CN215425328U - Femoral extramedullary positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a femoral extramedullary positioning component for unicondylar replacement, includes the clearance caliber, the clearance caliber is V-arrangement plate column structure, make clearance caliber other end face be located the shin bone outside and be the horizontal plane perpendicular with the mechanical axis of shin bone after clearance caliber one end face subsides are installed on the shin bone platform, be equipped with the positioner who is located the shin bone outside and is used for the supplementary thighbone mechanical axis of confirming on the clearance caliber. The utility model utilizes the extramedullary femoral positioning device to determine the mechanical axis of the femur, so that the positioning is more accurate and convenient, the defects of more blood output, more complications, inaccurate positioning and the like in the positioning of the prior art are overcome, a new choice of extramedullary positioning is provided for a clinician, the extramedullary positioning has the advantages of simple operation, strong operability, more accurate positioning and small wound, the operation time is saved, and the wound and the pain of a patient are relieved.

Description

Femoral extramedullary positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to an extra-femoral bone marrow positioning assembly for a unicondylar replacement.

Background

Osteoarthritis is a common chronic joint disease, is often seen in middle-aged and elderly people, and is better at knee joints with large load. The knee joint tibiofemoral joint is divided into an inner compartment and an outer compartment, the unicondylar prosthesis is used for surface replacement of the knee joint unilateral pathological change compartment, and the prosthesis is used for filling the gap of cartilage abrasion by cutting off the inner side or the outer side tibiofemoral joint surface, so as to recover ligament tension, further recover the pre-knee joint disease state and obtain good knee joint kinematics.

The movable prosthesis is represented by an Oxford prosthesis, a meniscus bearing can simulate the function of a meniscus, the shapes of the articular surfaces of a femoral prosthesis and the meniscus bearing are mutually matched, the contact stress is reduced, the polyethylene wear rate is reduced, but the movable prosthesis needs to be particularly accurate in prosthesis installation due to the complexity of prosthesis components, and the operation difficulty is relatively high.

To implant a unicondylar prosthesis, a surgeon needs to resect a sufficient portion of bone from the surface of the tibia and femur, and then accurately install the femoral and tibial prostheses to replace the portion resected by the surgeon. The correct prosthesis position will directly affect the surgical outcome and the long term prosthesis survival rate. Because the operation visual field is less, cut the bone and need accurate location instruction power line direction, relative shin bone side osteotomy, the thighbone side is required higher, and the degree of difficulty is bigger.

At present, the femur side is generally positioned in the marrow, a guide rod is inserted into a marrow cavity through a recommended needle inlet point, the trend of the guide rod is a femur dissection shaft, the femoral prosthesis is indicated to be placed, a hole needs to be formed in the distal end of the femur during operation, the marrow cavity is opened, the postoperative bleeding amount is increased during the operation, and the risk of fat embolism is increased; the distal end of the femur is deformed due to trauma or the positioning rod can not be inserted because the femoral stem is longer after hip joint replacement is carried out on the same side of a patient or other internal plants exist in the medullary cavity; due to the different positions of the openings, the direction of the reference force line will always change. The monocondylar replacement osteotomy is divided into a tibia side and a femur side, a general operation is started from the tibia osteotomy, the osteotomy mode can be divided into a mechanical axis osteotomy method perpendicular to the tibia and an varus osteotomy method according to the joint line direction, and the joint line direction of a normal knee joint generally has about 3-degree inward inclination, so that the 3-degree varus osteotomy can better recover the original joint line direction; the normal knee joint tibial plateau has 0 degree to 15 degrees of retroversion, and a large amount of clinical practice proves that the retroversion of the tibial plateau prosthesis after the unicondylar replacement is more reasonable from 3 degrees to 7 degrees, and the retroversion of the mobile platform unicondylar is recommended to be 7 degrees. The femoral side osteotomy refers to a femoral mechanical axis, in order to enable the postoperative knee joint function of a patient to be better, the femoral prosthesis is designed to be placed by 10 degrees of flexion by the aid of the movable platform unicondyles, the knee flexion angle of the knee joint is increased, and the original function of the knee joint is better recovered, so that the determination of the mechanical axis is very critical.

