CN215421521U

CN215421521U - Hand weeder to hills mountain area tobacco field

Info

Publication number: CN215421521U
Application number: CN202122237182.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王维翰; 武艳平; 何培祥
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2021-09-15
Filing date: 2021-09-15
Publication date: 2022-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a walking weeding machine for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, which comprises a walking frame with walking wheels at the bottom and a weeding system arranged at the front part of the walking frame, wherein the weeding system comprises a follow-up weeding mechanism and self-adaptive weeding mechanisms respectively extending to two sides of the walking frame. By adopting the technical scheme, the side weeding cutters are arranged on the cutter driving flexible shaft, and the flexible cutter driving flexible shaft can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner according to the shape of the ridge, so that each side weeding cutter can be fully contacted with the ridge, and the weeding operation efficiency is improved; meanwhile, tobacco plants and weeds can be distinguished through the plant identification assembly, so that the swing angle of the seedling-avoiding swing arm is adaptively adjusted, the tobacco plants can be prevented from being accidentally injured, and the weeds can be covered as much as possible; overall structure is simple, and is with low costs, and the portability is good, and degree of automation is higher, easily operation and use, low in labor strength, the operating efficiency is high, and the tobacco field of specially adapted mountain region hilly area is weeded.

Description

Hand weeder to hills mountain area tobacco field

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a hand weeding machine for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas.

Background

The weeds have vigorous growth and strongest adaptability, compete for moisture, nutrients and growth space with tobacco seedlings, seriously affect the quality and the yield of flue-cured tobacco, and a plurality of weeds become propagation media of tobacco plant diseases and insect pests, even become hosts, harm the growth of the tobacco, cause huge loss to the production of the tobacco, and weed the tobacco field, thereby being beneficial to promoting the yield and the quality of the tobacco. Therefore, in the tobacco planting process, weeding needs to be carried out in time to ensure the healthy growth of tobacco seedlings.

The cultivated land area of hilly mountain areas accounts for more than 2/3 of the total cultivated land area of the whole country, but the cultivated land of hilly mountain areas has the problems of narrow land blocks, scattered distribution and lack of complete machine-ploughing roads, so that large weeding equipment suitable for plain areas is not suitable for the hilly mountain areas.

At present, the manual weeding mode is commonly adopted in domestic tobacco fields in hills, the labor intensity is high, and the efficiency is low. The special type of weeding machines in hilly and mountainous areas are rare, so that the special type of weeding machines are difficult to adapt to inter-ridge operation, tobacco plants and weeds cannot be automatically distinguished, the tobacco plants are easily accidentally injured in the weeding process, the difficulty of weeding operation is increased, and the efficiency of weeding operation is reduced.

Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a hand weeding machine for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas.

The technical scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides a hand weeder to hills mountain area tobacco field, includes that the bottom is provided with the hand frame of walking wheel and sets up the weeding system in hand frame front portion, and its main points lie in: the weeding system comprises a follow-up weeding mechanism and self-adaptive weeding mechanisms extending to two sides of the hand-held rack respectively;

the self-adaptive weeding mechanism comprises a self-adaptive weeding rack vertically installed at the front part of the hand rack, a seedling avoidance swinging arm installed at the upper end of the self-adaptive weeding rack in a manner of transversely extending outwards, a swinging driving mechanism used for driving the seedling avoidance swinging arm to transversely swing relative to the self-adaptive weeding rack, a cutter driving flexible shaft rotatably installed between the self-adaptive weeding rack and the outer end of the seedling avoidance swinging arm, a plurality of side weeding cutters synchronously and rotatably sleeved on the cutter driving flexible shaft, a flexible shaft driving mechanism used for driving the cutter driving flexible shaft to rotate and a plant identification assembly used for identifying plant types;

the follow-up weeding mechanism comprises a follow-up weeding machine frame which is convexly arranged between the two self-adaptive weeding machine frames forwards, a follow-up rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged at the front part of the follow-up weeding machine frame, and a plurality of middle weeding cutters which are synchronously rotatably sleeved on the follow-up rotating shaft.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: plant identification subassembly includes installs through torque sensor and avoids the seedling stock rod on keeping away the seedling swing arm, it transversely extends to and keeps away beyond the seedling swing arm outer end to keep away the seedling stock rod.

Structure more than adopting, when avoiding seedling stock to beat on the plant, can be based on the torque data resolution that torque sensor surveyed and be tobacco plant or weeds to swing angle in the swing arm ground is kept away in the adjustment of adaptability ground, can enough avoid side weeding cutter accidental injury tobacco plant, can cover bigger scope as far as possible again, promotes weeding effect and weeding efficiency.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: keep away the outer end of seedling swing arm and buckle downwards and form the flexible axle mounting bracket, the lower extreme at the flexible axle mounting bracket is rotationally installed to the one end of cutter drive flexible axle, the middle part of keeping away the seedling swing arm is provided with the sensor support that extends forward, torque sensor installs the front end at the sensor support downwards, it transversely extends to outside the middle part of flexible axle mounting bracket to keep away the seedling stock rod.

