CN215440328U - System for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating - Google Patents
System for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating. The system comprises a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, a solar heat supply unit and an oil-gas purification and separation unit; the solar heat supply unit comprises a condenser field and a tower type heat collector; a feed inlet is arranged on the side wall of the middle part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, and a spiral heat conducting pipe is arranged inside the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace; the inlet end of the spiral heat conduction pipe is positioned on the side wall of the lower part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace and is communicated with the molten salt discharge end of the solar heat supply unit; the outlet end of the solar energy heat supply unit is positioned on the side wall of the upper part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace and communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar energy heat supply unit; the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace is provided with a carrier gas inlet and a lateral semicoke outlet, and the top is provided with a gas outlet; the oil-gas purification and separation unit comprises a gas-liquid separator communicated to the gas outlet and used for separating pyrolysis volatile gas and liquid output from the gas outlet to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas. The system can utilize the high temperature reached by solar heat collection as the heat source for biomass pyrolysis.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of clean energy utilization, and particularly relates to a system for fluidized bed pyrolysis by solar heat supply.
Background
Energy is a material basis and an important guarantee for the development and progress of human society. At present, nonrenewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum and the like in energy consumption structures of China dominate. With the excessive consumption of energy and the increasingly prominent environmental problems caused in the process of using non-renewable energy, the development and utilization of renewable energy to replace the traditional fossil energy is urgently needed, and the occupation ratio of renewable energy in energy consumption is gradually increased.
Due to the characteristics of various types, abundant reserves and wide distribution of biomass, the biomass is widely concerned by researchers. The biomass can be used for preparing biomass tar through pyrolysis gas, hydrogen-rich pyrolysis gas can be obtained, light aromatic hydrocarbon, phenolic compounds and other high-added-value chemicals can be separated and extracted from the biomass tar, and the hydrogen-rich pyrolysis gas can be used for synthesizing downstream chemicals. In the actual operation process of biomass pyrolysis gasification, air is generally required to be introduced to perform combustion reaction with part of biomass to release heat to supply heat for the pyrolysis and gasification reactions, which not only causes energy waste, but also increases CO2And (4) discharging.
Solar energy is inexhaustible clean energy, and particularly in western regions of China, the sunshine time is long, and solar energy resources are very rich. How to utilize the high temperature reached by solar heat collection as the heat source for biomass pyrolysis to realize the full exploitation and organic combination of the two renewable energy sources of biomass and solar energy is a difficult problem.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a system for fluidized bed pyrolysis by solar heat supply, which has a simple structure, can utilize the high temperature reached by solar heat collection as a heat source for biomass pyrolysis, and can realize the full exploitation and organic combination of two renewable energy sources of biomass and solar energy.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heat supply comprises a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, a solar heat supply unit and an oil-gas purification and separation unit; wherein,
the solar heat supply unit comprises a condenser field and a tower type heat collector, wherein the condenser field is used for condensing sunlight and reflecting the sunlight to the tower type heat collector, and the tower type heat collector is used for condensing heat to heat molten salt to be used as a heat carrier;
a feeding hole is formed in the side wall of the middle of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace and used for feeding biomass particles; a spiral heat-conducting pipe is arranged inside the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace;
the inlet end of the spiral heat conduction pipe is positioned on the side wall of the lower part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, is communicated with the molten salt discharge end of the solar heat supply unit, and is used for introducing heated molten salt to carry out heating pyrolysis on biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace through the feed inlet so as to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis volatile components;
the outlet end of the spiral heat conduction pipe is positioned on the side wall of the upper part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, is communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar heat supply unit and is used for circulating the cooled molten salt to the solar heat supply unit for circulating heating;
the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace is provided with a carrier gas inlet for introducing carrier gas to disturb the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace; the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace is also provided with a lateral semicoke outlet for outputting semicoke; the top of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace is provided with a gas outlet for outputting pyrolysis volatile components;
the oil-gas purification and separation unit comprises a gas-liquid separator communicated to the gas outlet and used for performing gas-liquid separation on pyrolysis volatile components output from the gas outlet to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas comprises H2CO and CH4。
The system can utilize the high temperature reached by solar heat collection as the heat source for biomass pyrolysis, further realize the full exploitation and organic combination of two renewable energy sources of biomass and solar energy, realize the high-value utilization of biomass, reduce energy consumption, realize energy conservation and emission reduction, and is beneficial to the optimization of energy structure and the sustainable development of ecological environment in China.