When the medial unicondylar replacement is performed, the femoral intramedullary locating rod is inserted into a femoral medullary cavity in a retrograde manner, the insertion point is 1cm in front of the front inner edge of an intercondylar notch, the knee is bent for 45 degrees, a drill and an awl are used for opening a hole, the intramedullary locating rod is inserted, the intramedullary locating rod is connected with a femoral drilling guider by a connector, then two holes with the diameters of 4mm and 6mm are sequentially drilled at the far end of the femoral condyle, the positions and the directions of the prosthesis are determined by the two holes, a mark line on the upper end face of the femoral drilling guider is parallel to the central lines of the two holes and is in the same plane, and the direction of the mark line determines the direction of the prosthesis.

When the knee joint unicondylar prosthesis is implanted, a mechanical axis is generally required to be used as a reference, and the anatomical axis and the mechanical axis of the tibia are almost nearly coaxial, so that the mechanical axis of the tibia is relatively easy to determine; an included angle of 5-7 degrees is usually formed between the femur dissection axis and the mechanical axis, the included angle is possibly slightly smaller or slightly larger according to the size of the patient, the mechanical axis is determined to have relatively larger error in clinical practice through the dissection axis, the wound of the medullary cavity is large and the blood loss is large due to the need of opening, and the complication is increased; the operation is difficult in the operation, especially for the beginners, the learning curve is increased, and meanwhile, the pain of the patients is increased; based on the above shortcomings of intramedullary positioning, a safe and convenient positioning mode is urgently needed to provide help for clinicians, and simultaneously, the trauma and pain of patients are favorably reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problems solved by the utility model are as follows: the utility model provides a locating component outside femoral marrow for single condyle replacement, through set up the positioner who is located the shin bone outside and is used for the auxiliary determination thighbone mechanical axis on locating the tibial plateau and being V-arrangement plate-like structure's clearance caliber, thereby utilize locating device outside femoral marrow, confirm thighbone mechanical axis, it is more accurate convenient to make the location, it is many to have overcome prior art marrow location blood output, the complication is many, fix a position not accurate etc. not enough, provide the new choice of an extramedullary location for clinician, it operates simple to have to make the operation, maneuverability is strong, fix a position more accurately, the wound is little, operating time has also been practiced thrift simultaneously, patient's wound and misery have been alleviateed.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the femoral extramedullary positioning assembly for the unicondylar replacement comprises a gap measurer, wherein the gap measurer is of a V-shaped plate structure, one end plate surface of the gap measurer is attached to a tibial platform, so that the other end plate surface of the gap measurer is positioned outside a tibia and is a horizontal plane perpendicular to a mechanical axis of the tibia, and a positioning device which is positioned on the outer side of the tibia and used for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur is arranged on the gap measurer.

Further, the V-shaped included angle of the clearance measurer is a supplementary angle of the tibial plateau retroversion angle.

Further, be fixed with the angle lotus root piece that is used for compensating the shin bone enstrophe osteotomy angle of retroversion on the shin bone platform, the cross-section formation of angle lotus root piece is the triangle-shaped structure, and the contained angle alpha of angle lotus root piece equals shin bone enstrophe osteotomy angle, angle lotus root piece bottom is equipped with the fixed spine that is convenient for link firmly with the shin bone platform.

Further, the included angle alpha of the angle lotus root slices is 3 degrees.