By adopting the structure, the cutter driving flexible shaft and the seedling-avoiding probe rod can be reliably installed, and the tobacco plants and weeds can be accurately identified in advance by the arrangement mode of the front and the outward extension of the seedling-avoiding probe rod, so that the tobacco plants are prevented from being damaged.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the swing driving mechanism comprises a stepping motor and a worm and gear reducer, and the stepping motor drives the seedling avoidance swing arm to swing transversely at the upper end of the self-adaptive weeding rack through the worm and gear reducer.

By adopting the structure, the speed reduction transmission can be stably and reliably carried out, and the swing angle of the self-adaptive weeding machine frame can be accurately controlled.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the flexible shaft driving mechanism comprises a weeding motor and a coupler, and the weeding motor is connected with one end of the cutter driving flexible shaft through the coupler.

By adopting the structure, the cutter driving flexible shaft can be stably and reliably driven.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the servo weeding frame comprises a weeding left support and a weeding right support which are respectively arranged at the lower end of the corresponding self-adaptive weeding frame, and the two ends of the servo rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably arranged on the weeding left support and the weeding right support.

By adopting the structure, the structure is simple and reliable, and the assembly is easy.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: one side of walking wheel is provided with rather than synchronous pivoted magnet dish, be provided with on the magnet dish along circumference evenly distributed's the speed of a motor vehicle detection permanent magnet, be provided with on the hand frame with each speed of a motor vehicle detection hall sensor that detects the speed of a motor vehicle detection permanent magnet looks adaptation, the speed of a motor vehicle detection hall sensor is just to the magnet dish.

By adopting the structure, the advancing speed of the hand-held weeding machine can be calculated, when the hand-held weeding machine stops advancing, the flexible shaft driving mechanism can automatically stop working, and meanwhile, the advancing speed of an operator can be prompted, so that the man-machine interaction is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

according to the hand weeding machine for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, the side weeding cutters are mounted on the cutter driving flexible shafts, and the flexible cutter driving flexible shafts can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the shapes of ridges of a field, so that each side weeding cutter can be fully contacted with the ridges of the field, and weeding operation efficiency is improved; meanwhile, tobacco plants and weeds can be distinguished through the plant identification assembly, so that the swing angle of the seedling-avoiding swing arm is adaptively adjusted, the tobacco plants can be prevented from being accidentally injured, and the weeds can be covered as much as possible; overall structure is simple, and is with low costs, and the portability is good, and degree of automation is higher, easily operation and use, low in labor strength, the operating efficiency is high, and the tobacco field of specially adapted mountain region hilly area is weeded.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the matching relationship between the walking frame and the road wheels;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive weeding mechanism;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the following weeding mechanism.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-4, a walking weeding machine for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas mainly comprises a walking frame 1 with walking wheels 2 at the bottom and a weeding system arranged in front of the walking frame 1, wherein the weeding system comprises a follow-up weeding mechanism 3 and adaptive weeding mechanisms 4 respectively extending to two sides of the walking frame 1, when the walking frame 1 is pushed forward, the follow-up weeding mechanism 3 can weed in a follow-up manner, and the adaptive weeding mechanisms 4 can detect and distinguish tobacco plants and weeds, and adopt an electric mode to weed in a self-adaptive manner.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the adaptive weeding mechanism 4 includes an adaptive weeding frame 41, a seedling evading swing arm 42, a swing driving mechanism 43, a cutter driving flexible shaft 44, a flexible shaft driving mechanism 46, a plant identification assembly 47 and a plurality of side weeding cutters 45.

The self-adaptive weeding machine frame 41 is of a plate-shaped or columnar structure, and the self-adaptive weeding machine frame 41 is vertically installed at the front part of the walking machine frame 1. The seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 is mounted at the upper end of the adaptive weeding machine frame 41 in a manner of extending transversely outwards, i.e. the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 extends transversely outwards in a direction away from the other adaptive weeding machine frame 41. The swing driving mechanism 43 is used for driving the seedling evading swing arm 42 to swing transversely relative to the adaptive weeding machine frame 41. The cutter driving flexible shaft 44 is rotatably arranged between the self-adaptive weeding machine frame 41 and the outer end of the seedling avoidance swing arm 42. The weeding cutters 45 on each side are synchronously and rotatably sleeved on the cutter driving flexible shaft 44. The flexible shaft driving mechanism 46 is used for driving the cutter driving flexible shaft 44 to rotate, so as to drive the weeding cutters 45 on each side to rotate synchronously. The plant identification component 47 is used to identify the plant species, i.e. whether it is a tobacco plant or a weed.