Preferably, the spiral heat conduction pipe is further provided with a spiral fin, and the spiral fin is spirally wound on the outer wall of the spiral heat conduction pipe; preferably, heat dissipation lugs are distributed on the spiral fins; preferably, the heat dissipation bump has a hemispherical structure.
Preferably, the spiral heat pipe is further provided with a turbulence bump, and the turbulence bump is arranged on the inner wall of the spiral heat pipe; preferably, the turbulence projection has a hemispherical structure.
Preferably, in the spiral heat conduction pipe, the ratio d/t of the pipe diameter d of the spiral heat conduction pipe to the pitch t is 1 (1-6); preferably, the ratio D/D of the pipe diameter D of the spiral heat conduction pipe to the outer diameter D of the spiral coil is 1 (6-50).
Preferably, the pipe diameter d of the spiral heat conduction pipe is 6-18 cm; preferably, the pitch t of the spiral heat conduction pipe is 10-40 cm; preferably, the outer diameter D of the spiral coil in the spiral heat conduction pipe is 120-300 cm; preferably, the number of turns n of the spiral heat conduction pipe is 8-20.
According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the spiral heat conduction pipe, the molten salt serving as a heat carrier can smoothly pass through the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace at a constant speed or uniformly at an accelerated speed, so that the molten salt serving as the heat carrier can uniformly and fully pyrolyze biomass particles input into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis efficiency and the energy utilization rate are improved.
Preferably, the system further comprises a heat storage unit; the heat storage unit comprises at least one hot-melt salt storage tank; the feeding end of the hot molten salt storage tank is communicated to the molten salt discharging end of the solar heat supply unit, and the discharging end of the hot molten salt storage tank is communicated to the inlet end of the spiral heat conduction pipe and used for storing the molten salt heated by the solar heat supply unit so as to supply the molten salt to the spiral heat conduction pipe.
According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the heat storage unit, when solar energy can be used for heat collection, the solar heat supply unit can be used for heat collection and heating the molten salt, and the heated molten salt is stored as the heat carrier, so that the heated molten salt can be used as a storage heat source when no solar energy can be used for heat collection, the problem of continuous heat supply to the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace when no solar energy can be used for heat collection at night or in rainy days can be solved, and the continuous operation of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace can be realized.
Preferably, the heat storage unit further comprises at least one cold molten salt storage tank; the feeding end of the cold molten salt storage tank is communicated to the outlet end of the spiral heat conduction pipe, and the discharging end of the cold molten salt storage tank is communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar heat supply unit and used for storing the molten salt from the spiral heat conduction pipe so as to be returned to the solar heat supply unit for cyclic heating.
According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the heat storage unit, the cold molten salt storage tank can be used for storing the cold molten salt output by the spiral heat conduction pipe so as to temporarily store the cold molten salt when no solar energy can be used for heat collection, and the situation that the cold molten salt cannot absorb solar heat collection and is heated after being directly returned to the solar heat supply unit under the condition is avoided, so that the cold molten salt directly enters the next structure at a lower temperature, such as the hot molten salt storage tank or the spiral heat conduction pipe, and the pyrolysis reaction and the pyrolysis result are influenced is avoided.
Preferably, the oil-gas purification separation unit further comprises a cyclone dust collector, a feed end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with the gas outlet, and a discharge end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with a feed inlet of the gas-liquid separator and used for purifying and removing dust of pyrolysis volatile components before entering the gas-liquid separator.