Preferably, the positioning device comprises a guide pin sleeve and an angle positioning ruler, an open elongated slot is formed on the plate surface at one end of the gap measurer, the long open groove is communicated with a round hole arranged on the plate surface at the other end of the clearance measurer, the upper end of a needle guide sleeve which is arranged outside the tibia and positioned below the clearance measurer penetrates out of the round hole, and the upper end penetrating part of the guide pin sleeve is parallel to the mechanical axis of the tibia under the positioning of the round hole, a guide pin for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur penetrates out of the guide pin sleeve from bottom to top and then is fixed on the femoral condyle of the patient, the angle positioning ruler consists of a guide pin positioning tube and a set square fixed on the outer wall of the guide pin positioning tube, the included angle beta between the triangular plate and the central axis of the guide pin positioning tube is the same as the bending angle of the femoral prosthesis, the guide pin positioning pipe is sleeved and positioned on the guide pin parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur, and the bevel edge of the triangular plate points to the bending direction of the femoral prosthesis.

Furthermore, the guide pin sleeve is of a tubular structure formed by arc transition connection of an upper end vertical section and an arc section with a lower end left-falling off, and the guide pin is fixed on the femoral condyle of the patient after being guided by the arc section and positioned by the vertical section in sequence so that the guide pin is parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur.

Preferably, the positioning device comprises a guide pin positioner, the guide pin positioner is in a rectangular block structure, a square hole penetrating to the other end face and adapted to the other end of the gap measurer and a guide pin positioning hole located above the square hole and on the same vertical line are formed in one end face of the guide pin positioner, the guide pin positioner is positioned at the other end of the gap measurer through the square hole in a sleeved mode to enable the guide pin positioner to be perpendicular to the other end of the gap measurer, a guide pin fixed on the femoral condyle of the patient after being guided by the guide pin positioning hole is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the femur, and the connection line of the two guide pins is parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur.

Further, positioner still includes angle locator, angle locator includes locating piece and locating lever, the system has the guide pin hole that corresponds and the adaptation with two guide pin positions that are fixed in on patient's thighbone condyle on the locating piece, the guide pin hole is perpendicular with the vertical terminal surface of locating piece, the locating lever upper end is fixed in angle locator outer end and is the angle setting with the vertical terminal surface of angle locator.

Furthermore, an included angle beta between the positioning rod and the vertical end face of the angle positioner is the same as the buckling angle of the femoral prosthesis.

Further, an included angle β between the positioning rod and the vertical end face of the angle positioner is 10 °.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

1. according to the technical scheme, the gap measurer with one end plate surface attached to the tibial platform is arranged, the other end plate surface is positioned outside the tibia and is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia, and the positioning device parallel to the mechanical axis of the tibia is arranged on the gap measurer, so that the femoral bone marrow external positioning device is used for determining the mechanical axis of the femur, the positioning is more accurate and convenient, and the defects that the blood output is large, the complications are large, the positioning is inaccurate and the like in positioning in the prior art are overcome;

2. according to the technical scheme, the gap measurer is arranged, one end of the gap measurer is attached to the tibial platform, the other end of the gap measurer is located outside the tibia and is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia, the angle of the tibia when the tibia is cut backwards is compensated, the other end of the gap measurer is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia while being a horizontal plane, the mechanical axis of the femur is determined based on the mechanical axis of the tibia, and the accuracy of the mechanical axis of the femur is guaranteed;

3. the technical scheme can not only determine the fixing position of the guide pin parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur on the femur through the gap measurer and the guide pin sleeve so as to realize the determination of the mechanical axis of the femur, but also determine the fixing position of the guide pin vertical to the mechanical axis of the femur on the femur through the gap measurer and the guide pin positioner so as to determine the reference line which is bent by 10 degrees by taking the mechanical axis of the femur as a reference through the angle positioner, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty in determining the mechanical axis of the femur and the reference line which is bent by 10 degrees by taking the mechanical axis of the femur as a reference;

4. according to the technical scheme, the angle lotus root slices are fixed on the tibial plateau, so that the varus osteotomy of the tibial plateau is compensated, the joint line direction is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia, the limitation of a positioning device is eliminated, and the application range is wide;

