylinder penetrates through the upper transverse part and extends downwards, a lower mounting piece below the upper transverse part is locked on the side wall of the vertical frame, the lower mounting piece is provided with an inverted L-shaped piece of the transverse part and the vertical part, the transverse part of the lower mounting piece is positioned below the piston rod of the air cylinder and fixedly connected with the piston rod of the air cylinder, and the vertical part of the lower mounting piece is locked together with the vertical frame.