Preferably, the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace is further provided with a carrier gas distribution plate, the carrier gas distribution plate is arranged on the inner side of the carrier gas inlet and used for uniformly distributing the introduced carrier gas, so that the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace are uniformly disturbed, and the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction is improved.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the system for fluidized bed pyrolysis by solar heat supply can utilize high temperature reached by solar heat collection as a heat source for biomass pyrolysis, further realize full excavation and organic combination of two renewable energy sources of biomass and solar energy, and is beneficial to optimization of energy structure and sustainable development of ecological environment in China; through the setting of heat-retaining unit, can utilize when having solar energy to be used for the thermal-arrest more the solar energy heating fused salt of solar energy heating unit to make the hot fused salt that heats store up as the heat-carrying agent, use it as the deposit heat source when having no solar energy to be used for the thermal-arrest, can solve the continuous heat supply problem to fluidized bed pyrolysis oven when having no solar energy to be used for the thermal-arrest night or rainy day, realize the incessant operation of fluidized bed pyrolysis oven.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar-powered system for fluidized bed pyrolysis according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the spiral heat pipe in the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion A of the spiral fin of the spiral heat pipe shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interior of the spiral heat pipe in the system of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the effects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The following embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments or examples. Simple modifications of the utility model applying the inventive concept are within the scope of the utility model as claimed.
As shown in FIG. 1, the system for fluidized bed pyrolysis by solar heating of the present invention comprises a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2, a solar heating unit 14 and an oil-gas purification and separation unit; wherein,
the solar heat supply unit 14 comprises a condenser field and a tower type heat collector, wherein the condenser field is used for condensing sunlight and reflecting the sunlight to the tower type heat collector, and the tower type heat collector is used for condensing heat to heat molten salt to be used as a heat carrier;
a feeding hole 1 is formed in the side wall of the middle part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 and used for feeding biomass particles; a spiral heat-conducting pipe 4 is arranged inside the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2;
the inlet end 3 of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 is positioned on the lower side wall of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2, is communicated with the molten salt discharge end of the solar heat supply unit 14, and is used for introducing heated molten salt to heat and pyrolyze biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through the feed inlet 1 to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis volatile components; as understood by those skilled in the art, pyrolysis volatiles include gaseous tar and H2CO, and very small amounts of CH4And the like;
the outlet end 5 of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 is positioned on the upper side wall of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2, is communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar heat supply unit 14, and is used for circulating the cooled molten salt to the solar heat supply unit 14 for circulating heating;
the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 is provided with a carrier gas inlet 6 for introducing carrier gas to disturb the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2; the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 is also provided with a lateral semicoke outlet 8 for outputting semicoke; the top of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 is provided with a gas outlet 9 for outputting pyrolysis volatile components;
the oil-gas purification and separation unit comprises a gas-liquid separator 11, and the gas-liquid separator 11 is communicated to the gas outlet 9 and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on pyrolysis volatile components output from the gas outlet 9 to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas; the state of the artAs will be appreciated, the pyrolysis gas comprises H2And small amounts of CO and CH4。
As understood by those skilled in the art, biomass refers to various organisms produced by photosynthesis using the atmosphere, water, land, and the like, i.e., all living organic substances that can grow are generally referred to as biomass. It includes plants, animals and microorganisms. In the utility model, biomass mainly refers to lignocellulose such as straws and trees except grains and fruits in the production process of agriculture and forestry, leftovers in the processing industry of agricultural products, wastes in agriculture and forestry, and livestock and poultry manure and wastes in the production process of animal husbandry. Characteristics of biomass include renewability, low pollution and wide distribution.
As understood by those skilled in the art, pyrolysis volatiles are separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 15 to obtain liquid tar from the bottom thereof and pyrolysis gas from the top or upper thereof.
In the present invention, the carrier gas is H2CO and CH4In one embodiment, the carrier gas is the pyrolysis gas from the gas-liquid separator 15 to avoid gas separation after the subsequent formation of synthesis gas.
The system can utilize the high temperature reached by solar heat collection as a heat source for biomass pyrolysis, further realize the full exploitation and organic combination of two renewable energy sources of biomass and solar energy, co-produce semicoke, tar and pyrolysis gas, realize the high-value utilization of biomass, reduce energy consumption, realize energy conservation and emission reduction, and be beneficial to the optimization of energy structure and the sustainable development of ecological environment in China; and the arrangement of the spiral heat conduction pipe is favorable for realizing the uniform distribution of the temperature in the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis efficiency and the energy utilization rate are improved.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, a spiral fin 41 is further disposed on the spiral heat conducting pipe 4, and the spiral fin 41 is spirally wound on an outer wall of the spiral heat conducting pipe 4 for promoting heat dissipation of the molten salt input into the spiral heat conducting pipe 4 into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2.