5. the technical scheme provides a new choice for extra-medullary positioning for clinicians, has the advantages of simple operation, strong operability, more accurate positioning and small wound, saves the operation time and relieves the wound and pain of patients.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a gap measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a gap measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a needle guide sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an angle positioning ruler according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the angular lotus root slices of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a guide pin locator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle positioner according to a second embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The first embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with fig. 1 to 5 to clearly and completely describe the technical solution, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

The femoral extramedullary positioning component for the unicondylar replacement comprises a gap measurer 1, wherein the gap measurer 1 is in a V-shaped plate structure, one end plate surface of the gap measurer 1 is attached to a tibial platform, so that the other end plate surface of the gap measurer 1 is positioned outside a tibia and is in a horizontal plane vertical to a mechanical axis of the tibia, and a positioning device which is positioned outside the tibia and used for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur is arranged on the gap measurer 1; specifically, the V-shaped included angle of the clearance measuring device 1 is a supplementary angle of the tibial plateau retroversion angle.

When the tibia adopts a backward-tilting and inward-turning osteotomy mode, the angular lotus root slices 5 need to be fixed on the tibia platform; the tibia platform is fixed with an angle lotus root piece 5 used for compensating a retroverted tibia inverted osteotomy angle, the cross section of the angle lotus root piece 5 is formed into a triangular structure, the included angle alpha of the angle lotus root piece 5 is equal to the tibia inverted osteotomy angle, and a fixed spine convenient to be fixedly connected with the tibia platform is arranged at the bottom of the angle lotus root piece 5. Specifically, the included angle α of the angular lotus root piece 5 is 3 °.

The specific structure of the positioning device is as follows: the positioning device comprises a guide pin sleeve 2 and an angle positioning ruler 8, wherein an open long groove 3 is formed on a plate surface at one end of the clearance measurer 1, the open long groove 3 is communicated with a round hole 4 formed on a plate surface at the other end of the clearance measurer 1, the upper end of the guide pin sleeve 2 which is arranged outside the tibia and positioned below the clearance measurer 1 penetrates out of the round hole 4, the penetrating part at the upper end of the guide pin sleeve 2 is parallel to the mechanical axis of the tibia under the positioning of the round hole 4, a guide pin for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur penetrates out of the guide pin sleeve 2 from bottom to top and then is fixed on the femoral condyle of a patient, the angle positioning ruler 8 consists of a guide pin positioning tube 8-1 and a triangular plate 8-2 fixed on the outer wall of the guide pin positioning tube 8-1, and the included angle beta between the triangular plate 8-2 and the central axis of the guide pin positioning tube 8-1 is the same as the buckling angle of the femoral prosthesis, the guide pin positioning tube 8-1 is sleeved and positioned on the guide pin parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur, and the bevel edge of the triangular plate 8-2 points to the bending direction of the femoral prosthesis.

Specifically, the guide pin sleeve 2 is of a tubular structure formed by arc transition connection of an upper vertical section 2-1 and an arc section 2-2 with a lower end being left-falling, and the guide pin is fixed on the femoral condyle of the patient after being guided by the arc section 2-2 and positioned by the vertical section 2-1 in sequence so that the guide pin is parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur.

According to the operation specification, firstly cutting off bone substances of a medial compartment or a lateral compartment of a tibial plateau to ensure that a joint line direction of the tibial plateau is vertical to a mechanical axis of a tibia, and if the tibial plateau is selected to be inverted and cut, ensuring that the joint line direction is vertical to the mechanical axis through an angle lotus root piece 5; straightening the knee joint, inserting a gap measurer 1 with proper thickness, placing a guide pin sleeve 2 from the lateral direction of the tibia, driving an elastic guide pin into the femoral condyle through the guide pin sleeve 2, taking out the guide pin sleeve 2 and the gap measurer 1, bending the knee joint by 90 degrees, installing an angle positioning ruler 8 on the guide pin in a certain direction, rotating the angle positioning ruler 8 to adjust the direction of a triangular plate 8-2, inserting a femoral drilling guider into the joint gap, enabling a mark line of the upper end face of the femoral drilling guider to be parallel to an inclined plane at the lower end of the triangular plate 8-2, fixing the femoral drilling guider, driving in fixing holes of 4mm and 6mm, cutting off the femoral condyle, grinding the distal end of the femur to achieve flexion-extension gap balance, and determining the position of the femoral prosthesis.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with fig. 5-7 to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