The plant identification assembly 47 includes a seedling-avoiding probe 472 mounted on the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 by a torque sensor 471, the seedling-avoiding probe 472 transversely extending beyond the outer end of the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42. Because the weeds are herbaceous plants, the weeds are very soft; the tobacco plant is woody plant and has high hardness. Therefore, when the outer end of the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 strikes against weeds, the torque detected by the torque sensor 471 is much lower than the torque detected when the outer end of the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 strikes against tobacco plants. Therefore, it can be accurately identified that the tobacco plant is still in the weed after the seedling-avoiding probe 472 strikes.

During operation, the seedling avoidance swinging arm 42 is firstly unfolded to the maximum angle, namely, the seedling avoidance swinging arm 42 forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the advancing route of the walking wheel 2; if weeds are hit by the seedling-avoiding probe 472, the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 keeps the current maximum unfolding state to cut off the weeds as much as possible; if the seedling-avoiding probe 472 strikes a tobacco plant, the swing driving mechanism 43 drives the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 to rotate for a certain angle, so as to reduce the coverage area and avoid the tobacco plant to carry out weeding operation. Therefore, the whole process is self-adaptive to adjust, and the automation degree is high.

Further, the swing driving mechanism 43 includes a stepping motor 431 and a worm gear reducer 432, and the stepping motor 431 drives the seedling-avoiding swing arm 42 to swing transversely at the upper end of the adaptive weeding machine frame 41 through the worm gear reducer 432. Specifically speaking, worm gear reducer 432 is connected through special shaft coupling and is kept away seedling swing arm 42, simultaneously, install the pendulum position at worm gear reducer 432 and detect hall sensor, install the pendulum position on special shaft coupling and detect the permanent magnet to as keeping away seedling swing arm 42's initial position detection device, make hand weeder keep perpendicular with the direction of advance all the time when not keeping away seedling work, the maximize is weeded the area, when keeping away the seedling completion back, it makes weeding mechanism can accurately get back to initial position to keep away seedling motor gyration.

Keep away seedling swing arm 42's outer end and buckle downwards and form flexible axle mounting bracket 421, the lower extreme at flexible axle mounting bracket 421 is rotationally installed to the one end of cutter drive flexible axle 44, the middle part of keeping away seedling swing arm 42 is provided with sensor support 422 that extends forward, torque sensor 471 installs the front end at sensor support 422 downwards, it transversely extends to outside the middle part of flexible axle mounting bracket 421 to keep away seedling stock 472, can enough install cutter drive flexible axle 44 reliably and keep away seedling stock 472, again through keeping away leading and overhanging arrangement of seedling stock 472, accurately discern tobacco plant and weeds in advance, avoid haring the tobacco plant.

The flexible shaft driving mechanism 46 comprises a weeding motor 461 and a coupling 462, the weeding motor 461 is connected with one end of the cutter driving flexible shaft 44 through the coupling 462, and the other end of the cutter driving flexible shaft 44 is installed at the lower end of the flexible shaft mounting rack 421 through a bearing, so that the weeding mechanism is simple and reliable.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the follower weeding mechanism 3 includes a follower weeding frame 31 disposed between two adaptive weeding frames 41 protruding forward, a follower rotating shaft 32 rotatably mounted on the front portion of the follower weeding frame 31, and a plurality of intermediate weeding cutters 33 rotatably fitted around the follower rotating shaft 32 in synchronization. Therefore, when the hand rack 1 advances, the weeds and the middle weeding cutter 33 can be knotted, and the weeds are pulled out based on the advancing power.

Wherein, follow-up weeding frame 31 is including installing respectively at the left support 311 of weeding and the right support 312 of weeding of corresponding self-adaptation weeding frame 41 lower extreme, and the both ends of follow-up pivot 32 are the bearing respectively and rotationally install on left support 311 of weeding and the right support 312 of weeding, and is simple reliable, easily the assembly.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a magnet disc 5 which rotates synchronously with the walking wheel 2 is arranged on one side of the walking wheel 2, vehicle speed detection permanent magnets 51 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the magnet disc 5, vehicle speed detection hall sensors 6 which are matched with the vehicle speed detection permanent magnets 51 are arranged on the handrail frame 1, and the vehicle speed detection hall sensors 6 are opposite to the magnet disc 5, so that the advancing speed of the handheld weeding machine can be calculated, when the walking is stopped, the flexible shaft driving mechanism 46 can automatically stop working, meanwhile, the advancing speed of an operator can be prompted, and the man-machine interaction is improved.