In one embodiment, the helical fins 41 have a width of 10-20cm, such as 12cm, 14cm, 16cm, and 18 cm; preferably, the pitch of the helical fins 41 is 5 to 10cm, such as 6cm, 7cm, 8cm and 9cm, to facilitate heat dissipation.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, heat dissipation protrusions 42 are distributed on the spiral fins 41 for promoting the molten salt input into the spiral heat pipe 4 to dissipate heat into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2; preferably, the heat dissipation protrusions 42 are uniformly distributed on the spiral fins 41; preferably, the distribution density of the heat dissipation bumps 42 on the spiral fins 41 is 200-2E.g. 225/m2250 pieces/m2300 pieces/m2350 pieces/m2400 pieces/m2425 pieces/m2450 pieces/m2475 pieces/m2500 pieces/m2525/m2550 pieces/m2And 575/m2(ii) a Preferably, the heat dissipation bumps 42 are hemispherical structures, preferably having a diameter of 0.5-2cm, such as 0.75cm, 1cm, 1.25cm, 1.5cm, and 1.75 cm.
As shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment, a turbulent protrusion 43 is further disposed on the spiral heat conducting pipe 4, and the turbulent protrusion 43 is disposed on an inner wall of the spiral heat conducting pipe 4 for promoting turbulent flow and heat transfer of the molten salt inputted into the spiral heat conducting pipe 4.
In one embodiment, the turbulating bumps 43 are hemispherical structures, preferably having a diameter of 0.5-2.0 cm, such as 0.75cm, 1cm, 1.25cm, 1.5cm, and 1.75 cm.
In one embodiment, in the spiral heat pipe 4, the ratio d/t of the diameter d of the spiral heat pipe 4 to the pitch t is 1 (1-6), such as 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1: 5; preferably, the ratio D/D of the diameter D of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 to the outer diameter D of the spiral coil is 1 (6-50), such as 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40 and 1: 45.
In one embodiment, the diameter d of spiral heat pipe 4 is 6 to 18cm, such as 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm, 11cm and 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, 15cm, 16cm and 17 cm; preferably, the pitch t of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 is 10 to 40cm, such as 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm and 35 cm; the outer diameter D of the spiral coil in the spiral heat conducting pipe 4 is preferably 120-300cm, such as 150cm, 175cm, 200cm, 225cm, 250cm and 275 cm; preferably, the number of turns n of the spiral heat conductive pipe 4 is 8 to 20, such as 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18.
Those skilled in the art understand that the spiral heat conducting pipe 4 has a structure similar to a spring, wherein the pipe diameter d refers to the pipe diameter of the heat conducting pipe for medium to pass through, the pitch t refers to the distance between two adjacent spiral turns, and the number of the spiral turns n refers to the number of the spiral turns therein.
According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4, the molten salt serving as a heat carrier can smoothly pass through the spiral heat conduction pipe at a constant speed or uniformly at an accelerated speed, so that the heat exchange between the molten salt input into the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 and biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 is facilitated, the uniformity of the temperature in the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 is further improved, the molten salt serving as the heat carrier and the biomass particles input into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 are uniformly and fully pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis efficiency and the energy utilization rate are improved.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a heat storage unit; the heat storage unit comprises at least one hot molten salt storage tank 12; the feeding end of the hot-melt salt storage tank 12 is communicated to the molten salt discharging end of the solar heat supply unit 14, and the discharging end of the hot-melt salt storage tank 12 is communicated to the inlet end 3 of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4, and is used for storing the molten salt heated by the solar heat supply unit 14 to supply to the spiral heat conduction pipe 4.
According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the heat storage unit, when solar energy can be used for heat collection, the solar heat supply unit 14 can be used for heat collection and heating of the molten salt, and the heated molten salt is stored as the heat carrier, so that when no solar energy can be used for heat collection, the heated molten salt is used as a storage heat source, the problem of continuous heat supply to the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace when no solar energy can be used for heat collection at night or in rainy days can be solved, and the continuous operation of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace can be realized.