The femoral extramedullary positioning component for the unicondylar replacement comprises a gap measurer 1, wherein the gap measurer 1 is in a V-shaped plate structure, one end plate surface of the gap measurer 1 is attached to a tibial platform, so that the other end plate surface of the gap measurer 1 is positioned outside a tibia and is in a horizontal plane vertical to a mechanical axis of the tibia, and a positioning device which is positioned outside the tibia and used for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur is arranged on the gap measurer 1; specifically, the V-shaped included angle of the gap measurer 1 is a supplementary angle of a tibial plateau retroversion angle, wherein the tibial plateau retroversion angle is 7 °, and the gap measurer 1 is a structure in which the opening elongated slot 3 and the circular hole 4 are not machined in fig. 1.

When the tibial plateau adopts a backward-tilting and inward-turning osteotomy mode, the angular lotus root slices 5 need to be fixed on the tibial plateau; the tibia platform is fixed with an angle lotus root piece 5 used for compensating a retroverted tibia inverted osteotomy angle, the cross section of the angle lotus root piece 5 is formed into a triangular structure, the included angle alpha of the angle lotus root piece 5 is equal to the tibia inverted osteotomy angle, and a fixed spine convenient to be fixedly connected with the tibia platform is arranged at the bottom of the angle lotus root piece 5. Specifically, the included angle α of the angular lotus root piece 5 is 3 °.

The specific structure of the positioning device is as follows: the positioning device comprises a guide pin positioner 6, the guide pin positioner 6 is of a rectangular block structure, a square hole 6-1 penetrating to the other end face and matched with the other end of the gap measurer 1 and a guide pin positioning hole 6-2 located above the square hole 6-1 and located on the same vertical line are formed in one end face of the guide pin positioner 6, the guide pin positioner 6 is positioned at the other end of the gap measurer 1 in a sleeved mode through the square hole 6-1, the guide pin positioner 6 is perpendicular to the other end of the gap measurer 1, a guide pin fixed on a femoral condyle of a patient is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the femur after being guided by the guide pin positioning hole 6-2, and the connecting line of the two guide pins is parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur.

In order to increase the flexion angle of the knee joint of the patient after the operation, the positioning device further comprises an angle positioner 7, the angle positioner 7 comprises a positioning block 7-1 and a positioning rod 7-2, a guide pin hole 7-3 which corresponds to and is matched with the two guide pin positions fixed on the femoral condyle of the patient is formed in the positioning block 7-1, the guide pin hole 7-3 is perpendicular to the vertical end face of the positioning block 7-1, and the upper end of the positioning rod 7-2 is fixed at the outer end of the angle positioner 7 and is arranged at an angle with the vertical end face of the angle positioner 7; specifically, an included angle beta between the positioning rod 7-2 and the vertical end face of the angle positioner 7 is the same as the bending angle of the femoral prosthesis; specifically, an included angle β between the positioning rod 7-2 and the vertical end face of the angle positioner 7 is 10 °.