Correspondingly, a storage battery 7 and a controller 8 are installed on the handrail frame 1, the storage battery 7 is used for supplying power to electrical equipment such as the stepping motor 431, the weeding motor 461, the torque sensor 471, the vehicle speed detection hall sensor 6 and the swing position detection hall sensor, and the controller 8 is used for receiving and processing signals of the torque sensor 471, the vehicle speed detection hall sensor 6 and the swing position detection hall sensor, so as to send out signals and control the stepping motor 431 and the weeding motor 461. Meanwhile, a power switch 9 is arranged on the handrail 11 on one side of the hand rack 1, so that the operation is convenient.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hand weeder to hills mountain area tobacco field, is provided with hand frame (1) of walking wheel (2) and sets up the weeding system in hand frame (1) front portion including the bottom, its characterized in that: the weeding system comprises a follow-up weeding mechanism (3) and self-adaptive weeding mechanisms (4) which respectively extend to two sides of the hand-held rack (1);

the self-adaptive weeding mechanism (4) comprises a self-adaptive weeding rack (41) vertically installed on the front part of the hand rack (1), a seedling avoidance swing arm (42) installed at the upper end of the self-adaptive weeding rack (41) in a transversely outward extending mode, a swing driving mechanism (43) used for driving the seedling avoidance swing arm (42) to transversely swing relative to the self-adaptive weeding rack (41), a cutter driving flexible shaft (44) rotatably installed between the self-adaptive weeding rack (41) and the outer end of the seedling avoidance swing arm (42), a plurality of side weeding cutters (45) synchronously rotatably sleeved on the cutter driving flexible shaft (44), a flexible shaft driving mechanism (46) used for driving the cutter driving flexible shaft (44) to rotate and a plant identification assembly (47) used for identifying plant types;

the follow-up weeding mechanism (3) comprises a follow-up weeding machine frame (31) which is convexly arranged between the two self-adaptive weeding machine frames (41) forwards, a follow-up rotating shaft (32) which is rotatably arranged at the front part of the follow-up weeding machine frame (31), and a plurality of middle weeding cutters (33) which are synchronously and rotatably sleeved on the follow-up rotating shaft (32).

2. A hand-held herbicide as claimed in claim 1 for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, wherein: the plant identification assembly (47) comprises a seedling avoidance probe rod (472) which is arranged on the seedling avoidance swing arm (42) through a torque sensor (471), and the seedling avoidance probe rod (472) transversely extends to the outside of the outer end of the seedling avoidance swing arm (42).

3. A hand-held herbicide for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas as claimed in claim 2, wherein: keep away seedling swing arm (42) outer end bending type downwards and form flexible axle mounting bracket (421), the lower extreme in flexible axle mounting bracket (421) is rotationally installed to the one end of cutter drive flexible axle (44), the middle part of keeping away seedling swing arm (42) is provided with sensor support (422) that extend forward, torque sensor (471) are installed the front end at sensor support (422) downwards, it transversely extends to outside the middle part of flexible axle mounting bracket (421) to keep away seedling feeler lever (472).

4. A hand-held herbicide as claimed in claim 1 for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, wherein: swing actuating mechanism (43) include step motor (431) and worm gear reduction gear (432), step motor (431) pass through worm gear reduction gear (432) and drive and keep away seedling swing arm (42) at the upper end horizontal swing of self-adaptation weeding frame (41).

5. A hand-held herbicide as claimed in claim 1 for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, wherein: the flexible shaft driving mechanism (46) comprises a weeding motor (461) and a coupler (462), and the weeding motor (461) is connected with one end of the cutter driving flexible shaft (44) through the coupler (462).

6. A hand-held herbicide as claimed in claim 1 for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, wherein: the servo weeding machine frame (31) comprises a weeding left support (311) and a weeding right support (312) which are respectively arranged at the lower end of the corresponding self-adaptive weeding machine frame (41), and two ends of the servo rotating shaft (32) are respectively and rotatably arranged on the weeding left support (311) and the weeding right support (312).

7. A hand-held herbicide as claimed in claim 1 for tobacco fields in hilly and mountainous areas, wherein: one side of walking wheel (2) is provided with rather than synchronous pivoted magnet dish (5), be provided with on magnet dish (5) along circumference evenly distributed's the speed of a motor vehicle detection permanent magnet (51), be provided with on hand frame (1) with each speed of a motor vehicle detection hall sensor (6) that detect permanent magnet (51) looks adaptation, the speed of a motor vehicle detects hall sensor (6) just to magnet dish (5).