In one embodiment, the heat storage unit further comprises at least one cold molten salt storage tank 13; the feeding end of the cold molten salt storage tank 13 is communicated to the outlet end 5 of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4, and the discharging end of the cold molten salt storage tank 13 is communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar heat supply unit 14, and is used for storing the molten salt from the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 so as to return the molten salt to the solar heat supply unit 14 for circular heating.
According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the heat storage unit, the cold molten salt output by the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 can be stored by using the cold molten salt storage tank 13, so that no solar energy can be used for temporarily storing the cold molten salt when heat is collected, and the situation that the cold molten salt cannot absorb solar heat collection and is heated after being directly returned to the solar heat supply unit 14 under the condition is avoided, so that the cold molten salt directly enters the next structure at a lower temperature, such as the hot molten salt storage tank 12 or the spiral heat conduction pipe 4, and the pyrolysis reaction and the pyrolysis result are influenced is avoided.
In an embodiment, the oil-gas purification separation unit further includes a cyclone 10, and a feed end of the cyclone is communicated to the gas outlet 9, and a discharge end of the cyclone is communicated to a feed inlet of the gas-liquid separator 11, so as to purify and remove dust from the pyrolysis volatile components before entering the gas-liquid separator 11, thereby facilitating removal of fly ash therein and obtaining high-quality tar and pyrolysis gas.
In an embodiment, the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 is further provided with a carrier gas distribution plate 7, the carrier gas distribution plate 7 is arranged on the inner side of the carrier gas inlet 6 and used for uniformly distributing the introduced carrier gas, so that the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 are uniformly disturbed, and the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the solar-powered thermal pyrolysis system of the present invention operates as follows:
(1) conveying the molten salt into the solar heat supply unit 14 for heating to obtain heated molten salt;
(2) conveying the hot-melt salt obtained in the step (1) to the hot-melt salt storage tank 12 for storage;
(3) feeding biomass particles into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through a feeding hole 1, introducing carrier gas into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 from the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through a carrier gas inlet 6, and disturbing the fed biomass particles; meanwhile, the hot-melt salt in the hot-melt salt storage tank 12 is input into the spiral heat-conducting pipe 4 in the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 as a heat carrier, so as to pyrolyze the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2, and generate semicoke and pyrolysis volatile components;
(4) outputting the semicoke obtained in the step (3) from the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through the semicoke outlet 8;
(5) outputting the pyrolysis volatile component obtained in the step (3) from the top of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 to a cyclone dust collector 14 in the oil-gas purification and separation unit through the gas outlet 9 for purification and dust removal, and then conveying the pyrolysis volatile component to a gas-liquid separator 15 for gas-liquid separation to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas;
(6) and conveying the cold molten salt after pyrolysis heat supply of biomass particles in the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 to the cold molten salt storage tank 13 for storage.
The system of the utility model not only fully utilizes renewable energy source-solar energy, avoids the use and investment of other energy sources, but also can co-produce tar and pyrolysis gas, and has great industrial value.
The present invention also provides a method for fluidized bed pyrolysis using the aforementioned system, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) conveying the molten salt into the solar heat supply unit 14 for heating to obtain heated molten salt;
(2) feeding biomass particles into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 from the middle part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through a feeding hole 1; inputting carrier gas into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 from the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through a carrier gas inlet 6, and disturbing the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2; meanwhile, the molten salt heated by the solar heat supply unit 14 is input into the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 in the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 as a heat carrier to pyrolyze the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 to generate semicoke and pyrolysis volatile components;
(3) outputting the semicoke obtained in the step (2) from the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 through the semicoke outlet 8;
(4) and (3) outputting the pyrolysis volatile component obtained in the step (2) from the top of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace 2 to the oil-gas purification and separation unit through the gas outlet 9 for gas-liquid separation to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas.