According to the operation specification, firstly, the bone of the medial compartment or the lateral compartment of the tibial plateau is cut off, so that the direction of the tibial plateau joint line is vertical to the mechanical axis of the tibia, and if the bone is cut off by means of inversion, the direction of the joint line is vertical to the mechanical axis of the tibia through the angle coupling piece 5. Straightening the knee joint, inserting a gap measurer 1 with proper thickness, positioning a guide pin positioner 6 through a square hole 6-1 matched with the gap measurer 1 to enable the guide pin positioner 6 to be close to the femoral condyle, driving two guide pins through a guide pin positioning hole 6-2, taking out the guide pin positioner 6, pulling out the gap measurer 1, enabling the knee joint to bend by 90 degrees, matching a guide pin hole 7-3 on an angle positioner 7 with the guide pins, then installing the angle positioner 7 on the femoral condyle, inserting a femoral drilling guider into the gap of the knee joint, enabling a mark line on the upper end surface of the femoral drilling guider to be parallel to a positioning rod 7-2 on the angle positioner 7, fixing the femoral drilling guider, driving in fixing holes of 4mm and 6mm, cutting off the femoral condyle, grinding through the distal femur to achieve flexion-extension gap balance, and determining the position of the femoral prosthesis.

In the two embodiments, the gap measurer 1 is arranged, one end of the gap measurer 1 is attached to the tibial platform, the other end of the gap measurer 1 is located outside the tibia and perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia, and the positioning device parallel to the mechanical axis of the tibia is arranged on the gap measurer 1, so that the femoral mechanical axis is determined by using the external femoral marrow positioning device, the positioning is more accurate and convenient, and the defects that the blood output is large, the complications are large, the positioning is inaccurate and the like in the positioning in the prior art are overcome; the angle of the tibia when the tibia is cut back is compensated by arranging the gap measurer 1 with one end plate surface attached to the tibia platform and the other end plate surface positioned outside the tibia and vertical to the mechanical axis of the tibia, so that the other end of the gap measurer 1 is vertical to the mechanical axis of the tibia while being a horizontal plane, the mechanical axis of the femur is determined based on the mechanical axis of the tibia, and the accuracy of the mechanical axis of the femur is ensured; in the two schemes, the fixed position of the guide pin parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur on the femur can be determined through the gap measurer 1 and the guide pin sleeve 2, so that the mechanical axis of the femur is determined, the fixed position of the guide pin vertical to the mechanical axis of the femur on the femur can be determined through the gap measurer 1 and the guide pin positioner 6, so that the determination of a datum line which is bent by 10 degrees by taking the mechanical axis of the femur as a reference is determined by utilizing the angle positioner, and the determination difficulty of the mechanical axis of the femur and the datum line which is bent by 10 degrees by taking the mechanical axis of the femur as a reference is greatly reduced; through fixed angle lotus root piece 5 on the tibial plateau for the tibial plateau enstrophe cuts the bone and obtains the compensation, and joint line direction perpendicular to shin bone mechanical axis has eliminated positioner's limitation, and application scope is wide.

The angle positioning rule 8 and the angle positioner 7 in the two embodiments described above can be designed as one part suitable for use in embodiments 1 and 2, namely: the angle positioning ruler 8 is provided with a through hole which is vertical to the other two guide pin holes 7-3, so that the through hole has the same function as the guide pin positioning tube 8-1, and then the positioning rod 7-2 on the angle positioning ruler 7 can be utilized to have the function that the bevel edge of the triangular plate 8-2 in the original angle positioning ruler 8 points to the bending direction of the femoral prosthesis, so that the angle positioning ruler can be used in the two embodiments and has the same function as the independent angle positioning ruler 8 and the angle positioning device 7.

The technical scheme provides a new choice for extra-medullary positioning for clinicians, has the advantages of simple operation, strong operability, more accurate positioning and small wound, saves the operation time and relieves the wound and pain of patients.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. An extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for use in a unicondylar replacement procedure, characterized by: the gap measuring device comprises a gap measuring device (1), wherein the gap measuring device (1) is of a V-shaped plate structure, one end of the gap measuring device (1) is attached to a tibial platform, so that the other end of the gap measuring device (1) is positioned outside a tibia and is a horizontal plane perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia, and a positioning device which is positioned outside the tibia and used for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur is arranged on the gap measuring device (1).

2. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 1, wherein: the V-shaped included angle of the clearance measurer (1) is a supplementary angle of a tibial plateau retroversion angle.

3. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 2, wherein: the utility model discloses a tibia enstrophe bone cutting machine, including tibia platform, angle lotus root piece (5) that are fixed with on the tibia platform and are used for compensating the tibia enstrophe bone cutting angle of retroverted, the cross-section formation of angle lotus root piece (5) is the triangle-shaped structure, and the contained angle alpha of angle lotus root piece (5) equals the tibia enstrophe bone cutting angle, angle lotus root piece (5) bottom is equipped with the fixed spine that is convenient for link firmly with the tibia platform.

4. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 3, wherein: the included angle alpha of the angle lotus root slices (5) is 3 degrees.

5. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 2, or 3 or 4, wherein: the positioning device comprises a guide pin sleeve (2) and an angle positioning ruler (8), wherein an opening long groove (3) is formed in a plate surface at one end of the clearance measurer (1), the opening long groove (3) is communicated with a round hole (4) formed in a plate surface at the other end of the clearance measurer (1), the round hole (4) penetrates out of the upper end of the guide pin sleeve (2) which is arranged outside the tibia and located below the clearance measurer (1), the penetrating part at the upper end of the guide pin sleeve (2) is parallel to the mechanical axis of the tibia under the positioning of the round hole (4), a guide pin for assisting in determining the mechanical axis of the femur penetrates out of the guide pin sleeve (2) from bottom to top and then is fixed on the femoral condyle of a patient, the angle positioning ruler (8) consists of a guide pin positioning tube (8-1) and a triangular plate (8-2) fixed on the outer wall of the guide pin positioning tube (8-1), and the included angle beta between the triangular plate (8-2) and the central axis of the guide pin positioning tube (8-1) and the femoral bone positioning tube (8-1) are arranged on the angle The flexion angles of the prostheses are the same, the guide pin positioning tube (8-1) is sleeved and positioned on the guide pin parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur, and the oblique edge of the triangular plate (8-2) points to the flexion direction of the femoral prostheses.

6. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 5, wherein: the guide pin sleeve (2) is of a tubular structure formed by arc transitional connection of an upper end vertical section (2-1) and a lower end outward-skimming arc section (2-2), and the guide pin is fixed on the femoral condyle of a patient after being guided by the arc section (2-2) and positioned by the vertical section (2-1) in sequence so that the guide pin is parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur.

7. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 2, or 3 or 4, wherein: the positioning device comprises a guide pin positioner (6), the guide pin positioner (6) is of a rectangular block structure, a square hole (6-1) which penetrates through the other end face and is matched with the other end of the gap measurer (1) and a guide pin positioning hole (6-2) which is positioned above the square hole (6-1) and is positioned on the same vertical line are formed in one end face of the guide pin positioner (6), the guide pin positioner (6) is sleeved and positioned at the other end of the gap measurer (1) through the square hole (6-1) to enable the guide pin positioner (6) to be perpendicular to the other end of the gap measurer (1), a guide pin which is fixed on the femoral condyle of a patient after being guided by the guide pin positioning hole (6-2) is perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the femur, and the connection line of the two guide pins is parallel to the mechanical axis of the femur.

8. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 7, wherein: the positioning device further comprises an angle positioner (7), the angle positioner (7) comprises a positioning block (7-1) and a positioning rod (7-2), the positioning block (7-1) is provided with guide pin holes (7-3) which correspond to and are matched with two guide pin positions fixed on the femoral condyle of a patient, the guide pin holes (7-3) are perpendicular to the vertical end face of the positioning block (7-1), and the upper end of the positioning rod (7-2) is fixed at the outer end of the angle positioner (7) and is arranged at an angle with the vertical end face of the angle positioner (7).

9. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 8, wherein: the included angle beta between the positioning rod (7-2) and the vertical end face of the angle positioner (7) is the same as the buckling angle of the femoral prosthesis.

10. The extra-femoral myeloscopic positioning assembly for unicondylar replacement of claim 9, wherein: and the included angle beta between the positioning rod (7-2) and the vertical end surface of the angle positioner (7) is 10 degrees.

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