The method can utilize the high temperature reached by solar heat collection as a heat source for biomass pyrolysis, further realize the full exploitation and organic combination of the biomass and the solar energy, and is beneficial to the optimization of energy structure and the sustainable development of ecological environment in China.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step (5) of storing heat, wherein the molten salt heated by the solar heating unit 14 is conveyed to the hot-melt salt storage tank 12 for storage; the molten salt stored in the hot-melt salt storage tank 12 is then transported into the spiral heat pipe 4 to pyrolyze the biomass particles fed into the fluidized-bed pyrolysis furnace 2.
According to the method, the molten salt heated by the solar heat supply unit 14 can be stored by the hot-melting salt storage tank 12, so that the molten salt can be used as a storage heat source when no solar energy can be used for heat collection, the problem of continuous heat supply to the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace when no solar energy can be used for heat collection at night or in rainy days can be solved, and the continuous operation of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace is realized.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step (6) for storing cold, wherein the molten salt output through the outlet end 5 of the spiral heat conduction pipe 4 is input into the cold molten salt storage tank 13 for storage; the cold molten salt stored in the cold molten salt storage tank 13 is then returned to the solar heating unit 14 for cyclic heating.
In this way, the cold molten salt storage tank 13 can be used for storing the cold molten salt output through the spiral heat pipe 4 for temporary storage when no solar energy is available for heat collection, so as to avoid that the cold molten salt is directly returned to the solar heat supply unit 14 under such a situation and cannot absorb solar energy for heat collection and temperature rise, so that the cold molten salt directly enters the next structure at a lower temperature, such as the hot molten salt storage tank 12 or the spiral heat pipe 4, and the pyrolysis reaction and the pyrolysis result are affected.
In one embodiment, in step (1), the temperature of the molten salt heated by the solar heating unit 14 is 500-.
As understood by those skilled in the art, the temperature of the molten salt heated by the solar heating unit 14 depends on the kind of molten salt, the intensity of solar radiation, the irradiation time and other factors, and binary molten salt NaNO is used3And KNO3Can be heated to 500-560 ℃ under standard conditions.
In one embodiment, in step (2), the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 320-500 ℃, such as 330 ℃, 350 ℃, 375 ℃, 400 ℃, 425 ℃, 450 ℃ and 475 ℃.
The method not only fully utilizes renewable energy source-solar energy, avoids the use and investment of other energy sources, but also can continuously and uninterruptedly co-produce semicoke, tar and pyrolysis gas, and has great industrial value.
When biomass is pyrolyzed by the method and the system shown in FIG. 1, 0.08 ton of standard coal can be saved when the biomass processing capacity is 1 ton, and the energy saving investment is 44 yuan according to the market price of 550 yuan/ton; 0.26-0.32 ton of generated semicoke, and the economic value of the generated semicoke is 130 yuan and 160 yuan according to the calculation that the market price is 500 yuan/ton; 0.25-0.30 ton of generated tar, and the economic value of the generated tar is 625 yuan per ton and 750 yuan per ton according to the market price; generate pyrolysis gas 325 and 390m3According to the market price of 1.0 yuan/m3Calculating that the economic value of the generated pyrolysis gas is 325 and 390 yuan; that is, when the biomass treatment capacity is 1 ton, the total economic value is 1124-1344 yuan; the daily biomass treatment amount is 60-120 tons/day, and the economic value created by the method and the system shown in figure 1 is 6.744-16.128 ten thousand yuan when the biomass is pyrolyzed; the economic value created each year is up to about 5600 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (10)
1. A system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating is characterized by comprising a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2), a solar heating unit (14) and an oil-gas purification and separation unit; wherein,
the solar heat supply unit (14) comprises a condenser field and a tower type heat collector, wherein the condenser field is used for condensing sunlight and reflecting the sunlight to the tower type heat collector, and the tower type heat collector is used for condensing heat to heat molten salt to be used as a heat carrier;
a feeding hole (1) is formed in the side wall of the middle part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2) and used for feeding biomass particles; a spiral heat-conducting pipe (4) is arranged inside the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2);
the inlet end (3) of the spiral heat conduction pipe (4) is positioned on the side wall of the lower part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2), is communicated with the molten salt discharging end of the solar heat supply unit (14), and is used for introducing heated molten salt to heat and pyrolyze biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2) through the feeding hole (1) to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis volatile components;
the outlet end (5) of the spiral heat conduction pipe (4) is positioned on the side wall of the upper part of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2), is communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar heat supply unit (14), and is used for circulating the cooled molten salt to the solar heat supply unit (14) for circulating heating;
the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2) is provided with a carrier gas inlet (6) for introducing carrier gas to disturb the biomass particles fed into the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2); the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2) is also provided with a lateral semicoke outlet (8) for outputting semicoke; the top of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace (2) is provided with a gas outlet (9) for outputting pyrolysis volatile components;
the oil-gas purification separation unit comprises a gas-liquid separator (11), the gas-liquid separator (11) is communicated to the gas outlet (9) and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on pyrolysis volatile matters output from the gas outlet (9) to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas comprises H2CO and CH4。
2. The system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating according to claim 1, wherein the spiral heat pipe (4) is further provided with a spiral fin (41), and the spiral fin (41) is spirally wound on the outer wall of the spiral heat pipe (4); and heat dissipation lugs (42) are distributed on the spiral fins (41).
3. A system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the helical heat pipe (4) is further provided with turbulence bumps (43), the turbulence bumps (43) being provided on the inner wall of the helical heat pipe (4).
4. A system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating according to claim 3, wherein the ratio d/t of the diameter d of the spiral heat pipe (4) to the pitch t in the spiral heat pipe (4) is 1 (1-6).
5. A system for fluidized bed pyrolysis of solar heating according to claim 4 wherein the ratio D/D of the pipe diameter D of the helical heat pipe (4) to the outer diameter D of the helical coil therein is 1 (8-50).
6. A solar-powered system for fluidized-bed pyrolysis according to any one of claims 1-2 and 4-5, wherein the diameter d of the helical heat pipe (4) is 6-18 cm; the pitch t of the spiral heat conduction pipe (4) is 10-40 cm.
7. The system for fluidized bed pyrolysis of solar heating according to claim 6, wherein the outer diameter D of the spiral coil in the spiral heat conducting pipe (4) is 120-300 cm; the number of turns n of the spiral heat conduction pipe (4) is 8-20.
8. The solar-powered thermal decomposition system for a fluidized bed according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5 and 7, further comprising a heat storage unit; the heat storage unit comprises at least one hot-melt salt storage tank (12);
the feeding end of the hot-melt salt storage tank (12) is communicated to the molten salt discharging end of the solar heat supply unit (14), and the discharging end of the hot-melt salt storage tank (12) is communicated to the inlet end (3) of the spiral heat-conducting pipe (4) and used for storing the molten salt heated by the solar heat supply unit (14) to supply to the spiral heat-conducting pipe (4).
9. The system for fluidized bed pyrolysis with solar heating according to claim 8, wherein the heat storage unit further comprises at least one cold molten salt storage tank (13);
the feeding end of the cold molten salt storage tank (13) is communicated to the outlet end (5) of the spiral heat-conducting pipe (4), and the discharging end of the cold molten salt storage tank (13) is communicated to the molten salt feeding end of the solar heat supply unit (14) and used for storing the molten salt from the spiral heat-conducting pipe (4) to be returned to the solar heat supply unit (14) for circulating heating.
10. The solar-powered fluidized bed pyrolysis system according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7 and 9, wherein the oil-gas purification separation unit further comprises a cyclone (10) and has a feed end communicated to the gas outlet (9) and a discharge end communicated to a feed inlet of the gas-liquid separator (11) for purifying and dedusting pyrolysis volatiles before entering the gas-liquid separator (11).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115507412A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2022-12-23 | 杭州圣钘能源有限公司 | Heat supply system |
| CN117626294A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 江苏中科能源动力研究中心 | System and method for preparing synthesis gas by coupling green electricity with melting bed |
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2021
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115507412A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2022-12-23 | 杭州圣钘能源有限公司 | Heat supply system |
| CN117626294A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 江苏中科能源动力研究中心 | System and method for preparing synthesis gas by coupling green electricity with melting bed |
| CN117626294B (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-04-05 | 江苏中科能源动力研究中心 | System and method for preparing synthesis gas by coupling green electricity with melting bed |
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